2020届高中英语二轮复习阅读理解历史文化类

2020届高中英语二轮复习

阅读理解（历史文化类）1、ForWesterndesigners,ChinaanditsrichculturehavelongbeenaninspirationforWesterncreative."It'snosecretthatChinahasalwaysbeenasource（来源）ofinspirationfordesigners,"saysAmandaHill,chiefcreativeofficeratA+ENetworks,aglobalmediacompanyandhometosomeofthebiggestfashion时尚）shows.Earlierthisyear,theChinaThroughALookingGlassexhibitioninNewYorkexhibited140piecesofChina-inspiredfashionableclothingalongsideChineseworksofart,withtheaimofexploringtheinfluenceofChineseaesthetics美学）onWesternfashionandhowChinahasfueledthefashionableimaginationforcenturies.Theexhibitionhadrecordattendance,showingthatthereishugeinterestinChineseinfluences."Chinaisimpossibletooverlook,"saysHill."Chinesemodelsarethefacesofbeautyandfashioncampaignsthatselldreamstowomenallovertheworld,whichmeansChinesewomenarenotjustconsumersoffashion—theyarecentraltoitsmovement."Ofcourse,onlyaretoday'stopWesterndesignersbeinginfluencedbyChina-someofthebestdesignersofcontemporaryfashionarethemselvesChinese."VeraWang,AlexanderWang,JasonWuaretakingonGaliano,Albaz,MarcJacobs-andbeatingthemhandsdownindesignandsales,"addsHil.ForHill,itisimpossiblenottotalkaboutChinaastheleadingplayerwhendiscussingfashion."ThemostfamousdesignersareChinese,soarethemodels,andsoaretheconsumers,"shesays."Chinaisnolongerjustanothermarket;inmanysensesithasbecomethemarket.Ifyoutalkaboutfashiontoday,youaretalkingaboutChina-itsinfluences,itsdirection,itsbreathtakingclothes,andhowyoungdesignersandmodelsarefinallyacknowledgingthatinmanyways."l.WhatcanwelearnabouttheexhibitioninNewYork?A.Itpromotedthesalesofartworks.B.Itattractedalargenumberofvisitors.C.ItshowedancientChineseclothes.D.ItaimedtointroduceChinesemodels..WhatdoesHillsayaboutChinesewomen?A.Theyaresettingthefashion. B.Theystartmanyfashioncampaigns.C.Theyadmiresupermodels. D.Theydobusinessallovertheworld..Whatdotheunderlinedwords"takingon"inparagraph4mean?A.learningfrom B.lookingdownonC.workingwith D.competingagainst.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.YoungModelsSellingDreamstotheWorldB.AChineseArtExhibitionHeldinNewYorkDifferencesBetweenEasternandWesternAestheticsChineseCultureFuelingInternationalFashionTrends2、Hilversumisamedium-sizedcitybetweenthemajorcitiesofAmsterdamandUtrechtintheGooiareaofNorthHolland,theNetherlands.UnlikemostoftheNetherlands,Hilversumisactuallyinahillyareawiththesoilmostlyconsistingofsand.OncecalledtheGardenofAmsterdam,itstillattractstravelerstocomeovertocycleandwalkthroughthesurroundingforests.Theyvisititforarelaxingdayofffromtheurbanmadness.ForDutchpeople,Hilversumisallabouttextile（纺织）andmediaindustries,andmodernarchitecture.Inhistory,Hilversumwaslargelyanagriculturalarea.Dailylifewasmarkedbyfarming,sheepraisingandwoolproduction.ArailwaylinktoAmsterdamin1874attractedrichtradersfromAmsterdamtoHilversum.Theybuildthemselveslargevillas（另1」墅）inthewoodedsurroundingsofthetown.OneofthefamiliesmovinginwastheBrenninkmeijers,currentlythewealthiestfamilyoftheNetherlands.TheymovedinafterbigsuccessinthetextileindustryandaidedasubstantialtextileindustryinHilversum.Butthetextileboomlastedonlyseveraldecades.Thelastfactoryclosedinthe1960s.Thechangetoamediaeconomystartedin1920,whentheNederlandseSeintoestedllenFa（NSFkestablishedaradiofactoryinHiversum.Mostradiostationssettlledinthelargevillasintheleafyareasofthetown.Televisiongaveanotherpushtothelocaleconomy.HilversumbecamethemediacapitaloftheNetherlands,andDutchtelevisonstarsmovedintotheleafyneighborhoodssurroundingthetown.Intheearly1900s,modernarchitctsW.M.DudokandJ.DuikerplacedhundredsofremarkablebuildingsinHilversum.Thesemodernarchitecturalmasterpieces杰作）aresomanythatHilversumalmostfeelslikeanopenairmuseum.Dudokaloneshapedmostof20thcenturyHilversumandapproximately75buildingsstillbearhisuniquecharacteristics.Hismaeterpiece:HilversumTownHall,wasbuiltin1928-1931.Ithaswideinternationalfameandisincludedinmanyarchitecturetextbooks.Thebuildinghasaremarkableshapeandlookslikeacombinationof“blocks”.Actually,onemaystarthisjourneyofmodernarchitecturebywalkingorbikingtheW.M.DudokArchitecturalRouteinHilversum..HilversumisdifferentfrommostoftheNetherlandsinthat.A.ithasalargepopulation B.itiscutofffrombigcitiesC.ithasmanybeautifulgardens D.itisinahillyareawithsandysoil.WhatwasthegreatestcontributionoftheBrenninkmeijerstoHilversum?A.BuildingarailwaylinktoAmsterdam.B.Helpingitstextileindustrytodevelop.C.Constructinglargevillasforthepoor.D.Assistingitsagriculturalindustry.3.ThebeginningofthemediaindustryinHilversumwasmarkedbytheestablishmentof.A.aradiofactoryB.themedialcapitalC.aradiostationD.aTVstation4.WhatisknownaboutW.M.Dudok,sHilversumTownHall?A.Itconsistsofapproximately75buildings.B.Itlookslikeanopenairmuseuminthecity.C.Itisaclassicexampleinarchitecturetextbooks.D.Ithasshapedmostof20thcenturyHilversum.3、TheUniversityofBirminghamisthefirstexcellentUKRussellGroupuniversitytoannouncethatitwillacceptthe"Gaokao"examforhigh-flyingChinesestudentswishingtojoinits.undergraduatecoursesin2019.Highschoolstudentswhocompletethe"NationalHigherEducationEntranceExamination",orGaokao,withtopgradeswillbeabletoapplyfordirectentryontoBirminghamdegreeprogrammeswithoutfirstcompletingafoundationyearwhichisaroutineforthefreshman.Gaokaoisusuallytakenbystudentsintheirlastyearofseniorhighschooland,everyyear,eachprovinceinChinasetsthegradesrequiredtogainadmissiontoitsuniversities.ItisusuallyheldacrossChinainearlyJune.StudentsaretestedinChinese,Mathematics,aForeignLanguageandsocialsciencesornaturalsciences.UniversityofBirminghamVice-ChancellorProfessorSirDavidEastwoodsaid:"TheUniversityofBirminghamhasbeenchallenginganddevelopinggreatmindsformorethanacentury.WewelcomepeoplefromaroundtheglobetostudyatBirminghamandChinesestudentsformanintegralpartofoureducationandresearchcommunity.WearefurtheropeningaccesstoBirmingham'swealthofeducationopportunitiesforthebrightestandmostdedicatedChinesestudentsbyacceptingthisstrictandimportantqualification.Ilookforwardtowelcomingthesehigh-flyingstudentstotheUniversityofBirmingham."GaokaoisincreasinglyacceptedbyuniversitiesinAustralia,theUSA,CanadaandmainlandEurope.Birminghamwillonlybeconsideringhighqualitystudentswhoachieveaminimum80%GaokaoscoreandmeetadditionalacademicandEnglishlanguagerequirements.ProfessorJonFrampton,DirectoroftheUniversityofBirmingham'sChinaInstitutesaid:"TheUniversityofBirminghamhasalonghistoryofeducatingstudentsfromChinaandoneofourmostfamousgraduatesisLiSiguang-thefoundingfatherofChinesegeology.IamdelightedthattheUniversityisnowacceptingtheGaokao.ThisgivesthebrightestandbestChinesestudentsanopportunitytomovestraightintothefirstyearofourundergraduateprogrammesandexperiencethebenefitsofstudyingataglobalTop100university,suchasBirmingham."l.WhatdoChinesestudentshavetodotoentertheUniversityofBirminghambefore2019?A.Gothroughafoundationyear.B.PrepareBirminghamdegreeprogrammes.C.Acquiretherighttopermanentresidency.D.Scoreover800%oftheuniversity'squalificationexamination..Whoistheannouncementintendedfor?A.TheforeignstudentsinChina.B.AllpeoplelivingintheUK.C.ThestudentsoftheUK.D.Chinesestudents..Whichofthefollowingbestexplains"integral"underlinedinparagraph3?A.Complete.B.Necessary.C.Indifferent.D.Unimportant..Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?A.Theintroductiontothe"Gaokao"ofChina.B.ThehistoryoftheUniversityofBirmingham.C.Thehighqualitystudentsacceptedbytopuniversities.D.TheUniversityofBirmingham'sadmissiontoGaokao.4、HowdidtheancientChinesekeepfoodwarminwinter?Facilitieslikeelectricricecookers,microwaves,andelectrickettles,makeiteasyforpeopletokeepfoodwarmandenjoyacomfortablewinter.SohowdidChinesepeopleinancienttimeskeepfoodwarminwinterwithoutthese?Infact,ancientChinesepeopleusedtheirownmethodsofheatpreservationasearlyastheShangandZhoudynasties.“WenDing”,ancientricecookerOneofthemajorfunctionsofanelectricricecookeristokeepfoodwarm.The“WenDing”，anancientcookingcontainer,servedthesamepurpose,butinsteadofusingelectricenergy,theancientcookingcontainerpreservedheatbyburningfuelslikecharcoal.The“WenDing”unearthedinNanjingin1989isthoughttobetheoldestofitskinddiscoveredinChina,datingbacktotheStoneAge,Thecraftsmanshipofmakingthe“WenDing”wasdevelopedintheBronzeAge.ThebronzeDingfromShangandZhoudynastiestookondifferentshapesandstructures.“RanLU”，ancientsmallhotpotThe“RanLU”isasmallsizecookingvessel(器皿)madeofbronze,whichcanbedividedintothreeparts.Acharcoalstoveformsthemainstructure,withabottomtraytoholdcharcoalashes,andamovablecupatthetop.Someexpertshaveconcludedthatthevessel,sstructuresuggestsitmayhavebeenusedasasmallhotpotandthatthesevesselsbecamepopularintheWarringStatesPeriod(475—221BC)BronzeYou,ancientkettleTheBronzeYouwasoneofthemostcommonwinecontainersduringtheShangandZhoudynasties.TheBronzeYoucanalsobeusedtowarmwine.Forexample,theBronzeYouwithbeastmaskdesign,unearthedinJiangxiprovince,hasanopeningwherecharcoalscouldbeplaced.Justaspeopletodaycan,tdowithoutanelectrickettle,theBronzeYouallowedpeopletoenjoyahotdrink.BronzeYan,ancientsteamerAlthoughthe“WenDing”waseffectiveatkeepingfoodwarm,theancientChinesepeoplelaterfoundthatitsburningproducedpollution.Asaresult,theBronzeYanwasmadewithatwo-tierstructureandusedtosteamriceandothergrains.AftertheEasternHanDynasty（AD25-AD220）,furtherimprovementstotheBronzeYanledtothemodern-daysteamer.1.Whendidthe“RanLU”becomepopular?A.IntheZhouDynasty B.IntheWarringStatesPeriodC.IntheEasternHandynasty D.IntheStoneAge.TheBronzeYou,unearthedinJiangxiprovince,hasanopeningto.A.storewine B.pourwater C.placecharcoalsD.holdcharcoalashes.WhatistheuniqueadvantageoftheBronzeYan?A.Itiswarm B.ItisconvenientC.Itisenvironment-friendlyD.Itisuseful.Amongthefollowingproducts,whichonemayhavethelongesthistory?A.The“WenDing”.B.The“RanLU”.C.TheBronzeYouD.TheBronzeYan5、EachtimeChineseNewYearisapproaching,preparationsareunderwayaroundtheworld.HerearesomeChinatownsforthoseoutsideofChinawishingtomarktheday.LondonAlthoughitmaynotbeaslargeoraslong-builtasothers,havingonlybecomeacenterfortheChinesecommunityduringthe1950s,London,sChinatownisaperfectlyformedlittlefireworkthatknowshowtoseeintheyearwithabang.Decoratedwithredlanterns（灯笼）,previousyearshaveseenshowswithacrobatics（杂技）,martialarts（武术）,danceandoperanearby.SanFranciscoSanFrancisco,sChinatownisperhapsthemostfamousintheUnitedStates.Thecitywasthemainentry-pointforChinesewhohadcrossedthePacifictotheUSAduringtheearly19thcentury.BetweentheGrantAvenueandtheStocktonStreet,thishistoricareaisalocaltreasure,attractingmorevisitorsperyearthantheGoldenGateBridge.BangkokWithanabout100-year-oldhistory,theThaicapital,sChinatowncontainscomplexstreetsofferingallkindsoftastytreats,clothes,toysandantiques.Sundaymarketdaysaresuchagoodtimetogetthefullatmosphereoftheneighborhood.Theareaisalsoknownforitsgolddealers,whoseshopslinetheroad.MauritiusFoundinPortLouis,thisMauritianChinatownshowstheislandnation,srichmulticulturaldiversity.Establishedintheearlyyearsofthe20thcenturybysettlersfromChina,itstinyshopsandrestaurantsservelocalsandvisitors.DuringtheChineseSpringFestival,themostexcitingsightistheDragonDancesonRueRoyalewhenChinesemusiciansanddancersperformthetraditionalLiondancesthroughthestreets..Accordingtothetext,whichofthefollowinghasthelongesthistory?A.London,sChinatown. B.SanFrancisco,sChinatown.C.Mauritius'sChinatown. D.Bangkok'sChinatown..What’sspecialaboutBangkok,sChinatown?A.ItiscrowdedwithChineserestaurants. B.ItisthemajorentrancefortheChinese.C.Itiswell-knownforitsgoldbusiness. D.Itiswhereyoucanenjoyfireworks.3.IfyouwanttoenjoytheDragonDances,youcangoto.A.RueRoyaleinPortLouis,Mauritius. B.theSundaymarketinBangkok.C.theGrantAvenueinSanFrancisco. D.theChinesecommunityinLondon.6、MoreandmorepeopleinAmericaarecelebratingtheIndianholidayDiwali.DiwaliisHindifor“rowoflights".ItisthemostimportantholidayinIndia.Manypeoplearoundtheworldarebeginningtocelebrateitaswell.TheUnitedStatesisoneoftheplaceswherethefestivalisbecomingmorecommon.DiwalicelebrationscannowbefoundatAmericanlandmarkslikeDisneylandinCaliforniaandNewYorkCity'sTimesSquare.Theyarealsoheldinmanyparksandmuseums.NeetaBhasincreatedtheTimesSquareevent.ShesaidIndianimmigrantshavefoundgreatsuccessinAmerica.But,shesaid,manyAmericansstilldonotknowmuchaboutIndia.So,shedecidedtoact.“Ifeltit'sabouttimethatweshouldtakeIndiatomainstreamAmericaandshowIndia'srichculture,heritage,artsandvarietytotheworld,"shesaid,“andIcouldn'tfindabetterplacethanTimesSquare.”BhasincametotheUnitedStatesfromIndia40yearsago.SheispresidentofASBCommunications,themarketingfirmbehindDiwaliatTimesSquare.Tensofthousandsofpeopleattendtheevent,nowinitsfourthyear.InIndia,Diwaliisafive-dayharvestfestivalheldjustbeforetheHinduNewYear.TheexactdateschangefromyeartoyearbutDiwaliisalwaysinthefall.Celebrationsincludelightingoillampsorcandlescalled“diyas".ADiwalicelebrationwilllightupDisneyCaliforniaAdventureParkinAnaheimthisyear.VisitorscanwatchperformancesoftraditionalIndiandancesandtakepartinaBollywooddanceparty.TheeventispartofaFestivalofHolidaysprogramatthethemeparktoshowculturaltraditionsfromaroundtheworld.TheprogramtakesplaceonNovember10ththroughJanuary7th.SanAntonio,Texas,alsoholdsaDiwalicelebration.Anditisoneofthenation'slargestcelebrations,withmorethan15,000peopleinattendanceeachyear.VisitorscanenjoyIndiandance,foodandfireworks.OrganizersalsoplantofloathundredsoflightedcandlesintheSanAntonioRiver,alongthecity'sfamousRiverWalk.WhichisthemainsymbolintheIndianholidayDiwali?A.Dances. B.Lamps. C.Food. D.Clothes.WhydidNeetaBhasinsetuptheTimesSquareevent?A.TomaketheAmericanculturericher.Tocreateanewbusinessforthefirm.TomakeIndianculturebetterknownintheUS.ToshowtheachievementsofIndianimmigrants.3.WhatdoweknowaboutDiwali?ItisheldinautumninIndia.ItlastsfivedaysinAmerica.Ithasbeenheldfor40yearsinAmerica.IthappensfromNovember10thtoJanuary7thinIndia.4.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?DiwaliismainlycelebratedinDisneyParks.ManyAmericancitiescompetetoholdDiwali.IndianHolidayDiwalilightsupAmerica,too.DiwalihasbecomethemostimportantholidayinIndia.7、Wheneverwetalkaboutholidays,mymotherteasesmysisterandmeabouthowwe“makeoutlikerobbers.”SheisreferringtothefactthatwearehalfJewishandhalfIndian,sowereceivegiftsonboththefestivalsoflights:HanukkahandDiwali.Thoughmymotherteasesus,Idonotmindgettingtwosetsofgifts!Hanukkahiscelebratedonthe25thdayOftheJewishmonth,whichisusuallysometimeinDecember.OnHanukkah,likemostJewishfamilies,welightamenorahandsayaprayereachnight.Wealsosayaspecialprayeronthefirstnight.Afterthat,itisatraditionformysisterandmetodo‘hotandcold’forourhiddenHanukkahgifts.Whenwewalktowardsthegift,ourparentssay'hot’andwhenwewalkfurtheraway,theysay'cold’.WeeachreceiveonepresenteverynightofHanukkah.AnotherpartIlikeaboutthisholidayisseeingfamilymemberswhowedonotseeoften.Myauntusuallystaysforafewdays,andwesometimesvisitotherrelatives.Diwaliiscelebratedonthe13thdayofthedarkfortnightofthemonthofAshwin(October/November).TocelebrateDiwali,myfamilydoesapooja,orprayers,inhonorofthegoddessLakshmi.Sincesheisthegoddessofwealthandprosperity,thepoojaincludeswashingsilvercoinsinmilkandwater.InIndia,peopledecoratetheirhouseswithlamps,similartothewayyoumightlightupyourhouseforChristmas.Myfamilyjustplacesafewcandlesoutside.Wealsosetofffirecrackers,whichismyfavoritepart.Weoftendothisactivitywithfriendstoaddtotheexcitement.Bothholidayshavedifferenthistoriesandstories.Wecelebratethetaindifferentways,yettheybothhavethesamemeaning.TheybothtranslateintoFestivalofLights.andtheybothmeanfamilyandpresentsforme!.WhydoestheauthorreceivegiftsonbothHanukkahandDiwali?A.Becausehelivesinarichfamily.B.Becausehelivesintwodifferentcountries.C.BecausehisParentslikecelebratingtheirdifferentcultures.D.BecausehisParentslikespendingmoneybuyinggiftsforthem..WhatdoestheUnderlinedphrase“hotandcold”inParagraph2referto?A.AkindofHanukkah,game.B.AkindofHanukkahgift.C.Acanoffestivaldrink.D.Ariddlewrittenonlights..WecanlearnfromthetextthatHanukkahandDiwali.A.sharethesamehistoryandcultureB.arecelebratedbybothJewsandIndiansC.arebothrelatedtothelegendoflightsD.encouragethefamiliestodotheirprayers.Whatistheauthor,sattitudetowardsHanukkahandDiwali?A.Sheenjoyscelebratingbothofthem.B.Shedoesmindspendingthem.C.ShelikesHanukkahbetter.D.ShelikesDiwalibetter.8、TraditionalChinesemedicine（TCM）isgainingglobalpopularity.Accordingtoagovernmentwhitepaper,TCMhasbeenintroducedin183countriesandregionsaroundtheworld.Westerners,understandingofTCM,however,maybelimitedtoacupuncture,cuppingandmassage针灸，拔罐和按摩）.Forinstance,thepurple,injury-likemarksleftonU.S.swimmerMichaelPhelps,backfromcuppingforthepurposeofrelaxinghismusclesandreducingpainbecamethecenterofattentionduringtheRioOlympicsin2016.Asamatteroffact,ChineseherbsplayamoreimportantroleingettingridofdiseasesandkeepingthebodyingoodconditionintheTCMtreatmentsystemthanphysicaltreatment.Itisthereforedishearteningtoknowthatwhile103WorldHealthOrganizationmembercountrieshavegivenapprovaltothepracticeofacupuncture,notmanyrecognizeChineseherbalmedicine.TCMfallsfarbehindWesternmedicineowingpartlytotheslowdevelopmentofChineseherbs.Herbsaremadeintopills,powderandsoup,andthekindofherbsused,theirqualityandquantity,andtheprocessingoftheingredients（原材料）jointlydeterminetheeffectivenessoftheprescription.ComparedwithWesternmedicine,whichhasstandardizeddrugproductionprocessesandtreatmentmethods,TCMlacksstandardization,withthechemicalcompositionandfunctionsofitsmedicinesbeingunclearandtheireffectsbeingunstable.Fortunately,standardizationhasimprovedinrecentdecades,withanincreasingnumberoffactoriesproducingpatentedTCMdrugs.AnotherfactorthathaspreventedthedevelopmentofTCMprescriptiondrugsisthelackofcreativity.WhileWesternmedicine-makingcompaniescomeupwithnewproductseveryyear,TCMdrugproducerstendtomakemedicinesaccordingtoprescriptionshandeddownfromthepast.ChinesechemistTuYouyou,swinningthe2015NobelPrizeinPhysiologyorMedicineforherresearchintomalaria（疟疾）treatmentmaydrivecreativitytosomeextentinChina,sTCMindustry.However,thecurrentstateofaffairscannotbechangedwithinashorttime..WhydoestheauthormentiontheexampleofMichaelPhelps?A.Becausehewasinjuredinhisswimming.B.BecausecuppingisakindofimportantTCMtreatment.C.BecausewesternersknowalittleaboutTCM.D.BecausewesternersattachgreatimportancetoTCM..Whydon,tsomemembercountriesofWHOrecognizeChineseherbalmedicine?A.BecauseChineseherbscangetridofdiseases..Becausetheyonlyapprovethepracticeofacupuncture.C.BecauseWesternmedicineismoreeffective.D.BecausemedicinemadeoutofChineseherbsdevelopsslowly..ComparedwithWesternmedicine,whatistheweakpointofTCMinParagraph4?A.Themethodsofplantingherbs.B.Theeffectivenessofprescription.C.Lackinginstandardization.D.Itsstablefunctions..ThelackofcreativityinTCMreferstothefactthat.A.medicine-makingcompanieslackcreativityB.prescriptionsaregotfromthepastC.WesterncompaniesaremoreexperiencedD.medicine-makingcompanieslackdrivingforce答案以及解析1答案及解析：答案：1.B;2.A;3.D;4.D解析：1.细节理解题。答案定位在第三段叮卜©exhibitionhadrecordattendance,showingthatthereishugeinterestinChineseinfluences."（此次展览吸引的参观者人数创下了记录，显示出人们对中国影响的浓厚兴趣。）由此可知,纽约的展览吸引了许多参观者，故选B。.细节理解题。答案定位在第四段"Chinesemodelsarethefacesofbeautyandfashioncampaignsthatselldreamstowomenallovertheworld,whichmeansChin