小鼠解剖试验报告

小鼠解剖实验报告篇一：实验动物学实验报告实验动物学实验报告一、实验动物：小鼠二、操作流程：抓取，固定，编号，给药，取血，麻醉，绝育，解剖。三、具体操作一、抓取：抓取小鼠时，右手抓住小鼠尾巴，不要过于使劲，以避免惊吓小鼠。左手从小鼠身体后部向前抓（以避免小鼠向后缩咬伤自己），抓住小鼠颈部。固定住小鼠后，将小鼠皮肤往上抓，尽可能将小鼠背部皮肤抓住。左手将小鼠腹部朝向自己，把小鼠尾巴用左手无名指和小指夹住，这时小鼠腹部皮肤紧绷，不能动弹。二、固定：通常利用固定器进行固定。将固定器拧开后，抓住小鼠尾巴"使其钻入固定器中，再将拧下的固定器部份装好"吏小鼠尾部露出，再将可旋转的铁片固定住即可进行后续实验。3、编号：编号方式有两种：①剪脚趾编号：把小鼠腹面朝上，在下的脚趾从左至右依次编为1〜10号，剪10号脚趾加1-9号脚趾依次编为11~19号，在上的脚趾依次编为20,30,40,50,60,70,80,90号其余编号与11~19号类似。②打耳钉编号：耳钉上均有唯一编号，通过利用耳钉钳将耳钉打在小鼠耳朵上即可。实验时通常利用的是第一种方式进行编号，第二种编号通常常利用于需要长距离运输的动物。4、给药：常常利用的给药方式有：①口服给药：即灌胃。将注射器装入药物溶液，装上灌胃针（灌胃针有直头和弯头两种，区别不大）。如上所述，抓取小鼠后，使其头部朝上，尽可能呈一直线，取灌胃针，从小鼠嘴角一侧缓缓插入（维持刻度在自己能看到的位置），顺着小鼠口腔食道的弧度让小鼠将针咽入，灌胃进程中若是碰到阻碍必然要及时拔出灌胃针，不可强行灌胃以避免伤及小鼠食道和肺部。灌胃针顺利进入后大体与小鼠身体呈一条直线，注入适量体积后再顺着食道缓缓掏出灌胃针。②静脉注射：小鼠尾部有3条静脉和1条动脉，3条静脉非别位于背部，及双侧。静脉注射时一般选取双侧静脉，因为其相对于背部静脉更为清楚饱满。将小鼠固定后，用酒精擦拭其尾部静脉"使其充血，以便注射。以后使注射器针孔处朝上，针与尾部呈约30°扎入尾部后向上轻挑，再向内扎入部份，此进程应该比较顺畅，没有阻碍，若阻碍较大则有可能扎入到了皮肤中。扎入后将活塞向后回抽一点可见到有血回流，则说明成功扎入静脉当中，注射适当体积后迅速拔针，用酒精进行消毒。五、取血：有断尾取血法和眼眶取血法两种。本次实验利用的是眼眶取血法。抓取小鼠，固定其头部用手指将其上下眼睑分开，露出其眼球而且不能闭上。用玻璃毛细管从其上眼角处扎入眼球后方毛细血管从，使血液顺着毛细管留下，取血完成后快速将毛细管取下。六、麻醉：抓取老鼠，使其头部朝下，使其腹部脏器向胸腔靠拢，露出腹部空腔，以避免刺伤脏器。将注射器竖直扎入靠近后腿部腹腔，刺入以后略微向前倾斜但不要向前刺入，一般注入0.5mL镇痛剂即可。随后拔出针，方向小鼠，等待几分钟后即可麻醉。7、绝育：绝育手术是通过剪除雌鼠卵巢或雄鼠输精管来实现的。将麻醉的雌鼠背面朝上，从其胸腔和尾部之间向下三分之一处剪开一个小口，用镊子将其卵巢掏出，上面呈现红色斑点的部份即为卵巢，用剪子将这一部份剪除，然后用缝合针线将其缝合，缝合方式为将针穿事后，将线缠绕镊子两圈再逆时针缠绕两圈，再重复缠绕一遍，将镊子夹住线头把缠绕的线移至线头系紧即可（缝合进程全程用镊子和剪子操作），里面肌肉层和外面皮层均需缝合。雄鼠则从外生殖器向上1-2cm处剪开小口，用镊子在其中找出输精管（较细长的乳白色小管），尽可能多减掉一些，以避免其长长愈合，以上述方式缝合伤口即可。九、解剖：以颈椎脱臼法处死小鼠，使其腹面朝上。用镊子将其腹部皮肤夹起，然后用剪子剪开，观察各个器官所在位置和形态，解剖完的小鼠放入尸身袋中。篇二：小鼠解剖实验小鼠的腹腔解剖实验一、实验小鼠处死二、小鼠体腔整体解剖三、小鼠腹腔Shinysurfaceoftheorgansisthevisceralperitoneum;shinyliningtheabdominalwallistheparietalperitoneum四、小鼠横膈Thediaphragmisthethinmuscularmembranebelowtheheartandabovetheliver(secondsquarefromthetop)五、小鼠腹腔重要脏器一览Ignorethetopsquare(lunginthorax).Fromtheredownaretheliver,stomach,spleen,leftkidney,leftseminalvesicleandtheurinarybladderFromtheleft:liver,smallintestine,largeintestine,spleen,urinarybladder,lefttestisFromthetop:heart,diaphragm,gallbladder(betweentherightlateralandmediallobesoftheliver),leftmediallobeofliver),spleen,largeintestineFromtheleft:coiledoviduct,leftuterinehorn,leftovaryabovetheleftoviduct;notethattheuterusisbicornuate(Femalereproductiveorgans)六、小鼠心脏和肺Heart(ventricles)andleftlungLungsinflatedbyblowingintonostrils七、小鼠腹腔脏器彼此关系简图图一图二篇三：南方科技大学生物小鼠解剖英文实验报告生物系实验报告姓名班级学号实验日期XX.5.21科目实验名称MouseDissection合作者指导教师成绩LAB10:MouseDissectionIntroduction:Inbiomedicalresearch,animalmodelsarealwaysregardedasindispensabletools.Theycontributetothescientificdiscoveryinbiologyandourunderstandingofthefunctionsofindividualgenes,eventhemechanismofdifferentdiseases.Typically,althoughmicearedifferentfromhumankindinsizeandappearance,theyhaveadistinctgeneticsimilarity.Atthesametime,micehaveanefficientabilitytoreproduce,sotheyareimportantresearchtoolsforexperimentsinthelab.Inthisexperiment,wewillexercisetodissectamouse,sothatwecanobservetheinsideofamammalianbodytoidentifythefemaleandmalemice.Learningandrecognizingtheanatomicalstructureofmice,including.MaterialsandMethods:Materials:Operationplate,Scissor,Forceps,Alcoholcotton,Mouse.Methods:[wegetamalemouse]Observationsofexternalfeatures.MakeatableT-1..Havinganoverheadview,identifythemouseshead,neck,truck,andtail;observethedorsalandventralsurfaces.Roughlyrecordwhatisseen..Observethethoraxwhichissupportedbytheribcage,andtheabdomen,andthedetailsofappendagesattachedtotheabdomen..Findthemouth,twoexternalnostrils,twoexternalauditorycanals,andanus,whichareonthebodysurface..Haveasimplylookatthesurfaceofreproductiveorgan,prepuce,urethralandpenisincluding.Andlocatethesaclikescrotum;feelforthepairedtestesinthescrotum.Notetheroughfeatures.Observationoforgansandstructuresinsidethemouse.[OpentheVentralBodyCavities,ThoracicCavity,andAbdominopelvicCavityinorder.Wemustbreaktheribsneartheattachmenttothevertebralcolumntofoldbacktheupperflaps.]MakeatableT-2.VentralBodyCavities.Makealongitudinalincisionthroughtheskinwithadissectingscissor,fromthenecktothepreputialopening.Piercethebodywallbelowtheribs,withthebladesangledupward,sothatitwon'tdamagetheinternalorgans.Pullthesidesofthelongitudinalincision,andlookforthediaphragm.Thenmaketwoperpendicularcutsthroughthebodywallbelowthediaphragm.Afterthis,cutthediaphragmThoracicCavity.Afteropening,observetheheartandcutthethymusawaysothatwecanobservetheheartclearly.Makesurethelocationoflung,findthetracheaandbronchus.NotethefeaturesintableT-2.AbdominopelvicCavity.Observetheliverwhichisposteriortothediaphragm,lookforthegallbladder.Locatethestomach,andthenexaminethespleen.Notewherethesmallintestineis,andlookforthepancreas(cansecreteinsulin).Takephotosandrecordthefeatures.Findtheplacewheresmallintestineemptiesintolargeintestine.Observetheshortrectumwhichisneartoanus,andcecum.Separatetheesophagus,dorsalmesentery,andthedescendingportionofthelargeintestine.Givetheurinarybladder.Findtwokidneys,andtheurethraconnectedtothem,theureterstartfromthecentralofkidney.Examinetheorgansofthereproductivesystem.Usescissorstoopenthescrotumtoexposethetestis,andthenfindthecoiledepididymisandvasdeferens.Roughlyobserveamouseoftheoppositesex.Results:tableT-1Aswecansee,thebloodvesselsontheearareapparent,andthepenisiswrappedinprepuce.Thesaclikescrotumisoutsidethebody,andisneartoanusatthesametime.tableT-2Thethymusisimportantinthedevelopmentoftheimmunedefenses.Thebronchicancarryairfromthetracheatowardthelungs,duringtheprocessofinspiration.Thesmallintestineislongestorganinthebody,fillingmostoftheAbdominopelviccavity.Pancreasproducesenzymesforthedigestionoffoodand,asapartoftheendocrinesystem,itsecretesinsulinintotheblood.Thesystemoffemalemouseissimilartomaleweobserve,exceptthereproductiveorgans.Discussions:Question1:Howtodistinguishfemaleandmalemouse?Fromtheappearanceofexternalgenitalorgans,wecanrecognizethem,thedifferenceofpenisandvaginamouthisapparent.Besides,thefemalemousehasmanyvisiblenipplesandtheinternalstructuresarealsoeasytodistinguish.Question2:Listsomeorgansyouareabletorecognizeinsystemsincludingcirculatory,respiratory,Respiratorysystem:lungs,trachea,bronchus.Digestivesystem:stomach,spleen,pancreas,liver,gallbladder.Urinarysystem:kidney,ureter,urinarybladder.Reproducti