2021-2022年四川省攀枝花市大学英语6级大学英语六级重点汇总（含答案）

2021-2022年四川省攀枝花市大学英语6级大学英语六级重点汇总（含答案）学校:________班级:________姓名:________考号:________

一、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(20题)1.Exercisesingratitude,kindnessandoptimismcanmakepeoplehappier--butonlyiftheykeepdoingthemandtheseexercises______.

2.

ThebenefitthatconsumersgainfromtheInternetisthe______.

3.

China'seconomicopportunitiesandits_____________onthefuturecontributestopeople'sinterestinlearningChinese.

4.

Intheyearstocome,thepercentageoftelecommuterswillgrowfarbeyondthefuturists'wildestexpectations.

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5.

______makesknowledgespreadrapidlyandavailabletoeveryone.

6.

Whatshouldparentsdowhenhearingthechildtellabadstoryatschool?

7.

Therewere50blacksailorswhofirmlyrefusedtogobacktoworkeventhoughtheywcrcthreatened______.

8.

Bothdadspaidtheirbills______,yetonepaidhisbillsfirstwhiletheotherpaidhisbillslast.

9.It'sNeverTooLatetoStartExercise

ResearchersFindGreatRewardsWhenMildExerciseProgramsAreStartedLateInLife.

May13,2003--Youknowthebenefitsofexerciseprograms.Andifyou'vebeeninactive,youmayhavealsofeltthem--withsoremusclesandbruisedmotivationtocontinue.Butanewstudyinwomenshowsthattheoldadageistrue--it'snevertoolatetostartwhenitcomestoexerciseprograms.Sonowwhatcanyoudotojumpontheexercisebandwagon(乐队花车)?

WebMDgotexercisetipsfromtheexperts.

"Therecertainlyseemstobesomethingheretosuggestthatwomencanstartexercisinglaterinlifeandstillreaptherewards,"leadresearcherandCDCepidemiologistEdwardW.Gregg,PhD,tellsWebMD.HisfindingsarepublishedintheMay16issueofTheJournaloftheAmericanMedicalAssociation.

Researcherstracked9,500womenfor12years,startingwhentheywereatleastage66.Inthattime,theyfoundthatthosewhowentfromdoinglittleornothingtowalkingjustamileadayslashed(减少)theirriskOfdeathfromallcausesandfromcancerbynearlyhalf.Theirriskofheartdiseasealsofellbymorethanathird.Infact,theyenjoyednearlyasmuchprotectionaswomenwhowerephysicallyactivebeforethestudybeganandremainedso.

Duringthestudy,heandhiscolleaguessurveyedthewomenontheirexerciselevelsatthestartofthetrialandagainuptosixyearslater.Yearslater,theresearcherstrackedtheirratesofdeathanddisease.

Thenewinformationwefoundisthatolderwomenwhowentfrombeingsedentary(少活动的)orwalkingabouttwomilesaweekto"walkingeightmilesaweekbetweenthetwovisitshadsignificantlifeimprovements,"saysanotherstudyresearcher,JaneA.Cauley,DrPH,oftheUniversityofPittsburgh.

"We'retalkingaboutwomenwithanaverageageof77atthesecondvisit,"shetellsWebMD."Andwe'retalkingabouttheirengaginginverymildexercise--andnotrunningmarathons."

Butiftheonlyworkout(运动)you'vebeengettinglatelyinvolvestheTVremote,here'showtoavoidthosewalksaroundtheblockfrommakingyourbodyfeelasifitjusttackledBostonMarathon'sinfamous"HeartbreakHill".

Getacheckupbeforeaworkout.

Avisittoyourdoctoriswiseforanyonebeginninganexerciseprogram,butit'scrucialfortheelderlyorotherswhohavebeeninactivebecauseofhealthproblems.Inadditiontotheobvious--checkingyourheartandlungs--yourdoctorcanhelpdetermineifyourregimen(养生法)needstoconsiderothermedicalconditions,andthedrugsyoutakeforthem.

"Peoplecansometimescontrolconditionssuchasdiabetesandhighbloodpressurewithweightlossandexercisesotheydon'tneedtocontinuetheirmedications,"saysWilliamA.Banks,MD,professorofgeriatricsatSaintLouisUniversitySchoolofMedicine.It'simportanttoletyourdoctorknowaboutyournewexerciseprogramincaseyourmedicationdosesneedtobechanged.

"Adoctorcanalsohelpfacilitatethebesttypeofexerciseifyouhaveadisabilityorimpairment.Forinstance,manyofmypatientshavebadknees,soItellthemthatiftheystartrunningorevenwalking,they'regoingtohaveproblemsthatwilllikelyimpacttheirabilitytocontinue,"hetellsWebMD."SoItrytosteerthemtoanotheractivity,suchasswimmingswhichisespeciallygoodforpeoplewithjointproblemsorobesity(肥胖)."

Startslow.

Onceyougetthegreenlight,thekeytoavoidingfatigueandmusclepainistopulloutofthegateveryslowly."Youhearsomuchabouttheimportanceofgetting30minutesofexerciseaday,butthoserecommendationsshouldnotbeviewedasgoalsifyou'vebeensedentary--evenifyou'rehealthy,"Bankssays."Initially,youshouldactuallyshootbelowyourcomfortlevel.

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10.

Peopleresumedtheirinterestinnaturalgasasafuelasaresultof___________ofthelate1960sandearly1970s.

11.HowdoesRobertFeldmanseelittlewhitelies?

A.Theydoharmtobothpeopleandthesociety.

B.Theyaremoreacceptablethanhabituallies.

C.Theyarenecessaryinthesocialrelationships.

D.Theyaregood-intentionedandthusharmless.

12.

Besideshisbasicsalaryofabout5500yuan,theforeignteacheralsogets______.

13.

Despitethedeclineofthedeathtollinahurricane,thecostsofthedamageareincreasinggreatlyinthe20thcentury.

14.NewHopesforPreventingAIDS

Thesuccessofanti-retroviral(抑止肿瘤病毒)drugsintreatingHIVisgettingresearchersatthe16thInternationalAIDSconferenceexcitedattheprospectthatthepotent(效力大的)medicinesmightbeexploitedtoperform.doubleduty.WhynotusethepoweroftheseARVstopreventanHIVtransmissionorinfectionfromtakingholdinthefirstplace?BillandMelindaGatesaskedthatprovocativequestionontheopeningdayoftheconference,andarecommittingtheirconsiderablefinancialresourcestowardfindingananswer.Intheirremarks,theyhighlightedtheneedtodevelopmicrobicides(杀菌剂)andoralpreventiondrugswhilewewaitforavaccine.AndtheywillgettheirfirsthintathowsmarttheirdecisionwasthisThursday,whenscientistsfromWestAfricareporttheinitialresult%fromthefirsttrialstudyinganoralpreventiondrug.

SohowrealisticaretheGatesinexpectingevenmorefromtheARVs?"Idothinktherangeofpreventionoptionswehavewithinthenextdecadewillgreatlyexpand,"saysDr.HeleneGayle,PresidentofCareUSAandco-chairoftheconference."Thebiologicplausibilityforbothmicrobicidesandoralpreventiondrugsissogreat."Dr.MarkDybul,U.S.GlobalAIDSCoordinator,saidthatifamicrobicideorpreventiondrugbecomesavailabletoprotectpeoplefrominfections,theywouldbefundedunderthePresident'sEmergencyPlanforAIDSReliefifcountrieschosetousethem."Wewouldsupportallofthat;itwouldbeperfectlywithinourmandatetodoallthat,"hetoldTIME.

PreventingHIVistheonlywaytokeepthenumber'ofnewinfectionsthatoccureachyear—4million—fromgrowing.Andyetpreventionstrategies,alwaystheuglystepsistertotreatmentprograms,havenotreallytakenholdinthedevelopingnationswheretherateofinfectionishighest.Aneffectivevaccine,ofcourse,istheultimatepreventionweapon,butastheGates'pointedout,anHIVshotisstillalongwayoff.Inthemeantime,microbicidescouldbeonewaytoco-optARVsintothepreventionwar;thesearechemicalcompounds,usuallyintheform.ofagelorcream,thatwomencanusevaginallypriortointercoursetostopthetransmissionofHIV—it'sthesameideabehindspermicides(杀精子剂),whicharechemicalbarrierstospermenteringthevaginaandcausingpregnancy.It'sanelegantlysimpleapproach,madeevensimplerbythefactthatresearchersdidn'treallyhavetostartfromscratchtocomeupwithnewanti-HIVcompounds;theyalreadyhavethemintheARVs,whichnowinterruptthevirusfrominfectingcellsatvariouspointsinitslifecycle.

Thekeydifferenceisthatinamicrobicide,thedrugsarebeingusedinhealthypeopleratherthaninthoseinfectedwithHIV.WhenARVsareusedfortreatment,bothdoctorsandpatientsarewillingtotolerateahigherlevelofsideeffects—afterall,ifthechoiceisbetweendyingfromHIV-AIDSandsideeffects,mostpatientsoptforthelatter.Ifthedrugsaretobeusedtopreventinfection,however,everythingchanges;understandably,healthypeoplearen'taslikelytoacceptthesamelevelofsideeffectsandtoxicitiesasthosealreadyinfected.

That'swhyclinicaltrialsaresosignificant.Sofar,thereare30to40differentmicrobicidecandidatesbeingtestedinanimals,andfivetrialsinGhana,Nigeriaandotherdevelopingnationsatthemostadvancedstagesoftestinginwomen.Dr.GitaRamjee,oftheHIVPreventionResearchUnitinDurban,SouthAfrica,hasworkedwithallfive,andishopefulthattheywillproveeffectiveandmakeanimpactonthedisease.BecausetheselatestmicrobicidesarereformulatedARVs,however,theproblemofthevirusbecomingresistanttothemisapotentialdrawback.Dr.PeterPlot,ofUNAIDS,suggestsbasingmicrobicidesonlyonthedrugsdonotmakeitthroughthepharmaceuticalpipelinemanyarerejectedbecausethey

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15.

AU.S.golfballmanufacturerwonderedwhyitsproductsdidnotsellwellinJapan.Lateritlearnedthatthishadmuchtodowithitspackagingofproductingroupsoffourforexport:inJapanese

16.

Thenetworksofcommunicationsystemwhicharepeer-to-peerareonepropertyof4Gwirelesscommunication.

17.

Alternativesentencingisnowpracticedin______statesandisspreadingfast.

18.

Howfarwaterdropstotheturbinesinapowerstationisknownas______.

A.theheads

B.theflowrate

C.theverticaldistance

D.theheights

19.PreparingforTests

Ideallyitshouldbeloveoflearning,achievement,andself-improvementthatpromptsalllearning.Buttheaveragestudentisprobablymotivatedbyamoretangible,immediate,andpressuringreason—thereqirementtotakeandpasstests.Fewhighschoolstudentsarenotconcernedwiththeaptitudeandachievementteststhattheymusttaketogetintocollege.Evenstudentsnotplanningtoattendcollegewilltakeplacement,adaptability,andpromotiontestsiftheyaretosucceedintheirfield.Promotioninthearmedservicesdoesnotdependonphysicalprowess(本领)andlengthofservice.Itdepends,instead,ontheabilitytostudyandpasspromotionaltests.Youneedtounderstandtheimportanceoftests,thebestmethodsofpreparation,thecommonsenserequiredforbothaphysicalandmentalapproachtothem,howtoreadinstructionsandquestionscorrectly,andhowtoanswerthewaythetestorteacherexpectyoutoanswer.Thisisoneofthemostvaluablepsychologicalbenefitsthatcancomefromyoureducation.

AttitudetowardsTests

Dr.FrancisP.Robinsoninhisbook,EffectiveStudy,posesaquestion:"Didyoueverthankateacherforgivingatest?"Atfirstglanceyouarenotlikelytofindmuchinyourthinkingthatwouldhelpinspirea"Yes".Theteacherspendsalotoftimepreparingthetestquestions.Afteryouhavetakenthetest,theteacherspendsmanyhourscarefullyevaluatingyourpaper.Mistakesaremarkedsothatwhenyourpaperisretrunedyoucangooverthemandperhapswriteincorrections.Thenyouwillnotmakethesamemistakesagain.

TestasaPersonalBattle

Doyou,likemanyofyourfellowstudents,consierthetestorexaminationsasapersonalbattlewhichtheteacherwagesinanattempttodefeatyou,ordoyouseeitasacontestinwhichonetriestooutwittheother?Ifthisisyourattitudetowardstests,youprobablydooneoftwothingswhentheteacherreturnsyourpapertoyou.One,youthrowitawaywithoutbotheringtodomorethanglancethroughittoseewherepointsweretakenoff.Ortwo,withoutcheckinganimcompleteansweragainstthefactsasstudied,youapproachtheteacheranddemandtoknowwhypointsweretakenoff.Thisisthemostnegativeofapproaches.Thedifferenceinattitudecanbeseeninthedifferencebetweentwoquestions:"Whydidyoutakeoffpointsonthisquestion?"and"WhatshouldIhaveincludedthatIdidnot?"

FearofTakingTests

Anotherattitudethatyoushouldavoidisthatoffear.Fearoftakingtestresultsintensionanddisturbedthinking.These,inturn,produceblindspots(notbeingabletorememberanswersthatyouknewtenminutesbeforethetest)andcarelessmistakes.Thisfearalsokeepspeoplefromventuringintonewareasinlife.Theymayvisualizethenewmethod,thebettertool,orthestrongbridge,buttheyhesitateuntilsomeoneelserealizestheirdreams,

Fearpreventssuccessontestsandexaminationsbecausefearconditionsthemindforfailure.StudentswhoareafraidstartinaStateofconfusionanddisorder.Thustheythrowawaytheadvantagestheyhavegottenbypreparation.Studentswhoapproachtestswithfeararealmostswayscharacterizedbythefollowing:(1)Theirgradeisconsiderablylowerthantheirdailyrecitationgrades,sometimesasmuchastwentypointslower.(2)Theycomplainabouttheteacher—insufficientexplanation,lackofdetailedreview,etc.(3)Theyfindfaultwiththetestmaterials—toolong,notthetypeofquesti

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20.SomepeoplethoughtthatNASAactedouttheApolloprograminmoviestudiospartiallybecausethepicturestransmittedfromthemoondonotinclude______.

二、3.ListeningComprehension(20题)21.(14)

A.Theridewilltakeallday.

B.Sheknowsherwayaroundtheharbor.

C.Thewarmweatherisquitepleasant.

D.She'dliketocomealong.

22.听力原文：W:Hi,Tom.

M:Kate,Ihaven'tseenyouforweeks.Wherehaveyoubeen?

W:InFlorida.

M:What?VacationingwhiletherestofushavebeenstudyingonthecampusintheFebruarycold?

W:Notexactly.Ispentmostofmytimeunderwater.

M:Idon'tunderstand.

W:Iwasonaspecialfieldtrip.Iwentwithmymarinebiologyclass.

M:Soyouwentscubadiving.Whatwereyoulookingfor,sunkentreasure?

W:Youmightsayso.Theseaisfulloftreasures.Allkindsofstrange,fascinatingorganisms.Ourclassconcentratedonstudyingplankton.

M:Ithoughttheyweretoosmalltobeseen.

W:That'sacommonmisconception.Theplanktoncoversawidevarietyoffreelyfloatingplantsandanimals.Fromone-celledorganismstolargeones,suchasthecommonjellyfish.

M:Jelly-fishmaybelargeenoughtobeseen.Buttheyaretransparent,aren'tthey?

W:Yes,mostfloatingplantsandanimalshavetransparenttissues.Itmakesthempracticallyinvisibletotheirenemies.

M:Butnotinvisibletoyourbiologyclass,Ihope.

W:Byconcentrating,Iwasabletoseetheoutlinesoflotsofdifferentplantsandanimals,Infact,ourprofessoreventookphotoofsomesmalloceanicsnails.

M:Howwouldthesnailsshowupinthephotoiftheyaretransparent?

W:Wepaintedthemwithaharmlessgreendye.Sinceparticlesofthedyestucktothetissues,thesnailsappearedinagreenoutlineinthephotos.

M:Thatsoundslikeaninterestingtrip.

W:Itreallywas.

M:ButIthinkifIhadbeenthere,I'dmuchratherhavespentmytimejustswimmingandlyinginthesun.

(20)

A.Sightseeing.

B.Lyingonthebeach.

C.Takingphotosofthebeaches.

D.Scubadiving.

23.(26)

A.Providesomejobsthattheelderlycando.

B.Improvethelivingconditionsofretirementhomes.

C.Increaseretirementpensionfortheelderly.

D.Persuadethemtolivewiththeirfamily.

24.(25)

A.Hehasafeelingofinsecurity.

B.Heismissinghisfamily.

C.Helacksself-confidence.

D.Hefeelsiii.

25.

【B6】

26.(42)

27.(35)

A.Therewardtheprisonersgetfortheirwork.

B.Thecomfortableaccommodation.

C.Thewaytheprisonersaretreated.

D.Theofficers'sympathyfortheprisoners.

28.(21)

A.Toreplacehisstolenbicycle.

B.Tobeginbicyclingtowork.

C.Tojoinabicycleclub.

D.Towainforabicyclerace.

29.听力原文：W:Ienjoyallkindsofmusic.Whatkindofmusicdoyoulike?

M:RockandrollhadappealedtomeverymuchbeforeIbecamefascinatedwithjazz.ButnowIthinknothingcancomparewithclassicalmusic.

Q:Whatkindofmusicdoesthemanlikebest?

(13)

A.Jazz.

B.Classicalmusic.

C.Rockandroll.

D.Allkindsofmusic.

30.听力原文：M:MissHanson,thankyouforsendingmethisnote.I'msorrytohearMarioisbeingaproblem.

W:I'mnotsurewhat'shappeningtoMario.He'susuallyanexcellentstudent.Hecompletesallhisworkandhe'squietinclass.Then,lastmonth,hejustchanged.

Q:Whatcanyouinferfromtheconversation?

(19)

A.Thewomanistheman'sboss.

B.Themanisthewoman'shusband.

C.Thewomanistheheadmasterofaschool.

D.Thewomanwantstoknowsomethingaboutastudent.

31.(34)

A.Itschemicalelementsmustbestudied.

B.Itstemperaturemustbelowered.

C.Bigspaceshipsmustbebuilt.

D.Itsatmospheremustbechanged.

32.(31)

A.Theywerefrightenedanddistressed.

B.Theyswamawaywhenthespeakerwasturnedon.

C.Theyswamcloserto"examine"thespeakerwhenitwasturnedoff.

D.Theydidn'tseemtobefrightenedandkeptswimmingnearthespeaker.

33.听力原文：W:Ihardlyevergoshoppingbycarnow.Theshoppingcenteriswithinwalkingdistance.

M:Well,youerelucky.TheneareststoreIcangotoisabout4milesaway.

Q:Howdoesthewomangoshopping?

(13)

A.Bycar.B.Bysubway.C.Onfoot.D.Bybike.

34.听力原文：M:TomHaleyspeaking.

W:Hello,Tom.It'sMary.IwaitedforaphonecallfromyoubutIcan'twaitanylonger.Tellmeaboutyourfirstweek.

M:Hmm.Itwasn'teasy.

W:Wasn'tit?Why?Whatdidyouhavetodo?

M:OnMondayandTuesday,Iliftedheavyboxes.OnWednesday,Iputhundredsofbottlesandtinsandpacketsonshelves.

W:Sodoyouthinkitwasboring?

M:Yes,veryboring.AndIdroppedalotofboxes.

W:Didyoubreakanything?

M:Oh,justafewjarsofjamandalotofbottlesoftomatojuice.

W:Ugh.Whatamess.SotellmeaboutThursday.

M:I'mafraidIwastwohourslate..,andthesupervisorwasreallyangry.ThenIputpricelabelsonbottlesandtinsandpackets.Ifeelvery,veryconfused..

W:Didyouputtherightlabelsonthem?

M:Notalways.Imadeoneortwomistakes.

W:Onlyoneortwo?WhatdidyoudoonFridayandSaturday?

M:Ididn'tdoverymuch.Iwasfedup.Thesupermarketwasopenuntil9pm.TheywantedmetoworkovertimebutIwenthomeatsix.

W:Isee.Haveyoustillgotajobordickaround?

M:Idon'tknow.Ihavetoseethesupervisortomorrow.

W:Well,you'dbettergetupearly.Goodluckwithyou!

(20)

A.Liftedheavybox.

B.Puthundredsofbottlesandtinsandpacketsonshelves.

C.Liftedbricks.

D.Liftedbottlesandboxes.

35.SectionC

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfrom36to43withtheexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Forblanksnumberedfrom44to46youarerequiredtofillinthemissinginformation.Fortheseblanks,youcaneitherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthe

Yourassignmentsthistermwillbetowritetwomajorresearchpapers.Oneofthemostimportantthingsaboutwritingaresearchpaperisgivingproper【B1】______toyoursourcesofinformation.Failuretodothisiscalledplagiarismwhichisaform.of【B2】______dishonesty.

Plagiarismisakindofstealingoratleastan【B3】______borrowingofsomeoneelse'sideas.Sometimes【B4】______studentswillplagiarizeunintentionally,andthenbesurprisedwhentheteacherwon'taccepttheirpapers,orgivesthema【B5】______grade.

Thebestwaytoavoidunintentionalplagiarizingistobeverycarefulin【B6】______yourinformation.Asyoutakenotesonbooksandmagazinearticlesaboutthetopicyou'veselected,firsttryto【B7】______theinformationthoroughly.Secondly,writeitdowninyourownwords.Thisiscalledparaphrasing.Ifyoudoagoodjobofparaphrasing,you'll【B8】______themainideafromyoursourcewithoutactuallyusinganyphrasesfromit.Mostofyournotesshouldprobablybeparaphrases.However,【B9】_____________________________Inthiscase,besurethatyoucopythequotationpreciselyinyournotesandenclosesitinquotationmarks.Bythatwaywhenyoufinishyourresearchpaper,【B10】__________________________Youcanthen【B11】____________________________.

【B1】

36.(36)

A.Diethasnothingtodowithhealth.

B.Theamountoffoodhassomethingtodowithhealth.

C.Healthdependsondiettotally.

D.Goodfoodhasnothingtodowithhealth.

37.

【B2】

38.(29)

A.Thewingsofanawlareverysmooth.

B.Generallyspeaking,thefemaleowlislargerthanthemaleone.

C.Noowllikestoliveinanabandonednestofotherbirds.

D.Thesizesofowlsarenotalwaysthesame.

39.(28)

A.Withtheirfather.

B.Withtheirmother.

C.Withtheirgrandparents.

D.Partofthetimewithmother,partwithfather.

40.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD,anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.

听力原文：W:Excuseme,Sir.I'vebeenwaitingherefornearly20minutesjusttopaymytelephonebill.

M:I'msorryaboutthat.Butthecomputerisdown,andeverybodyhashadtowaitthisafternoon.

Q:What'sthewomancomplainingabout?

(12)

A.Thelongwait.

B.Themistakesinhertelephonebill.

C.Thebroken-downcomputer.

D.Thebadtelephoneservice.

三、4.ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(20题)41.Whycan'tbatsandadultowlsseecolorsaccordingtothepassage?

42.【S2】

43.

【C6】

44.(62)

45.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,thereisashortpassagewith5questionsorincompletestatements.Readthepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinthefewestpossiblewords.

Intheolddays,childrenwerefamiliarwithbirthanddeathaspartoflife.ThisisperhapsthefirstgenerationofAmericanyoungsterswhohaveneverbeenclosebyduringthebirthofababyandhaveneverexperiencedthedeathofafamilymember.

Nowadayswhenpeoplegrowold,weoftensendthemtonursinghomes.Whentheygetsick,wetransferthemtoahospital,wherechildrenareforbiddentovisitterminally-illpatientsevenwhenthosepatientsaretheirparents.Thisdeprives(剥夺)thedyingpatientofsignificantfamilymembersduringthelastfewdaysofhislifeanditdeprivesthechildrenofanexperienceofdeath,whichisanimportantlearningexperience.

SomeofmycolleaguesandIonceinterviewedandfollowedapproximately300terminally-illpatientsinordertolearnhowwecouldbeofbesthelp,notjusttothembuttothemembersoftheirfamiliesaswell.Weweremostimpressedbythefactthateventhosepatientswhowerenottoldoftheirseriousillnesswerequiteawareofitspotentialoutcome.

Itisimportantforfamilymembers,anddoctorsandnursestounderstandthesepatients'communicationsinordertotrulyunderstandtheirneeds,fears,andfantasies.Mostofourpatientswelcomedanotherhumanbeingwithwhomtheycouldtalkopenly,honestly,andfranklyabouttheirtrouble.Manyofthemsharedwithustheirtremendousneedtobeinformed,tobekeptup-to-dateontheirmedicalconditionandtobetoldwhentheendwasnear.Wefoundoutthatpatientswhohadbeendealtwithopenlyandfranklywerebetterabletocopewiththeapproachofdeathandfinallytoreachatruestageofacceptancepriortodeath.

WhatweretheeidersofcontemporaryAmericansquiteunfamiliarwith?

46.

Whichofthefollowingiscorrect?

A.Stockoptionsshouldnotbechargedagainstcorporateincomewhentheyarecashedin.

B.Nowstockoptionsisnottreatedasacompanyexpenseandisexercisableforfiveyears.

C.TherearenationalguidelinesforallpubliclylistedcompaniesdoingbusinessintheU.S.

D.CEOsandCFOsmustaccountforaccuracyoffinancialstatementsbutforcriticalunderlyingtrends.

47.

JohnQuelchthinkstheweakpointofthetraditionalMBAisthatitfailstoprovideprogramson______.

48.Technologyisatwo-edgedsword.Rarelyisthisasclearasitisintherealmofhealthcare.Technologyallowsdoctorstotesttheirpatientsforgeneticdefects--andthentoturnaroundandspreadtheresultsthroughouttheworldviatheInternet.Forsomeoneinneedoftreatment,that'sgoodnews.Butforsomeoneinsearchofajoboraninsurancepolicy,itcanbeallbad.

Lastweekacorollary(推论)wasproposedtothepatients'hillofrightsnowbeforeCongress:arighttomedicalprivacy.Beginningin2002,underrulessettobecomelawinFebruary,patientswouldbeabletodecidetheconditionsunderwhichtheirpersonalmedicaldatacouldleak.Theywouldbeabletoexaminetheirrecordsandmakecorrections.Theycouldlearnwhoelsehadseentheinformation.Improperuseofrecordsbyacaregiverorinsurercouldresultinbothcivilandcriminalpenalties.TheplanwassaidtobeanunprecedentedsteptowardputtingAmericansbackincontroloftheirownmedicalrecords.

Whiletheadministrationdeclaredthattherulesasanattempttostrikeabalancebetweentheneedsofconsumersandthoseofthehealth-careindustry,neitherdoctorsnorinsurancecompanieswerehappy.Thedoctorssaidtherulescouldactuallydestroyprivacy,pointingtoastipulationallowingmanaged-careplanstousepersonalinformationwithoutconsentifthepurposewas"health-careoperations".That,physicianssaid,wasaloophole(漏洞)throughwhichHealthMaintenanceOrganizationsandotherinsurerscouldpry(窥探)intothedoctor-patientrelationship,inthenameofassessingthequalityofcare.Meanwhile,theinsurersprotestedthattheruleswouldmakethemvulnerabletolawsuits.Theywereespeciallydisturbedbyastipulationholdingthemliableforprivacybreaches(违背)by"businesspartners"suchaslawyersandaccountants.Bothgroupsagreedthatprivacyprotectionswoulddriveupthecostofhealthcarebyatleastanadditional＄3.8billion,andmaybemuchmore,overthenextfiveyears.Theyalsocomplainedabouttheincreasedleveloffederalscrutinyrequiredbythenewrules'enforcementrules.

Oneaimoftherulesistoreassurepatientsaboutconfidentiality,therebyencore-agingthemtobeopenwiththeirdoctors.Todayvariouscancersandotherembarrassingdiseasescangountreated