2011年全国职称英语等级考试真题及答案综合类(A)

经典word整理文档，仅参考，双击此处可删除页眉页脚。本资料属于网络整理，如有侵权，请联系删除，谢谢！年全国职称英语等级考试真题及答案综合类（A级）2011-8-310:36中华会计网校【大中小】【打印】【我要纠错】第1部分：词汇选项（第1-15题，每题1分，共15分）下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。1Forsomeobscurereason,thesimplegameisbecomingverypopular.AunclearBobviousCmajorDminor2Theseaturtle'snaturalhabitathasbeenconsiderablyreduced.AgreatlyBsuddenlyCgenerallyDslightly3IgotanotefromMoiraurgingmetogetintouch.AinstructingBnotifyingCpushingDinviting4Itispossibletoapproachtheprobleminadifferentway.AraiseBposeCexperienceDhandle5Thedecisiontoinvadeprovokedstormsofprotest.AignoredBorganizedCcausedDreceived6Janesaidthatshecouldn'ttoleratethelonghours.AspendBtakeClastDstand7At80,PeckwasstillvigorousandlivinginParis.AenergeticBhappyCaloneDbusy8Foresterstaredathiscar,tremblingwithrage.AshakingBturningCjumpingDshouting9Ayoungmanisbeinghailedaherotonightafterrescuingtwochildren.AreportedBprovedCpraisedDcaught10Iwantedtoaskheroutbutwasscaredthatshemightrefuse.AanxiousBsureCsadDafraid11Atthattime,wedidnotfullygraspthesignificanceofwhathadhappened.AgiveBattachCloseDunderstand12Andersonleftthetable,remarkingthathehadsomeworktodo.AdoubtingBsayingCthinkingDknowing13Heassertedthatnuclearpowerwasasafeandnon-pollutingenergysource.AmaintainedBrecommendedCconsideredDacknowledged14Thestudyalsonotesasteadydeclineinthenumberofcollegestudentstakingsciencecourses.ArelativeBgeneralCcontinuousDsharp15Shealwaysfindsfaultwitheverything.AcriticizesBsimplifiesCevaluatesDexamines第2部分：阅读判断（第～22题，每题1分，共7分）下面的短文列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择。TheForbiddenAppleNewYorkusedtobethecitythatneversleeps.Thesesdays,it'sthecitythatneversmokes,drinksordoesanythingnaughty(atleast,notinpublic).TheBigAppleisquicklyturningintotheForbiddenApple.IfyouwantedaglassofwinewithyourpicnicinCentralPark,couldyouhaveone?Nochance.Drinkingalcoholinpublicisn'tallowed.Ifyoudecidedtofeedthebirdswiththelastcrumbs碎屑)ofyoursandwich.,youcouldbearrested.It'sillegal.Ifyouwenttoabarforadrinkandacigarette,thatwouldbeOK,wouldn'tit?Er…no.Youcan'tsmokeinpublicinNewYorkCity.What'sgoingon?Whyisthecitythatusedtobesoopen-mindedbecominglikethis?ThemayorofNewYorkisbehinditall.Heahsbroughtinawholelotofnewlawstostopcitizensfromdoingwhattheywant,whentheywant.Thepressareshocked.EventheNewYorkpolicehavejoinedtheargument.Theyrecentlyspent$100,000ona"Don'tblamethecop"campaign.OneNewYorkpoliceofficersaid,"Weraisemoneyforthecitybygivingpeoplefinesforbreakingsomeverystupidlaws.It'sallaboutmoney."Theresultisalotoffinesforminoroffences.YoavKashida,anIsraeltourist,fellasleeponthesubway.Whenhewokeup,twopoliceofficersfinedhimbecausehehadfallenasleepontwoseats(youmustn'tusetwoseatsinthesubway).ElleandSergeSchroitmanwerefinedforblockingadrivewaywiththeircar.Itwastheirowndriveway.TheangryeditorofVanityFairmagazine,GraydonCarter,says,"UnderNewYorkCitylawitisacceptabletokeepaguninyourplaceofwork,butnotanemptyashtray."Heshouldknow.Thepolicecametohisofficeandtookawayhisashtray(烟灰缸)。ButnotalloftheNewYork'sinhabitantsarecomplaining.MarciaDugarry,72,said,"Thecityhaschangedforthebetter.Ifmorecitieshadtheselaws,Americawouldbeabetterplacetolive,"NixonPatotkis,38,abarman,said,"Ilikethenewlaws,ifpeoplesmokedinhere,we'dgohomesmellingofcigarettes."RecentfiguresshowthatNewYorknowhasfewercrimesper100,000peoplethan193otherUScities.Andit'strue-it'ssafe,cleanerandmorehealthythanbefore.Butlet'sbehonest-whogoestoNewYorkforitscleanstreets?16.SomeactivitieshaverecentlybecomeillegalinNewYork.ARightBWrongCNotmentioned17.ItisnowillegaltosmokeordrinkalcoholanywhereinNewYork.ARightBWrongCNotmentioned18.Eatingapplesintheparkisillegal.ARightBWrongCNotmentioned19.Thebusinessmenlikethenewlaws.ARightBWrongCNotmentioned20.ElleandSergeSchronitmanparkedtheircaronthepublicdriveway.ARightBWrongCNotmentioned21.TheeditorofVanityFairmagazinethinkssomeofthenewlawsarestupid.ARightBWrongCNotmentioned22.NewYorkiscleanerandsaferthanbefore.ARightBWrongCNotmentioned第3部分：概括大意与完成句子（第～30题，每题1分，共8分）下面的短文后有2123～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第14段每段选择1个最佳标题；（2）第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项。AreYouaSuccessfulLeaderAlmostnothingwedointhisworldisdoneinisolation.Atworkoratplay,you'llfindyourselfingroups,workingwithotherpeople:yourteamatwork,ameetingwithcolleagues,yourfamily,aholidaywithfriends,agroupofstudentsworkingtogether,adayoutwalkinginthemountains,agroupofneighborswantingtomakechanges.Itisnowrecognisedthatbeingabletoworksuccessfullywithotherpeopleisoneofthemajorkeystosuccess,partlybecauseweneedtodoitsooften.Inalmosteverysituationwhereyou'reinagroup,youwillneedaskilledleader.Allgroupsneedleadersandallsuccessfulgroupshavegoodleaders.Groupswithoutleadersorwithweakleadersalmostalwaysbreakdown.Membersofaleaderlessgroupoftenbegintofeeldissatisfiedandfrustrated.Timeiswastedandthetasksarenotachieved.Thereareoftenargumentsandtensionsbetweenpeopleasthereisnobodytokeepthegoalsclear.Somepersonalitiesdominateandothersdisappear.Oftengroupmembersbeginnottocometomeetingsinordertoavoidmoredisharmony.Somepeoplearenaturalleaders.Thecelebritychef,AntonioCarlucciosays,"Trueleadersarebornandyoucanspottheminkitchens."They'repeoplewhocombinetoughness,fairnessandhumour.Althoughalotofpeopleagreethattherearesomenatural-bornleaders,mostpeoplenowrecognisethatleadershipcanalsobetaught.Ourprofessionalandexperiencedstaffcantrainalmostanyonehowtobeasuccessfulleader.Goodleadersdon'tmakepeopledothingsinabossy,controllingway.Youcanlearnhowtoinvolveeveryone,encouragingthewholegrouptoworktowardsacommongoal.Ourtrainingcoursesuseactivitiesandtechniquestodeveloparangeofqualitieswhicharenecessarytobeagoodleader.Self-confidenceisvitalforyoutoovercomeyourownfearsaboutbeingaleader.Successfulleadersalsoneedtobecalmandintelligent.Theyneedtobeabletoworkoutgoodstrategiesandmakesoundjudgmentsunderpressure.Lastly,andprobablymostimportantly,goodleadersneedtobesensitive,sociableandbeabletogetonwithawiderangeofpeople.Goodleadershipisessentiallytheabilitytoinfluenceothersandgoodleadersallowallmembersofthegrouptocontribute.23.Paragraph1_____________24.Paragraph2_____________25.Paragraph3_____________26.Paragraph4_____________A.Agoodleaderneedsavarietyofqualities.B.ThesetechniquesareusedtotrainleadersC.TrainingcanmakegoodleadersD.Mostofgoodleadersarenatural-bornE.It'simportanttohaveagoodleaderF.Peopleareingroups27.Oneofthemajorkeystosuccessis_________.28.Groupsoftenbreakdownbecauseof__________.29.Goodleadersalwaysavoid___________.30.Self-confidenceisthekeyto___________..A.theabilitytoworkwithothersB.encouraginggroupmembersC.lackofgoodleadersD.bossingpeoplearoundE.workingoutgoodstrategiesF.overcomingfearsaboutbeingaleader第4部分：阅读理解（第～45题，每题3分，共45分）下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。第一篇TheSmellofMoneyFormanyyearslargesupermarketshavebeenencouragingustospendmoneybypumpingthesmelloffreshly-bakedbreadintotheirstories.NowDaleAir,aleadingfirmofaroma(香气)consultants,hasbeenapproachedbyBarclay'sBanktodevelopsuitableartificialsmellsfortheirbanks.Researchershavesuggestedthatsurroundingcustomerswiththe"smellifmoney"willencouragethemtofeelrelaxedandoptimisticandgivethemaddedconfidenceinthebank'ssecurityandprofessionalism.Butbeforeasmellcanbemanufacturedandintroducedintobanks'airconditioningsystems.Itmustbeidentifiedandchemicallyanalyzed,andthishasprovedtobedifficult.Theproblemisthatbanknotes-andcoinstendtopickupthesmelloftheirsurroundings.Socashthathasbeensittinginacashregisteratafishmonger's(鱼贩)willsmelloffish,andbanknotesusedtopayformealsinrestaurantswilltendtosmelloffood.Itmaybeachallenge,butaromaexpertshavelittledoubtthattheuseofartificialsmellscanbeaneffectiveformofsubconsciousadvertising.LunnPoly,aBritishtravelcompany,introducedthesmellofcoconuts(椰子)intoitstravelagenciesandsawabigincreaseinspendingbyholidaymakers.Manycafesnowhaveelectricdispensers(自动售货机)thatreleasethesmelloffreshlyroastedcoffeeneartheirentrances,subtlyencouragingcustomerstocomeinandhaveadrinkorsnack.EvenprestigiouscarmakerRolls-Roycehasbeensprayingtheinsideofitscarstoenhancethesmelloftheleatherseats."Thesenseofsmellisprobablythemostbasicandprimitiveofallhumansenses,"explainsresearcherJimO'Rordan."Thereisadirectpathwayfromtheolfactory(嗅觉的)organsinthenosetothebrain."Itiscertainlytruethatmostpeoplefindcertainsmellsincrediblystrong,stringingmemoriesandfeelingsinawaythatfewotherstimulants(刺激物)canrival.Itisaphenomenonmarketingconsultantshavelongrecognized,butuntilrecentlyhavebeenunabletoharness."We'vemadegreatprogressbutthetechnologyofodourproductionisstillinitsinfancy,"saysO'Riordan,"Whoknowswhereitwilltakeus."31.ArtificialsmellshaveNOTbeenusedin___________.AcafesBbanksCtravelagenciesDsupermarkets32.Researchersbelievethatintroducingthe"smellofmoney"intobankswillencouragepeople___________.AtospendmoneyBtofeelconfidentaboutbanksCtoearnmoremoneyDtowithdrawmoneyfrombanks33.Thedifficultyofproducingthe"smellofmoney"liesinthat___________.Apeople'sattitudestowardmoneyaredifferentBit'shardtoidentifyandanalyzeitCnotechnologycandoitDexpertshavenomotive34.Theword"harness"inthelastparagraphisclosestinmeaningto___________.AseeBstudyCcontrolDunderstand35.Researchersthink___________.Aartificialsmellshelptoimprovepeople'smemoryBthetechnologytoproduceartificialsmellsisintheearlystageCartificialsmellsareharmfulDtheproductionofartificialsmellsisprofitably第二篇SpoiltforChoiceChoice,wearegivento1believe,isaright.Indailylife,peoplehavecometoexpectendlesssituationsaboutwhichtheyarerequiredtomakedecisionsonewayoranother.Inthemain2,thesearejustirksomemomentsatworkwhichdemandsomeextraenergyorbrainpower,orduringlunchbreakslikechoosingwhichtypeofcoffeetoorderorindeedwhichcoffeeshoptogoto.Butsometimesselectingoneoptionasopposedtoanothercanhaveseriousorlifelongrepercussions.Morecomplexdecision-makingistheneitheravoided,postponed,orputintothehandsofthearmyofprofessionals,lifestylecoaches,lawyers,advisors,andthelike,waitingtolightentheemotionalburdenforafee.Butforagoodmanypeopleintheworld,inrichandpoorcountries,choiceisaluxury,notaright.Andforthosewhothinktheyareexercisingtheirrighttomakechoices,thewholesystemismerelyanillusion,createdbycompaniesandadvertiserswantingtoselltheirwares.Themainimpactofendlesschoiceinpeople'slivesisanxiety.Buyingsomethingasbasicasacoffeepotisnotexactlysimple.Easyaccesstoawiderangeofconsumergoodsinducesasenseofpowerlessness,evenis瘫痪）,inmanypeople,endingintheshoppergivingupandwalkingaway,orjustbuyinganunsuitableitemthatisnotreallywantedinordertosolvetheproblemandreducetheunease.RecentsurveysintheUnitedKingdomhaveshownthatasizeableproportionofelectricalgoodsboughtperhouseholdarenotreallyneeded.Theadvertisersandthemanufacturersare,nonetheless,satisfied.Itisnotjusttheiravailabilitythatistheproblem,butthespeedwithwhichnewversionsofproductscomeonthemarket.Advancesindesignandproductionmeanthatnewitemsarealmostreadybythetimethatgoodshittheshelves.Productsalsoneedtohaveashortlifespansothatthepubliccanbepersuadedtoreplacethemwithinashorttime.Theclassicexampleiscomputers,whicharealmostoutdatedoncetheyarebought.Atfirst,therewereonlyoneortwoavailablefromalimitednumberofmanufacturers,butnowtherearemanycompaniesallwithnotonlytheirownproductsbutdifferentversionsofthesamemachine.Thismakesselectionaproblem.Gonearethedayswhenonecouldjustwalkwitheaseintoashopandbuyonething;nochoice,noanxiety.Theplethora（过剩）ofchoiceisnotlimitedtoconsumeritems.Withthegreatermobilityofpeoplearoundtheworld,peoplehavemorechoiceaboutwheretheywanttoliveandwork-afairlyrecentphenomenon.Inthepast,nationsmigratedacrosshugeswathesoftheearthinsearchoffood,adventure,andmorehospitableenvironments.Wholenationscrossedcontinentsandchangedthefaceofhistory.Sothemobilityofpeopleisnothingnew.Thecreationofnationstatesandborderseffectivelyslowedthisprocessdown.36.Sometimespeopleaskprofessionalstohelpthemmakedecisionsbecause__________.AthedecisionsmayhaveseriousimpactontheirlivesBonlyprofessionalshavetherighttodothatCtheyhavesufficientmoneytopayDtheyhaveemotionalproblems37.Whenpeoplecannoteasilydecidewhattobuy,whichofthefollowingistheleastpossiblechoice?AGivingupBWalkingawayCBuyinganunsuitableitemDSeekingadvice38.Whydoproductshaveashortlifespannowadays?ATheyareofpoorquality.BTheyarequicklyreplacedwithnewones.CTheyhavetoomanyversions.DTheyarenotdesignedbycomputers.39.Howdoesmigrationtodaydifferfromthatofthepast?APeoplenowmigratetofindbetterjobs.BPeoplenowmigrateforbetterlife.CPeoplenowmigrateforbetterenvironments.DPeoplenowhavemorechoiceaboutwheretomigrate.40.Whichofthefollowingbestexpressesthewriter'sviewonchoice?ABettermorechoicethannochoiceBBetternochoicethanmorechoiceCAllchoiceiseasyDMorechoice,moreanxiety第三篇CellPhones:HangUporKeepTalking?Millionsofpeopleareusingcellphonestoday.Inmanyplacesitisactuallyconsideredunusualnottouseone.Inmanycountries,cellphonesareverypopularwithyoungpeople.Theyfindthatthephonesaremorethanameansofcommunication-havingamobilephoneshowsthattheyarecoolandconnected.Theexplosionsaroundtheworldinmobilephoneusemakesomehealthprofessionalworried.Somedoctorsareconcernedthatinthefuturemanypeoplemaysufferhealthproblemsfromtheuseofmobilephones.InEngland,therehasbeenaseriousdebateaboutthisissue.Mobilephonecompaniesareworriedaboutthenegativepublicityofsuchideas.Theysaythatthereisnoproofthatmobilephonesarebadforyourhealth.Ontheotherhand,whydosomemedicalstudiesshowchangesinthebraincellsofsomepeoplewhousemobilephones?Signsofchangeintheissuesofthebrainandheadcanbedetectedwithmodernscanning(扫描)equipment.Inonecase,atravelingsalesmanhadtoretireatayoungagebecauseofseriousmemoryloss.Hecouldn'trememberevensimpletasks.Hewouldoftenforgetthenameofhisownson.Thismanusedtotalkonhismobilephoneforaboutsixhoursaday,everydayofhisworkingweek,foracoupleofyears.Hisfamilydoctorblamedhismobilephoneuse,buthisemployer'sdoctordidn'tagree.Whatisitthatmakesmobilephonespotentiallyharmful?Theanswerisradiation.High-techmachinescandetectverysmallamountsofradiationfrommobilephones.Mobilephonecompaniesagreethatthereissomeradiation,buttheysaytheamountistoosmalltoworryabout.Asthediscussionabouttheirsafetycontinues,itappearsthatit'sbesttousemobilephoneslessoften.Useyourregularphoneifyouwanttotalkforalongtime.Useyourmobilephoneonlywhenyoureallyneedit.Mobilephonescanbeveryusefulandconvenient,especiallyinemergencies.Inthefuture,mobilephonesmayhaveawarninglabelthatsaystheyarebadforyourhealth.Sofornow,it'swisenottouseyourmobilephonetoooften41.PeoplebuycellphonesforthefollowingreasonsEXCEPTthat_____________.Athey'repopularBthey'recheapCthey'reusefulDthey'reconvenient42.Theworld"detected"inparagraph3couldbebestreplacedby_____________.AcuredBremovedCdiscoveredDcaused43.Thesalesmanretiredyoungbecause_____________.AhedislikedusingmobilephonesBhewastiredoftalkingonhismobilephoneChecouldn'tremembersimpletasksDhisemployer'sdoctorpersuadedhimto44.Onthesafetyissueofmobilephones,themanufacturingcompanies_____________.AdenytheexistenceofmobilephoneradiationBdevelopnewtechnologytoreducemobilephoneradiationCtrytoprovethatmobilephonesarenotharmfultohealthDholdthattheamountofradiationistoosmalltoworryabout45.Thewriter'spurposeofwritingthisarticleistoadvisepeople_____________.AtobuymobilephonesBtoupdateregularphonesCtousemobilephoneslessoftenDtostopusingmobilephones第5部分：补全短文（第46-50题，每题2分，共10分）下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。Mt.DesertIslandThecoastoftheStateofMaineisoneofthemostirregularintheworld.Astraightlinerunningfromthesouthernmostcoastalcitytothenorthernmostcoastalcitywouldmeasureabout225miles.Ifyoufollowedthecoastlinebetweenthesepoints,youwouldtravelmorethantentimesasfar.Thisirregularityistheresultofwhatiscalledadrownedcoastline____(46)Atthattime,thewholeareathatisnowMainewaspartofamountainrangethattoweredabovethesea.Astheglacier(冰川)descended,however,itexpendedenormousforceonthosemountains,andtheysankintothesea.Asthemountainssank,oceanwaterchargedoverthelowestpartsoftheremainingland,formingaseriesoftwistinginletsandlagoons(咸水湖).Thehighestpartsoftheformermountainrange,nearesttheshore,remainedasislands.____(47)Marinefossilsfoundherewere225feetabovesealevel,indicatingtheleveloftheshorelinepriortotheglacier.The2,500-mile-longrockycoastlineofMarinekeepswatchovernearlytwothousandislands.Manyoftheseislandsaretinyanduninhabited,butmanyarehometothrivingcommunities.Mt.DesertIslandisoneofthelargest,mostbeautifuloftheMainecoastislands.Measuring16milesby12miles.Mt.Desertwasessentiallyformedastwodistinctislands,_____(48)Foryears,Mt.DesertIsland,particularlyitsmajorsettlement,BarHarbor,affordedsummerhomeforthewealthy.Recentlythough,BarHarborhasbecomearapidlygrowingartscommunityaswell.But,thebestpartoftheislandistheunspoiledforestlandknownasAcadiaNationalPark.Becausetheislandsitsontheboundarylinebetweenthetemperate(带)andsub-Arcticzones,theislandssupportstheplantsandanimalsofbothzonesaswellasbeach,inland,andalpine(高山的)plants.____(49).TheestablishmentofAcadiaNationalParkin1916meansthatthisnaturalreservewillbeperpetuallyavailabletoallpeople,notjustthewealthy.VisitorstoAcadiamayreceivenatureinstructionfromtheparknaturalistsaswellasenjoycamping,cycling,andboating.Ortheymaychoosetospendtimeatthearcheologicalmuseum,learningabouttheStoneAgeinhabitantsoftheisland.ThebestviewonMt.DesertIslandisfromthetopofCadillacMountain.____(50)Fromthesummit,youcangazebacktowardthemainlandoroutovertheAtlanticOceanandcontemplatethebeautycreatedbyaretreatingglacier.AItalsoliesinamajorbirdmigrationlaneandisarestingspotformanybirds.BMt.DesertIslandisoneofthemostfamousofalloftheislandsleftbehindbytheglacierCThewealthyresidentsofMt.DesertIslandselfishlykeptittothemselves.DThetermcomesfromtheactivityoftheiceage.EThismountainrises1,532feet,makingitthehighestmountainontheAtlanticseaboard.FItissplitalmostinhalfbySomesSound,adeepandnarrowstretchofwatersevenmileslong.第6部分：完形填空（第51-65题，每题1分，共15分）下面的短文有15处空白，请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个最佳选项。SexchangesurgeryguidelinesdraftedChinaissettoissueitsfirstclinicalguidelineonsex-changetoanoticeputonthewebsiteoftheMinistryofHealthyesterday.Theministryisnowsoliciting(征求)publicandprofessional__________(51)onthedraftguideline.Thecomingguidelineaimstoregulateandstandardizesexreassignmentsurgery.Experts__________(52)nearly2，000Chinesehaveundergonesex-changesurgerywhile，000to400，000arestillconsideringit.However，noofficialnumberisavailable.Inthedraft，theMOHsetsminimum__________(53)forbothsurgicalcandidatesandmedicalinstitutions.Candidatesforthesurgerymustbeolderthan20andsingle，thedraftguidelinesaid.Theyarealsorequiredtoproveapersistent__________(54)forasexchange，toliveforatleastfiveconsecutiveyearsfull-timeinthenewgenderroltoengageinmentaltherapyforatleastoneyear.Beforesurgerycantakeplace，acandidatemustreceivearecommendationfortheoperationfroma__________(55)afteranappropriateseriesoftherapysessions.Also，severallegalrequirementsmustbemet__________(56)theprocedure.Thecandidatemustprovideprooffrompolicethatheorshehasdoesnothaveanycriminal__________(57)inthepast.Policemustalsoagreetochangethesexstatusontheidentitycardoftheprospective(未来的)receiverbeforethe__________(58)cantakeplace.Theadvent出现)ofsuchaguidelineisbelievedtoshowthatthegovernmentisconcerned__________(59)theneedsofarelativelysmallnumberofpeoplewhowanttochangesex.Butdoctorsalsowarn__________(60)allstakeholders，includingthehospitalandprospectivereceivers，shouldbehighlycautiousaboutthissurgery.Theoperationismorethanamedical__________(61)duetoitshugesocialandlegalconsequences.Doctorsshouldmakeitcleartothose__________(62)sex-changesurgeriesthattheoptionalwaysremainstocontinuetoliveintheoriginalrole.Theguideline__________(63)surgeonstotellpatientsaboutotheroptionssuchashormonetherapy.Theyarealsorequiredtoexplainthe__________(64)involved，andunderlyingsocialbarriersincludingdiscrimination，andadministrativerecognitionandapproval.Forthecandidatesthesurgeryitselfisnotthe__________(65)issueinthelongrun.Therealissueisthekindoflifeheorshewillhavetoleadafterward.51.ApoliciesB.placesC.opinionsD.services52.AacknowledgeB.estimateC.suggestD.advocate53.ApatternB.recordC.criteriaD.example54.AproblemB.desireC.effortD.feedback55.ApsychologistB.physicistC.chemistD.geologist56.AbeforeB.afterC.underD.during57.AcourtsB.offencesC.tendenciesD.damages58.AaccidentB.debateC.conferenceD.operation59.AaboutB.withC.toD.of60.AifB.whileC.whatD.that61.AprocedureB.careC.conditionD.examination62.AfollowingB.helpingC.studyingD.seeking63.ArecommendsB.putsC.requiresD.warns64.ArisksB.differencesC.reasonsD.facts65.AsocialB.bigC.economicD.current2011年度全国职称英语等级考试综合类（A级）试题题解第1部分：词汇选项1Aobscureunclear同义，obviousobscure的反义词；major和minor分别为主要的和次要的意思。2、Aconsiderably意为相当大地、在很大程度上"，是副词，修饰动词，故用greatly替换。又如:HisEnglishhasbeenconsiderablyimproved.他的英语大有起色。slightly为它的反义词。3、C动词urge"敦促、催促的意思，push通常的意义是推，但可以转义而具有和urge相同的意义，又如：Theresidentsarepushingthelocalauthoritiestotakememeasurestohandlethepollutionproblemimmediately.居民们敦促地方当局立即采取措施处理污染问题。4、Dapproach做动词有多种解释，其中一种和handle意义相近，即处理、对待等，如：approachtheissuewithanimpartialattitude已不偏不倚的态度来对待这个问题，approachthesubjectfromahistoricalpointofview从历史的角度来看这个主题。5Cprovoke是:provokeindignationofthepublic激起公愤，cause可以表达同样的意义，但要普通得多。6、Dtolerate是忍受的意思，如:toleratetheheat忍受酷热，toleratetheloneliness忍受孤独，toleratethehumiliation忍受侮辱。和它同义的词常用的有bear,endure和stand。7、Avigorous是活力充沛的意思，和energetic同义8Atrembling是动词tremble的-ing发抖，在四个选项中只有shaking具有同样的意义。9、Chail这个动词有"热情赞扬、欢呼认可等意思，如:Theyhailedtheyoungpianistforhismarvelousperformance.他们对那位年轻钢琴家的出色演奏大家赞扬。Thebanditshailedhimtheirleader.土匪们拥他为王。注意本句中的谓语动词Theyoungmanisbeinghailed...是被动式，现在进行时。10、Dscared是害怕"的意思，很常用，如:Thekidswereallscaredbyhisfiercelook.孩scared并非"惧怕担心afraid相当。11、Dgrasp这个动词是抓住的意思，可用于具体的事物，如:grasptherope/myhand抓住绳索/抓住我的手，也可以用于抽象的概念，如：graspthemainidea/hismeaning抓住要点/理解他的意思。在本句中graspthesignificanceofwhathadhappened就相当于understandthesignificanceofwhathadhappened.12、Bremark这个动词就是说的意思，所以这里就用saying来代替它。13、Aassert是个比较正式的词，表示声言、提出主张等，故和表示自己立场的maintain同义。Recommend推荐，consider考虑，acknowledge承认。14、Csteady是稳定的意思，asteadydecline则是稳步下降，在这个上下文中可以用continuous来代替它，即不断下降。Sharpdecline则是急剧下降。15、Afindfaultwithsomething/someone是个固定的表达式，意为找茬、吹毛求疵，所以和criticize（批评）基本同义。第2部分：阅读判断16、A在第二段里给了好几个例子，如在公共场所不许喝酒、不许用面包屑喂鸟、酒吧里不许抽烟等，说明在纽约有些行为最近被定为违法。17、B文章只说在纽约公共场所不得抽烟，并非在所有的地方都禁止抽烟，也不是在哪里都不可以喝含酒精的饮料，在酒吧还是可以喝的。18、C文中没有提到在公园里不可以吃苹果。19、C文中说到某些人对新的法规的反应，但没有讲到商人们的反应如何。20、B文中原句是这样说的:ElleandSergeSchroitmanwerefinedforblockingadrivewaywiththeircar.Itwastheirowndriveway.他们挡住的车道并非是公共车道，而是他们自己的车道。21ATheangryeditorofVanityFaireGraydon"UnderNewYorkCitylawitisacceptabletokeepaguninyourplaceofwork，butnotanemptyashtray."虽然这位编辑没有用stupid:枪支可以带到工作场所，但却不可以带一个空的烟灰缸。22、A从文章的最后一段可见。第3部分：概括大意与完成句子23、F第一段的第一句话就讲世上几乎没有什么事我们是单枪匹马去完成的。接着举了好几个人们在群体中生活和工作的例子。所以Peopleareingroups.正是本段的中心。24、E本段的第一句Inalmosteverysituationwhereyou'reinagroup，youwillneedaskilledleader.就是它的主题句。本段要讲的就是任何一个群体都需要有一个领导者。25、C本段虽然以Somepeoplearenatural（有些人生来就是当头的。）开始，但作Althougha1otofpeopleagreethattherearesomenatural-bornleaders，mostpeoplenowrecognizethatleadershipcanalsobetaught.这句话可以看到。所以Trainingcanmakegood1eaders.概括了本段的大意。26、A本段的第一句是它的主题句:Ourtrainingcoursesuseactivitiesandtechniquestodeveloparangeofqualitieswhicharenecessarytobeagoodleader.arangeofqualities就是avarietyofqualities，即各种素质。27、A答案可见第一段的最后一句:...being