罗马化和身份认同

罗马化和身份认同第1页/共22页“罗马化”的早期表述：文明的传播FrancisHaverfield,TheRomanizationofRomanBritain.Oxford:Clarendon,1906.R.G.Collingwood,RomanBritain.Oxford:ClarendonPress,1932.第2页/共22页“罗马化”的动力罗马国家：C.R.Whittaker,"ImperialismandCulture:TheRomanInitiative."InDialoguesinRomanImperialism,editedbyD.J.M.Mattingly,143-63.JRASuppl.23.Portsmouth:JournalofRomanArchaeology,1997.地方上的竞争：P.Zanker,ThePowerofImagesintheAgeofAugustus.AnnArbor:UniversityofMichiganPress,1990地方效仿中心：M.Millett,TheRomanizationofBritain.Cambridge:CambridgeUniversityPress,1990；GregWoolf,BecomingRoman:

theoriginsofprovincialcivilizationinGaul.CambridgeUniversityPress.1998第3页/共22页“罗马化”概念和研究框架的缺陷主导的分析模式侧重行省地方上对罗马和意大利文化的效仿，强调地方贵族在这一过程中的推动力，而占人口绝大多数的农村平民在文化变迁中的作用及其与罗马文化之间的互动被忽视；同样未得到足够重视的是罗马与行省之间的互动。在所有的分析模式中，罗马文化都自动被假设为高级文化和文明的同义词，认为罗马文化的渗透是理所当然、大势所趋。在这种模式指导下的行省考古，尤其注重寻找“罗马”物质文化的痕迹和成就。“罗马化”这个研究模式中的最大缺陷就在于或强调所谓罗马文化的单向辐射或强调地方上对所谓罗马文化的单向模仿和复制（replication）。

第4页/共22页寻求新的语言表述和研究模式

Creolization（混语/混合文化）：J.WebsterandN.Cooper(eds.),RomanImperialism:post-colonialperspectives(LeicesterArchaeologyMonographs3,Leicester)Discrepantidentity：D.J.Mattingly,Imperialism,Power,andIdentity:ExperiencingtheRomanEmpire.Princeton,N.J:PrincetonUniversityPress,2011.第5页/共22页Patavium个案研究Patavium第6页/共22页Patavium(modernPadua,Padova)第7页/共22页NCCXXV

A(ulus)PubliciusFelixv(otum)s(olvit)l(ibens)m(erito)(Not.Sc.1926,p.352;nowinMuseiCivicidiPadova

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第11页/共22页CILV.415=MuseoMaffeiano,Inv.n.443第12页/共22页CILV2787MuseoMaffeiano,Verona第13页/共22页

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CILV2787

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fictitiousLatincolony公元前49年：罗马municipium第18页/共22页第19页/共22页Aftersomanydistinguishedmenhadbeenslaughtered,NeroatlastaspiredtoextirpatevirtueitselfbymurderingThraseaPaetusandBareaSoranus.Hehadhatedbothmenforalongtime,Thraseaonadditionalgrounds,becausehehadwalkedoutoftheSenatewhenAgrippina'scasewasunderdiscussion,asIhavealreadyrelated,andhadnotgiventheJuvenilegamesanyconspicuousservice.Thishatredpenetrateddeeper,becausethissameThraseahadsunginatragedian’sdressatPatavium,hisplaceoforigin,intheludicetasti

institutedbytheTrojanAntenor.(塔西佗，《编年史》16.21)第20页/共22页CILV.2823=ILS945.(PIR1P76,consul36CE.)

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