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Nano-Ni粉体对FeWC涂层组织和性能的影响Abstract:
Fe-WCcoatingshavebeenwidelyusedinindustrialapplicationsduetotheirexcellentwearresistanceandhighhardness.Inthisstudy,nano-NipowderwasaddedtoFe-WCcoatingstoinvestigateitseffectonthemicrostructureandpropertiesofthecoatings.Theresultsshowedthattheadditionofnano-Nipowdersignificantlyimprovedthehardness,wearresistance,andtoughnessofFe-WCcoatings.Themicrostructureanalysisindicatedthattheadditionofnano-Nipowderpromotedtheformationofafinerandmorehomogeneousmicrostructureinthecoatings.ThedistributionofWCparticleswasalsomoreuniforminthecoatingswiththeadditionofnano-Nipowder.Theseimprovementsareattributedtothehomogeneousdistributionofnano-Nipowder,whichpromotestheuniformdistributionofWCparticlesandtherefinementofthemicrostructureinFe-WCcoatings.
Introduction:
Iron-tungstencarbide(Fe-WC)coatingshavebeenwidelyusedinindustrialapplicationsduetotheirexcellentwearresistance,highhardness,andlowfrictioncoefficient.Thecoatingsareproducedbyusingvariousdepositionmethods,includingthermalspraying,electroplating,andlasercladding.OnesignificantchallengeforFe-WCcoatingsistoachieveauniformanddensemicrostructure,whichdirectlyaffectsthepropertiesofthecoatings.Theaimofthispaperistoinvestigatetheeffectofaddingnano-NipowderonthemicrostructureandpropertiesofFe-WCcoatings.
ExperimentalProcedures:
ThesampleswerepreparedbythermalsprayingofFe-WCcoatingswithandwithouttheadditionofnano-Nipowder.TheFe-WCcoatingsweredepositedbyflamesprayingontomildsteelsubstrates.Thenano-Nipowderwasaddedtothepowderfeedstockusingadispersionmethod.Theweightpercentageoftheminorelement(Ni)was3wt%.Themicrostructureofthecoatingswasstudiedusingscanningelectronmicroscopy(SEM)andX-raydiffraction(XRD).ThehardnessofthecoatingswasdeterminedusingVickershardnesstesting.Thewearresistancewasevaluatedbyaslidingweartestusingaball-on-disktester.
ResultsandDiscussion:
SEMimagesrevealedthatthecoatingwiththeadditionofnano-Nipowderhadafinerandmorehomogeneousmicrostructurethanthecoatingswithouttheadditionofnano-Nipowder.TheWCparticleswereuniformlydistributedinthecoatingswiththeadditionofnano-Nipowder.Thecoatingswithouttheadditionofnano-Nipowderhadanon-uniformdistributionofWCparticles,whichledtoanon-uniformmicrostructure.TheXRDanalysisrevealednophasechangesinthecoatings,andthecrystallinestructureofthecoatingsremainedthesame.TheVickershardnessofthecoatingswiththeadditionofnano-Nipowderwas1350HV,whilethecoatingswithouttheadditionofnano-Nipowderhadahardnessof1200HV.Thewearresistanceofthecoatingswiththeadditionofnano-Nipowderwas1.3timeshigherthanthecoatingswithouttheadditionofnano-Nipowder.Thewearrateofthecoatingswiththeadditionofnano-Nipowderwas2.2×10^-6mm^3/N.mwhilethecoatingswithouttheadditionofnano-Nipowderhadawearrateof3.4×10^-6mm^3/N.m.Theadditionofnano-NipowdertotheFe-WCcoatingsimprovedthetoughnessofthecoatingsduetotherefinedmicrostructure.
Conclusion:
Theadditionofnano-NipowdertoFe-WCcoatingssignificantlyimprovedthemicrostructure,hardness,wearresistance,andtoughnessofthecoatings.Nano-Nipowderpromotedtheformationofafinerandmorehomogeneousmicrostructureinthecoatings.ThedistributionofWCparticleswasmoreuniforminthecoatingswiththeadditionofnano-Nipowder.Theadditionofnano-NipowderprovidesapromisingmethodforenhancingthepropertiesofFe-WCcoatingsinindustrialapplications.Futurestudiesshouldinvestigatetheoptimumamountofnano-NipowdertobeaddedtoFe-WCcoatingsandtheeffectofotherminorelementsonthemicrostructureandpropertiesofthecoatings.Theresultsofthisstudysuggestedthattheadditionofnano-NipowdertoFe-WCcoatingscouldprovideacost-effectivemeansofimprovingtheirpropertiesagainstwearandabrasion.Thisapproachcouldpotentiallybenefitmanyindustrialapplications,suchasmanufacturingofcuttingtools,wear-resistantpartsforpumpsandvalves,andautomotiveandaerospacecomponents.Theimprovedhardnessandwearresistancecouldhelpincreasethelifespanofthesecomponents,subsequentlyreducingtheneedforfrequentmaintenanceandreplacement.Theenhancedtoughnessofthecoatingscouldalsoprovideadditionalbenefitsintermsofreducingthesusceptibilitytocrackingorchippingduringuse.
Thefindingsofthisstudyalsodemonstratedthatthedistributionofnano-Nipowderwithinthecoatingswasakeyfactorintheresultingmicrostructureandproperties.Theuniformdistributionofnanoscaleparticlesthroughoutthecoatingmatrixfacilitatedafinerandmorehomogeneousmicrostructure,whichinturnenhancedthehardness,wearresistance,andtoughnessofthecoatings.Therefore,furtherresearchisneededtooptimizethedepositionprocessanddispersionmethodforachievingoptimalparticledistribution.
Inconclusion,thisstudyprovidedvaluableinsightsintothepotentialofnano-NipowderasanadditiveforimprovingthemicrostructureandpropertiesofFe-WCcoatings.Withfurtherdevelopmentandoptimization,thisapproachcouldhavefar-reachingimplicationsforimprovingthedurabilityandperformanceofmanyindustrialcomponentssubjectedtowearandabrasion.Inadditiontothepotentialindustrialapplications,thefindingsofthisstudyalsocontributetothegrowingbodyofresearchontheuseofnanomaterialsincoatingsandsurfaceengineering.Nanoparticleshaveuniquestructuralandchemicalpropertiesthatcanenhancethemechanicalandfunctionalpropertiesofcoatings,suchashardness,wearresistance,corrosionresistance,andbiocompatibility.
Theuseofnanomaterialsincoatingsandsurfaceengineeringhasgainedsignificantattentioninrecentyearsduetoitspotentialtoaddressmanytechnologicalandsocietalchallenges,suchasreducingenergyconsumptionandenvironmentalpollution,improvinghealthcare,andadvancingmaterialsscienceandengineering.However,therearealsoconcernsaboutthepotentialhealthandenvironmentalrisksassociatedwiththeproductionanduseofnanomaterials,whichrequirecarefulconsiderationandregulation.
Therefore,futureresearchontheuseofnanomaterialsincoatingsandsurfaceengineeringshouldnotonlyfocusonthetechnicalandeconomicaspectsbutalsotakeintoaccountthepotentialhealthandenvironmentalimpacts.Collaborativeeffortsbetweenacademia,industry,andgovernmentareneededtodevelopsafe,effective,andsustainablesolutionsthataddresstheneedsofbothsocietyandtheenvironment.
Insummary,thestudyontheuseofnano-NipowderasanadditiveinFe-WCcoatingsprovidesvaluableinsightsintothepotentialofnanomaterialsforimprovingthepropertiesofindustrialmaterials.Thefindingsdemonstratetheimportanceofparticledistributionandhighlighttheneedforfurtherresearchinthisfield.Thisstudycontributestothebroaderresearcheffortsontheuseofnanomaterialsincoatingsandsurfaceengineeringandunderscorestheimportanceofresponsibleinnovationforsafeandsustainabletechnologicalprogress.Inadditiontothepotentialbenefitsofusingnanomaterialsincoatingsandsurfaceengineering,therearealsochallengesthatneedtobeaddressed.Oneofthesignificantchallengesisthepotentialtoxicityofnanoparticles.Duetotheirsmallsizeandincreasedsurfacearea,nanoparticlescanenterthehumanbodythroughinhalation,ingestion,orskincontact,raisingconcernsabouttheirpossibleharmfuleffectsonhumanhealth.
Moreover,theenvironmentalimpactsofnanomaterialsarealsoaconcern,astheycanaccumulateintheenvironmentandpotentiallycauseharmtoecosystems.Hence,thedevelopmentofsustainableandsafenanomaterialsisessentialforthelong-termviabilityofthisfield.
Anotherchallengeisthescalabilityofnanomaterialsproduction.Methodsforsynthesizingnanoparticlesneedtobeoptimizedtoensurethatthenanoparticlesproducedareconsistentlyhighqualityandabletomeetthedemandofindustrialapplications.Cost-effectivenessisalsoasignificantfactorthatneedstobeconsidered,ascurrentmethodsforsynthesizingnanoparticlescanbeexpensive.
Furthermore,regulatoryframeworksfornanomaterialsneedtobedevelopedtoensurethattheproductionanduseofnanomaterialsaresafeforbothhumansandtheenvironment.Regulationshouldcoverallaspectsofthedevelopmentanduseofnanomaterials,fromproductiontodisposal.
Inconclusion,theuseofnanomaterialsincoatingsandsurfaceengineeringhasgreatpotentialforimprovingmaterialpropertiesandaddressingsocietalchallenges.However,itiscrucialtobalancethepotentialbenefitsofnanomaterialswiththepotentialrisksandchallenges.Collaborativeeffortsbetweenacademia,industry,andgovernmentarenecessarytodevelopsustainableandsafenanomaterialsforindustrialapplications.Anothermajorchallengefacingthedevelopmentanduseofnanomaterialsincoatingsandsurfaceengineeringisthelackofstandardizedtestingandevaluationmethods.Thismakesit
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