英语八种大体时态

Isheanengineer?英语八种大体时态一.概念：英语中表示不同时刻发生的动作或存在的状态，需用不同的动词形式表示，这种不同的动词形式称为时态。.种类：（大体时态）一样此刻时 一样过去时此刻进行时 过去进行时一样以后时 过去以后时此刻完成时 过去完成时.用法：.一样此刻时：.1）一样此刻时表示常常发生或适应性的动作或状态及客观现实和普遍真理。一样此刻时常以动词原形表示，但当主语是第三人称单数时，动词词尾加-S或-es。）句型结构：主语+V.（包括be动词）+宾语+...Sheisanengineer.Hehasbreakfastat6:00everyday.3）注意:a）一样此刻时通常与always,often,usually,everyday,sometimes,onceaweek等时刻状语连用。IalwayswatchTVat8:00intheevening.Theygohomeonceaweek.Weusuallydoourhomeworkathome.b）表客观现实或普遍真理。Thesunalwaysrisesintheeast.

Thelighttravelsfasterthanthesound.c）表永久性的动作或状态。Helivesinthecountry.4）第三人称单数转变形式。a）一样情形动词在词尾加-e---comesspeak---speakswork---workslive---livesb）以o,s,x,ch,sh结尾的单词在词后加-es.do---doesgo---goesfinish---finishesbrush---brushesfix---fixespass---passeswatch---watchesc）以“辅音字母+y”结尾的单词变y为i加-es.Study---studiescarry-carriescry---criesd）以“元音字母+y”结尾的单词直接加-s.play---playsstay---stays例句：咱们天天晚上九点做作业。我在早上七点半起床。他天天七点去上班。咱们常常下午打篮球。他喜爰音乐。地球围绕太阳转。火车六点动身。5）否定句和疑问句。a） Heisanengineer. Heisn’tanengineer. Washebusy? Yes,heis./No,heisn't.b)——Wegetupat7:30inthemorning. Wedon'tgetupat7:30inthemorning. Doyougetupat7:30inthemorning? Yes,wedo./No,wedon't.c)——Helikesmusic. Hedoesn'tlikemusic. Doeshelikemusic? Yes,hedoes./No,hedoesn't.2,一样过去时1)一样过去时表示发生在过去的动作或存在的状态，通常与表示过去的时刻状语yesterday,lastnight,someyearsago,in1990,inthosedays.等连用。Iwasastudent6yearsago.IwenttoBeijinglastyear.Theysawafilmlastnight.)句型结构：主语+V.过去时+宾语+...例句：昨天他很忙。去年他抽烟了。两年前他去参军了。他在1990年归天了。)否定句和疑问句。a)——Hewasbusyyesterday. Hewasn'tbusy. Yes,hewas./No,hewasn't.b）——Hesmokedlastyear. Hedidn'tsmokelastyear. Didhesmokelastyear? Yes,hedid./No,hedidn't.c）——Hejoinedthearmyin1990. Hedidn'tjoinedthearmyin1990. Didhejointhearmyin1990? Yes,hedid./No,hedidn't.）动词过去式转变规则。a）一样情形下的词加-ed.work---worked call——called laugh——laughedExplain——explained finish——finished knock——knockedb）以不发音的字母e结尾的单词直接加-d.live——lived change——changed smoke——smoked die——diedgraduate——graduated drive——drovec）以“辅音字母+y”结尾的单词，变y为i加-ed.study——studiedcarry——carriedcry——criedtry——tried marry——marriedd）以“元音字母+y”结尾的单词直接加-ed.play——playedstay——stayede）以“一个元音字母+一个辅音字母”结尾的单词应先双写那个辅音字母然后再加-ed.stop——stopped plan——planned pat——pattedf）动词不规则转变：

do——didgodo——didgo——wentcome——camerun——ranwrite——wrotebegin——begandrink——drankkeep——keptleave——leftsleep——sleptmake——made lie——lay dig——dug eat——ate know——knewcut——cut set——set let——let read——readhurt——hurt例句：我前天拿走了这本书。去年我买了一辆自行车。天天晚上我听音乐。她通常待在家里。两天前我完成了这项工作。温习：I(be)ateacher2yearsago.He(be)astudentnow.He(do)hishomeworkathomeeveryday.They(join)thePartyin1998.We(noteat)applesyesterday.We (notplay)basketballeveryday.He (notgo)homeonceaweek.Iam16years01d.(划线部份提问)Igotoworkat8:00everymorning.(划线部份提问)TheyjoinedthePartyin1990.(划线部份提问)IwenttoBeijinglastyear.(划线部份提问).一样以后时1)表示以后发生的动作或存在的状态，常与表以后的时刻状语tomorrow,thedayaftertomorrow,nextSunday,soon,inafewdays等连用。

2)句型结构：主语+will/shall+V.原形+...(第一人称用shall)IshallgotoShanghaitomorrow.Theywillhaveameetingnextweek.——Shewillbe20yearsold.——Willshebe20yearsold?——Yes,shewill./No,shewon't.3)主语+will/shall+V.原形+…be(am,is,are)goingtoTheywillhaveameetingnextSunday.(will=aregoingto)——WhatwilltheydonextSunday?——Whenwilltheyhaveameeting?)beaboutto+V.原形Iamabouttoleaveschool.不能与表示时刻的副词连用。Theyareabouttosetout.(V)Theyareabouttosetoutsoon.(x)温习题：(do)hishomeworkatschooleveryday.(finish)theirworkyesterday.(visit)theirfarmnextyear..我半小时后要吃午饭。.他将骑自行车去学校。6他们下周日将去买汽车。

4.过去以后时i)过去以后时是立足于过去某时，从过去的观点看将要发生的动作或状态。要紧用于宾语从句中。2)大体结构：主语+would/shouldwas/weregoingto+V原形+...Hesaidthathewouldhaveameetingnextweek.(Hesaysthathewillnaveameetingnextweek.)Theysaidweshouldleaveschooltomorrow.(Theysayweshallleaveschooltomorrow.)5|.此刻进行时1)此刻进行时表示此刻或此刻这段时刻正在进行的动作。通常与now,atpresent等时刻状语连用。2)大体结构：主语+be(am,is,are)+v-ing+…Youarelisteningtomecarefullynow.Sheiswritingaletterthisyear.Look!Theyaredancing.WearestudyingEnglishatpresent.It’sraininghardnow.3)动词此刻分词的组成①一样动词直接在词后加-ingdo-doingread-readingwork-workingthink-thinkingstudy-studyinggo-goingwatch-watchingjump-jumping②以不发音的字母e结尾的动词，应先去掉e然后加-ing

like-likingtake-takingleave-leavinglive-livingreceive-receivingdance-dancingcome-comingsmoke-smokingwrite-writing③以“一个元音字母+一个辅音字母”结尾的动词，应先双写那个辅音字母然后再力Ringstop-stoppingbegin-beginningdig-diggingswim-swimmingrun-runningsit-sitting(注意：listen-listeningopen-openingeat-eatingrain-rainingsleep-sleeping)4)6.过去进行时1)表示过去某一时刻或某时期时刻正在进行的动作，通常与at6:00yesterday,atthis/thattimeyesterday,when引导的时刻状语等连用。2)大体结构主语+be(was/were)+v-ing+…Itwasrainingat7:00thedaybeforeyesterday.Theywerebuildingareservoiratthistimelastwinter.Wewerereadingwhentheteachercamein.Weweren’treading...Wereyoureading.Whatwereyoudoingwhentheteachercamein.3)例句1.前天那个时候Tom正在看电影。

.上周日四点咱们正在游泳。.师看见咱们时咱们正在玩扑克。I(do)myhomeworkyesterday.He(do)hishomeworkat5:00yesterday.He(do)hishomeworknow.此刻完成时1）1.表示过去发生的动作对此刻造成的阻碍2.表示过去某时刻已经开始一直持续到此刻的动作或状态通常与下列时刻状语连用uptonow,inthepast,recently,by...,for5years,since1994,sofar,already,yet,ever,just...2)大体结构主语+have/has+(动词过去分词)I’vefinishedthiswork.HehaseverbeentoAustralia.Ihavenotheardfromherrecently.Ihavealreadyreadthisbook.Haveyouread...?Yes,Ihave.No,Ihaven’t.Whathaveyouread?3）过去分词的组成（规则转变同过去式的组成）不规则转变如下dodiddonegowentgone

eatateeatencomecamecomehavehadhadwritewrotewrittenbewas/werebeenseesawseenhearheardheardswimswamswumdrinkdrankdrunkgivegavegivenforgetforgotforgottentaketooktakenkeepkeptkeptsleepsleptsleptteachtaughttaughtbuyboughtboughttelltoldtoldmakemademadecutcutcuthurthurthurtreadreadreadletletlet4）注意

.含有终止意义或暂短意义的动词不能与for,since引导的一样时刻状语连用。(buy,begin,die,come,go,join,leave等)Ihaveboughtabook.Ihaveboughtabookfor3day.(wrong)Ihavehadabookfor3years.Hehavejoinedthearmyfor3years.(wrong)Hehasbeeninthearmyfor3years.Hejoinedthearmy3yearsago.Hehasbeendeadfor3years.Hedied2yearsago.Itis2yearssincehedied.Hehasdiedfor2years.(wrong)HehasgonetoAustralia.HehasbeentoAustralia..此刻完成时与一样过去时的区别(时刻状语的区别)I―(hear)formherrecently/yesterday..例句：他已经阅读了这本书。咱们到目前为止已学习了两千个单词。他们居住在中国三年了。他看这部电影两次了。Bob自从1997年在这所学校教学。.过去完成时

1）表示动作发生在过去某一时刻之前已经完成的动作或状态，强调“过去的过去”，常与bythetime,bytheendof...,before,by等引导时刻的状语连用。2)大体结构主语+had+动词过去分词+…WhenIgottothecinemayes