2022-2023年安徽省马鞍山市大学英语6级大学英语六级重点汇总（含答案）

2022-2023年安徽省马鞍山市大学英语6级大学英语六级重点汇总（含答案）学校:________班级:________姓名:________考号:________

一、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(20题)1.

Whatispeople'sattitudetowardsamixtureofbloodbetweendogsandwolves?

A.It'snotencouraged.

B.It'sstronglyprotested.

C.It'swarmlywelcomed.

D.It'srespondedindifferently.

2.

AtHighTechHigh,______arehiredtoteachcoursesonbiotechnologyorwebdesign.

3.

Trustisamatterof______ratherthanoftechnique.

4.

InScotland,thetwotypesofdivorcesprocedureinthejudicialoffer'scourtare______.

5.

MartinusvanSchalkwyk,theministerofenvironmentalaffairsandtourism,visitedthesouthDurbanbasinearlierthisyearandsaidthereweremeasuresinplaceto______.

6.Fat

Adultfatrateshavealmostquadrupledinthelast25years.Not22%ofBritonsarefatandthree-quartersareoverweight.Thenumberoffattripledin20years.10%ofsixyearoldsarefat,risingto17%of15yearolds.Becomingfatcanleadtohealthproblems,includingarthritis,heartdiseaseanddiabetes;

WhatisFat?

Your"bodymassindex"orBMIisameasureof,bodyfatbasedonheightandweight.

ABMIof:

Under20=underweight

20-25=normal

25-30=overweight

30+=fat

So,accordingtotheformula,peopleareclassedasfatiftheyhaveabodymassindexover30.Theyareoverweightifitis25-30.

ReasonstoGetFat

Fatfunctionsasenergyreservoir.Itis1aiddownwhenfoodisplentifulandthenconvertedbacktoenergywhenneeded.Normallevelsoffatarenotaproblemforthebody.Infact,they'renecessaryforittofunctionsmoothly.

Onabasiclevel,peoplebecomefatwhentheircaloricintakeishigherthantheircalorieexpenditure.However,ahostoffactorscomplicatethispicture.Anindividual'sgenetics,metabolism,cultureandlifestyle.allhavearoletoplay.

WhereisFatStoredintheBody?

Mostfatisstoredundertheskin.Butthereisalsosomeontopofyourkidneysandinsideyourliverandmuscles.Otherbodypartsthatgatherfatdependonyourgender:

•adultmen:chest,waist

•adultwomen:breasts,waistandhips

Fattissueismadeupoffatcells.Theseareliketinyplasticbagsthatholddropletsoffat.Fatcellsareonlyformedinourchildhood.Theystartgrowingwhileweareinourmothers'pregnancy.Thenextstageofgenerationisduringpuberty(青春期),whenthesexhormonesaretriggered.Itdefinestheareasinwhichthefatcellsgrow.Theamountoffatthebodywantstostoreisthoughttobeproportionaltothetotalnumberoffatcells.

Afterpuberty,wedonotgrowanymorefatcells.Ourceilsjustexpandorshrinktoaccommodatethefatinsideourbodies.

TheproblemwithChildhoodFat

Ifachildbecomesfattheirbodyprocessescanchange.SomeofthesemayBedifficultorevenimpossibletoalterinadulthood.

Fatceilsarelaiddowninthefirstfewyearsoflife.Iffatisstoredquickly,morefatcellsarecreated.Soafatchildcanhaveuptothreetimesasmanyasanormalchild.Eventually,fatcellsstopmultiplyingandanadulthasafixednumberfortherestoftheirlife.Theexistingcellssimplyenlargeorshrinktoaccommodatemorefat.

Healthproblemsforkids—Fewhealthproblemsareobservedinobsesschildren.Buttheymaydevelopconditionsthatcauseproblemslaterinlife,suchashighbloodpressure.

Theymayalsosufferfrom"sleepapnoea(呼吸暂停)".Whenthishappens,softtissueinthethroatblockstheairwaysduringsleep.Thiscanstoptheirbreathingforuptoaminute.Thisprocesscanhappenhundredsoftimesanight,leadingtoheartdisease,memoryproblems,headachesandfatigue.

DiabetesriskSomefatchildrenmaydeveloptypeⅡdiabetes.Normallythisconditiononlystartsmuchlaterinlife.Whenitstrikes,thebodystopsbeingabletoprocesssugarproperlyandthecellsarestarvedofenergy.TypeⅡdiabetescannotbecured,butitcanbetreated.Itmayleadtocomplicationssuchasnervedamage,heartdisease,kidneydiseaseandblindness.Childrenwiththisconditionwillhavetolivewithitalltheirlives,increasingthechanceofcomplications.

WhatTreatmentsAreAvailable?

Newdrugs—Currentweigh-lossdrugsaremainlyamphetamine(安非他明，一种药品)based.Theyincreasetheamountofsomehormonesintheblood,loweringhungerlevels.However,theyarenots

A.YB.NC.NG

7.

Aswearestillignorantofmillionsofuniquelifeformsintherainforest,deforestationcanbecomparedtothedestructionof______.

8.

______isatthecoreoftheArabworld.

9.

Thetypeofhostage-takerthatNYpoliceofficercopewithmostoftenisthosein______.

10.

People'sworrythat______isempiricallyfalse.

11.

SomeresearchersarenetcementwithIQtestbecausetheythinkthatintelligenceis______.

12.

Itissuggestedthattheauthor'ssuggestionissomethinglikeusingboththestick______.

13.

ThecombinationofFord,GMandDaimlerChrysleraimstocompresswastefrom______.

A.health-caresystem

B.managementsystem

C.thehugeprocurementsystem

D.suppliers'products

14.

Oncethepolicebookasuspectunderafakename,itisdifficulttogetthenameoffthelist,because______.

A.itisbannedbypolice

B.thepolicearenotwillingtoremoveit

C.ittakesthepolicealotoftimetoremoveit

D.itmakesthepoliceembarrassed

15.

Theartificialjointwith,beingagoodimitationofnaturalboneprotein,canattractbonecellsandbecomequicklyincorporatedintothebody.

16.

Whatultimatelyholdspeoplebackfromattainingtheiridealsis______.

17.

Itisveryimportanttheactualpopulationintheworldisontheincrease.

A.YB.NC.NG

18.

Somepsychologistsinsistthatdreamscontainimageswithuniversalmeanings.

A.YB.NC.NG

19.

Oftenstudentsarequite______thattheyaremovingtheirheadswhilereading.

20.

TheS&P500indexroseby2.3%onJuly29thasaresultof______.

A.interruptionoftheministerialtalks

B.thehealthypaceofglobeGDP

C.thegrowthoftheworld'sGDPby$70billion

D.otherfactors

二、3.ListeningComprehension(20题)21.听力原文：M:Ow！Thathurts!

W:Whathappened?Didyoucutyourself?.

M:Yes—ontheedgeofthispaper.Howcansuchalittlecuthurtsomuch?I'mnotevenbleeding,butmyfingerreallyhurts.

W:Youknow,Ireadsomethingaboutthat.Itturnsoutthatalittlecutonafingercanhurtalotmorethanabigcutsomewhereelse.

M:Why?Thatdoesn'tmakeanysense.

W:Actually,itdoes.Therearemorenerveendingsinyourhandsthanalmostanywhereelseinthebody,andit'sthenerveendingsthatallowyoutofeelpain.

M:Iguessthat'strue.

W:Also,alittlecutlikeyourswon'tdamagethenerveendings,justirritatethem.Iftheyweredamaged,you'dfeellesspain,butthewoundcouldbemoreserious.

M:SoIsupposeIshouldbehappymyfingerhurtssomuch?

W:Right.Nowgogetyourselfbandage.

M:Why?Youjusttoldmeit'snotserious.

W:It'snot,butitdoesseemtobebotheringyou.Puttingabandageoverthecutwillkeeptheskinfromdryingandwillhelpkeeptheskintogether.Iftheskinstaystogether,thenerveendingswon'tbeexposed,andthecutwillhurtless.

(24)

A.Howmuchthecuthurt.

B.Howdeepthecutwas.

C.Howeasilyhewascut.

D.Howconcernedthewomanwas.

22.听力原文：W:AfterI'vefinishedreadingthisbook,Icanlendittoyouifyouareinterested.

M:IfI'minterested!I'vebeentryingtoborrowiteverywhere:

Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?

(14)

A.Heisnotinterestedinthebook.

B.He'dliketoreadthebookverymuch.

C.Hehasalreadyreadthebook.

D.Hehasborrowedthesamebook.

23.

【B2】

24.(14)

A.MaryisgoingtoHawaii.

B.Maryhasbeentomanycountries.

C.Marylikespostcards.

D.Maryistravelingonbusiness.

25.听力原文：W:Hello,Steven.Howareyou?

M:Nottoobad,thankyouAnn.Howdidyougetonintheexams?

W:I'mnotsure.Ihaven'tgotallmyresultsyet,butI'msogladwe'recominguptotheendofthesemester.Ireallyneedaholiday,soI'mgoingcampingwithsomefriends.Whatareyoudoingoverthesemesterbreak?

M:Ihaven'tgotanyplanyet.Idon'treallyhaveenoughmoneytoflyhome.IsupposeIcouldgetapart-timejobandearnsomemoney,butIdon'treallywantto.Thenagain,maybeIcouldstartstudyingfornextsemester.

W:Well,Ithoughtaboutdoingsomesummercourses,butIdecidedthat'snotagoodidea.Ineedtodosomethingcompletelydifferent.Youdotoo.Whydon'tyoujoinmewithmyfriendsonthecampingtrip?

M:Well,Idon'tknowreally.Wouldyourfriendsmind?

W:Ofcoursenot.They'dbehappytohaveyoualong.We'regoingdowntotheRoyalNationalPark.Haveyoubeenthere?

M:No,Ihaven't.It'ssomewheresouthofSydney,isn'tit?

W:Yes,it'salmost80kilometerssoothofSydney.

M:Sowhatequipmentdoweneedtobringwithusifwe'regoing?Dowehavetocarryallourfoodforaweek?

W:No.We'veorganizedforthefoodtogodownwithavan,sowedon'thavetocarrytoomuch.Butyou'llneedtobringasleepingbag.

M:Oh,thankyou.AndwhattypeofclothesshouldIbring?Like,what'stheweathergoingtobelike?

W:Bathingsuit.Youcanswimintheriver.Andgoodhikingbootsandsocks.

M:Doweneedaguide?

W:Oh,no.Look,here'samap.I'llshowyou...

(23)

A.She'sgotgoodresultsinallsubjects.

B.Shehasnoclearideaaboutalltheresults.

C.Shehasn'tgotverygoodresultsinsomesubjects.

D.Shedoesn'tcareaboutthematall.

26.

【B8】

27.SectionC

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfrom36to43withtheexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Forblanksnumberedfrom44to46youarerequiredtofillinthemissinginformation.Fortheseblanks,youcaneitherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthe

听力原文：Jazzbeganintheearly20thcenturyasakindofmusicofblackAmericans.Itwas(36)intendedforsinging,fordancing,andforentertainmentandatmosphereatpartiesorsocial(37)gatherings.

JazzhascontinuedtodevelopandhasproducedsomeoftheUnitedStates'leadingsingers,instrumentalists,and(38)composers.Today,it's(39)consideredbymanytobeAmerica'sartmusic.Ithasalso(40)influencedalmosteveryotherkindofmusicinAmerica,Europe,andeventhe(41)Orient.

Jazzrepresentsa(42)blendingofmusicalelementsfromAfricaandfromEurope.JazzusessomeEuropeanideasof(43)harmonyandmelody,buttherhythmsaremoreAfricaninorigin.Andjazzispolyrhythmic,(44)whichmeansitusesmanyrhythmsaroundonebasicrhythm.

Themostimportantfeatureofjazzisimprovisation.(45)Toimprovisemeanstomakesomething,uponthespurofthemoment.Thisisthewayjazzisusuallyplayed.Jazzmusicianshavelearnedtoimprovisesowellthattheycanmakeupexcellentmelodiesastheyplay.AgoodJazzplayerseldomplaysanythingthesamewaytwice.(46)Thuslisteningto.jazzisnotlikehearingapieceofmusicthatwaswrittenlongago.Itislikebeingtherewhenthemusicisfirstbeingmade.

Jazzbeganintheearly20thcenturyasakindofmusicofblackAmericans.Itwas【B1】forsinging,fordancing,andforentertainmentandatmosphereatpartiesorsocial【B2】.

JazzhascontinuedtodevelopandhasproducedsomeoftheUnitedStates'leadingsingers,instrumentalists,and【B3】.Today,it's【B4】bymanytobeAmerica'sartmusic.Ithasalso【B5】almosteveryotherkindofmusicinAmerica,Europe,andeventhe【B6】.

Jazzrepresentsa【B7】ofmusicalelementsfromAfricaandfromEurope.JazzusessomeEuropeanideasof【B8】andmelody,buttherhythmsaremoreAfricaninorigin.AndJazzispolyrhythmic,【B9】.

ThemostimportantfeatureofJazzisimprovisation.【B10】.Jazzmusicianshavelearnedtoimprovisesowellthattheycanmakeupexcellentmelodiesastheyplay.AgoodJazzplayerseldomplaysanythingthesamewaytwice.【B11】.

【B1】

28.(26)

A.Thenortherndidn'thaveenougharmyforthewar.

B.it'shardtochangesouthernpeople'swill.

C.It'stoodistanttofightthewar.

D.Thenortherngovernmentdidn'tcommittothewar.

29.听力原文：M:You'regoingtomakeatriptoSanFrancisco,aren'tyou?

W:Yes.ButIhaven'tgottheplaneticketyet.I'mthinkingofpostponingthetriptonextmonthsincethisisthebusiestmonthfortheairlines.

Q:Whatdoweknowaboutthewomanfromthisconversation?

(14)

A.Shehastochangethetimeforthetrip.

B.Shehasn'tdecidedwheretogonextmonth.

C.Shecan'taffordthetimeforthetrip.

D.Shewillmanagetoleavethismonth.

30.(31)

A.Awideselectionofinvestments.

B.Alimitedrangeofstocks.

C.Agroupoflowriskbondsandcash.

D.Avarietyoffunds.

31.(28)

A.Theyattemptedtoburntheschoolbuildingdown.

B.Theyattemptedtocallthelocalpolice.

C.Theyattemptedtouselawsagainstthosestudents.

D.TheyattemptedtokillCrandall.

32.听力原文：AlbertSchweitzerwasbornin1875inAlsace.Atthattime,itwasapartofGermany.[32]Hisgenerousspiritwasfirstawakenedthroughhistrainingasapreacher.Besidesgainingareputationaspreacher,[33]healsobecamerespectedforhisabilitytoplaytheorgan.[35]Hewasamanofmanytalents.Hisconcernforotherpeopleturnedhisattentiontomedicine.Hehadalsoacquireddoctoraldegreesinphilosophyandmusic.Hiswifetookaninterestinmedicinealsoandbecameanurse.ManypeoplethoughtthatheshouldremainandlectureinEuropetohaveastrongimpactonWesterncivilization.Thoughhelistenedtotheirsuggestions,heultimatelydecidedtofollowhisownconscience.ThisledhimtoAfrica.[34]Alberthadfeltthatallmenshouldaccepttheresponsibilityofhelpingothers.HefeltparticularlyconcernedforblackAfricanswhohadbeenexploitedbywhitemen.Heearnedthemoneyheneededbyperformingontheorganandbylecturing.WiththismoneyheboughtequipmentandopenedahospitalinAfrica.Hewasamanofgreatstrengthwhofacedgreatproblemswithcourage.Thethreatofwar,therealityofimprisonmentduringWorldWarOneasaGermancitizenandtheunbearableheatinAfricadidnotmakehimretreatatall.[35]Hebelievedthatamancouldovercometheseobstaclesifhehadasenseofidealism.Hediedin1965.

(33)

A.Throughhishardworkattraining.

B.Throughhistrainingasapreacher.

C.Throughhisreputationaspreacher.

D.Throughhisattentiontomedicine.

33.(15)

A.Theairiscontaminated.

B.Peoplethereareexhausted.

C.It'stoowindyforswimming.

D.Thebeachesaredirty.

34.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD,anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.

听力原文：M:Itdoesn'tmakeanysensetogohomeforspringvacationnow.

W:That'sright.Especiallysinceyou'llbegraduatinginMay.

Q:Onwhatdidthetwospeakersagree?

(12)

A.Nottogohomeforspringvacation.

B.Nottotakeavacation.

C.Nottograduate.

D.NottogohomeaftergraduationinMay.

35.(21)

A.1000.B.100.C.200.D.2000.

36.SectionC

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfrom36to43withtheexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Forblanksnumberedfrom44to46youarerequiredtofillinthemissinginformation.Fortheseblanks,youcaneitherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthe

听力原文：Whydowecry?Canyouimaginealifewithouttears?Notonlydotearskeepyoureyeslubricated,theyalsocontainasubstancethatkillscertainbacteriasotheycan'tinfectyoureyes.Giveupyourtears,andyoulosethisonthespotdefense.Norwouldyouwanttogiveupthefloodofextratearsyouproducewhenyougetsomethingphysicalorchemicalinyoureyes.Tearsareverygoodatwashingthisirritatingstuffout.Anotherthingyoucouldn'tdowithoutyourtearsiscryfromjoy,anger,orsadness.Humansaretheonlyanimalsthatproducetearsinresponsetoemotions.Andmostpeoplesayagoodcrymakessomefeelbetter.Manyscientists,therefore,believethatcryingsomehowhelpsuscopewiththeemotionalsituations.Tearresearcher,WilliamFredistryingtofigureouthowithappens."Onepossibility",hesays,"isthattearsdischargecertainchemicalsfromyourbody"."Whenpeopletalkabout'cryitout'Ithinkthatmightactuallybe'whattheyaredoing'",hesays.

IfFredisright,whatdoyonthinkwouldhappentopeoplewhorestraintheirtears?Boys,forexample,cryonlyaboutaquarterasoftenasgirlsoncetheyreachtheirteenageyears.Andweallcryalotlessnowthanwedidasbabies.Coulditpossiblebethatwefacelessstress?Maybewefoundotherwaystodealwithit,ormaybewejustfeelembarrassed.

Whydowecry?Canyouimaginealifewithouttears?Notonlydotearskeepyoureyeslubricated,theyalsocontaina(36)______thatkillscertain(37)______sotheycan'tinfectyoureyes.Giveupyourtears,andyoulosethisonthespotdefense.Norwouldyouwanttogiveupthefloodof(38)______tearsyouproducewhenyougetsomethingphysicalorchemicalinyoureyes.Tearsareverygoodatwashingthis(39)______stuffout.Anotherthingyoucouldn'tdowithoutyourtearsiscryfromjoy,anger,orsadness.Humansaretheonlyanimalsthatproducetearsinresponseto(40)______.Andmotpeoplesayagoodcrymakessomefeelbetter.Manyscientists,therefore,believethatcrying(41)______helpsuscopewiththeemotionalsituations.Tear(42)______,WilliamFredistryingtofigureouthowithappens."One(43)______",hesays,"isthattearsdischargecertainchemicalsfromyourbody".(44)____________,hesays.

IfFredisright,(45)____________?Boys,forexample,cryonlyaboutaquarterasoftenasgirlsoncetheyreachtheirteenageyears.Andweallcryalotlessnowthanwedidasbabies.Coulditpossiblybethatwefacelessstress?(46)____________.

37.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD,anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.

(12)

A.Shewillgothroughthephysicstestwiththeman.

B.Shewillhelpthemantodosomephysicalexercise.

C.Shewillhelpthemantosolvethesephysicsproblems.

D.Shewillreviewthephysicsproblemswiththeman.

38.(36)

A.Childrenshouldsaveasmuchmoneyastheycould.

B.Childrenshouldcutcostsandplanforthefuture.

C.Childrenmayspendmoneyastheywish.

D.Childrenshouldmakesacrificestogiveallowancestothepoor.

39.SectionB

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.

听力原文：FlexibleworkinghourswereinventedinGermanyinthelate1960s,butreachedBritainin1972.Thesystemallowsworkerstostartandfinishworkwhenevertheywant,withonlytworequirements.Theseare:firstly,thatallworkersmustbepresentforcertain"key"timesintheday,andsecondly,thatallworkersmustworktheagreedtotalnumberofhoursperweek.

Thesystemhasprovedanalmosttotalsuccesswhereverithasbeentried.Asurveyof700workersonflexiblehoursshowedthreemainadvantages:abetterbalancebetweenworkingandprivatelife,avoidanceoftheneedtotravelduringrushhoursandtheabilitytobeabletofinishacertaintaskbeforeleaving.

Fromtheemployer'spointofview,thesystemtendstoincreaseproductivity,reducelaborturnoverfirst."Flexibletime"wasmainlyconfinedtowhite-collarworkers,butitisnowbeingappliedtomanualworkerstoo.

(27)

A.British.B.Americans.C.Germans.D.Japanese.

40.听力原文：W:Youhaveanunusualaccent,Mr.Robbins.Whereareyoufromoriginally,ifyoudon'tmindmeasking?

M:Notatall.IwasborninSpain,butIcametotheUnitedStateswhenIwasateenager.AndIstayedinLondonfortwoyearswhenincollege.

Q:WhatcanwelearnaboutMr.Robbins?

(15)

A.HewasborninSpain.

B.HegrewupinEngland.

C.HespenthisteenyearsinLondon.

D.HewenttoacollegeintheUSA.

三、4.ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(20题)41.

【C8】

42.What'stheattitudeoftheU.N.towardsphysicalpunishment?

A.Disapproved.B.Concerned.C.Indifferent.D.Recommended.

43.

WhichofthefollowingwasNOTmentionedbytheauthorasanAmericanprinciple?

A.Equalityofman.

B.MoralTightnessasAmericanpolicydecisions.

C.Man'scapacitytobecomeperfect.

D.Theinviolabilityoftheindividual'sintegrity.

44.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,thereisashortpassagewith5questionsorincompletestatements.Readthepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinthefewestpossiblewords.

Thatexperiencesinfluencesubsequentbehaviourisevidenceofanobviousbutneverthelessremarkableactivitycalledremembering.Learningcouldnotoccurwithoutthefunctionpopularlynamedmemory.Constantpracticehassuchaneffectonmemoryastoleadtoskillfulperformanceonthepiano,torecitationofapoem,andeventoreadingand.understandingthesewords.So-calledintelligentbehaviourdemandsmemory,rememberingbeingaprimaryrequirementforreasoning.Theabilitytosolveanyproblemoreventorecognizethataproblemexistsdependsonmemory.Typically,thedecisiontocrossastreetisbasedonrememberingmanyearlierexperiences.

Practice(orreview)tendstobuildandmaintainmemoryforataskorforanylearnedmaterial.Overaperiodofnopracticewhathasbeenlearnedtendstobeforgotten;andtheadaptiveconsequencesmaynotseemobvious.Yet,dramaticinstancesofsuddenforgettingcanbeseentobeadaptive.Inthissense,theabilitytoforgetcanbeinterpretedtohavesurvivedthroughaprocessofnaturalselectioninanimals.Indeed,whenone'smemoryofanemotionallypainfulexperienceleadstoseriousanxiety,forgettingmayproducerelief.Nevertheless,anevolutionaryinterpretationmightmakeitdifficulttounderstandhowthecommonlygradualprocessofforgettingsurvivednaturalselection.

Inthinkingabouttheevolutionofmemorytogetherwithallitspossibleaspects,itishelpfultoconsiderwhatwouldhappenifmemoriesfailedtofade.Forgettingclearlyaidsorientationintime,sinceoldmemoriesweakenandthenewtendtostandout,providingcluesforinferringduration.Withoutforgetting,adaptiveabilitywouldsuffer;forexample,learnedbehaviourthatmighthavebeencorrectadecadeagomaynolongerbe.Casesarerecordedofpeoplewho(byordinarystandards)forgotsolittlethattheireverydayactivitieswerefullofconfusion.Thusforgettingseemstoservethesurvivaloftheindividualandthespecies.

Anotherlineofthoughtassumesamemorystoragesystemoflimitedcapacitythatprovidesadaptiveflexibilityspecificallythroughforgetting.Inthisview,continualadjustmentsaremadebetweenlearningormemorystorage(input)andforgetting(output).Indeed,thereisevidencethattherateatwhichindividualsforgetisdirectlyrelatedtohowmuchtheyhavelearned.Suchdataoffergrosssupportofcontemporarymodelsofmemorythatassumeaninput-outputbalance.

AccordingtoPara.1,memoryplaysanimportantrolein______.

45.

Comparedwiththecrow,GenusEumenusseemstodisplaythenumbersense______ratherthanconsciously.

46.

Whatdoestheauthormeanby"betteroff"inParagraph3?

A.richerB.wiserC.happierD.luckier

47.

Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?

A.O'Pepsicogoesbankrupt.

B.Thenumberofsupermarketsdoubles.

C.JimBrowntakesanegativeattitudetowardsthedevelopmentoffastfood.

D.McDonald'ssurvivesfromthecompetitionwithretailfoodstores.

48.

ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatthenewproductsofPanasonic,Netgear,Marantz______.

A.candirectlymovedatabyhomeelectricalwiring

B.areadaptersorasimilarsystemtotransferdata

C.providethepresentWi-Ficriteriaforwirelessnetworking

D.wereproducedforhomeelectricallineslastmonth

49.

Wemaysavesometypesoftreesusedinpapermakingby______.

50.OnDecember21st,justintimefortheseasonalfestivities,theBushadministrationraisedtheterroralertfrom"elevated"to"high".Thisisthefifthtimethatthealerthasbeenraisedto"codeorange"—butitlooksasifitcouldbekeptatthislevelforquitesometime.Officialsseemedtobemorenervousthanusual,sinceunlikepreviousdecisionstoraisethethreatlevel,thisonewasapparentlyunanimousamongofficialsintheUnitedStatesDepartmentofDefense.Askedwhetherthealertwas"trulyserious",DonaldRumsfeld,thedefensesecretary,replied"yes,youbetyourlife".

Theauthoritieshavenoticedamarkedincreasein"chatter".Theyhavealsopickedupspecificthreats—someofthem,itseems,todowithhijackingaircraftandcrashingthemintobuildings.Thetargetsreportedlyincludedsomebigcities,forexample,LasVegasisaparticularworry,butmoreobscureplaceswerealsochatteredabout,includingRappahannockCounty,orperhapsthetownofTappahannock,bothinruralVirginia,andValdez,inAlaska.ThepointofanysuchterrorismwouldbetomakesurethatnoAmericananywherefeltsafe.

Aparticularfocusofconcernhasbeenflightsfromabroad.AirFrancecanceledsixflightsbetweenParisandLosAngelesatAmericangovernment'srequest.Frenchauthoritiesquestionedandreleasedadozenorsopassengersbutseveralpeoplewithtickets,includingonewhowasreportedlyatrainedpilot,failedtoturnupfortheflight.OnDecember29thsomeinternationalairlineswereorderedtoplacearmedairmarshalsonflightsovertheUnitedStates.

Ontopofallthis,therehavealsobeenmorefamiliarsigns