2022-2023年河南省驻马店市大学英语6级大学英语六级模拟考试(含答案)

2022-2023年河南省驻马店市大学英语6级大学英语六级模拟考试(含答案)学校:________班级:________姓名:________考号:________

一、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(20题)1.

Naturalgastrappedinundergroundreservoirsisextractedby_______.

2.Whatshouldpeopledoduringthewarming-upexerciseforrunning?

A.Trytorunatabreathlessspeed.

B.Increasethepaceinagradualway.

C.Keeptalkingwiththeircompanions.

D.Warmupthemusclesbystretching.

3.

Sleddogsdon'tusereins,instead,theyfollow______.

4.

JamesFreygetsamillion-dollarbookdealafterhe______.

5.BalancingCollegeLifeandAcademics

1.ControlYourSchedule;Don'tLetYourScheduleControlYou

Organizationandtimemanagementskillsaretwoofthemostvaluableskillsyouwilleverhave.Oneofthefirstthingsyoushoulddoatthebeginningofeachsemesterisorganizethedatesofallclasstestsandprojectdeadlinesfromeachsyllabus,andallrequiredmeetingsandeventsfromeachorganization.Allobligationsshouldthenbeloggedintoacentralizedscheduleyoukeepatalltimes,suchasadailyplanner,deskcalendar,orevenaPDA(personaldigitalassistant).Forthenext4months,younowknowexactlywhatyoumustscheduletherestofyourlifearound.

Next,itishighlyrecommendedforyoutosetascheduleforyourselfinwritingtoincludeallotheritemsyouwanttocreateasaroutine.Mostimportantly,thisshouldincludetimesofstudy,suchaseveryTuesdayandThursdayfrom3:30-6:30.PhysicallyblockoffthesetimeperiodseveryTuesdayandThursdayfortherestofthesemester.Ofcourse,themostimportantpartofcreatingascheduleisstickingtoit!So,bedisciplinedenoughtoscheduleanyotheractivitiesthatarelessimportantaroundthosethataremostimportant.

2.AskforHelpWhenYouNeedIt

Whetheritinvolvesacademicsororganizationalresponsibilities,everyonecomestoapointwheretheyfeeloverwhelmed.Thisiswhatfriends,fellowmembers,andotheruniversityresourcesaretherefor.Unfortunately,thereareseveralreasonswhypeopledon'tseekhelpwhenitisavailable.Somepeopletrytotakeontooninth,tryingtoprovetothemselvesthat"Icandothisallonmyown".Somemaynotwanttoadmittopeoplethatthey"can'thandleeverything."Othersmayfeeltheymustdoeverythingallontheirown,becauseonlythenwilltheyknowitwillgetdonerightandontime(anearlysignalofbeingacontrolfreak).

Academically,seekouthelpwhenyoudon'tunderstandsomething.Thereshouldbeplentyofresourcesavailable,fromwritingcenters,tocomputerlabs,tograduateassistants,toyourprofessorswhoofferofficehours.Therearealsootherstudentswhomayunderstandthatsubjectbetter,orwhohaveeventakenthecoursebefore.Especiallyinverylargeclasses,somestudentsmaybeintimidatedtoaskforhelp.But,thesolepurposeoftheinstitutionandalloftheseresourcesistohelpyoulearn.Sousethem.Askforropetobethrowndownbeforeyoudrown!

3.KeepaFirmGrasponYourPriorities

UnderstandingwhatyourPRIORITIESareeachandeverydayisoneofthebiggestkeystocollegesuccess.Itisalsooneoftheeasiestconceptstolosetrackof.Itisafast-pacedworld,whereitiseasytobecomesidetrackedwithsocialactivities,TVshows,videogames,etc.Somepeoplecarryacardintheirwallet,orevenacardontheirPC,wheretheylistthetop1-5prioritiesintheirlife.

Everyonehasexactly24hourseachday.Peoplewhoachievemoreinlifesimplymakebetteruseoftheir24hourseachdaythaneveryoneelse.Whatyoudowitheachofyour24hourshasasmuchtodowithyoursuccessduringcollegeasanotherfactor.Thereisanoldsayingthat"ifit'simportantenoughtoyou,youmaketimeforit."Besurethatnobodyisinchargeofyourtimeexceptforyou.Itisoneofthemostvaluableassetsyouhave.

4.Don'tWaitUntiltheEndofYourCollegeCareertoStopProcrastinating(延迟)

Whetheritisaneventorasemesterprojectthatistwomonthsaway,askyourselfeachday"Whatcanbedonenowinsteadoflater?"Writeclownwhenyouaregoingtodosomething,notsimplywhensomethingisdue.Setdeadlinesforyourself,andputtheminwriting.Thensticktoil.Mostpeopleprocrastinatebecausetheactivitytheyaresupposedtodoisnotasdesirableaswhattheywould

A.projectdeadline

B.learningobligation

C.teachingsyllabus

D.centralizedschedule

6.Thatriversareusedasopensewersforcitywastescauses______andeutrophication.

7.Lesssleepcangainusweight,becauseitraisesourleptin,whichtriggersustoeatmore.

8.

In1959withtheirfirstmotorbikeHondaracingteamparticipatein______race,whichwasthemostpopularmotorcycleraceatthattime.

9.

MoreandmorepeoplearefondofNGVsbecausetheyhelpreducedeathsincaraccidentstoagreatdegree.

A.YB.NC.NG

10.

Researchersclaimthataslittleasfiveminutesexposuretocommondomesticelectricalappliancewillimpair______.

11.

Theauthor____________________that"piesarethebestcomfortfoodever".

12.

ThestrongenvironmentalsentimentsthatledtoEarthDayyieldeddramaticchangesinAmericanlegislationandreflected______.

13.

OtherpeoplearelikelytoconnectUFO'swithsomethinginthewater,whichlookslikeasmallsubmarinebuttravelsmoreslowly.

A.YB.NC.NG

14.

Organicagriculturehasbecomeabigindustryasmoreandmorefarmersareswitchingtoit.

A.YB.NC.NG

15.Accordingtothepassage,onehealthbenefitsofwalkingisthat______.

A.yourbonedensitywillbedecreased

B.youwillloseweightinaneasyandquickway

C.youwillenjoybetterheartcondition

D.youwillhavestrongerupperbodymuscles

16.

MalcolmByrd'swifesaidthat______maybringherhusbandsafetyfornow.

17.MostofAntarcticaappearstobeimmunetothebigmeltfornowbecauseit'slargelyinsulatedfromglobaltrendsandit'ssobigasmgenerate______.

18.

ThebookThePlayofPowerstill______thepublicpolicy,althoughnotinseparatechapters.

19.

WelearnfromthepassagethatconditionsfortheearlywhitestravelingtoAmericabyshipsweremuchbetterthan______.

20.

______canposeabigproblemtotheenvironment.

二、3.ListeningComprehension(20题)21.(26)

A.TheVictoriansurgeonlivedatBuckland.

B.Howardwasalwaysahermit.

C.Ahermitisapersonwhoenjoyscommunicatingwithothers.

D.HowardHughesbecameareclusebecausehewastiredofhighliving.Questions23to25arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

22.听力原文：M:IalmostdozedofflisteningtoColin'slengthyspeechonbecomingavolunteer.

W:Iwasquitesurprisedhecouldstandinfrontofmorethan100peopleinanauditorium.Infact,Ican'tthinkofanyotherthatcoulddothejobjustaswell.

Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?

(13)

A.Colin'sspeechwasmoreinterestingthananyotherspeakers'.

B.Colin'sspeechwasdullbecauseitwastoolengthyandtedious.

C.Colin'sspeechwasn'tverygoodbuthewilldobetternexttime.

D.Colin'sspeechwasgoodconsideringthedifficultyofaddressingsomanyaudience.

23.(32)

A.Theyarenotasdangerousaspeoplethink.

B.Theycanbeasfriendlytohumansasdogs.

C.Theyattackhumanbeingsbynature.

D.Theyarereallytameseaanimals.

24.听力原文：W:Hi,Jack.Tomorrow'sthebigday!YoumustbeexcitedaboutgoingtoFranceforyourfirstinternationalconference.

M:Thetrip,yes,butnotthepreparation.

W:Whatdoyouneedtodoexceptpack?

M:Youknowhowyoualwaysfeelsoawfulwheneveryoumakeabigchangeintimezones?ThistimeI'mtryingananti-jet-lagprogramsoI'llbealertevenforthefirstday'slectures.

W:Buthowcanyouavoidjetlag?Withthatlateflightandasix-hourdifferenceintime,it'sboundtotakeyouacoupleofdaystoadjust.

M:Wellthisprogram'ssupposedtogetyourbodytofeellikeit'sinthenewtimezonebeforeyouleave.Thetheoryisthatthefoodyoueatactuallytellsyourbodywhentobeactiveandwhentoberestful,sochangingyourdietcanhelpyoubeready'forthetimechange.Youhavetoalternatefeastingandfasting...youknowsometimeseatalot,sometimesjustalittle.

W:OK.NowIseewhyyou'renotenjoyingthepreparation.Ican'tquitepictureyoufasting!

M:Actuallytheworstisalreadyover.Twodaysbeforetheflight,you'resupposedtohaveonlylightmealsandlimityourselftoeighthundredcalories.

W:Thatmusthavebeentough.

M:Yeah,butI'mmakingupforittoday.Feastdayismuchbetter...thoughIstilldon'tgettoeatanysnacksafterdinner.

(23)

A.Newfoodstotrywhentraveling.

B.Makingreservationsforthebesttravel.

C.Avoidinggainingweightwhiletraveling.

D.Adjustingtotimechangeswhentraveling.

25.

【B4】

26.(24)

A.Heisaworker.

B.Heenjoysmusic.

C.Hehasanotherplayer

D.Helost20dollar.

27.(34)

A.It'smadeupofprofessionalathletes.

B.It'smadeupofcollegeplayers.

C.It'smadeupofbothprofessionalandcollegeplayers.

D.It'smadeupofyoungathletes.

28.听力原文：W:Whatagreatday,don'tyouthink?

M:Iguessso.Ihadn'tnoticedit.IfeelawfulbecauseIwatchedtelevisionuntilaftermidnightlastnight.

W:Aftermidnight!Didyouwatchsolatebecauseyouwerebored?IusuallywatchTVonlyifIhavenothingtodo.

M:Bored?No,IwasupsetbecauseIleftmymealticketsinthecafeteria.That'smorethanfiftydollarsworthofmealticketsdownthedrain.

W:SodidwatchingTVmakeyoufeelbetter?

M:Well,IfeltabitbetterwhileIwaswatching.Youknow,ittookmymindoffmytroubles.ButafterIturnedtheTVoff,Ijustfeltdisgustedwithmyselfforwastingsomuchtime.

W:I'vehadthatfeelingbefore.

M:Ihadintendedtowatchjustoneprogram,butsomehowIcouldn'tmakemyselfswitchofftheTV.

W:Actually,I'vereadthatthere'sascientificexplanationforthat.Itseemsthatthere'sapartofthebrainthatprocessescomplexinformation,butthatpartbecomeslessactivewhilewatchingTV.

M:That'scertainlyhowIfeltlastnight—likemybrainwasn'tveryactive.

W:That'snottheworstofit.IfyouwatchTValot,orforalongtime,thatpartofthebrain—thepanthatprocessescomplexinformation,showsloweredactivityandyoubecomemoreandmorepassive.

M:That'sincredible.

W:Nexttimeyoufeelupset,youshouldgoswimming.That'swhatIdo,anditalwaysmakesmefeelbetter.

M:Isuppose.Rightnow,I'vegottogotothecafeteriaandgetsomemoremealtickets.

(20)

A.Aftermidnight.

B.Aftershegoesswimming.

C.Whensheisidle.

D.Whenthereisagoodprogramon.

29.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD,anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.

(12)

A.Husbandandwife.

B.Doctorandnurse.

C.Salesclerkandcustomer.

D.Airlineagentandcustomer.

30.(44)

31.(17)

A.Thefurnitureistooheavytomoveintotheroom.

B.Shethoughtthefurniturewouldbemoreexpensive.

C.Shedoesn'trememberhowmuchthefurniturecost.

D.Sheisstillthinkingaboutthefurnitureboughtasabargain.

32.(22)

A.Itisquitegeneral.

B.Mostoftheinformationheneedswillbefoundinnewspapers,

C.Shethinksheshouldchangeit.

D.Itshouldtakeaveryshorttimetofindmaterialonit.

33.听力原文：Themodernsailingshipwasdevelopedbyamanwhoneverwenttosea.HewasPrinceHenryofPortugal,theyoungersonofthePortugueseKingandanEnglishprincess.

PrinceHenrylivedinthe15thcentury.Asaboyhebecamedevotedtothesea,andhededicatedhimselftoimprovingthedesignofshipsandthemethodsofsailingthem.In1416,Henryfoundedaschoolformariners,towhichheinvitedeveryonewhocouldhelphim--Jewishastronomers,ItalianandSpanishsailors,andArabmathematiciansandmapmakerswhoknewhowtousethecrudecompassofthedayandimproveit.

Henry'sgoalwastodesignandequipvesselsthatwouldbecapableofmakinglongoceanvoyageswithouthavingtohugtheshore.Thecaravelcarriedmoresailandwaslongerandslimmerthananyshipthenmade,yetwastoughenoughtowithstandgalesatsea.Healsodevelopedthecarrack,whichwasaslowership,butonethatwascapableofcarryingmorecargo.

ToPrinceHenrytheworldowescreditforthedevelopmentofcraftthatmadeoceanicexplorationpossible.Helivesinhistoryas"PrinceHenrytheNavigator".

(30)

A.Tohelpmariners.

B.Toimproveshipdesignandsailingmethods.

C.Tostudyastronomyandmathematics.

D.Toimprovehisownskillasasailor.

34.听力原文：M:Oh,lookatthesky,Cathy!It'sstartingtogetcloudy.

W:Iseeit.Ihopeitdoesn'train.Ithoughtitwasgoingtobeafinedaytoday.

M:That'scertainlywhatthedepartmentwashopingforwhentheychosetodayasthedayfortheannualpicnic.

W:Youcan'thaveapicnicwithoutgoodweather.Youneedsunshineforalltheeatingandgamesandentertainment.

M:Yeah,sunshine—butnottoomuch!Doyourememberlastyear?

W:Isuredo.Itwassohotallwedidwaslookforshade,lookforwaystoescapefromthesun.

M:Andnoonewantedtoparticipateinanyoftheplannedactivities.Allwewantedwascolddrinks.Andthendozedoff.

W:Iftherehadjustbeenthetiniestbreezetocoolusoff...

M:Buttherewasn't.Justtheburningsun,withoutacloudinthesky,andthetemperaturejustseemedtoclimbhigherandhigher.

W:Well,wedon'thavethatproblemthisyear,apparently.Alan,didyouheartheweatherforecast?Isitsupposedtorain?

M:Idon'tknow.Ididn'tcatchtheweatherreport.Butmaybeifit'rains,itwillonlybeashortshowerwhichcoolsthingoffalittle.Thatmightnotbebad.

(20)

A.Theyareplanningapicnicforthedepartment.

B.Theyarehavingapicnicorganizedbythedepartment.

C.Theyarediscussinghowtoescapefromthesun.

D.Theyaredrinkingandtalkingabouttheweather.

35.听力原文：M:Goodmorning,Ms.Smith.Welcometotoday'sshow.

W:Thankyou.

M:Todaywe'regoingtotalkaboutthelivingofforeignstudentsinourcountry.Youknow,formanyinternationalstudents,comingtotheUnitedStatesandlivinghereandstudyingcanbeaquitefrighteningexperience,especiallywhenfindinghousing.Canyougivethemsomeadvice?

W:Sure.Fortunately,thereareavarietyofoptionsthatstudentscanlookto.Theycanchoosetoliveoncampusoroffcampus.

M:Thencanyousaysomethingabouton-campusliving?

W:Well,Ithinkfirstofallforfirst-timestudents,comingand(22)livingoncampusindormitoriescanprovideacertainlevelofsecuritybecauseofitsclosenesstocampusfacilitiessincecommutingwithoutacarcanbequiteanexperience,especiallywhenyouhavetocommutelongdistances.Oftenindormitories,mealsmightbeprovided,andthiscanallowstudentstodevotetimetotheiracademies,ratherthanhousekeeping.

M:Thatsoundsquitegood.Isthereanythingstudentsshouldpayattentiontowhenlivingoncampus?

W:Yes,(23)studentsshouldbeawarethatthey'llberequiredtoabidebycertainregulationsdealingwithstudenteonductaspartofthecontractandlivingoncampus.

M:Thenwhataboutoff-campusliving?

W:(24)Likelivingindormitories,uh,livingoffcampusinanapartmentrequireslittleornomaintenancespecificallybecauseusuallyitishandledbysomeoneelse.Also,whenyouliveoffcampus,theremightbeacertainamountofflexibilityinchoosingroommatesthatyoumightnothavewhenlivingoncampus.(25)Butyoushouldbeawarethattenantsmayberesponsibleforfurnishingtheirownapartments.

M:Well,thankyou,Ms.Smith,fortheinformationyouhaveprovidedforus.

W：Mypleasure．

(23)

A.Mealsareprovidedfreeofchargeoncampus.

B.Studentsaremoresecureoncampus.

C.Studentsarefreetochoosetheirroommates.

D.Studentshavemorechancestomakefriends.

36.(28)

A.Becausetheyarrivedtheretoolate.

B.Becausetheycan'tstandseeingthetragicscene.

C.Becausethepolicedidn'tallowthemtoseeit.

D.Becausetheyshouldnotdestroythescene.

37.

【B6】

38.SectionB

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.

听力原文：Oneofthereasonsforoursuccessasaspeciesisourabilitytoeatandthriveonalargevarietyoffoods.Manyanimalspecieshavebecomeextinctorareonthevergeofextinctionpartlybecausetheylackthisadaptability.Theyneedtofeedonparticularfoodplantoraparticularkindofanimalorinsect.Ifthissourceoffoodisforanyreasonremovedthentheanimalconcernedisunabletochangetoadifferentdiet.Graduallyitbecomesextinct.Buthumanbeingsarealmostentirelyfreefromthelimitationofanyparticularfoodrequirements.Weareabletosurviveonawidevarietyoffoodsbothanimalandvegetable.Forexample,theEskimosarealmosttotallymeateaters:seal,bear,whalemeatandfishform.theirwholediet;theAboriginesofAustralia,livingindesertregions,haveleanttosurvivebymakinguseofdifferentinsectsasfoodtosupplementtheirdietofwildfruitsandroots.

(27)

A.Itisanabilitybothmanandanimalspossess.

B.Itisthereasonforman'ssuperiorityoveranimals.

C.Itisoneofthereasonsforman'ssuccessasaspecies.

D.Itisaproofofoursuperiorintelligence.

39.听力原文：W:HeyTaxi!

M:Whereto?

W:Well,I'mgoingtotheNationalMuseumofArt,and...

M:Sure.Hopin.Noproblem.

W:Uh.Excuseme.Howlongdoesittaketogetthere?

M:Well,thatalldependsonthetraffic,butitshouldn'ttakemorethantwentyminutesfortheaveragedriver.AndI'mnotaverage.Ihavedrivingdowntoanart,soweshouldbeabletogetthereinlessthantwelveminutes.

W:OK.Uh,sorryforasking,butdoyouhaveanyideahowmuchthefarewillbe?

M:Oh,itshouldn'tbemorethan18dollars...notincludinga...uh-hum...atipofcourse.

W:Oh,andbytheway,doyouknowwhattimethemuseumcloses?

M:Well,Iwouldguessaround6o'clock.

W:Uh,doyouhavethetime?

M:Yeah.It'shalfpastfour.Uh,thisisyourfirsttimetothecity,right?

W:Yeah.Howdidyouknow?

M:Well,youcantelltouristsfromamileawayinthiscitybecausetheywalkdownthestreetlookingstraightupattheskyscrapers.

W:Wasitthatobvious?

M:Well...

W:Oh,beforeIforget,canyourecommendanygoodrestaurantsdowntownthatoffermealsatareasonableprice?

M:Umm...Well,theMexicanrestaurant,LaFajita,isfantastic.It'snotasinexpensiveasotherplacesIknow,butthedecorisveryauthentic,andtheportionsarelargerthanmostplacesI'vebeento.

W:Soundsgreat!HowdoIgettherefromthemuseum?

M:Well,youcancatchthesubwayrightoutsidethemuseum.Therearebusesthatrunthatway,butyouwouldhavetotransferacoupleoftimes.Andtherearetaxistoo,buttheydon'trunbythemuseumthatoften.

W:OK.Thanks.

(23)

A.Morethan20minutes.

B.Morethan18minutes

C.Lessthan6minutes.

D.Lessthan12minutes.

40.听力原文：W：Idemandtoseethemanager．

M：Themanagerisout，Madam，butifyouhaveacomplaint，I’msureIcanassistyou．

Q：What’stheman’sattitude?

(15)

A.Heishostile.

B.Heisindifferent.

C.Heissnobbish.

D.Heishelpful.

三、4.ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(20题)41.

Whenadiabeticpatientfeelsuncomfortablewhileexercising,______.

A.heneedstoholdonandcontinueexercising

B.hemayprobablygetalowbloodsugarlevel

C.itisbecausehe'sdonethewrongexercise

D.heshouldstillrefrainfromsweetfood

42.

Whatdoescreativityrequirethatyoudo?

A.Payattentiontoeverything.

B.Payattentiontonothing.

C.Payparticularattentiontosomething.

D.Payattentiontounfamiliarthings.

43.

Comparedwithothermusicplayers,theiPod______.

A.hasbeenbeatenbycheaperknockoffs

B.adoptsnextgenerationmusiccompressionformat

C.concentratesonpeople'smusiclisteninghabitsandtastes

D.isaportableandconvenientlibraryfortoday'speople

44.

Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?

A.Biotechispowerfulintacklingworldpovertyandhunger.

B.Theimpactofgeneticresearchonfoodproductionislimited.

C.Morecollaborationisneededtodeliverfarmersbiotechsolutions.

D.Fearsthatbiotechmightbeharmfultomanareunfounded.

45.ThroughoutGeorgeBush'spresidency,thefederalgovernmenthasrefusedtosupportanyregulationofthegreenhousegasesthatcauseglobalwarming.Wheneverthesubjectcomesup,officialstendtomumble(咕哝)aboutuncertainties.ButonApril2nd,theSupremeCourtatlastsettledoneofthebiggestoutstandingquestions:whetherthegovernmenthastheauthoritytocurbemissionsinthefirstplace.

ThecourtruledthattheCleanAirActalawfromthe1960designedtocombatsmog--givestheEnvironmentalProtectionAgency(EPA)thepowertoregulatecarbondioxide,themaingreenhousegas.ItalsosaidtheEPAwouldneedanexcuseifitdecidednottousethispower.ItdismissedthejustificationstheEPAhadprovidedforinaction-thatemissionsfromAmericancarswereinsignificantillthegrandschemeofthingsandthatunilateralactionbyAmericawouldundermineeffortstoachieveinternationalconsensus'onglobalwarming—asinadequate.Strictlyspeaking,therulingappliesonlytoemissionsfromvehicles,butaverysimilarcaseregardingcoal-firedpowerplantsispending(未决的)infederalcourt.TheEPAsaysitisnowexaminingtheruling.

TheEPAmightexamineitforsometime,ofcourse.Anyregulationitcomesupwithinresponsemightstilldeferactionintothedistantfuture,sincethelawallowstheEPAtodelayimplementationuntilappropriatetechnologycanbeacquiredatareasonablecost.Evenifitproceedsquiteswiftly,anewpresidentandCongresswithglobe-coolingideasoftheirownwillbeinplacelongbeforeanynewrulecomeintoeffect.

Thatsuitstheenvironmentallobbyjustfine.TheyhopetherulingwillspurCongresstoaddressglobalwarmingwithproperlegislation.Afterall.itmakeslittlesenseforsuchanimportantissuetobetackledtangentially(无关的)througha40-year-oldlaw.Andif2009seestheinaugurationofagreenerpresident,heorshewillnowhavethepowertodictatestricterfuelefficiency,intheform.oflowerCO2emissions,withoutreferencetoCongress.

Californiasetanexample.In2002,thestateassemblypassedalawregulatingemissionsofCO2fromvehicles,basedonaprovisionoftheCleanAirActthatallowsCaliforniatoadoptstricterpollutionstandardsthanthefederalgovernment.Carmakershavechallengedthelaw.inpartonthegroundthatCO2wasnotanairpollutant.ThecarindustryquicklydeclaredthattheissueofglobalwarmingisbesthandledatthefederallevelbyCongress.

WhatistheSupremeCourt'sattitudetowardsthegovernment'sfunctionincontrolofgreenhousegases?

A.Itisthegovernment'sobligationtosetupstricterregulation.

B.Itisdisappointingforthepublicthatthegovernmentshiesawayfromthisproblem.

C.Thegovernmentistheonlyorganizationthatcancontrolgreenhousegases.

D.Thegovernmentisnotthechieforganizationauthorizedtocontrolgreenhousegases.

46.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,thereisashortpassagewith5questionsorincompletestatements.Readthepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinthefewestpossiblewords.

Theattitudeofsometopmanagementusedtobe"Themachinebelongstothecompany;theworkerismadeforthemachine;or,theworkerbelongstothecompanyandexiststosatisfyitsneeds."Entertainingsuchaperspectivetodaywouldborderonlunacy(精神错乱),althoughmanagerscanbefoundwhoactasthoughtheystillprescribetoit.Thesimplefactisthatnoemployeeworksprimarilytosatisfytheneedsofanyorganization.Helaborsfirstandforemosttomeethisconcernforthewelfareofthefirm.Additionally,theleadersoonlearnstoaccepthispeopleashefindsthemratherthanashewouldlikethemtobe.Evenifheisunhappywiththeirperformance,heknowsthattheonlypossiblestartingpoint,forimprovement,iswheretheyareandastheyareatagiventime.

Fivefactsareattheheartofanymutualperceptionprocess.First,initialimpressionstendtobelastingaswellaserroneous,itisnecessarynotonlythatthemanageleaderperceivehispeopleaccuratelybutthathemakeiteasyforthemtoseehimasheiswithoutshamorflimflam(欺诈).

Second,apersonperceiveswhathelooksforandverylittleelse.Thismeansthatthemanagershouldemphasizethepositiveinsizinguphispeople.Ifheisawareoftheirlimitations,heisalsoconsciousofthefactthathewillnotmakemuchprogresswiththembyfocusingondeficiencies.Fartoomuchtimeiswastedinmostorganizationsonattemptstoeradicatedefects.Itwouldbewisertoconcentrate'oncapitalizingonassetsandbuildingstrengths.

Third,needsgovernperceptions.Attheoutsetofanyrelationship,thereisboundtobesomeuncertaintyonbothsides.Ifheisanunframedpicturetohissubordinates,themanagerrealizesthattheyarenotsurejusthowtogoaboutrelatingtohim.Hisresponsibilityistobeauthenticinhisdealingswiththemandopentointeractionwiththem.Authenticityandopennessindealingwithhissubordinateswillhelpthemsatisfytheirneedtoknowwheretheystand,howtheyshouldrelatetohim,whatkindofpersonheis,andhowheintendstomanage.Thentheywillgetatruepictureofhimandhowheoperateswithoutwastingtimesecondguessingandplayinggameswithhim.

Thefourthfactisthatattitudesgovernperceptions.Apositive,supportiveattitudeisreadilysensedbyemployees,who,eveniftheyareschool-dull,aregenerallylife-bright.Finally,perceptionsarereallytransactionsbetweenthepeopleinvolved.Astheleadermustallowhispeopleopportunitiestointeractwithhim,sohemustalsointeractwiththem.Inthisway,bothwillmakethegetting-to-know-youprocessefficientandrapid.

Accordingtothepassage,aworkerprimarilyworksfor__________forthewelfareofthefirm.

47.

AccordingtoConrad,wheredohumanbrain'scapabilitiesstem