山东省济南市2022届高三下学期第二次模拟考试

山东省济南市2022届高三下学期第二次模拟考试英语试题本试卷分为第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。满分为150分，考试时间120分钟。第I卷（三部分，共105分）第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）该部分分为第一、第二两节。注意:回答听力部分时，请先将答案标在试卷上。听力部分结束前，你将有两分钟的时间将你的答案转涂到客观题答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题分，满分分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatisthemanspeakerdoing?A.Driving.B.Reading.C.Shopping.2.Whoisprobablythemanspeaker?A.Ateacher.B.Adoctor.C.Aboss.3.Whatistheweatherprobablylike?A.Rainy.B.Sunny.C.Windy.4.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Atabookstore.B.Atahotel.C.Atashop.5.Howmuchtimewillthespeakershavetoenjoyacoffee?A.15minutes.B.45minutes.C.60minutes.第二节（共15小题；每小题分，满分分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第6至第8三个小题。willthewomanleave?A.OnMonday.B.OnTuesday.C.OnSunday.7.Howwillthewomangetthere?A.Byplane.B.Bytrain.C.Bytaxi.willthewomandoonTuesdayafternoon?A.Gototheairport.B.Meetsomeone.C.Gotoameeting.听下面一段对话，回答第9至第11三个小题。9.What’sthewomandoing?A.Goingtoschool.B.Attendingaclass.C.Askingforinformation.10.Whichbuswillthewomantake?A.Thefirstone.B.Thesecondone.C.Thelastone.11.What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Strangers.B.Classmates.C.Friends.听下面一段对话，回答第12至第14三个小题。12.What’sthenewsabout?A.Aspreadingdisease.B.Acaraccident.C.Aschoolproject.13.WhenwillthemanprobablyarriveinAmerica?A.OnJuly14th.B.BeforeSeptember.C.InDecember.14.Whatdoesthemanplantodothere?A.Towork.B.Totravelaround.C.Tostudy.听下面一段对话，回答第15至第17三个题。15.Whereareprobablythespeakersnow?A.Inaflatbuilding.B.Intheman’soffice.C.Inthewoman’shouse.16.Whatisthewomanlookingfor?A.Atwo-bedroomflat.B.Athree-bedroomflat.C.Aground-floorflat.17.Whatdoesthewomanthinkoftheflat?A.It’stoosmalltolivein.B.It’stooexpensivetobuy.C.It’ssatisfyingonthewhole.听下面一段独白，回答第18至第20三个小题。18.Wherewasthespeakerplaying?A.Athome.B.Nearhishouse.C.Onthefarm.19.Howwasthespeakerabletobesaved?A.Witharope.B.Withaboat.C.Withaladder.20.WhatcanwesayaboutJane?A.Smallbutstrong.B.Weakbutbrave.C.Youngbutsmart.第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分35分）第一节：语法和词汇知识（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。21.Having__________no-meatdaywouldbeagoodwayofencouraging___________lowcarbonlife-style.A.a;theB.a;aC.the;theD.the;a22.—CanyougivesomeadviceonwhatIsaidjustnow?—Sorry.Mymind______________.A.iswanderingB.waswanderingC.haswanderedD.hadwandered23.MrJones,aprofessor,___________forhisexcellentlectures,ispopularwithhisstudents.A.knownB.knowingC.tobeknownD.havingknown24.Ofthetwocameras,Iwouldprefer_______________one,whichisveryeasyformetocarry.A.asmallerB.thesmallestC.asmallD.thesmaller25.When_______________comestosavingenergy,bigchangesstartwithsmallsteps,liketurningoffthelights.A.thatB.thisC.itD.one26.—FlightMU257_______________.Imustbeoffnow.—Haveanicetrip.A.isbeingannouncedB.hasannouncedC.wasannouncingD.hadbeenannounced27.Since1994,theglacierinAntarcticahasloweredbyasmuchas90cm,______________sealeveltorise.A.havingcausedB.causingC.causedD.beingcaused28.Notuntilthetrainpulledintothenextstation______________hersuitcasegone.A.MaryhadfoundB.hadMaryfoundC.didMaryfindD.Maryfoundthenews,sofar,hasbeengood,theremaybebaddaysahead.A.WhenB.WhileC.IfD.As30.Whattheyoungmancan’t___________isthathismumalwaystreatshimlikeababy.A.supportB.undertakeC.holdD.bear31.Internetshoppingisreally_____________whenpeoplearesureofitssafetyandsecurity.A.takingoffB.takingupC.settingoffD.settingup32.Peoplewhoexercise_______________arelesslikelytofeelstress.A.regularlyB.formallyC.mostlyD.publicly33.She’sinahopelesssituation,___________wewillkeepaverycloseeyeon.A.whereB.whenC.whichD.that34.Tolearnmoreaboutthebook,SavingOurselves,_______toA.goingB.togoC.goneD.go35.—YouhateLee,don’tyou?—__________Ijustthinkhe’sabitannoying,that’sall.A.Certainly.B.Notexactly.C.Ofcourse.D.Whynot?第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从36-55各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 OnedayItookabuswithmygirlfriend.Itwasso____36____thatwestoodforseveralstopsuntilavacantseatwas____37_____forher. Thenaprettygirlrushedtowardsme,saying,“Hi,whereareyougoing?”IwassostruckbythestrangerthatIhadahardtimetryingto____38____her.Clearlyshehadtakenme____39____somebodyelse.Ireturnedhergreetingwithpoliteness,____40____togiveexplanationtomygirllater. Noticingmydialoguewithsomebodyelse,mygirl____41____hereyesandfoundshewaspretty.Sheaskedjealously,“Who’sshe?”Theprettygirl,quite____42____ofthesituation,spokeoutfirst,“Hi,letme____43____myself.I’mNancy,usedtobe____44____.Verygladtomeetyou.”Shebehavedvery____45____. ButIwas____46____tosearchinmymemoryforsomeonecalledNancyamongmyneighbors.Iwasworryinghowtoexplainthistomygirlfriend____47____theprettygirlagainturnedtome,“Willyougivemeyourcellphonenumbersothatwe____48____keepcontacts(联系)later?”Ihadtosubmittoher____49____. Thenthegirlgotoffthebusatthenextstop. AminutelaterIgotashort____50____onmyphone—fromastranger.Mygirlfriend____51____myphoneandreadthenote.Itwasfromthegirl,whosaid,“Justnow,twothievestriedto____52____yourpocket.Ihadtoactasanacquaintancetodrawyourattention.Ishouldhaveleftatthe____53____stopbutgaveupasInoticedthesetwothievesalso____54____toleaveatthesamestop.Becauseofthe____55____Idelayedmydeparture.Nowyou’llunderstandallIhavedonetoyou.Wishyouluck.”36.A.tiringB.slowC.crowdedD.messy37.A.readyB.availableC.specialD.suitable38.A.identifyB.realizeC.remindD.judge39.A.onB.byC.withD.for40.A.preferringB.planningC.managingD.promising41.A.fixedB.OpenedC.raisedD.focused42.A.proudB.carefulC.afraidD.aware43.A.explainB.enjoyC.introduceD.help44.A.partnersB.neighborsC.friendsD.colleagues45.A.naturallyB.generouslyC.cautiouslyD.normally46.A.inahurryB.atalossC.ateaseD.intime47.A.whileB.beforeC.whenD.until48.A.wouldB.canC.shouldD.must49.A.requestB.questionD.opinion50.A.suggestionB.warningC.noticeD.message51.A.removedB.seizedC.foundD.caught52.A.stealB.reachC.getD.pick53.A.terminalB.formerC.previousD.latter54.A.pretendingB.intendingC.demandingD.announcing55.A.incidentB.matterC.accidentD.affair第三部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AIntheirbookTimetoEattheDog:TheRealGuidetoSustainableLiving,RobertandBrendaValesaykeepingamediumsizeddoghasthesameecologicalimpactasdriving10,000kmayearinaliterLandCruiser.“We’renotactuallysayingitistimetoeatthedog.We’rejustsayingthatweneedtothinkaboutandknowtheecologicalimpactofsomeofthethingswedoandthatwetakeforgranted.”Constructinganddrivingthejeepforayearrequireshectaresofland,whilegrowingandmanufacturingadog’sfoodtakesabouthectares—orhectaresinthecaseofalargedogsuchasaGermanshepherd.Convincingflesheatingcatsanddogstogovegetarianforthesakeoftheplanetisanonstarter,theValessay.Insteadtheyrecommendkeeping“greener”,smaller,andmoresustainablepets,suchasgoldfish,chickensorrabbits.Thebook’splayfultitle,andserioussuggestionthatpetanimalsmaybeusefully“recycled”,bybeingeatenbytheirownersorturnedintopetfoodwhentheydie,maynotappealtoanimalfans.Annoyingastheideamaybe,thequestionisvalidgiventheplanet’sgrowingpopulationandlimitedresources,RobertValesaid.“Issuesaboutsustainabilityareincreasinglybecomingthingsthataregoingtorequireustomakechoiceswhichareasdifficultaseatingyourdog.It’snotjustaboutchangingyourlightbulbsortakingaclothbagtothesupermarket,”hesaid.“It’saboutmuchmorechallenginganddifficultissues,”headded.“Onceyouseewherecatsanddogsfitinyouroverallbalanceofthings,youmightdecidetohavethecatbutnotalsotohavethetwocarsandthethreebathroomsandbeameateateryourself.”56.Theauthorsgavetheirbooktheplayfultitleto________.A.makeitamusingB.createavividimageC.showwritingskillsD.arousepeople’sconcern57.InParagraph3thewritermainlywantstotellus________.A.theamountofconsumedlandB.theneglectedecologicalimpactC.somefamiliarexamplesD.someactualfigures58.Whatdoes“sustainability”meanaccordingtothepassage?A.Goingvegetarian.B.Raisingcatsanddogs.C.Usingaclothbag.D.Keepingagreenerlife.59.Whomaynotliketheideaof“recycling”petanimals?A.Manufacturers.B.Drivers.C.Animalfans.D.Theauthorities.60.Whatdotheauthorsthinkoflivingasustainablelife?A.Challenging.B.Inspiring.C.Inviting.D.Touching.BAcrosstheUnitedStates,thereareseveralplaceswheretwoindependenttownsgrewtogethertobecomeonecity—butkeptboththeirnames.WinstonSalemisoneofthem.It’samidsizedcityinwhat’scalledtheplateau（highland）,betweentheAtlanticCoastandtheinlandmountainsinthestateofNorthCarolina.TheWinstonpartisarelativelynewplace,foundedearlythiscentury.It’shometothenation’sbiggestopenairtobaccomarket.Thegiant.ReynoldsTobaccoCompany’sheadquartersisinWinstonSalem,andWinstonisthenameofoneofReynolds’bestknowncigarettebrands.FastgrowingWinstonsoonsurroundedthemucholdertownofSalem,soin1913,peopleintheareavotedtocombinethemintoasingleplace.Fromahistoricalandtouristpointofview,Salem,orOldSalem,asit’scalledtoday,istheinterestingandunusualpartoftown.Salemwasfoundedinthe1700sbytheMoravians.TheyspokeGerman,andtheircommunitywasreligiouslybased,withsinglemenandsinglewomenlivingapartinseparatedormitories.TheMoraviansgreatlyvaluedwomen’sworkandbrainpower.Infact,oneofthenation’soldestboardingschoolsforyoungwomen—theMoravians’SalemAcademyfoundedin1772—isstillinoperation.Overtheyears,SalemlostitsMoraviancharacter.Thatallchanged,though,whenanonprofitgroupbegantorehabilitatethehistoricarea.ThesedaysOldSalemiswhat’scalledalivinghistorymuseum,withexhibits,music,andtoursof18th-centuryhouses,tavernsandMoraviandormitorybuildingsjustsevenblocksfromthetallestskyscraperinWinston-Salem.Thehistoriccommunityisboomingagain.JustasR.J.Reynoldsistakinginmillionsofdollarsmakingcigarettesacrosstown,OldSalemisgeneratingaboutS|15millionayearintourismrevenueanddonations.61.Fromthepassagewecanknowthat____________.A.Winston-SalemisthenameofacityB.SalemishometothetobaccomarketC.thecityWinston-alemhastwonamesD.OldSalemisthenameofatobaccobrand62.ItcanbeinferredfromParagraph3that__________.A.thetwocitiesbenefitedeachotherB.SalemdevelopedfasterthanWinstonC..ReynoldsCompanyhasmovedintoSalemD.thecombinationmeetsthewishesofthepeople63.ThecitySalemisspecialforits__________.A.boardingschoolB.lifestyleandtraditionC.respectforbrainpowerD.religiousbelief64.Theunderlinedword“rehabilitate”inParagraph6isclosestinmeaningto“_________”.A.reconstructB.evaluateC.enlargeD.decorate65.Whatwillprobablybetalkedaboutinthefollowingpart?A.SomeotherattractionsinWinston-Salem.B.HowWinstonmakesprofitsfromtourism.C.Otherexamplesofcitiescombinedbytwoparts.D.Somethingabouttheboardingschoolforwomen.CPoorerchildrenwouldbeofferedthechancetoattendlessonsonSaturdaytohelpcatchupwiththeirmiddleclasspeers(同龄人),theshadowschoolssecretary,MichaelGove,saidtoday.TheConservativeswouldgiveEnglishstateschoolsthefreedomtochoosetohavelongerteachinghoursandextraclassesattheweekend,hetoldtheAssociationofTeachersandLecturers’annualconference.Govesaidthemovewouldhelptoclosetheachievementgapwithricherchildrenwhoseparentscouldaffordextrassuchastutoringandmusiclessons.Hetolddelegates(代表)inManchester:“Forchildrenwhocomefromhomeswhereparentsdon’thavetheresourcestoprovideadditionalstretchandculturalexperiences,therearebenefitsinhavingthosechildreninthelearningenvironment,inschool,forlonger.”“Parentswouldlovetohaveschoolsstartingearlierinsomecircumstances,andcertainlygoingonlaterintheafternoon,giventherealityoftheirworkinglives,”hesaid.HehelduptheexampleofKipp(KnowledgeisPowerProgram)schoolsintheUS,whichareoftenbasedinthepoorestcommunitiesandopenfrom7:30amto5pmonweekdays,plusSaturdays.Butitwouldbeuptoschoolstodecidetoofferlongerhours,Goveadded.ParentssaidSaturdayclassescouldbecomea“badgeofdishonor”ifpupilswereforcedtogo,whileteachersraisedconcernsabouttheirworkload.MargaretMorrissey,ofParentsOutloud,said:“Ithinkthesuggestionthegovernmentmadeaboutone-to-oneteachingforthesekidswouldbeamorepreferablewayofimprovingthesechildren’sperformance.I’mjustnotsurewhethertakingawayachildatweekendsisactuallygoingtomakethemclevererintheweek.”TheATL’sgeneralsecretary,MaryBousted,said:“IfwewantSaturdayschools,thenweneedmoreteachersdoingtheextrahours,notthesameteachersworkinglonger.”66.Theprogramisintendedforchildren____________.A.whoarefrommiddle-classfamiliesB.whoseparentscan’taffordextrahelpC.whoperformpoorlyacademicallyD.whoseweekendsaremostlyunoccupied67.“Additionalstretch”inParagraph4probablyrefersto_________.A.musiclessonsB.physicalrelaxationC.entertainmentactivitiesD.out-of-schoolimprovement68.WhydidGovementionKippschoolsintheUS?A.Tomakeacomparison.B.Tointroduceanewprogram.C.Toseeksupportiveevidence.D.Toprovehisprogramisbetter.69.WhatisMargaretMorrissey’sopinionaboutthenewprogram?A.Favourable.B.Doubtful.C.Optimistic.D.Acceptable.70.Whichofthefollowingistrue?A.Teachersmaynotliketheprogram.B.Schoolsaretryingtomakeprofits.C.Theprogramisalreadyunderway.D.Theprogramispopularwithchildren.DSincethegene,calledDAF-16inworms,wasfoundinmanyanimalsandinhumans,thefindingcouldopenupnewwaystoaffectaging,immunity(免疫)andresistanceinhumans,thescientistssaid.“Wewantedtofindouthownormalagingisbeinggovernedbygenesandwhateffectthesegeneshaveonothertraits,suchasimmunity,”saidRobinMayoftheUniversityofBirmingham,wholedthestudy.Populationsacrosstheworldareagingatasurprisingpace,bringingpotentiallybigchallengesforhealthandsocialcaresystems.AstudybyDanishscientistslastyearfoundthathalfofbabiesbornintherichworldtodaywilllivetocelebratetheir100thbirthdays.Scientistsareeagertofindouthowpeopleagetotrytodevelopdrugstohelpthemstayhealthierastheirlivesextend.“Whatwehavefoundisthatthingslikeresistanceandagingtendtogohandinhand,”Maysaidinaninterview.May’steamcomparedlongevity,stressresistanceandimmunityinfourrelatedspeciesofworm.TheyalsolookedfordifferencesintheactivityofDAF-16ineachofthefourspecies,andfoundthattheywereallquitedistinct.MaysaidDAF-16wasactiveinmostcellsinthebodyandwasverysimilartoagroupofhumangenescalledFOXOgenes,whichscientistsbelieveplayaroleintheagingprocess.“Thefactthatsubtle（微妙的）differencesinDAF-16betweenspeciesseemtohavesuchanimpactonagingandhealthisveryinterestingandmayexplainhowdifferencesinlifespanandrelatedtraitshavearisenduringevolution,”Maysaid.71.Inwhichsectionmaythetextappearinanewspaper?A.Education.B.Science.C.Entertainment.D.Culture.72.AccordingtoMay_________,.A.resistancehasalottodowithagingB.FOXOgenescanbefoundinwormsC.genesplaythesameroleindifferentspeciesD.newdrugswillchangethegenesinolderpeople73.Whatcanweknowfromthethirdparagraph?A.Newwayshavebeenfoundtoaffectaging.B.Babiesintherichworldwillalllivelonger.C.Presentsocialcaresystemsarepoorlymanaged.D.Agingpopulationsarecausingmorechallenges.74.FromthetextweknowthatDAF-16.A.isagenethatisonlyfoundinwormsB.canmakepeoplelivelongerC.hasaneffectonagingandimmunityD.hasbeenquitefamiliartoscientists75.Whatcanbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.ScientistsFindGeneLinkedtoAgingB.PopulationAgingFasterthanExpectedC.HowtoMakePeopleLiveLongerD.GeneDeterminesHowLongWeLive第Ⅱ卷（共45分）第四部分：书面表达（共两节，满分45分）第一节：阅读表达（共5小题；每小题3分,共15分）阅读下面短文,请根据短文后的要求进行答题（请注意问题后的字数要求）。〔1〕TheharmfuleffectsonchildrenweresummeduplastyearinareportbytheNationalResearchCouncilandInstituteofMedicine.Problemsbeginearly,astheinfantsofdepressedmotherscrymorethanotherbabies.Theyhavegreaterfearofstrangersandlesstoleranceforfrustration.Startinginpreschoolandacrossallstagesofchildhood,theyhavemorebehaviorproblemsatschoolandhigherratesofdepressionandanxietydisorders.〔2〕Byadolescence,childrenwithdepressedparentshavepoorersocialrelationsthantheteensofparents________,andthey’remorelikelytobedependentonalcoholanddrugs.Depressioninparentsalsoislinkedtomorebehaviorproblemsatschoolandhigherratesofdepressionandanxietydisorders,accordingtostudiesinthereport.〔3〕Andsomeharmfuleffectsofgrowingupwithadepressedparentappeartoremainintoadulthood.A20-yearstudyonkidsofdepressedparentsfoundthatthosewithdepressedparentssufferedaboutthreetimestherateofanxietydisordersanddepressionbytheir30s,andtheywereinpoorerhealththanpeersandmuchmorelikelytobedependentondrugsandalcohol.Thestudy,believedtobethelongesteverdone,waspublishedintheAmericanJournalofPsychiatryin2022.Theseeffectsmaynotonlybelonglastingbutalsofarreaching.SeriousdepressionaffectsaboutoneinfiveAmericanparents,andmillionchildrenlivewithanadultwhohashadmajordepressioninthelastyear.〔4〕Asknowledgeabouttheeffectsofparentaldepressionhasgrown,sotoohasresearchintohowtofightthoseeffects.Studiessuggest,forexample,thatchangingdestructiveparentingpracticesandteachingchildrengoodcopingstrategiescanmakeabig,positivedifferenceinkids.76.Whatismainlytalkedaboutinthetext?(nomorethan10words)_______________________________________________________________________________77.Whichsentenceinthetextisclosestinmeaningtothefollowingone?Withabetterunderstandingoftheeffectsofdepressedparents,researchisalsobeingconductedonhowtopreventthoseeffects._______________________________________________________________________________78.FillintheblankinParagraph2withproperwords.(nomorethan5words)_______________________________________________________________________________79.Listthreenegativeeffectsofparentaldepressiononchildren.(nomore