人教版高中英语选修九学案讲义Unit 5 Inside advertising-词汇篇（教师版）

Unit5Insideadvertising词汇篇____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________1.掌握本单元词汇及句型；2.掌握长难句的分析；一．词汇1.informv.告诉,通知vi.检举,告发vt.通知,告诉,向...报告1)Iwasn'tinformedofthedecisionuntiltoolate.等到我得知这项决定时，已经太迟了。2)Couldyoupleaseinformmehowtogoaboutcontactingalawyer?请您告诉我怎样去联络律师？3)Oneofthecriminalsinformedagainst/ontherestofthegang.有一罪犯告发了同党。4)Keepmeinformed(of/aboutwhathappens).有事随时通知我。5)“Somemoneyismissing.”“Haveyouinformedthepolice?”“有些钱不见了.”“你报告警方了吗?”6)Ouronlyresortistoinformthepolice.我们唯一的办法就是向警方报案。7)Ifyouseeanythingsuspicious,informthepoliceatonce.你要是看到什么可疑的东西就马上通知警察。8)Pleaseinformmebyletterofyourplans.请来信把你的计划告诉我。2.fitinvt.适合(适应)1)Asmallbottleofliquor,shapedtofitinapocket.13盎司一瓶的威士忌酒瓶酒，形状适合于放在衣服口袋里。2)However,remainedbecausetheywereabletofitinwiththeirsurroundings.然而，另一些物种继续生存下来，因为它们能适应环境。3)Theyfitinthere.他们在那里很合适。4)Dotheseplansfitinwithyourarrangements?这些计画与你的安排一致吗?5)He'sneverdonethistypeofworkbefore;I'mnotsurehowhe'llfitin(withtheotheremployees).他以前从未做过这种工作,我不知道他是否能（与其他雇员）配合好。3.featuren.特征,容貌n.特点,特色,特性1)Hermouthisherbestfeature.她的嘴是她容貌上最好看的部分。2)Wetweatherisafeatureoflifeinthisarea.天气潮湿是这个地区生活的一个特色。3)Doesanewjobfeatureinyourfutureplans?新的工作在你的未来计画中十分重要吗?4)Hiseyesarehismoststrikingfeature.他面部最突出的部分是那双眼睛。5)Thismagazinewillberunningaspecialfeatureoneducationnextweek.这一杂志下周要发表一篇关于教育的专题文章。6)Suchdecorationwasatypicalfeatureofthebaroqueperiod.这种装饰是巴罗克时期的特征。7)Thesoleredeemingfeatureofthisjobisthesalary.这份工作唯其薪水尚可弥补一切之不足。8)Thepersonificationofevilasadevilisafeatureofmedievalpainting.用魔鬼象征罪恶是中世纪绘画的特色。4.broadcast[来源:Zxxk]n.广播,广播节目a.广播的v.广播1)TheBBCbroadcastsallovertheworld.英国广播公司向全世界播送节目。2)Shebroadcastsoncurrentaffairs.她发表时事广播演说。3)Hereisapoliticalpartybroadcastbeforeanelection.这是某党派选举前的政治广播节目。4)Hebroad-castsoncurrentaffairs.他发表时事广播演说。5)Thechairman'sspeechwillbebroadcastnationwide.主席的讲话将向全国广播。6)Thebroadcastwasrecorded,notlive.这次广播是事先录音的，不是现场直播。7)ThePrimeMinistersetforththeaimsofhisgovernmentinatelevisionbroadcast.首相在电视广播中公布了内阁的工作目标。8)Beforethisplayisbroadcastseveralcutsmustbemade.这个剧目播出前必须经过数次剪辑。5.relyv.信赖,倚赖,信任1)Wearerelyingonyourdecision.我们相信你的判断。2)IthinkIcane,butdon'trelyonit.我想我能来，但还说不定。3)Theyhavetorelyontheriverfortheirwater.他们用水只好依靠这条河。4)Shecannotbereliedontotellthetruth.别指望她能说真话。5)Nowadayswerelyincreasinglyonputersforhelp/tohelpus.现今人们越来越依赖计算机协助工作。6)Youcanrelyuponitthatitwillrainthisweekend.你放心好了,本周末一定下雨。7)Ireliedonyou(r)ingearly.我指望你早来。8)Youcanrelyonmetokeepyoursecret.你尽管相信我一定为你保密。6.relyonvt.依靠(信赖)1)Theyhavetorelyontheriverfortheirwater.他们用水只好依靠这条河。2)IfHelensaysshewillpletethejobontimeyoucanalwaysrelyonhertodeliverthegoods.如果海伦说她将按时完成任务的话，你可以永远信赖她，她会按时完成的。3)Nowthatyouaregrownup,youshouldnotrelyonyourparents.既然你长大了，就不应该依靠你的父母。4)Don'trelyonhimtodoanythinghe'sjustatalker.什么事都不要依靠他－－他光会说空话。5)IthinkIcane,butdon'trelyonit.我想我能来，但还说不定。6)Charitiesrelyonvoluntarydonations/contributions.慈善事业依靠自愿捐赠。7)Irelyonmybrother'swordsabsolutely.我绝对相信我哥哥的话。8)Youcanrelyonyoursolicitor'sprofessionalismindealingwiththehousepurchase.你尽可依靠律师处理购房事宜。7.generatev.产生,发生[计算机]产生1)Thishatredwasgeneratedbyracialprejudice.这种仇恨是由种族偏见引起的。2)Infact,virtualrealityisexploitingsoftwareandhardwareoftheputertogenerateasimulationofanenvironment,suchasaneasefulclassroom,abreathtakingactionandsoon.实际上，虚拟现实就是利用计算机的软件和硬件去产生一种境界的仿真，如仿真一个学习场所，一次惊险的行为等等。3)Thenumberthatisraisedtovariouspowerstogeneratetheprincipalcountingunitsofanumbersystem.乘方数被提升到各种乘方上，产生数字系统内基本计算规则的数字4)Italsoallowyoutologeventandgeneratereportonwebactivity.也允许您记载事件并产生Web活动的报告。8.murderv.&n.谋杀,凶杀vt.谋杀1)Warismassmurder.战争是一场大屠杀。2)Therehavebeenseveralmurdersthisyear.今年发生了好几起谋杀案。3)Myhusbandlikestoreadmurderstories.我丈夫喜欢阅读谋杀案小说。4)Hemurderedthewholework.他毁了全部工作。5)Thatfamouspoliticianwasmurderedlastyear.那位著名的政治家去年被谋杀了。6)Hisparentsandsisterwereallmurderedbytheterrorists.他的父母和姐姐都是被恐怖分子杀害的。7)It'smurdertryingtofindaparkingplaceforthecar.找个停车的地方比登天还难。8)Thishotweather'smurderonmyfeet.这种炎热的天气苦了我的脚。9.appointv.任命,指定1)Theyappointedhimchairman.他们任命他为主席。2)Hewasn'tthereattheappointedtime.他没有在指定的时间在那里。3)TheyhaveappointedSmith/anewmanager.他们已经任用了史密斯[一位新经理]。4)Hewasappointedtothevacantpost.他被委派填补那空缺。5)Whoshallweappoint(as)chairperson?我们选派谁担任主席呢?6)Wemustappointsomebodytoactassecretary.我们得指定一个人当秘书。7)Thepanydecidedtoappointanewtreasurer.公司决定任命一位新司库。10.raisen.上升,高地,增高v.升起,举起,饲养1)Sheraisedherfingertoherlipsasasignforsilence.她举起一根手指放在唇边，示意肃静。2)Hislongabsenceraisedfearsabouthissafety.他长期不在引起了大家对他的安全的担心。3)It'sdifficultraisingafamilyonasmalline.依靠微薄的收入是很难养家的。4)Iwasraisedbymyauntonafarm.我是在农场由姨妈抚养大的。5)I'mgladyouraisedthatpoint.你能把那一点指出来，我感到很高兴。6)Mywinatchessraisedmyspiritsalittle.我赢了这盘国际象棋才打起了一点精神。7)I'llraiseyou!我超过你（的赌注）!8)Eyebrowswereraised/Thereweremanyraisedeyebrowswhenheshavedallhishairoff.他把头发剃光了,人人见了都大吃一惊。[来源:学,科,网]11.bann.禁令v.禁止vt.禁止,取缔1)Thepeopleaskforaban-the-bomb.人门要求禁止使用核武器。2)Thegovernmenthasbannedtheuseofchemicalweapons.政府已经禁止使用化学武器。3)Thereisabanonsmokinginthetheatre.这剧院内禁止吸烟。4)Hewasbannedfrom(attending)themeeting.不准他出席该会议。5)Theplaywasbanned(bythecensor).该剧本遭（审查员）查禁。6)She'sbeenbannedfromdrivingforsixmonths.已禁止她开车,为期六个月。7)Theprotestersshowedtheirdefianceoftheofficialbanondemonstrations.[来源m]抗议者藐视官方的示威禁令。8)Abanontheimportationofdrugshadbeenissuedrecently.最近已经发布了禁止进口毒品的法令。12.promotev.促进,提升,升迁,促销1)Afterthiswin,ManchesterUnitedwaspromotedtotheFirstDivision.[来源:学_科_网Z_X_X_K]这次踢赢之后，曼彻斯特联队升入了甲级。2)Theyoungarmyofficerwaspromotedtotherankofcaptain.这个年轻军官被提升为上尉。3)Exercisepromoteshealth.锻炼可增进健康。4)Theorganizationworkstopromotefriendshipbetweennations.该组织旨在促进各国之间的友谊。5)Hewaspromotedtosergeant.他已提升为中士。6)Wemustpromotemercewithneighboringcountries.我们必须促进与邻国的贸易。[来7)Helikestoreadbiographiesofgreatmentopromotehimself.他喜欢读伟人传记来提高自己。8)Thegovernmentdecidedtopromotepublicwelfare.政府决定发展公共福利。13.bewarev.小心,谨防1)Bewareofwhatyoudowiththisdangeroussubstance.你处理这些危险品时，可要当心。2)Bewarewetpaint!注意--油漆未干!3)Hetoldustobeware(ofpickpockets,thedog,icyroads).他告诉我们要当心（小偷、狗、结冰的道路）.4)IwastoldtobewarelestIinjurehim.有人关照我，要我小心别伤害他。5)Bewareyourhat,lestitshouldbeblownaway.当心你的帽子别被吹走。二．长难句理解Withsomanymessagesfromadvertisersfillingourdailylives，itisimportanttounderstandhowadvertisementswork．广告人用如此多的信息冲击我们的耳朵，了解一下广告运作确实重要。句中with结构作状语，somanymessagesfromadvertisers是该结构的逻辑主语，fillingourdailylives是该结构的逻辑谓语，前后是逻辑住谓关系。With结构的其他例子有：Hesattherethinking,withhischinonhishand．他手托下巴，坐在那儿沉思。Hestaredathisfriendwithhismouthwideopen．他张大嘴巴凝视着他的朋友。Withproductionupby60％,thepanyhashadanotherexcellentyear．产量上升了60％,公司又是一个好年景。Sheusedtositreadingintheeveningwithherpetdogheronlypanion．她从前总爱在晚上坐着看书，她的宠物狗便是她唯一的伙伴。Shestoodtherechattingwithherfriend,withherchildplayingbesideher．她站在那儿跟朋友闲聊，孩子在旁边玩。“Ithinkwecanleavewithourheadsheldhigh,”Erikssonsaid．“我认为我们可以高昂着头离开，”艾里克松说。With10minutestogo,you’dbetterhurry．还有十分钟，你最好快一点。WithMarytohelphim,heissuretosucceed.有玛丽的帮助，他一定能成功。Thegirlreachedariverbankwithsomanyflowersonbothbanks.这个女孩来到了两岸开满鲜花的河边。Motherlookedatmewithtearsinhereyes.妈妈眼含泪水看着我。Withnightingon,westartedforhome.夜幕降临，我们动身回家。Theboylayonthegrass,withhiseyeslookingatthesky.小男孩躺在草地上，两眼望着天空。Withsomuchworktodo,wehadtositupthroughthenight.有这么多工作要做，我们不得不彻夜不眠。Sherantothehero,flowersinhand.她手里拿着鲜花跑向这位英雄。（with被省略）Advertsarenotonlymadeandpaidforbybusiness，butalsobyindividuals[organizationsandassociationsthatwishtoinformoreducatethepublic.不仅企业制作并支付广告付费，企图告之、教育大众的个人、组织和机构也可以制作并支付广告付费。Forexample，adolescentboysaremorelikelytobuyputergamesthananyothergroup，soitmakessensetomakeputergameadsthatappealtothisgroup．比如，青少年比起其他团体更愿意购买电脑游戏。所以，让电脑游戏广告吸引这群顾客就是明智之举。So前后是并列句结构。1)表示对等关系的并列连词有：and，either．．．or，neither．．．nor，aswellas，both．．．and，notonly．．．butalso。如：Thisisanoldclockthatisnotonlyveryhandsomebutalsoaccurate．2)表示选择关系的并列连词。常用的该类连词有：or，orelse，otherwise，ratherthan，either．．．or。如：Youshouldgetthelicenserightaway，oryou'llhavetopayafine．3)表示转折和对比关系的并列连词。常用的该类连词有：but，while，whereas，yet，however，nevertheless，ontheotherhand，onthecontrary。如：Sheisafunnygirl，yetyoucan'thelplikingher．4)表示因果关系的并列连词。常用的该类连词有：so，for，therefore，hence，thus，consequently，accordingly。如：Itwasrainingheavily，sothesportsmeetingwaspostponed．However，itwouldbenouseadvertisingproductsonradioiftheadreliesonvisual[K]effects．然而，如果广告依赖视觉效果，通过广播做广告就没有用了。advertisingproductsonradioiftheadreliesonvisualeffects是-ing分词短语做状语。用于下列结构中：It(There)isnouse(good)+-ING分词，表示“无用”=Itisofnouse(good)to+V：There(It)isnouseadvisinghimtogiveupsmoking.Thisiswhygovernmentsallovertheworldpayalotofmoneyforadsonsuchthingsas[来roadsafety．这就是世界各地的政府花大钱做诸如道路交通安全的公益广告的缘故了Why引导的表语从句。表语从句对主语的内容起解释和阐述的作用；若表语从句用that引起，that起连接作用，不能省略。表语从句也可用连接词how,when,where,why,what引起。由because引起的表语从句通常只用在“this/that/itisbecause”结构中。例如：Alogarithm（对数）iswhatisknowninalgebraexponent（代数的指数）。OnthingIadmiremostaboutthemisthattheyarehospitable.Sheworkstoohard.Thatiswhysheisexhausted.Imustpointoutthatwhereyouintendtobuildasuper-marketiswheretheelderlydoexerciseeveryday.Theybelievetheseadvertswillaffectthewaypeoplethinkabouttheirdrivinghabitsandwillsubsequentlyreducethenumberofroadaccidents．他们相信，广告会影响人们对驾驶习惯的思考方式，最终将减少道路交通事故的数量。Believe后面可以补一个that，and引导的是that宾语从句的第二个谓语。way后面省略了that，peoplethinkabouttheirdrivinghabits是定语从句修饰way。先行词为way时，关系代词总是省略：Idon’tliketheway(that)youtalktosomebodyelse.只有限定性定语从句才能省略关系代词，非限定性定语从句绝对不能省略：Thepeople(who)wemetatthepartywereveryfriendlytous.Hereistheman(that)youhavebeenlookingfor.Shanghaiisnolongerthecity(that)itusedtobe.Thereisanoldman(who)wantstoseeyou.1.(2015陕西西安月考)Children_______todifficultsituationsarebetterathandingthose______tasks.Aexposing;challengingBexposed;challengedCexposed;challengingDexposing;challenged解析：句意“面对困境的孩子们更加擅长解决那些具有挑战性的任务”。考查非谓语动词。第一空修饰children，expose为及物动词，beexposedto…暴露于、、、、、、，故第一空用过去分词作后置定语；challengingadj.富有挑战性的，符合题意。答案：C2.（2015浙江温州联考）Earlyexperiencestaughtmenottobeoverly________aboutshoppingbymobilephonebecausethereisahighriskofbeingcheated.AparticularBenthusiasticCcautiousDcasual解析：句意“早期的经历使我明白不要对购物有太大的热情因为被骗的风险很高”。Particular尤其；enthusiastic热情的；cautious谨慎的；casual非正式的，随意的。根据becausethereisahighriskofbeingcheated.可知选B。答案：B3.（2014江西，29）Idon’tbelievewhatyousaid,butifyoucanproveit,youmaybeableto______me.AconvinceBinformCguaranteeDrefuse解析：句意“我不相信你说的话，但是如果你能证实它，你可能会令我相信”。Convince使、、、、、、相信，使、、、、、、信服；inform通知；guarantee保证，担保；refuse拒绝。根据句意选A。答案：A；4.（2014福建，26）---Couldyoutellmethe_______ofmakingsuchtastycakes?---Well,Ijustfollowthedirectionsinthecookbook.AfeatureBplanCcostDtrick解析：句意“—你能告诉我做这么好吃的蛋糕的诀窍吗？—哦，我只不过是按照烹饪书里的说明做的”。考查名词辨析。feature特征；plan计划；cost花费；trick诀窍。答案：D5.Itistheway______theywalk_______makespeoplelaugh.Ahow;thatBthat;thatCinwhich;whichD/;which解析：句意“使人们大笑的是他们走路的方式”。考查定从和强调句。第一空引导定从，先行词为theway，可排除A。第二空为强调句，且强调事物，故用that。答案：B6.（2015江苏阜宁月考）Manypeopleseemedunbelievablewhenfirst_______(inform)oftheearthquake.解析：句意“当首次被告知这次地震时，很多人好像不相信”。考查非谓语动词。when引导时间状语从句，即whentheyarefirstinformedoftheearthquake,省略从句中主语和系动词，故informed符合语境。答案：informed基础演练根据汉语或首字母填空1.MissParrishrecentlyplacedana________inthelocalnewspaper.2.Haveyoujoinedtheteachers’_________(协会)?3.Televisionnewsbringsusv_________imagesfromaroundtheworld.4.Hehasdrunkonecupofcoffeetor_______himself.5.75%ofFrance’selectricityisg_______bynuclearreactors.6.Hefinishedthejobatthee_______ofhishealth.7.ThePresident’sspeechwillbeb_________onallmajornetworksat6:00thisevening.8.TheChancelloroftheExchequerisexpectedtoannouncetaxcutsinthisyear’sb________.9.Shegavehimbackthemoneyshe’dstolenforthesakeofherc________.10.Theworkersaretryingtoapplythemodernt________tothistraditionalindustry.11.Theya________teno’clockasthetimefortheconference.12.Her_______hiseyesfromhiswork.13.B_______,buyingahouseisfullofproblem.Keys:1.advert/advertisement2.association3.visual4.refresh5.generated6.expense7.broadcast8.budget9.conscience10.technique11.appointed12.raised13.Beware巩固提高完成句子1.I______________peoplewhoplainallday.我不喜欢整天抱怨的人。2.Wedrewthisconclusion__________experiments.我们是在实验的基础上得出这个结论的。3.Shedoesn’ttalkmuch,butwhatshesays_______________.她不多讲话，但言之有理。4.___________,we’dbetterchangeourplan.换句话说，我们最好改变一下计划。5.I____________thedecisionuntilitwastoolate.等到我得知这项决定时，已经太迟了。6.Weshouldnot_________ourchildren________horrors.我们不应该让孩子看恐怖片。7.Theyhaveto________theriverfortheirwater.他们用水只好依靠这条河。8.IfIgainanymoreweight,Ishan’tbeableto____________myclothes.假如我的体重还要增加，我就穿不进我的衣服了。9.Ingivenconditionsabadthingcan__________agoodone.在一定条件下，坏事可以变好事。10.Manyyoungpeoplehavevolunteeredtoreclaimtheremoteregionsoftheirmotherland___________thecalloftheParty.许多青年人响应党的号召自愿去开垦祖国的边远地区。Keys:1.havenousefor2.onthebasisof3.makessense4.Inotherwords5.wasn’tinformedof6.exposeto7.relyon8.fitinto9.beturnedinto10.inresponseto1.TheRed-crossSocieties______$1000,000fortherefugeeswholosttheirhousesinthetsunami.A.supportedB.keptC.roseD.raised2.Teachingasacareer___tomanypeoplebecauseofthelongholidays.A.attractsB.callsC.appealsD.pulls[来源:学+科3.Itisno_____arguingwithBillbecausehewillneverchangehismind.A.useB.helpC.timeD.way4.—Whydon’tyoustillunderstandthisproblem?—Theteacherdidn’thaveit_______clearly.A.explainingB.toexplainC.explainD.explained5.---HowdoyoufeelabouttakingthejobinLosAngeles?

---____?It’sthebiggestpanyinthecountry.源:Z,A.Howaboutyou

B.HowshouldIfeelC.Howdoyou

D.What6.TheChinese____preferteatocoffee.A.almost

B.nearly

C.most

D.mostly7.Mysonisveryshy,butcanyouimagine____attheEnglishparty?A.himsing

B.hissinging

C.himtosing

D.histosing8.Hedidn’twanttoseeanybody,sohespentsixhours____inthesmallroom.A.locked

B.tolock

C.locking

D.beinglocked9.____hetoldusisthenews____Chinahasgot32goldmedalsintheAthensOlympicGames,____,ofcourse,madeusfeelveryexcited.A.What;which;which

B.That;that;whichC.What;that;which

D.That;that;what10.Thankyouverymuch.Butforyou,I____inthefightyesterday.A.wouldhavebeendied

B.wouldhavebeenkilledC.shoulddie

D.wouldhavekilled11.Wehavegrown____thishouseandwouldhatetoleave.A.attachedtoB.attachingtoC.toattachtoD.tobeattachedto12.____everything____,sheleftthesupermarketwithsatisfaction.A.As,buyingB.For,tobuyC.With,boughtD.Because,tobuy13.Ihopeyouwillkeepus______ofhowyouaregettingonwiththework.A.informB.informingC.informedD.toinform14.IhaveoftenheardtheABCSong______,butIhaveneverheardAlice_______it.A.tobesung;tosingB.beingsung;sangC.sang;singingD.sung;sing15.Theoldman___abroadfortwentyyears,isonthewaybacktohismotherland.A.toworkB.workingC.tohaveworkedD.havingworkedKeys:1.D2.C3.A4.D5.B6.D7.B8.A9.C10.B11.A12.C13.C14.D15.D__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________一.单选(2014丰台二模)1._______withcare,thecarcanserveyoumorethantenyears. A.Driving B.Driven C.Todrive D.Drive2.There’shardlyanytrafficandyou______reallygofast. A.can B.must C.would D.need3.Twenty-fivecountries_______forhelpinthesearchforthemissingshipthesedays. A.haveasked B.wasasked C.havebeenasked D.asked4.——CouldIuseyourputerthisafternoon? ——Sorry,I_______livefootballmatchesonline. A.willbewatching B.willhavewatched C.havewatched D.waswatching5. _______hardformanyyears,LiNaharvestedtherewardsofherefforts. A.Towork B.Working C.Worked D.Havingworked6. You’dbetterstopsmoking,_______yourhealthwillbreakdown. A.and B.but C.or D.yet7. Studyingabroadgivesyouachance_______differentcultures. A.experiencing B.toexperience C.experienced D.experience8. Itisworthconsidering_______theKoreandramaManfromtheStarsissopopularinChina. A.why B.whether C.that D.which9. ——etothemovieswithus. ——Goodidea!Idoneedabreak.I_______solong. A.study B.amstudying C.havebeenstudying D.studied10. Easterisahappyholiday_______childrenenjoyhuntingforEastereggs. A.which B.where C.what D.when11. YuanLongpingtakesuptheresearchonfarmingfordecadesandthisis____hedevotesallhislifeto. A.which B.how C.where D.what12. ——Ohdear,youareallwet. ——Ididn’tbringmyumbrella.Theweatherreportsaidit______sunny. A.is B.wouldbe C.willbe D.hadbeen13. SeeingMichaelsosad,IwishI_______himthetruth. A.hadn’ttold B.wouldn’ttell C.arenottelling D.willnottell14. ——Whydidyouehere? ——Imovedhereforthejob.Therewasnoworkforme_______Icamefrom. A.why B.what C.where D.how15. _______thenewdiets,peoplewithhighbloodpressurecanliveanactivelife. A.Incaseof B.Insteadof C.Exceptfor D.Thanksto二.阅读理解AWhatissoamazingaboutgivingblood?TheNationalBloodService,whichcoversallofEnglandandNorthWales,needsnearlytwoandahalfmillionblooddonationseachyear.Whenyougiveblood,you’llbedoingoneofthemostamazingthingsanybodycoulddreamof—savingalife.___________________________Alltypesofbloodareneeded—notjustrareones.Infact,themonerthebloodtype,themoreareneeded.Soevenifyourbloodisoneofthemostmontypes—groupOforexample—youcanbesurethatbydonatingthreetimesayear,youreallyaredoingsomethingamazing.Whatisthedonationprocess?Thedonationwilllastaboutanhourinall.Whenyouarrive,youwillbeaskedafewquestionsaboutyourhealth.Thenadropofbloodwillbetakenandtestedjusttomakesureyou’renotanemic(贫血).Ifalliswell,yourdonationwillbetaken.Thisonlytakesabouttenminutes,duringwhichtime470mlofbloodwillbecollected.Mostpeoplehardlyfeelathing.Afterashortrest,adrinkandbiscuits,you’llbeupandreadytogo.Allequipmentusedinthecollectionofyourbloodisnewandisneverreused,soyoudon’thavetoworryaboutriskstoyourhealthinthecollectionofyourblood.Whocanbeeablooddonor?Beingablooddonorreallyisverysimple.Aslongasyou’reingoodhealthandagedbetween17and60,youcanbeeablooddonor.Ifyouwouldlikemoreinformationoradvice,oryouwanttobeeablooddonor,ringthedonorhelplineon08457711.Thedonorhelplineisopen24hoursaday—everydayoftheyear.1.WhichisthesubtitleofParagraph2?A.Whyshouldyoudonateblood?B.Whattypesofbloodareneeded?C.Whatshouldyouconsiderbeforedonation?D.Howmanytimesayearcanyoudonateblood?2.Beforegivingblood,youwill________.A.restforawhileB.waitforonedayC.fillinaform D.takeabloodtest3.Whatdoesthepassagetellusaboutthedonationprocess?A.Ittakesmanyhours.B.It’sdoneonputer.C.Itdoesn’tneedequipment.D.Itwon’taffectdonors’health.4.Thepurposeofthewritingisto_______.A.introducetheNationalBloodServiceB.showtheimportanceofdonationC.callonpeopletodonatebloodD.remindpeopleofthedangerBAMountainofGreenBeansAnotherenvelopeinthemail.There’smyname,AlexanderSpencer,typedonthefront.Ithrowitunderthebed.Thepilesofenvelopesaregrowing.TheenvelopeswereapplicationstoallthecollegesIwassupposedtoattend.Ididopenthefirstenvelope.ThenIsawtheapplication,allthoseblankspacesIwassupposedtofillwithmyownwriting,spacesformynameandbirthdateandgradeaverageand…statementofpurpose.Ilookedatthemforalongtime.Icouldwriteforhoursandnotfillallthosespaces.SoIputtheapplicationbackintheenvelope.Iwouldfillitoutthenextday,whenIhadtime.Butanotherenvelopearrived.Andthenthepilebegan.Thepilescaresme—itisreallylikeamonster.Allthewhile,IfeeltheweightofamillionenvelopesrainingdownonmyheaduntilmygrandmothercallsmeandwantstoknowhowIam.“Iamoverebytoomanytasks,”Isay.“Honey,youjusttakeitbitbybit,”shesays,andsheremindsmeaboutthegreenbeans.WhenIwasalittlekidIhatedgreenbeans.ButmymomsaidIcouldn’tleavethetableuntilIatetengreenbeans.Allaloneatthetable,Istaredatthegreenbeansforwhatseemedlikehours.Itwasamountainofgreenbeans.Icouldn’tdoit.MygrandmacametomeandaskedifIcouldeatonegreenbean.“ButGrandma,Ihavetoeatten!”ShesaidallIhadtodowastoeatonegreenbean.Onetinylittlegreenbean.SoIateone.Itwasbad,butnotasbadasI’dthoughtitwouldbe.ThensheaskedmeagainifIcouldeatone.SoIateonegreenbeanninemoretimes.Mygrandmadoesn’tknowabouttheenvelopes,butshetellsmeanyonecandoonethingeveryday.Backinmyroom,Ilaydownonthebed.JustlikeIusedtodowhenIwasalittlekid,Ihangmyheaddowntolookatthepileofenvelopes.Thereitis.Butinsteadofamonster,Iseeapileofgreenbeans.Who’safraidofgreenbeans?5.Envelopesarepilingupbecausetheauthor_______.doesn’tknowhowtoreplyfeelsboredofthepaperworkdoesn’twanttoattendcollegehasbeentoobusytoopenthem6.Whatdoestheauthorlearnfromthestoryofthegreenbeans?A.Agoodstartishalfdone.B.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.C.Alongjourneybeginswithasinglestep.D.AllworkandnoplaymakesJackadullboy.7.Whatdoyouthinktheauthorwilldonext?A.Hewillfillouttheapplicationsoneafteranother.B.Hewillgotothecollegethathedreamsof.C.Hewillthrowawayalltheenvelopes.D.Hewilleatupthegreenbeans.CHaveyoueverlookedtowardtheskyonafalldayandwitnessedagroupofmigratingbirds?Ifso,youprobablynotedtheV-shapedformationofthebirdsorthebirdsflyinginaball-likeformation.Whydobirdsflythisway?Manytheorieshavebeendevelopedtoexplaintheformationpatternsofdifferenttypesofbirds.Onetheoryisthatbirdsflyincertainformationstotakeadvantageofthelawsofnature.ThebirdsknowthatflyinginaV-shapedpatternwillsaveenergy.Liketheleadcyclistinaracewhodecreaseswindforceforthecyclistswhofollow,theleadbirdcutswindforceforthebirdsthatfollow.Thisdecreaseinwindforcemeansthatthebirdsuseupto70percentlessenergyduringtheirflight.Whentheleadbirdbeestired,amorerestedbirdtakesoverthatposition.Butsavingenergyisimportantformorethanonereason.Sometimesfoodisshortduringmigrationflights.Keepingenergyenablesthebirdstoflylongerdistancesbetweenmeals.Whenfoodissighted,thebirdsguideoneanotherinadifferentway.Whenabirdidentifiesafamiliarfeedingarea,itmightturnaroundinordertosignalthegrouptochangedirection.Then,thisbirdbeesthenewleader.Ithelpsguaranteethatotherbirdswillknowexactlywhereitisgoing.Thenthewholegroupmakesachangeindirection,gentlystreamingfromtheskydowntotheground.Thisformationislikeanarrowpointingtothelocationoffood.Scientistshavealsostudiedthebirdsthatsometimesflyinaball-likeformation.Researchersbelievethatthebirdsetogetherifapredator（天敌）isspotted.Thepredatormaythenbeeimpatientwaitingforasinglebirdtoflyawayfromthegroup.Thebirdswilloftendipanddiveasagroup,frustratingeventhemostpersistentenemy.Scientistsreportthatthisisaveryeffectivemethodofdefenseagainstanattack.Thebirdscarefortheirfellowfliersthroughteamwork.AstransportationexpertHenryFordoncesaid,“Ifeveryoneismovingforwardtogether,thensuccesstakescareofitself.”Whenitestoteamwork,thesefeatheredfliersareasoaringsuccess!8.Accordingtothepassage,wecanlearnthatbirds___________.A.movefasterthancyclistsB.prefertoflyinaVformationC.aresmarterthanotheranimalsD.playdifferentrolesinaformation9.Whenfoodissighted,____________.A.thegroupfollowsthediscovererB.theleadbirddecideswhattodoC.thediscovererleavesthegroupD.thewholegroupformsastream10.Toprotectthemselvesfromattack,birdswill_____________.A.breakintogroups B.eclosetogetherC.changedirections D.flyupanddown11.Whichisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.ABird’s-EyeViewofTeamwork.B.SuccessTakesCareofItself.C.TheStrongestWillSurvive.D.AScienceBehindFlying.DAMythItistruethatworldpopulationisgrowing,butthisisnotthecauseofourcurrentandfutureglobalproblems.Believingthiswillcauseustoignorethereal