题型二课时5阅读七选五一-词句并举

规范练（五）2篇阅读理解+完形填空（限时35分钟）I.阅读理解A（2017-江西省重点中学盟校高三第二次联考）Everwonderwherechocolatechipcookiescamefrom?Orwhyweusewaffles（华夫饼）asicecreamcones?MistakesThatWorked,writtenbyCharlotteFoltzJones,award-winningauthorofnon-fictionbooksforchildren,offersfortyoftheseunusualtales,alongwithmanyinterestingdrawingsandstrangeandamazingfacts.Thebookisdividedintosixparts：food,medicine,toys,accidentalthings,names,andIfindthebookgreatbecauseifnotforthebook,Iwouldneverhaveknownthatsomethingwasactuallyaccidentallycreated.Besides,Iliketolearnrealinformation；Ican'tstandbookswithstoriesthataren,treal.Althoughthisisanon-fictionbookandisaboutinventions,itisnotahistoryoftechnologybook；it,smoreofaneasyreadingbook.Thisbookwouldbeattractivetobothboysandgirls,anditcouldactuallybeeitheranadultbookorachildren,sbook.Publishedin1991,thebookisabitoldandisshowingitsagenow.Still,itcontainslotsofgreatinformation,eventhoughsomefactsarenotexact.Ilovetheideaofamistakesbook,andIespeciallyliketheformat,whichallowsreaderstodipinandoutofthebookeasily.Howevertheentriesarenotallequallystrong.Additionally,ifyoudon'tliveintheUS,thebookmakeslittlesense，sinceitisfullofAmericanreferencesbothhistoricallyandintermsofcustoms.Anyway,MistakesThatWorkedisareminderthatfailureisnotalwaystheend.Itisanenlighteningbookthatencouragesustorealizethattakingrisksandlearningbyexperimentisoftenthebestwaytolearn,evenifwedon,tendupcreatingsomethingnewandwonderful.［语篇解读］文章介绍了一本关于发明的启发性的书籍一—MistakesThatWorked,本书分为六个部分，启发作者：错误的工作，是一个提醒，鼓励我们认识到，冒险和学习实验往往是最好的学习方法。1.WhatkindofbookisMistakesThatWorked?It,sapicturebook.It,sasciencebook.C.It,sanadultbook.D.It,sahistoricalbook.解析：细节理解题。根据第三段'itisnotahistoryoftechnologybook”和“itcouldactuallybeeitheranadultbookorachildren,sbook.”可排除B、C、D三个选项，故选A。答案：AWhatcanweinferabouttheauthor?Hereadstoolittle.Heisaslowreader.Heisagreatreaderofnon-fiction.Heenjoysreadingbooksaboutinventions.解析：细节理解题。根据第三段“Althoughthisisanon-fictionbookandisaboutinventions,”可知作者喜欢非小说类的书。故选C。答案：CWhichofthefollowingdoestheauthorespeciallylikeaboutthebook?A.Itsfacts. B.Itsorganization.C.Itsentries. D.Itsreference.解析：细节理解题。根据第四段“Ilovetheideaofamistakesbook，andIespeciallyliketheformat，”可知作者尤其喜欢书的构思。故选B。答案：BWhatistheauthor,sopiniononthebook?It,safunread.It,saperfectbook.C．Itmakeslittlesense.D.It,sfulloffactualmistakes.解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段“Itisanenlighteningbookthatencouragesustorealizethattakingrisksandlearningbyexperimentisoftenthebestwaytolearn，evenifwedon,tendupcreatingsomethingnewandwonderful.”可知作者是非常喜欢的，她从书中受到很多启发，故选A。答案：ABIgrewupinafamilythatatedinnertogethereveryevening.Althoughmyparentsenjoyedwine,theyrarelydrankduringtheweekandalwaysinmoderation节制）.Asformyself,Iwasn'tinterestedinalcoholicdrinksandneitherweremyhighschoolfriends.SowhenIarrivedoncampusformyfirstyearofuniversitylife,Iwasabitshocked.Manydifferenteventshadbeenorganizedforthefreshmen,buttheyallhadonethingincommon—alcohol,andplentyofit.Notwantingtobeleftout,Ijoinedafewoftheevents.ButIalwaysreturnedhomeearly,feelingdisappointed.Yourpersonality,interestsandexperiencesdidn,tmatteratall,onlyhowmanyalcoholicdrinksyoucouldabsorbbeforepassingout（喝醉）.Itseemedshallowtome.Iwantedtogettoknowmynewcoursemates,nothowfasttheycoulddownapintofbeer.Gradually,however,Irealizedthatrealfriendsdon,tjudgeyoubyhowmuchyoucandrinkandtherewereotherwaysofmakingfriends.Ijoinedaphotographysociety,tookafirstaidcourse,andeveryweekendIwentcyclingwithacoursemate.Ifoundthatbyengagingintheseactivitiesandsharingthefunoflearningnewskillstogetherinagroup,Iformedmuchstrongerbondswithmynewfriendsthaneventhestrongestalcoholicdrinkscouldencourage.AnothervaluablelessonIlearnedisthatit,sperfectlyokaytosay“No”ifyoudon'twanttodrink.However,inmanyWesternsocieties,especiallytheUK,bingedrinking（狂喝）hasbecomethenorm.Manypeoplewhodrinkdon'tnecessarilywantto,buttheygiveintothepeerpressure（同伴压力）一they'reafraidtosay“No”.［语篇解读］本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者对大学新生活的体验和感悟。.Whatshockedtheauthorwhenheentereduniversity?Thestrangecampus.Thepopularityofalcohol.Thedrunkencoursemates.Thelimitedactivities.解析：细节理解题。结合第二段“SowhenIarrivedon...buttheyallhadonethingincommon—alcohol,andplentyofit.”可知，大学中酒风很盛，对此作者感到有些震惊。故选B。答案：BWhydidtheauthorreturnhomeearlyfromtheeventsatfirst?A.Hewasn,tgoodatdrinking.B.Hehadnofamiliarcoursemates.C.Hehatedthewaypeoplegotalong.D.Hewasleftoutbytheorganizers.解析：推理判断题。结合第二段“ButIalwaysreturnedhomeearly...beforepassingout（喝醉）.Itseemedshallowtome.”可推知，作者很早就回家的原因是作者不喜欢大学里人们以酒交友的方式。故选C。答案：CHowdidtheauthorfinallymakerealfriendsatuniversity?Bysaying“No”toalcoholicdrinks.Bystayingawayfromgroupactivities.Bygivingintothepeerpressure.Byjoiningpeoplewithcommoninterests.解析：推理判断题。根据第三段'Ifoundthatbyengaging...drinkscouldencourage.”可推知，作者是通过与志同道合的人一起参加活动来结交挚友的。故选D。答案：DII.完形填空Wealloftendealwithpeoplewhocomplainaboutthefailuresandtroublesoftheirdailylives.Life1tobeonebigproblemforthem.Iwouldliketothinkit2unusual.Iftherewerenoproblemsinyourjob,thenyour3wouldhireamuchlesscapable（有能力的）personthanyoutodothethingsthatdon,t4muchthought.Inthebusinessworld,thosewhoareabletosolvedifficultproblemsaretheoneswhoarethemost5totheemployer.Manytimestheproblemsorchallengesweface6ustogrowandbecomemorecapable.Therunnerwho7forthemilerunintheOlympicsbyrunningdownhillwillhavenochanceofwinningthemedal 8.Therunnerwhotrainsbyrunninguphillisfarmorelikelyto9thespeedandenduranceneededtowinthemedal.The10thingthateverhappenedtoboxerGeneTunneywasthathe11bothhandsinthering.Hismanagerfeltthathecould12againpunch（重击）hardenoughtobetheheavyweightchampion.Instead,Tunney13thathewouldbecomeascientificboxerandwinthetitleasaboxer,notaslugger（重击手）.14historianswilltellyouthathedevelopedintooneofthebestboxerswhoeverfought.Theywill15tellyouthatasapuncher,hewouldnothavehadachance16JackDempsey,whowasconsideredtobethehardest17inheavyweighthistory.Tunneywouldneverhavebeenchampion18hehadnothadtheproblemofhisbrokenhands.19timeyoumeetwithadifficultclimb,obstacle,orproblem,youshould20andsay,“Here,smychancetogrow.”［语篇解读］生活中我们会遇到困难，但是这些困难是我们成长和进步的机会。文章讲了拳手GeneTunney的故事告诉我们要笑对困难。.A.seems B.pretendsC．agrees D．hopes解析：seem似乎；pretend假装；agree同意；hope希望。第一句讲我们总是遇见很多人抱怨生活中的麻烦和失败，故对他们来说生活似乎是一个大问题，总是有数不清的麻烦。故A正确。答案：AA.something B.everythingC.nothing D.anything解析：根据横线后两句可知，作者认为生活中遇到问题是很正常的事情，使用nothingunusual没有什么不寻常，即很正常，故C正确。答案：CA.teacher B.employerC.father D.doctor解析：如果你在工作中没有遇到任何难题，那么老板就没必要雇你来做这份工作，因为这份工作对你来说太容易了，他就可以雇能力不如你的人来做了。而且和本段最后一句中的employer形成呼应。故B项正确。答案：BA.give B.receiveC．offer D．need解析：give给予；receive接受；offer提供；need需要。因为这份工作很容易，所以不需要太多的思考就可以完成了。故D项正确。答案：DA.famous B.valuableC．strange D．difficult解析：famous著名的；valuable珍贵的，有价值的；strange奇怪的；difficult困难的。能够解决难题的人对老板来说才是最有价值的员工。故B正确。答案：BA.allow B.warnC．force D．order解析：allow允许；warn警告；force强迫；order命令。很多次我们面临的问题和挑战迫使我们成长并让我们更有能力。故C正确。答案：CA.trains B.leavesC.looksDC.looks解析：根据本段最后一句中的“Therunnerwhotrainsbyrunninguphill…”可知，这两句是两种训练情况的对比，所以也应该使用动词train。句意：通过向山下跑来训练跑步的运动员不可能赢得金牌。故A正确。答案：AA.inall B.afterallC.aboveall D.atall解析：本句中否定词no和atall连用，表示“一点也不……”。在平时的训练中，通过向山下跑进行训练的运动员是不可能赢得金牌的。所以本句中no和atall连用表示加强的否定语气。故D正确。答案：DA.beat B.stopC.lose D.develop解析：beat打败；stop停止；lose失去；develop发展，形成。那些通过向山上跑训练跑步的人更可能形成赢得金牌的速度和耐力。答案：DA.worst B.bestC．easiest D．fastest解析：由文章第一段可知生活中的困难对我们来说往往是好事，所以Tunney手受伤了对他来说是好事情，所以使用best加强语气。故B正确。答案：BA.held B.raisedC.broke D.touched解析：hold举起，维持；raise抚养，提高；break打破，折断；touch感动。他的双手都受伤了，这对作为拳击手的他来说是件很麻烦的事情，但是他把这件麻烦事转化成了好事情。故C正确。答案：CA.never B.