新编大学英语第三册Unit 浙大

新编大学英语第三册Unit浙大第1页/共72页UnitSeven第2页/共72页Task1:Reasonsfortravel&means oftransportationTask2:LandscapesTask3:TravelingexperienceTask4:Tourguide第3页/共72页In-ClassReading

TransformativeTravel

第4页/共72页第5页/共72页Workingroupstoanswerthefollowingquestions.Thewriterfeltthefutureappearedasmuchlikeawastelandastheemptypasthehadexperienced.Howdidthewriterfeelabouthisfuture?Sample第6页/共72页Hehatedthejobhewasdoingandhedidn’tlovethewomantowhomhewasengaged.(Hisjobandhisengagement.)Whatwerethetwothingswithwhichhewasnotsatisfiedinhislife?Sample第7页/共72页Thewritertookaclasswhichhappenedtobeanintroductorycounselingcourseinvolvingpersonalsharinginthegroup.Theywerechallengedtomakecommitmentsaboutchangestheywouldmakeintheirlives,andoutofpureimpulse,thewriterdecidedtoquithisjobandendhisengagement.Whatmadehimquithisjobandendhisengagement?Sample第8页/共72页第9页/共72页TwothingsthatIwasdissatisfiedwith(Para.1-3)Myjob&MyengagementPurposeofmytrip

(Para.4-6)Totransformmyself

Processforchange

(Para.7-14)Icreatedamindsetthatmademereadyforchange.Iinsulatedmyselffromtheusualinfluencesinmylifeandthepeoplewhoseapprovalwasmostimportant.第10页/共72页Istructuredmytimeinordertoproducechangeandgrowth.Ipushedmyselftoexperimentwithnewwaysofbeing.ImadepubliccommitmentsofwhatIintendedtodo,soitwouldbehardertobackdown.F.Iprocessedmyexperiencessystematically.G.ImadechangeswhenIreturnedthatcontinuedthetransformationthatstartedwhileIwasinAruba.第11页/共72页

Conclusion

(Para.15)Iwouldcontinuegoingontransformativetripstokeepmygrowthinthefuture.第12页/共72页第13页/共72页佳句欣赏本文作者用了诸多手法表示旅行前后的两种生活，从而突出使人脱胎换骨的“新生之旅”的作用。此句中hated和didn’tlove构成比较句型，而下文中的the

fantasy和the

reality也形成鲜明对照。这种表达突出主题。译文

IwasstuckinajobIhatedandtrappedinanengagementwithawomanIdidn’tlove.Atthetime,bothcommitmentsseemedlikeagoodidea,butIsupposeitwasthefantasyofbeingasuccessful,marriedbusinessmanthatappealedtomefarmorethanthereality.

(Line4)

第14页/共72页以下为课文中其它一些“比较与对照”的句子。希望大家在借鉴句型的基础上，也能写出这种以一当十的佳句，从而达到佳句核裂变的效果。(1)ThefutureappearedasmuchlikeawastelandastheemptinessIcouldseewhilelookingbacktothepast.(Line2)(2)

AfewdayslaterIfoundmyselfunemployedandunattached,excitedbythefreedom,yetterrifiedaboutwhattodonext.Ineedsomekindoftransitionfrommyoldlifetoanewone,asortofritualthatwouldhelpmetotransformmyselffromonepersonintoanother.

(Line13)第15页/共72页(3)Ittookmealmostayeartopayoffthattrip,butIamconvincedthatmysingleweekinArubawasworththreeyearsintherapy.

(Line35)(4)

It’seasiertomakechangeswhenyouareawayfromhomethantomaintainthechangesafteryoureturn.

(Line71)(5)Althoughitispossibletomakeextraordinaryprogressinasingleweek,transformativechangetakesplaceoveralifetime.

(Line76)第16页/共72页

IwasstuckinajobIhatedandtrappedinanengagementwithawomanIdidn’tlove.Atthetime,bothcommitmentsseemedlikeagoodidea,butIsupposeitwasthefantasyofbeingasuccessful,marriedbusinessmanthatappealedtomefarmorethanthereality.

(Line4)

译文

我当时被困在两件事中：做着一份我憎恨的工作并与一个我并不爱的女人订有婚约。当初，两个承诺都好像是不错的主意，但是我想吸引我的只是成为一个成功的已婚商人的幻想，而远非现实。第17页/共72页

AfewdayslaterIfoundmyself

unemployedandunattached,excitedbythefreedom,yetterrifiedaboutwhattodonext.

(Line13)佳句欣赏“Ifoundmyself”后面可接分词短语或介词短语作宾语补足语。此句中unemployedandunattached，excitedbythefreedom,yetterrifiedaboutwhattodonext

四个分词短语是并列关系，共同作“myself”的宾语补足语，即一个宾语带了四个宾语补足语。这种现象属于一干多枝。“一干多枝”结构能使表达层次丰富，言简意赅，浓缩含义，同时加快文章叙事节奏。译文第18页/共72页本文作者运用了大量不同的“一干多枝”结构。如：Thisreinforcedtheideathatanythingwaspossible,thatIcoulddoanythingIwanted.(Line49,Para.10)此句中“thatanythingwaspossible”与“thatIcoulddoanythingIwanted”是并列关系，共同作“idea”的同位语，即两个同位语修饰同一个名词。此外，还有两个（或更多）主语共一个谓语，两个（或更多）动词共一个主语或宾语或状语，两个（或更多）定语共一个名词等。这种现象犹如一棵树干上长出的数根树枝，故称“一干多枝”结构。现结合课文，分类例举，以期在欣赏文章及练习写作中有所借鉴。第19页/共72页(1)Ispentthemorningsgoingforlongwalksonthebeach,theafternoonssittingundermyfavoritetree,readingbooksandlisteningtotapes.

(Line26)(2)

Themostimportantpartofanytherapyisnotwhatyouunderstandorwhatyoutalkabout,butwhatyoudo.

(Line50)(3)WheneverIthoughtabouttakingsaferoutes,Iimagined

thatIwouldsoonhavetofacemyclassmatesandthatIwouldhavetoexplainmyactionstothem.

(Line63)第20页/共72页译文

几天后，我失业了，也解除了婚约，为获得的自由而兴奋，但又因为不知道下一步做什么而惶恐。

AfewdayslaterIfoundmyself

unemployedandunattached,excitedbythefreedom,yetterrifiedaboutwhattodonext.

(Line13)第21页/共72页句型应用not(+NP/clause)…but(+NP/clause)…不是……而是……译文

Themostimportantpartofanytherapyisnotwhatyouunderstandorwhatyoutalkabout,butwhatyoudo.

(Line50)

第22页/共72页Example从全局的观点来看，重要的不是他们读写不同书籍，而是他们能够创造印刷术并穿越时空进行交流。Viewedinglobalperspective,whatcountsisnotthat

theywriteandreaddifferentbooksbutthattheyarecapableofcreatingprintandcommunicatinginitacrosstimeandspace.但是，要紧的还不是运动员的行为，而是观众的态度，以及观众身后各个国家的态度。Butthesignificantthingisnotthebehaviouroftheplayersbuttheattitudeofthespectators,and,behindthespectators,ofthenations.第23页/共72页译文

任何一种疗法的关键不在于你领悟到什么或谈论了什么，而在于你做了什么。

Themostimportantpartofanytherapyisnotwhatyouunderstandorwhatyoutalkabout,butwhatyoudo.

(Line50)

第24页/共72页句型应用

Insteadofreadingnovelsandcallinghomeregularly,Itookthetimetoparticipateindifferentactivitiesthatwouldmakemechange.

(Line52)

sb.takesthetimetodosth.

某人花时间/找时间做某事译文第25页/共72页Example他们在婚前几乎没有花时间去了解彼此。Theyhardlytookthetimeto

knoweachotherbeforegettingmarried.日本人热情十足地往前走，而西方人因需要时间作详细计划，则可能落后。TheJapaneseareeagertomoveforwardandWesterners,perhaps,lagbehindastheytakethetimeto

planingreatdetails.第26页/共72页Example他花时间要把自己修饰得能赶上潮流，可是他始终没能如愿以偿。Hetookthetimetopareandpolishhimselfdowntothepatternoftherestoftheworld,butheneversucceeded.

第27页/共72页

Insteadofreadingnovelsandcallinghomeregularly,Itookthetimetoparticipateindifferentactivitiesthatwouldmakemechange.

(Line52)

译文

我没有把时间花在看小说和定期给家里打电话上面，而是花在能促使我自我转变的种种活动之中。第28页/共72页句型训练Thereweretimeswhen……有时(我)会……

（其中when引导的定语从句修饰times）译文ThereweretimeswhenIwantedtoavoiddoingthosethingsIfoundmostfrightening.(Line61)第29页/共72页Example我有时候常觉得现在的工作对我来说太艰苦了。There

are

times

when

I

feel

my

present

job

is

too

much

for

me.爱人之间也会有时感到厌烦，有时想放弃，有时感到压力，有时感到羁绊。InaloverelationshiptherearetimeswhenIambored,timeswhenImayfeellikegivingup,timesofrealstrain,andtimesIfeelIcan’tmoveforward.第30页/共72页译文

对于那些让我非常害怕的事情，我有过想回避不干的念头。ThereweretimeswhenIwantedtoavoiddoingthosethingsIfoundmostfrightening.(Line61)第31页/共72页第32页/共72页commitment(n.)

(Line5,Para.2)commit

(v.)

1)做(错的、坏的或非法的事)；犯

2)

将某人【某事物】置于(某状态)或交与或转交(某处)保留、处理等

3)

承担义务；向某人保证请用下面的提示词造句。Exercisecommitacrime/error/suicide(犯罪/犯错/自杀)Ifyoucommitacrimeyoucanneverescapebeingpunished.第33页/共72页commitsb.to(把某人送交……)Hmitsth.tomemory(记住)Hecommittedtheaddressto

memory.

commitoneselfto(承诺)ThegovernmenthascommitteditselftoimprovingtheDepartmentofEducation.请用下面的提示词造句。Exercise第34页/共72页commitment(n.)

1)

承诺，保证

2)

辛劳；忠诚；奉献请完成下面的句子。Exercise商店诚邀行人进店逛逛，无须非买东西不可。Theshopsincerelyinvitespassers-bytocomeinandlookaround__________________________________.

诚实的人履行自己的诺言。Honestpeople_____________________.

fulfilltheircommitmentswithoutcommitmenttobuyinganything她无条件地为教育事业献身。_______________totheeducationcausewasabsolute.

Hercommitment第35页/共72页appealto(Line6,Para.2)

1)

向……呼吁；请求

2)

投合……的心意；引起……的兴趣

3)

诉诸(武力)政府呼吁每个人节约用水。你对这段音乐感兴趣吗？Doesthispieceofmusicappealtoyou?Thegovernmentisappealingtoeveryonetosavewater.

TranslationTheChinesedeputyappealedtoreasontowintheargument.中国代表通过推理赢得了辩论。第36页/共72页quit

(v.)(Line12,Para.3)(quittedorquit,quitting)stopandleave

停止；放弃（做某事）；离开我辞职了。他并没有戒烟，但是已减到每天只抽三支烟了。Hehasnotquitsmoking,butisholdingdowntothreecigarettesaday.Ihavequitmyjob.Translation第37页/共72页quit

与

resign

都指自愿放弃某一职业或资格，有时指一时冲动所作的决定。resign更正式，quit口语化。quitdropoutleaveresign近义词辨析drop

out指因缺乏兴趣而拒绝参加或放弃成员资格。leave为一般用语。指终止成为某一组织成员的事实。第38页/共72页请选择quit,dropout,leave或resign填空。Exercise

He_____________therace.

Pearl________herboy-friendinangerbecausehehadnottakenhersuggestionofnot________hispositionsosuddenly.

quit/leftdroppedoutofresigning第39页/共72页transition(n.)(Line14,Para.4)

转变；过渡；变迁请完成下面的句子。Exercise父亲的身份使他变成一个更加有责任感的人。Fatherhood__________________amoreresponsibleperson.transformedhimintotransform(v.)(Line15,Para.4)transformation(n.)改变；改造今年春天的天气忽冷忽热，使许多人生病。The_______________________________________thisspringhavecausedmuchillness.frequenttransitionsfromcoldtowarm

weather

第40页/共72页transition(n.)(Line14,Para.4)

转变；过渡；变迁请完成下面的句子。Exercisetransform(v.)(Line15,Para.4)transformation(n.)改变；改造魔术师把那块布变成了一只兔子。Themagician____________________________________.transformedthepieceofclothintoarabbit第41页/共72页insulate(v.)

(Line42,Para.9)1)使隔离(以免受到影响)

2)使绝缘；隔热；隔音Theastronautswereinsulatedfromtheoutsideworldforhealthreasonamonthbeforethelaunch.

Manyhousesinthenortharewarminwinterbecausetheyareinsulatedsothattheheatisnotlost.

北方的许多房子在冬天很暖和,因为它们都作了隔热处理,使热量不致散失。为了健康起见，宇航员在发射活动前一个月被隔离。Translation第42页/共72页reinforce(v.)(Line58,Para.11)1)(+with)增强，加强(观点、看法、感觉等)2)(+with)加固(建筑、结构、衣物等)请完成下面的句子。Exercise他的行为增加了我对他的敬佩。Hisbehavior_____________________________.reinforcedmyadmirationofhim第43页/共72页老师建议他用事实加强论证。Theteachersuggestedthatheshould_____________________________.reinforcetheargumentwithfacts请完成下面的句子。Exercise你可以在毛织上衣的袖子上加上肘衬。Youcan___________________________________________.

reinforcethesleevesofajumperwithelbowpatches第44页/共72页deliberately(adv.)

(Line62,Para.12)1)doneinawaythatisintendedorplanned

故意地；蓄意地

2)

doneorsaidinaslowcarefulway

审慎地；不慌不忙地deliberate(adj.)

1)

故意的；蓄意的

2)从容不迫的；不慌不忙的deliberate(v.)思考(on,over)；与某人协商

(with)；讨论某事(over,upon,on)第45页/共72页请完成下面的句子。ExerciseA:Areyousureaboutyouranswer?B:Ofcoursemadam,I____________________

beforeImadetheanswer.

deliberatedthequestionA:Howcomeyougotsuchahighscoreinthis

game?B:That’seasyaslongasyouact____________________.

calmlyandA:Whatdidyoudoyesterday?B:___________________________________ofhelpingthosepoorstudents.

Ideliberatedwiththemonitordeliberately(仔细地考虑了这个问题)

(镇静从容地)

(我和班长商讨了……的计划)ontheplans第46页/共72页perspective(n.)(Line68,Para.13)1)

视角，观点

2)

透视法

3)

前景；展望；远景Fromadifferentperspective,youwillseeabrand-newworld.

从不同的角度你会看到一个全新的世界。Translation第47页/共72页Fromthetopofthehillwegotaperspectiveoftheentirecity.

我们从山顶上眺望了整个公园的景色。TranslationThepicturelookssortofstrangebecauseithasnoperspective.

这张画看上去有些怪，因为它不合透视法。第48页/共72页incorporate

(v.)

(Line68,Para.13)(+in,into,with)makesomethingapartofagroup;include

包括；合并；吸收公司合并成为……的一员。Shewasincorporatedamemberof

thecollege.Thefirmincorporateswithothers.

吸收……Wehaveincorporatedallyoursuggestionsintotheplan.请用下面的提示词造句。Exercise第49页/共72页dimension(n.)

(Line76,Para.15)

1)apartofasituationoraqualityinvolvedinit

方面；部分；特点Thisaddedanextradimensiontothetension.

了解法律是本问题最重要的部分。Tothisproblem,understandingthelawisthefirstdimension.这使紧张局势节外生枝。Translation第50页/共72页dimension(n.)

(Line76,Para.15)

2)ameasurementinspace,for

example,length,height,etc.

量度，维度时间有时被称为第四维。房间长12英尺，宽10英尺。Theroom’sdimensionsare12feetby10feet.Timeissometimescalledthefourthdimension.Translation第51页/共72页第52页/共72页Ifeellikeawreck.justfortheentertainmentvalueMylifealreadyseemedover.我感觉自己成了废物。仅仅为了好玩我的生活似乎到了尽头。inamomentofpureimpulsiveness出于一时冲动第53页/共72页Iwasnotrunningawayfromsomethingbuttosomething.tothinkclearlyaboutwhereIamheaded我并不是在逃避现实，而是在追求未来。考虑清楚自己将何去何从Iexpectedthatbigthingsareonthehorizon.我期待重大的事情将会来临。Thisreinforcedtheideathat….这进一步坚定了我的想法。第54页/共72页名词性从句翻译（2）表语从句的翻译同位语从句的翻译第55页/共72页名词性从句翻译（2）英语名词性从句除了主语从句、宾语从句之外，还有表语从句和同位语从句。在翻译此类从句时，多采用直译法，也可采用分译法。需要注意的是，在翻译名词性从句时，应首先确定从句属于何种名词性从句。第56页/共72页（一）表语从句的翻译表语从句一般在系动词后出现，翻译成汉语时可以按照原文顺序进行翻译。常见句型结构：主语+is/seems/sounds/feelsthat/what/why/where/as…，一般采用直译法。第57页/共72页Theonlymethodisthatwehaveforevertokeepitinmind.唯一方法是我们应当永远将此牢记。（直译法）What’stroublingthefathermostisthathissonseemsnottohaveanygreatexpectation.最让父亲苦恼的莫过于他儿子看起来没有远大前程。（直译法）第58页/共72页（二）同位语从句的翻译在翻译名词性从句时，很容易将同位语从句与定语从句混淆。一般而言，同位语从句多出现在以下词汇后：fact,belief,evidence,reason,idea,claim,suggestion,theory,proof,doubt,news,thought等。在翻译同位语从句时，可采用以下三种方法：采用直译法；采用增词法，增加“即”或“那就是”，或用冒号、破折号分开。在有些情况下，同位语从句可以提前；第59页/共72页Isn’titanotherevidencethattheso-calledworldpeaceisjustemptytalk?难道这不是再次证明所谓的世界和平只不过是句空话吗?

1.采用直译法，同时为了保证译文更符合汉语表达习惯，可以适当增词，从而使译文通顺流畅第60页/共72页TheforeigntravelersmarveledatthefactthatChinahasachievedsuchgreatdevelopmentswithinsoshortatime.中国在如此短暂的时间里获得如此巨大的发展，这一事实令外国游客感到惊讶。（前置法）2．在有些情况下，同位语从句可以提前第61页/共72页Thenarosethequestionwho,amongallthesecandidates,isqualifiedforthejob?问题随之出现：在所有这些候选人中，谁能胜任这项工作？3．采用增词法，增加“即”或“那就是”，或用冒号、破折号分开第62页/共72页写作实践:TheEcologicalCrisisontheBoomingTourism相关链接第63页/共72页

Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteacompositiononthetopic:

TheEcologicalCrisisontheBoomingTourism.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsaccordingtotheoutlinegivenbelowinChinese:

旅游业在中国迅速发展。但在旅游业繁荣的同时，生态环境也遭到破坏。因此，我们应提倡生态旅游(eco-tourism)。第64页/共72页TheEcologicalCrisisontheBoomingTourismTourismisoneofthemostpromisingindustriesinthe21stcentury.Accordingtosomestatistics,tourismcomprisesmorethan5%ofChina’sGDPandcreatesmillionsofjobseachyear.PerhapsthisisoneofthereasonswhytourismisgreatlypromotedinChina.InadditiontothedrivingforceinGDPgrowth,anotherreasonfortheboostoftourismisthatpeoplehavemoreholidays.Forinstance,duringtheLaborDayorNationalDayholidayweek,people第65页/共72页prefertoexperiencevariouslivesandgetoutofthedailyliferoutine.Furthermore,theycanaffordit.Travelingismanypeople’sfavoriterecreation.Itenablesusnotonlytobroadenourhorizons,butalsotoshapeourmindandspirits.However,justlikeacoinwithtwosides,tourismcausesaseriousproblem—ecologicalcrisis.Theenvironmenthas

beensufferingwiththeboomoftourism.Inordertoattracttourists,manyplaceshavebeenturned第66页/共72页intoresorts.Forestsarecleared,prairies(大草原)aredestroyed,riversandlakesarepolluted,andwildanimalsaredrivenaway.Thesehorriblescenesshouldsoundanalarmtous.Wemustprotectoureco-environmentwhileenjoyingthebeautifulscenery.Inordertokeepabalancebetweentourismandecology,theconceptofeco-tourism,whichintendstobringpeopleclosertonaturewithaslittledisturbanceaspossible,shouldbe第67页/共72页advocated.Inthedevelopmentofthisnewformoftraveling,governmentsatalllevelsshouldplaytheirpositiverolessuchasfundingenvironmentalprogramsandlimitingexcessiveexploitationofnaturalresources.Whatweneedtodoissimple:donotlitter;strictlyobserveregulationsatresorts,anduseasfewplasticbagsandboxesaspossible.Atlast,weshouldkeepinmindthatwhenwetravelweshouldtakeawaynothingbutmemoriesandleavenothingbutfootprints.第68页/共72页I.[TOEFL作文题目I]

Directions:Youwillhavethirtyminutestoplanandwriteanessayonthetopicgivenbelow.