高中英语必修四第四单元-Bodylanguage-Reading

Unit4

Bodylanguage

Reading

1Whatisbodylanguage？

◆Bodylanguageisactions.

◆Bodylanguageisusedtoexpressyourself,andcommunicateideas.◆Bodylanguagegoeswithnowords.◆Bodylanguageisactionsthatcancommunicateideaswithoutuseofwords.2Tocommunicatewitheachother.Howcanyoucommunicatewithsomeoneifyoucannotspeak?Giveanexample.Whatdoyouthinkisthepurposeoflanguage?

Pre-reading

3Oneformofcommunicationwithoutusinganywords.gesturepostureDefinitionofBodyLanguage4eye

contactfacial

expression5Whatdopeopleindifferentcountries

usuallydowhenmeeting?Japan:bowChina,Britain:handshake6Somewesterncountries:hugRussia,France,Arab:kiss7

ReadingCOMMUNICATION:NOPROBLEM?8SkimmingHowmanyinternationalstudentsarethereinthestory?Whoaretheyandwheredo

theycomefrom?SixSkimthetextandanswerthefollowingquestions.9

Whoaretheyandwheredotheycomefrom?

TonyGarciaJuliaSmithAkiraNagataGeorgeCookAhmedAzizDarleneCoulon

ColombiaBritainJapanCanadaJordan

France10NameDescriptionBodyLanguageToWhomTonyGarciaeveryoneno

touchingman

from

JapanmanfromColombiakissonthecheekbowingeveryoneeveryoneJulia

SmithAkiraNagatawomanfromBritainCompletethechart.11NameDescriptionBodyLanguageToWhomGeorge

Cookto

men

to

womenshakehands

andkisstwiceoneachcheekmanfromCanadashakinghandsshakinghandsnoddingAhmedAzizDarleneCoulonman

fromJordaneveryonewoman

from

Francepeople

she

knows12Whilereading,pleasetrytodividethewholepassageintofourpartsandmatchthemainidea.

Part1.(para.1)Part2(para.2&3)Part3.(para.4)Part4.(para.5)D

TomeettheinternationalstudentsattheCapitalInternationalAirport.

Tointroducethestudentstoeachotherandexplaintheirdifferentwaysofgreeting.BToexplaindifferentcultural“bodylanguage”insomecountries.CSummaryofbodylanguage.AScanning13Ittellsusabouttheimportanceandnecessityofbodylanguageanditsdifferencesbetweendifferentcultures.Themainideaofthewholetext:14When:__________________________Who:____________________________________________________________________Where:_______________________________Whattodo:__________________________________________________________________________________________________________yesterdayanotherstudentandI,theCapitalInternationalAirportthisyear’sinternationalstudentsWewouldtakethemfirsttotheirdormitoriesandthentothestudentcanteen.Detailedreading:Para115FindoutthetwoculturalmistakesinPara2TonyGarciaJuliaSmithThefirstmistake(Colombia)(Britain)HeapproachedJulia,______________________and_______heronthe________.She______________appearing_________andputupherhands,asif__________.shouldertouchedherkissedcheeksteppedbacksurprisedindefenceThesecondmistakeAkiraNagata(Japan)GeorgeCook(Canada)He________hishand________totheJapanesestudent.He________sohisnose________George’s_______________.bowedtouchedmovinghandreached

outReaditaloudbyyourself.161.HowdomenfromMuslimcountriesgreetothers?2.

Istheauthormaleorfemale?Howdoyouknow?3.HowdidTonyandDarlenegreeteachother?Para3:Theyshookhandsandthenkissedeachothertwiceoneachcheek,andthisistheFrenchcustomwhenadults

meetpeopletheyknow.Tomen:Towomen:standclose,andshakehandsnodMale.BecauseAhmed

Azizonlyshakeshandswithmen.

Listentothetape.17Peopleinthecountry/area

WaystogreeteachotherEnglishpeoplePeoplefromSpain,ItalyandSouthAmericancountriesJapaneseMostpeoplearoundtheworld_________otherscloselyandaremorelikelyto__________.Donotstand_________toothersortouch________whentheymeet.

BowShakehandsFillinthetableaccordingtoPara4:Readittogether.veryclosestrangersApproachtouchthem181.Mr.GarciakissedMissJuliaSmithbecausetheyhaveknowneachotherwell.2.GeorgeCookreacheshishandoutinordertoshakehandswiththeJapanese.3.Allculturesdon’tgreeteachthesameway.F

Trueorfalse?TT

194.WhenaJapanesebowstoyou,heisapologizingtoyouforwhathehasdone.5.Frenchpeople,liketheEnglish,willkeepacertaindistancefromothers.6.MenfromallMuslincountrieswillnotshakehandswithwomen.F

FF

207.Fromthepassagewecanseewesternculturesarebetterthaneasterncultures.8.It’snecessarytostudybodylanguagebecauseithelpsustogetbetterunderstandingamongpeoplefromdifferentcultures.FT

21______languageis__________fromcultureto________.Notall________ofaculture________inthe______way.Ingeneral,_________internationalcustomscancertainlyhelp________difficultiesintheculturalcommunication.Writeasummaryabout30words.Bodydifferentculturemembersbehavesame

studyingavoidSummary22Bodylanguageisveryimportantinourdailylife,anditmayvaryfromdifferentcultures.Whenwearevisitingothercountries,weshouldfollowtheircustoms.Thatistosay,_________________________.WheninRome,doastheRomansdo.入乡随俗Whatcanyoulearnfromthispassage?23LanguagePoints24

Yesterday,anotherstudentandI,__________(represent)ouruniversity'sstudentassociation,wenttotheCapitalInternationalAirporttomeetthisyear'sinternationalstudents.TheywerecomingtostudyatBeijingUniversity.Wewouldtakethemfirsttotheirdormitoriesandthentothestudentcanteen.Afterhalfanhourof____(wait)

fortheirflighttoarrive,Isawseveralyoungpeople______(enter)the______(wait)area______(look)around________(curious).Istoodforaminute_______(watch)themandthen_______(go)togreetthem.representingwaitingenterwaitinglookingcuriouslywatchingwent251)represent

动词,“代表”Tobechosentorepresenttheircountryisthehighesthonorformostathletes.能被选拔出来代表国家参赛,是多数运动员的最高荣誉。representation

n.

代表;表现;描写representative

adj．有代表性的;典型的他唯一的目标是代表英国参加奥运会。

HisonlyaimistorepresentBritainattheOlympics262)association

n.“协会;社团Doyoubelongtoanyprofessionalassociation?你属于哪个专业学会?HeisamemberoftheAssociationofUniversityTeachers.他是大学教师联合会的一名成员。associate

v．

把……联系起来;由273)curious

adj.

好奇的;有求知欲的;奇怪的curiosity

n.

好奇心outof

curiosity

出于好奇be

curious

about

sth

对某事感到好奇be

curious

to

do

sth

很想做某事;渴望做某事28

昨天我代表东江中学去迎接英国的一个社团到我们学校

交流，出于好奇我们靠近他们，但同时由于潜意识地保护自己，我们出现了主要的误会。这是真实发生的。representgreetassociationcommunicatecuriosityapproachdefendmajormisunderstandingtrulyededed29

模仿课文第一段翻译下列句子

昨天，我和另一个同学代表我们学校的学生会去河源火车站迎接今年的国际学生。他们来东江中学学习。我们会首先把他们带到宿舍，然后去饭堂。30

1．representvt.代表；

2．greetvi.&vt.迎接；

3．associationn．社团；联系；联想

4．communicatev.交流

5．curiousadj.好奇的

6．approachvt.&vi.接受；靠近

7.defendvt.保护；保卫

8．majoradj.主要的

9．misunderstandingn.误解；误会31

Thefirstperson______(arrive)wasTonyGarciafromColombia,closely______(follow)byJuliaSmithfromBritain.AfterI_____(meet)themandthenintroducedthemtoeachother,I_______(surprise).TonyapproachedJulia,_____(touch)hershoulderandkissedheronthecheek!toarrivefollowedmetwassurprisedtouched321.靠近approachv.WhenIapproached,theygrewsilent...当我走近时，他们就不说话了Weturnedtoseetheapproachingcarslowdown.我们转身看见驶近的车慢慢停下。2.n.通往…的路anapproachto…

方法anapproachtodoingsth.332.n.

方法;步骤;通路;通道Theapproachtothehousewasanarrowpath.通往这房子的路是一条狭窄的小径。Thebest

approachtolearnaforeignlanguageisthestudyofthespokenlanguage.学习外语的最好的途径是学口语。Wewillbeexploringdifferentapproachestogatheringinformation.我们将探索收集信息的不同方法。Thesummeris

approaching.

夏季即将来临。34touch

vt.

触摸,接触,触及,轻触Itoldyounottotouchmythings.touchsb./sth.(withsth.)感动(某人)触动某人(某人的感情)Hermiserableexperiencetouchedusalldeeply/touchedourheartswithsorrow.她经历很不幸,我们深受感动/我们都很伤心。35

n.

接触,联系

get/keepintouchwithsb.

与……取得/保持联系be

in/outof~（withsb.)

与……有/无联系We’vebeenout

of

roducesb.tosb.

把某人介绍给某人

o…

采用;引进36Potatoeswerefirst

introducedintoEuropefromSouthAroductionn.

aletterof~

介绍信makeaself-introduction

作自我介绍make~toeachother互相介绍YaoMingisapersonneedsno~.37

5.apologizev.道歉,认错

apologize

tosb.forsth./doingsth.Heapologizedtoherfornotgoingtoherparty.他因为没有出席她举行的宴会而向她表示歉意。

apologyn.makean

apology

tosb.for(doing)sth.accept/refusean

apology38Shesteppedback___________(appear)surprisedandputupherhands,asif____defence.Iguessedthattherewasprobablyamajormisunderstanding.ThenAkiraNagatafromJapancamein______(smile),togetherwithGeorgeCookfromCanada.Asthey_________(introduce),GeorgereachedhishandouttotheJapanesestudent.Justatthatmoment,however,AkirabowedsohisnosetouchedGeorge'smovinghand.Theybothapologized-anotherculturalmistake!appearinginindefence保卫，防御，为保卫…smilingwereintroduced

39Thesolidersdied_________________(为保卫国家）defend…against保护…不受…，防御

他们竭尽全力抵御敌人。Theytriedtodefendthemselvesagainsttheenemy.indefenceoftheircountry40not

…nor

既不……又不……

notall连用形成部分否定Not

allculturesgreeteachotherthesameway,

nor

aretheycomfortable

inthesamewaywith

touchingordistancebetweenpeople.各种文化背景下的人相互问候的方式不尽相同,身体接触和相互间距的程度也不尽相同。41notall/allnot表部分否定Notallthechildrenarenaughty.=Allthechildrenarenotnaughty拓展every…not=notevery并非每个

both…not=notboth

并非两个都表全部否定：noone，none（对all/every等的全部否定eg：Noneofthestudentswasabsentthismorning.both两者之间，否定时用neither42nor/neither+助/情态/系（be）+主语

也不，否定副词,常置于句首，要倒装其后的谓语取决于前面的动词若前面的谓语动词为实义动词→do/does/did助动词→助动词情态动词→情态动词系be→系beIdon’tlikeher,nor/neitherdoesLily.Iamnotanurse,nor/neitherisLily.43Inthesamewaythat

people

communicatewithspokenlanguage,theyalso

express

theirfeelingsusingunspoken

“language”throughkeepingphysicaldistance,actionsorposture.1)that引导的是方式定语从句。

Thewaythat/inwhich/或不用关联词。2)using引导的是状语,v-ing做状语。44expressvt.(用语言,神色,动作等)表达,表示(感情,意见)你对我的帮助,我感激不尽。

Ican’texpresstoyouhowgratefulIamforyourhelp.express

oneself

(清楚地)表达自己的意思他仍然不能用英语表达自己的意思。HeisstillunabletoexpresshimselfinEnglish.45express

n.快车(=expresstrain)The8amexpresstoBeijing.(邮局,铁路,公路等部门提供的)速递,速运sendgoodsbyexpress

特快货运expression

n.

表达,表情

ahappyexpression

愉快的神情FederalExpress46belikelyto很可能；有希望Eg:Thetrainislikelytobelate.

火车有可能晚点。Eg:Sheis

themostlikelytowintheprize.

她最有可能获奖。常用句型：sb./sth.islikelytodosth.Itislikelythat…很可能47她今晚很可能给我打电话It'sverylikelythatshe'llringmetonight=Sheisverylikelytoringmetonight注：likely的主语既可以是人也可是物，英语几乎不能说:it’slikelytodosth.特例：Itislikelytorain.(句子中的it是天气,并不是形式主语。)Itispossible(forsb)todo...48辨析:possible,likely,probable1)possible作形容词意为“有可能的”,在三个词中语气最弱,强调客观上有可能性,但常常有“实际希望很小”的暗示,在句中作表语和定语,通常情况下不能用人作主语,而以事物作主语。一般用it作形式主语,构成It’spossiblethat...或Itispossible(forsb)todo...句型。492)likely既可作形容词又可作副词用,意为“很可能发生的”,它侧重于从表面看来某事很有可能发生,与probable意思接近,有时二者可以通用,含义区别也不大。它的主语可以指人,也可以指一件事，其后可以接不定式,sb./sth.islikelytodosth.

也可用于Itislikelythat...

结构中。503)probable作形容词意为“可能发生的”、“有可能成为现实的”,表示事情十有八九要发生,在三个词中语气最强。常用作表语或定语,也不能用指人的词作主语,

可以表示事物的词作主语。通常也用it作形式主语,其后接that从句,构成“Itisprobablethat...”句型。可能性：possible＜likely＜probable51eg：Newdriversarefarmore_____tohaveaccidentsthanexperienceddrivers.2.Don’tworry.Heis______togetintouchwithyou.3.Couldyou_______openthatwindowforme?(表示委婉请求)likelylikelypossibly52general

1)adj.

普遍的,全面的

Amatterof~concern/interest

普遍(公众)关心/感兴趣的事情

2)总的,整体的

generalideaofthepassageIngeneral

大体上,通常,总的来讲

Ingeneral,heisagoodguy.53generallyspeaking

一般而言；概括地说franklyspeaking坦白地说honestlyspeaking老实说avoid

vt.避开,避免

avoid(sth/doing)我认为她在避开我。Ithinksheisavoidingme.avoidableadj.Itisunavoidabletomakemistakesinourlife.54

Itisa_______problemparkingyourcarinBeijing.2.IsthatWangLi’sfriendfromWuxi?I’dlikehimto_________hertome.majorintroduceCompletethefollowingsentenceswiththewordsandexpressionsfromthereading.553.AsmyEnglishvocabularyisverylimited,veryoftenIexpressmymeaningwiththehelpof________________.4.Thereisasayingthat_______speaklouderthanwords.5.Blindpeoplehavetounderstandpeople’sfeelingsthrough_______language.

body

languageactionsspoken566.Althoughblindpeoplearenot__________understandyourbodylanguage,theycanstillusebodylanguageto_________theirownideas.7.Whenyou___________blindpeople,theycannottelliftheyknowyouuntilyoubegintospeak.

likely

toexpressapproach578.Iamalways_______abouthowhe_______bumpingintoothersorfallingdownwhilewalkingonthestreet.9.The________opinionisthatthe______governmentshouldtakeactionstohelptheblindpeople10.In________,itisbetternottokisssomebodyyoudon’tknowasyoumaysurprisethem.11.Myleaderwantsmeto___________heratthemeeting.curiousavoidsgenerallocalgeneralrepresent58Homework

Copydownthenewwords.2.Finishtheexercisesonpages28and29.Payattentiontotheusefulwords,expressionsandstructures.59模仿课文第一段翻译下列句子昨天，我和另一个同学代表我们学校的学生会去河源火车站迎接今年的国际学生。他们来东江中学学习。我们会首先把他们带到宿舍，然后去饭堂。60Translation当我走进时，他们就不说话了。她经历很不幸,我们深受感动这条小路是通往那座房子的。

夏季即将来临。土豆最早是由南美洲传入欧洲的。他因为没有出席她举行的宴会而向她表示歉意。611.WhenIapproached,theygrewsilent.

2.Hermiserableexperiencetouchedusdeeply.

3.Thepathisapproachtothehouse.

4.Thesummerisapproaching.

5.PotatoeswerefirstintroducedintoEuropefromSouthAmerica.

6.Heapologizedtoherfornotgoingtoherparty.

6263状语是用于说明地点、时间、原因、目的、结果、条件、方向、程度、方式和伴随状况等的一种句法成份。修饰动词、形容词、副词以及全句的句子成份叫状语。64The–ingformastheAttributiveandAdverbialGrammar65

Yesterday,anotherstudentandI,representingouruniversity'sstudentassociation,wenttotheCapitalInternationalAirporttomeetthisyear'sinternationalstudents.TheywerecomingtostudyatBeijingUniversity.Wewouldtakethemfirsttotheirdormitoriesandthentothestudentcanteen.Afterhalfanhourofwaiting

fortheirflighttoarrive,Isawseveralyoungpeopleenterthewaitingarealookingaroundcuriously.Istoodforaminutewatchingthemandthengotogreetthem.66Shesteppedbackappearingsurprisedandputupherhands,asifindefence.Iguessedthattherewasprobablyamajormisunderstanding.ThenAkiraNagatafromJapancameinsmiling,togetherwithGeorgeCookfromCanada.Astheyintroduced,GeorgereachedhishandouttotheJapanesestudent.Justatthatmoment,however,AkirabowedsohisnosetouchedGeorge'smovinghand.Theybothapologized-anotherculturalmistake!67V-ing形式V-ing形式由“do＋ing”构成,其否定形式是“notdoing”,V-ing可以带宾语或状语构成V-ing短语,没有人称和数的变化,但有时态和语态的变化。68现在分词作定语,当分词单独做定语时,放在所修饰的名词前,说明其修饰名词的性质或特征,表示供作…之用”和“…的”。现在分词作定语awalking

stick(astickusedforwalking)drinking

water(waterfordrinking)a

waiting

room(aroomforwaiting)

working

peoplethe

rising

sun69动词-ing形式是短语,应放在所修饰的名词后,相当于一个定语从句。Theyarevisitorscomingfromseveralcountries.whocomefromseveralcountries.ThreedayslaterIreceivedaletteroffering

methejob.whichofferedmethejob.Thegirlstanding

thereismyclassmate.whostandsthere70Exercise:1.____dogsseldombite.BarkB.TobarkC.BarkedD.Barking2.Thewolfspokeina_____voiceandMr.

Dongguofelt______.frightening;frightenedB.frightened;frightenedC.frighten;frighteningD.frightening;frighteningDA713.It’spleasuretowatchthefaceofa____baby.A.asleepB.sleepC.sleepingD.slept4.The____buildingsshowedusthatanearthquakewascoming.A.shakingB.shookC.shakenD.shake5.Thehotel______nowbesidetheparkwasdesignedbyagroupofyoungmen.A.tobebuiltB.beingbuiltC.builtD.buildingCAB726.WhenthefirstsettlersarrivedintheNewWorld,theIndians_______jewellerymadeofanimalbonesgreetedthemwarmly.A.wearingB.towearC.wornD.havingworn7.Doyouknowtheboy_______theretalkingtoyoursister?A.tobestandingB.stoodC.beingstandingD.standingAD73现在分词作状语现在分词作状语时,分词的逻辑主语必须是句子的主语,分词必须和句中的主语含有逻辑上的主谓关系,否则不能用现在分词作状语。但要注意它的各种形式变化:主动形式被动形式

V-ingbeingV-edhavingV-edhavingbeenV-ed

一般式完成式74e.g.Hearingthebell,thestudentsbegantoentertheclassroom.

听见铃声,学生们开始走进教室。(听见和进入两个动作同时发生)Thebuildingbeingbuiltnowisournewlibrary.现在正在建造的这栋楼房室我们的新图书馆。(beingbuilt为现在分词的被动形式,表示动作正在进行之中)Havingdonethework,hewenthome.

完成了工作,他就回家了。75现在分词在句中作状语,修饰谓语动词或整个句子,表示动作发生的原因、时间、方式、结果、条件、伴随状况等。现在分词一般不用作表目的地状语(通常用不定式表目的地状语)。76Walkinginthestreet,Icameacrossanoldfriendofmine.(=WhenIwaswalkinginthestreet,Icameacrossanoldfriendofmine.)Whilewaitingforthebus,hereadacopyofChinaDaily.(=Whilewaitingforthebus,hereadacopyofChinaDaily.)1)表时间状语772)表原因状语Beingill,hedidn’tgotoschool.(=ashewasill,hedidn’tgotoschool.)Beingastudent,youshouldstudyhard.(=Sinceyouareastudent,youshouldstudyhard.)既然你是一个学生,你就应该努力学习。由于想到它或许在家,所以我就给他打了电话。Thinkinghemightbeathome,Icalledhim.(AsIthoughthemightbeathome,Icalledhim.)78

3)表方式、伴随情况的状语:作伴随状语的分词表示的动作,必须是主语的一个动作,或是与谓语所表示地动作(或状态)同时发生,或是对谓语表示的动词(或状态)作进一步地补充说明。e.g.Hesatonthesofa,watchingTV.(=Hesatonthesofa,andwatchedTV.)79他们笑着谈着走进了教室。_____________________,theywentintotheclassroom.他斜靠(lean)着墙站着。Hestoodleaningagainstthewall.(＝Hestoodandleanedagainstthewall.)Laughingandtalking804)表结果e.g.Hermotherdiedin1990,leavingherwithheryoungerbrother.(=Hermotherdiedin1990,andleftherwithheryoungerbrother.)全国到处在传唱这首歌曲,使它成了一首最受欢迎的歌曲。Thesongissungalloverthecountry,________________________________.makingitthemostpopularsong815)表条件Usingyourhead,youwillfindaway.(=Ifyouuseyourhead,youwillfindaway.)一直往前走,你就会看到一座白色地房子。______________,youwillseeawhitehouse.Walkingahead826)与逻辑主语构成独立主格:

Iwaitingforthebus,abirdfellonmyheard．我等汽车时,一只鸟落到我头上。

Alltheticketshavingbeensoldout,theywentawaydisappointedly.所有的票已经卖光了,他们失望地离开了。

Timepermitting,we'lldoanothertwoexercises.

如果时间允许,我们将做另两个练习。83有时也可用with(without)+名词(代词宾格)+分词形式。Withthelightsburning,hefellasleep.他点着灯睡着了。7)作独立成分:Judgingfrom(by)hisappearance,hemustbeanactor.从外表看,他一定是个演员。84Exercise:1.Theysetout____forthe____boy.A.searching;losingB.searching;lostC.tosearch;lostD.searched;losing2.Thestudentsatthere,____whattodo.A.doesn’tknowingB.didn’tknowingC.notknowD.notknowingBD现在分词的否定式是在一般式和完成式的前面加not(never)853.Hesatthere_____,withhisheadonhishand.A.andthinkB.thinkingC.thoughtD.beingthought4.The____PrimeMinisterexpressedhissatisfactionwithhistalks,___thathehadenjoyedhisstayhere.A.visiting;addB.visited;addingC.visiting;addingD.visited;addedBC865.Inwintersteamcanbeseen______fromwetclothes______nearafire.A.rising,hangingB.rising,tohangC.rise,hangingD.torise,tohang6.Icouldn’tdomyhomeworkwithallthatnoise________.A.goingonB.goesonC.wentonD.togoon7.YesterdayProfessorLireceivedaletterfromoneofhisfriends,________himtowriteanarticle,andheaccepted.A.havinginvitedB.invitedC.tobeinvitedD.inviting

AAD878.Findinghercarstolen,_________.A.apolicemanwasaskedtohelpB.theareawassearchedthoroughlyC.itwaslookedforeverywhereD.shehurriedtoapolicemanforhelp9.________,theboycouldn’tenterhishouse.A.SincethekeyhaslostB.ThekeybeenlostC.LostthekeyD.HavinglostthekeyDD8810.Thesecretaryworkedlateintothenight,_____alongspeechforthepresident.A.toprepare B.preparingC.prepared D.waspre