高中英语必修四unit2单词讲解和练习(含答案)

BOOK4Unit2Workingtheland词练习重点单词解1.strugglevt.&vi.斗争；拼搏；努力strugglewith与⋯⋯斗争；和⋯⋯一起战斗struggle...for为争取⋯⋯而斗争struggle...against与⋯⋯斗争；为⋯而斗争struggle+不定式，如：Abirdwascaughtinthenetandwasstrugglingtogetfree.一只鸟被网罩住了，挣扎着想逃脱。struggletoone’feet着站起alife-and-deathstruggle生死搏斗struggle还可以作名词，意是事Withastruggle，hecontrolledhisfeelings.他费力地控制住了自己的感情。2.expandvt.&vi.使变大；伸展；述expand指向四面八方的扩大扩张extend强调向某一方向的延长spread指消息，疾病，瘟疫等的传播、蔓延，也指把某物铺开，把胳【练习】用expand，extend，spread，stretch的适当形式填空。1).Theman_______theinformationaround.2).Theempire_______itscountryinthe16thcentury.3).Theroadbuildersworkedhardto_______thehighway.Keys:1).spread2).expanded3).extend3.circulatevt.&vi.循环；流传【例句】Bloodcirculatesthroughthebody.血液在体内循环。【考点】）形容词：circular圆形的；循环的；名词：circulation循环；流通；发行；2）circulation4.thankstothanksto幸亏；由于；为1).Thankstoyourhelp,muchtroublewassaved.多亏你的帮,减少了许多麻。2).Thankstothebadweather,thematchhadbeencancelled.多亏这个倒霉,比赛取消了。thanksto相当于becauseof/owingto/dueto/thanksto/onaccountof/asaresultof5.ridridsb./sth.of...使某人/某物摆脱⋯⋯1).Manypeopleareworkinghardtoridtheworldoffamine.很多人在努力使世界不再有饥荒。2).Thedentistridhimofthepainbytakingouthisbadtooth.牙科医生把他的坏牙拔掉，使他免除痛苦。[重点用法]rid短语：beridof摆脱getridof摆脱；除掉；去掉ridahouseofmice清除室内老鼠ridoneselfofdebt还清务[类似用法词]inform/warn/curesb.of通知⋯警告/治愈某人⋯⋯6.besatisfiedwithbesatisfiedwith=becontentwith对⋯⋯表示满足或满意1).Iwasnotsatisfiedwiththeresult.我对那个结果感到不满意。2).You’vedonewellatschool.I’mverysatisfiedithou.不错，我对你很满意。[重点用法]sth.satisfysb.某事使某人满意sb.issatisfiedsth.对⋯⋯表示满足或满意besatisfiedtodo对做⋯⋯感到满意besatisfiedthatclause对做⋯⋯感到满意asatisfiedsmile满意的微asatisfiedcustomer感到满意的客feelasenseofsatisfaction感到满足感tosb’s/sth’saction意的是farfromsatisfactory远远不能令人满足itissatisfying(todosth)做某事是令人满意的asatisfactoryexplanation/performance令人满意的解演出get/obtainsatisfactionfromoneork工作中得到满足7.wouldrather1).I’dratherwalkthantakeabus.愿意走路而不愿意坐公共汽车。2).“Somemorewine?”“Thankyou,I’drathernot.Ihavetodrivehome.”[重点用法]wouldratherdoA(thandoB)=would(preferto)doA(ratherthandoB)宁愿做甲事(而不做乙事)wouldrathersb.didsth.宁愿某人做某事(从句用虚拟语)8.thereforeadv.因此,所以=forthatreason=consequently常用于连接两个并列分句，其前加“and号1）Hewasill,andthereforecouldnotcome.他病了,所以未能来。2）Hehasbrokenhislegandthereforehecan'twalk.他摔坏了腿，因此不能走路了。3）Wedonothaveenoughmoney.Thereforewecannotaffordtobuythenewcar.我们的钱不因此买不成这9.equipvt.&vi.配备；装备【考点聚焦】1）名词：equipmentn.[u]装备；备常用搭配：officeequipment办公备sportsequipment运动器械2）与equip相关的词：equipwith配备⋯⋯3）equip的过去式和过去分词都是；现在分词是equipping。10.exportvt.&vi.输出；出口【例句】Chinaexportstomanyforeigncountries.中国向许多国家出口物资。【考点聚焦】）反词:importexportn.11.occupation/job/work/employment/career/professionoccupation指一个人经常担任的工作，不论是否领取工资。job非正式用语，指一份固定的赚钱工作，不论是否需要技和特殊训练。work多用来指工作本身，平常我们每做一件事无论大小，都可以为work。employment指受雇于他人，领取工资谋生计，并且比较固定的工作。career指职业、事业；指某种经过特殊训练而又为之献身的终身事业，有高profession指那些必须受到特殊教育及训练才可胜任，带有专业性质的工作，为力动。12.confuse使迷惑；使难【例句】Herexpressionconfusedme.她的表情使我困惑。【考点聚焦】）名词：confusionn.混乱；紊乱；混乱状态2）常用搭配：confusewith/and混淆；把⋯⋯混同；辨别不清，如：I’malwaysconfusingJohnwith/andl.一直分不清约翰和保罗。3）confused和confusing的区别：两者都是形容词。confused指confusing13.regretregret(regretted)vt.(⋯⋯)遗憾；惋n.[c,u]遗憾；惋惜[典例]1).Ifyougonow,you’llregretit.现在就,一定得後悔。2).Iregrettosaythejobhasbeenfilled.十分抱歉,那个工作已经有人做了。[重点用法]regrettosay/tell/announce/inform遗憾告宣布/通知regretdoing/havingdonesth.后悔已做了某事regretthat遗憾后悔⋯toone’sregr某人后悔的是[练]用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空或翻。1).Inowregret_______(leave)schoolsoyoung.2).____________________________(非常抱歉),Iamunabletoacceptyourinvitation.3).Iregret_______(inform)youthatyourcontractwillnotberenewed.Keys:1).leaving/havingdone2).Muchtomyregret/Tomygreatregret3).toinform14.buildup逐渐建立；逐渐增强质；发1).Youneedmoreproteintobuildyouup.你需要增加蛋白质以增强质。2).Heisnowtryingtobuildupafinereputation.他正在努力逐步赢得好的声誉。15.leadto*用名词作宾语：leadtosth.导致某种事情，如：leadtofurtherdiscussion导出进一步leadto导致灾；*用动名词作宾语leadtodoingsth.导致做了某事，如：leadtodiscussingitagain.导致再次也可以用被动表示：leadtoit's/itbeingdiscussedagain.导致他被*用不定式的复合结构作宾语：leadsb.todosth.引导某人做某事，其中sb.是宾语，todosth.是补足语，如：Theexperimentledthemtotohavetobelieveinitscorrectness.实验使得他们不得不相信它的正确性。AllroadsleadtoRome.条条大道通罗。Toomuchworkandtoolittlerestoftenleadtoillness.过量的工作和过少的休息会引起疾。16.focusvt.&vi.集中(注意力)；聚焦n.[c,u]焦点；中心点1).Focusyourcamera.把照相机的焦距调准。2).Herbeautymakesherthefocusofattention.她长得漂,很惹人注目。[重点用法]focuson集中于focus(one’sattention/mind/efforts)on中(注意力/心思精力)于17.reduce减少；缩减；简化【考点聚焦】）反义词；名词reduction减少（量）；削减（数）；降低（数）2）reduceto使⋯⋯变为（更小尺寸或更简单形式）；使成为某状；reduceby（以⋯⋯的比例、程度）减少。18.keepfreefrom/ofkeep...freefrom/of=protectsb./sth.from...使⋯⋯免受(影响/伤害)；使⋯⋯不含(有害物)[典例]1).Weshouldkeepourselvesfreefromdrugs.我们应该远毒。2).Ihopeyouwillkeepyourselffreefromtobaccoandalcohol.我希望你不抽烟不喝酒。19.commentcommentvi.&vt.表达意见；作出评n.[c,u]评；论1).Thescandalcausedalotofcomment.这件丑闻遭到很议。2).“Willyouresign,Minister?”“部Nooment!”“?”[重点用法]commenton/aboutsth./sb.对某/某人评论makecomments/nocommentonsth./sb.对某某人评不进评论同步习一．请根据汉语提示写出单词的1.Ourcountryhasbecomeself-sufficientin______(食).2.Theroadsigns_________(糊涂)thedriver.3.Theonlywaytodothatisto______减少)expenses.4.Theschool_________(供)booksforchildren.5.Wetooktheopportunityto_______(交流)experiencewiththem.6.Hehasa(黑的)faceandbrighteyes.7.The________斗争)forindependencewaslongandhard.8.Thefactorymustincreaseits________(量).9.They________(用掉)alltheirstrengthintryingtoclimbout.10.Ourarmyiswell_______装).二．句型换根据A句句义，用适当的句型或短语成B句使其句义相同或相近。11.A:ComparedwithmathsIlikeEnglishbetter.B:I_______English______maths.12.A:Evenifhedieshewon’tgivein.B:He______________die______givein.13.A:Weshouldsavethesickfreefrompain.B:Weshould______thesick_____pain.14.A:Hedoesn’tliketoliveacomfortablelife.B:Hedoesn’t___________livingacomfortablelife.15.A:DrYuanhasspentallhistimeonhisresearch.B:DrYuanhas______allhistime______hisresearch.三．完成句子16.Sheep___________(⋯为)grass.17.Sincehecametothisclass,hehasn’tplayed______before.18._______________(于)hishardwork,heachievedgreatsuccess.19.Thepoliceman______()thethief______thelostmoney.20.Please_______()yourdictionariesifyoumeetnewwords.四、单项空21.—_______DavidandVicky_____married?

—Foraboutthreeyears.A.Howlongwere;havebeenB.Howlonghave;havebeenC.Howlonghave;beenD.Howlongdid;get22.Luckilyforus,whenwegottheretheweather_______tobefine.A.turnedupB.turnedoutC.turnedoverD.turnedinto23.Havingheardmyanswer,themasternodded_______satisfaction,“I’mquitesatisfied_____you.”A.with;withB.on;byC.in;toD.in;of24.—Themattermustbelookedinto.—Wearesupposedtohavealittle________.A.rainB.weatherC.patientD.look25.Inthetrafficaccidentfivewerekilledandtwenty__________.A.losingB.missedC.damagedD.injured26.Weare_______happytohearofthesuccessoftheirteam.A.enoughB.morethanC.manymoreD.muchmany27.Wewon'tgiveup________weshouldfailtentimes.A.evenifB.sinceC.whetherD.until28.—Well,you'dbetternotbuythatshirt.Brownandblackdon'tgotogether.—________Iwearitwithmyothershirt?A.HowdoyoulikeB.WhoC.WhatifD.Which29.Amiddle-agedwomancame________tothebusstoponly________thebushadgone.A.run;tofindB.running;tofindC.andran;foundD.running;finding30.___________yourhelp,Igotthefirstinthefinal-termEnglishexamination.A.ThankstoB.WithoutC.IfnotD.Butfor31.Youshouldtrytogetagoodnight’ssleep______muchworkyouhavetodo.A.