2017五夜十篇精讲及随堂笔记

第十篇教Text1.1)TheHeartoftheMatter,”deservespraise作者/forThereportaffirmstheimportanceofthehumanitiesandsocialsciences/totheprosperityandsecurityofliberaldemocracyinAmerica.thejust–releasedreportbytheAmericanAcademyofArtsandsciences（AAAS，2.1)Regrettably，however，thereport’sfailuremaycausemoreharmthangood2)failuretoaddressthetruenatureofthecrisis/facingliberalAccordingtoParagraph1,whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardtheAAAS’s2.1)Regrettably，however，thereport’sfailuremaycausemoreharmthangood2)failuretoaddressthetruenatureofthecrisis/facingliberal二1.1)In2010，leadingcongressionalDemocratsandRepublicanssentletterstotheaskingthatAAASidentifyactionscouldbetakenby“A”to“maintainnationalexcellenceinhumanitiesandsocialscientificscholarshipandeducation.”4）A=federal，stateandlocal individualbenefactorandothersInresponse,theAmericanAcademyAAASformedtheCommissionontheHumanitiesandSocialScience.Amongthecommission’s51membersaretop-tier-universitys,scholars,lawyers,judges,andbusinessexecutivesaswellasprominentfiguresfromdiplomacy,filmmaking,musicandjournalism.Influentialfiguresinthecongress/requiredthattheAAASreportonhowto“maintainnationalexcellenceinhumanitiesandsocialscientificscholarshipand ernment’srolein［D］keepaleadingpositioninliberalliberaleducation=humanitiesandsocial三1.Thegoalsidentifiedinthereportaregenerally1)Becauserepresentativeernment(代议制政府) presupposesaninformedApresupposesBinformed2)thereportsupportsfulllicy;()stressesthestudyofhistoryandernment,particularlyAmericanhistoryandAmericanernment;andtheuseofnewdigitalToencourageinnovationandcompetition,thereportcallsforincreasedinvestmentinresearch,thecrafting制定ofcoherentcurricula/thatimprovestudents’abilitytosolveproblemsandcommunicateeffectivelyinthe21stcentury,increasedfundingforteachersandtheencouragementofscholarstobringtheirlearningtobearonthegreatchallengesoftheday. Thereportalsoadvocatesgreaterstudyofforeignlanguages,internationalaffairsandtheexpansionofstudyabroadprograms.线索句线索句 有资格和选 的句子Accordingtoparagraph3,thereport （选项定位［A］anexclusivestudyofAmerican［B］agreateremphasisontheoreticalsubjects.［C］theapplicationofemerging.theuseofnewdigital.［D］fundingforthestudyofforeign（给四.1.Unfortunay,despite2.5yearsinthemaking,"TheHeartoftheMatter"nevergetstotheheartofthemattertheilliberalnatureofliberaleducationatourleadingcollegesanduniversities.（句加强版！详尽版！豪华版！尊贵版ThecommissionignoresthatforseveraldecadesAmerica'scollegesanduniversitieshaveproducedgraduates/whodon'tknowthecontentandcharacterofliberaleducationandarethusdeprivedofitsbenefits.(没法体会其好处！)Sadly,thespiritofinquiryonceathomeoncampushasbeenrecedbyA=theuseofthehumanitiesandsocialsciencesasvehiclesforpublicizing"progressive,"orleft-liberalpropaganda.Propaganda：宣传工具五.Today,professorsroutinelytreattheprogressiveinterpretationofhistoryandprogressivepublicasthepropersubjectofstudywhileportrayingconservativeorclassicalliberal-such marketsandself-reliance--asfallingoutsidetheboundariesof（investigation）,andsometimes（fallingoutsidetheboundariesof）legitimate,inlectual句子简化ProfessorsroutinelytreatAasA=theprogressiveinterpretationofhistoryandprogressivepublic（支持Bthepropersubjectofstudy（正评价词）while但是professorsportrayCasC=conservativeorclassicalliberalideas--suchas CD=fallingoutsidetheboundariesofroutine,andsometimeslegitimate,in ACBDtreat=portrayview=deem=seeaccepttakeregard=认为…as是Theauthorimpliesinparagraph5thatprofessors［A］supportive ［B］conservativeaboutpublic［C］biasedagainstclassicalliberal［D］cautiousabout lectual先做性质判断，在做程度判断六.TheAAASdisysgreatenthusiasmforliberaleducation.YetitsreportmaywellsetbackreformbyobscuringthedepthandbreadthofthechallengethatCongressaskedittoilluminate.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthe［A］WaystoGrasp“TheHeartofthe［B］IlliberalEducationand“TheHeartofthe vs.LiberalLiberalEducation=liberalart 哲学，文学，历史学，社会学 “无用之学MBA，会计，工程，…..“有用之Pragmatic第十篇文章①“TheHeartoftheMatter,”thejust–releasedreportbytheAmericanAcademyofArtsandsciences（AAAS），deservespraiseforaffirmingtheimportanceofthehumanitiesandsciencestotheprosperityandsecurityofliberaldemocracyinAAAS最近发布了一份名为“问题的”的报告，这份报告再次确认了人文和②Regrettably，however，thereport’sfailuretoaddressthetruenatureofthecrisisfacingliberaleducationmaycausemoreharmthangood.处可能会大于其带来的好处①In2010，leadingcongressionalDemocratsandRepublicanssent theaskingthatitidentifyactionsthatcouldbetakenby“federal，stateandlocalernment，universities，foundations，educators，individualbenefactorandothers”to“maintainnationalexcellenceinhumanitiesandsocialscientificscholarshipandeducation.”2010年，议会中处于领军地位的党和议员给AAAS写了，要求其能确定一些行为，这些行为能被“，各州，当地，大学，，教育家，捐赠者和其他人”共同采纳以维持在人文科学，社会科学奖学金以及教育方面的领先地位。②Inresponse,theAmericanAcademyformedtheCommissionontheHumanitiesandSocialScience.作为回应 组建了在人文和社会科学方面的③Amongthecommission’s51membersaretop-tier-universitys,scholars,lawyers,judges,andbusinessexecutivesaswellasprominentfiguresfromdiplomacy,filmmaking,musicandjournalism.中的51个成员包括，顶级大学的大学校长，学者，以及公司高管，同时还包括，，音乐和方面的杰出。①Thegoalsidentifiedinthereportaregenerally报告所确立的目标令人钦佩②Becauserepresentativeernmentpresupposesaninformedcitizenry,thereportsupportsfulllicy;stressesthestudyofhistoryandernment,particularlyAmericanhistoryandAmericanernment;andencouragestheuseofnewdigital.③Toencourageinnovationandcompetition,thereportcallsforincreasedinvestmentinresearch,thecraftingofcoherentcurriculathatimprovestudents’abilitytosolveproblemsandcommunicateeffectivelyinthe21stcentury,increasedfundingforteachersandtheencouragementofscholarstobringtheirlearningtobearonthegreatchallengesoftheday.为了鼓励创新和竞争，报告号召在研究中增加投资，制定连贯的课程大纲以提高学生21世纪有效解决问题和沟通的能力。增加在师资上的投入，同时鼓励学者将他们的研究应用于应对每天大的。④Thereportalsoadvocatesgreaterstudyofforeignlanguages,internationalaffairsandtheexpansionofstudyabroadprograms.①Unfortunay,despite2.5yearsinthemaking,"TheHeartoftheMatter"nevergetstotheheartofthematter:theilliberalnatureofliberaleducationatourleadingcollegesanduniversities.不幸的是，尽管花了两年半才做出这个计划，“问题的”这份报告从来就没有触及到问题的：我们顶级高校中“自由教育（素质教育）中不自由的本质”.②ThecommissionignoresthatforseveraldecadesAmerica'scollegesanduniversitieshaveproducedgraduateswhodon'tknowthecontentandcharacterofliberaleducationandarethusdeprivedofitsbenefits.忽略了，近几十年来，高校培养的毕业生并不知道素质教育的内容和特点，进而被了素质教育的好处。③Sadly,thespiritofinquiryonceathomeoncampushasbeenrecedbytheuseofthehumanitiesandsocialsciencesasvehiclesforpublicizing"progressive,"orleft-liberal①Today,professorsroutinelytreattheprogressiveinterpretationofhistoryandprogressivepublicasthepropersubjectofstudywhileportrayingconservativeorclassicalliberal-suchasmarketsandself-reliance--asfallingoutsidetheboundariesofroutine,andsometimeslegitimate,inlectualinvestigation.今天的教授们通常会把对于历史的进步的解读已经渐进的公共政策作为恰当的研究①TheAAASdis ysgreatenthusiasmforliberaleducation.AAAS在自由 ②YetitsreportmaywellsetbackreformbyobscuringthedepthandbreadthofchallengethatCongressaskeditto但是，其报告掩盖了国会要求展现的问题的深度和广度，进而阻碍了的进行AccordingtoParagraph1,whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardtheAAAS’sInfluentialfiguresinthecongressrequiredthattheAAASreportonhow ernment’srolein［D］keepaleadingpositioninliberalAccordingtoparagraph3,thereport［A］anexclusivestudyofAmerican［B］agreateremphasisontheoretical［C］theapplicationofemerging［D］fundingforthestudyofforeignTheauthorimpliesinparagraph5thatprofessors［A］supportive ［B］conservativeaboutpublic［C］biasedagainstclassicalliberalWhichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthe［A］WaystoGrasp“TheHeartofthe［B］IlliberalEducationand“TheHeartofthe［D］Progressivevs.Liberal第七篇文一.1.Themostthoroughlystudiedinlectualsinthehistoryofthenewworld（）aretheministersandpoliticalleadersofseventeenth-centuryNewEngland.1）AccordingtothestandardhistoryofAmerican2）nowhereelseincolonialAmerica＝只有在新英格兰／Somuchimportancewasattachedtoinlectualpursuits."andpreoccupations(优先地位)ofanunfolding,dominantPuritantraditioninAmericaninlectual作者不明确的观点=作者观点=作者支持的观Theauthornotesthatintheseventeenth-centuryNew ［A］Puritantraditiondominatedpoliticallife Somuchimportancewasattachedtoinlectual lectualpursuitsenjoyedaliberal二1.TotakethisapproachtotheNewEnglandersnormallymeanstostartwiththePuritans'theologicalinnovationsandtheirdistinctiveideasaboutthechurch()—importantsubjectsthatwemaynotneglect.（创新之人！）2.Butinkeewith（与…一致）ourexaminationofsoutherninlectuallife,wemayconsidertheoriginalPuritansascarriersofEuropeancultureadjustingtoNewworldcircumstances.（作者观点（欧洲文化！）3.TheNewEnglandcolonieswerethescenesofimportantepisodesinthepursuitofwidelyunderstoodidealsofcivilityandvirtuosity.(文化！)widelyunderstoodidealsofcivilityandvirtuosity=EuropeanThemillionsareawakeenoughforphysicallabor;butonlyoneinamillionisawakeenoughforeffectivein lectualexertion,onlyoneinahundredmillionstoapoeticordivinelife.civilityandItissuggestedinparagraph2thatNew ［A］experiencedacomparativelypeacefulearlyhistory.［B］broughtthecultureoftheOldWorldwithwemayconsidertheoriginalPuritansascarriersofEuropeancultureadjustingtoNewworldthecultureoftheOldWorld=European［C］paidlittleattentiontosouthern lectual ［D］wereobsessed（NG）withreligious三.1)TheearlysettlersofMassachusettsBayincludedmenofimpressiveeducationandinfluenceinEngland.BesidestheninetyorsolearnedministerswhocametoMassachusettschurchinthedecadeafter1629,therewerepoliticalleaderslikeJohnWinthrop,aneducatedgentleman,lawyer,andofficialoftheCrownbeforehejourneyedtoBoston.Thesemenwroteandpublishedextensively,reachingbothNewWorldandOldWorldaudiences,andgivingNewEnglandanatmosphereofinlectualearnestness（求知若渴的氛围！）.TheearlyministersandpoliticalleadersinMassachusettsBay Thesemen=learnedministersand［A］werefamousintheNewWorld/fortheir强加因果［C］abandonedhighpositionsbeforecomingtotheNew［D］createdanew lectualatmosphereinNewgivingNewEnglandanatmosphereof 四1.Weshouldnotforget,howeverthatmostNewEnglanderswerelesswell1）Whilefewcraftsmenorfarmers,letalonedependentsandservants,leftli compositionstobeyzed，2）itisobviousthattheirviewswerelessfully While置于句首=置于居中=TheirthinkingoftenhadatraditionalsuperstitionsAtailornamedJohnDane,whoemigratedinthelate1630s,leftanaccountofhisreasonsforleavingEngland/thatisfilledwithsigns.（征兆）5.1）ualconfusion,economicfrustrations,andreligioushope—allcametogetherinadecisivemoment2）whenheopenedtheBible,toldhisfatherthefirstlinehesawwouldsettlehis andreadthemagicalwords:"comeoutfromamongthem,touchnouncleanthing,andIwillbeyourGodandyoushallbemypeople."1)OnewhatDanethoughtofthecarefulsermonsexiningthethatheheardinpuritanThestoryofJohnDaneshowsthatlesswell-educatedNewEnglanderswere 例子所对应的观［A］influencedby［C］puzzledbychurch五. asoneclergymanlearnedinconfrontingfolkalongthecoastwhomockedthattheyhadnotcometotheNewworldforreligion. "Ourmainend(goal)wastocatchfish.ThetextsuggeststhatearlysettlersinNew 归纳不推理［A］weremostlyengagedinpolitical［B］weremotivatedbyanillusory［C］camefromdifferent［D］leftfewformalrecordsforlaterandpoliticalleadersofseventeenth-centuryNewEngland.Weshouldnotforget,however,thatmostNewEnglanderswerelesswelleducated.3)Meanwhile,manysettlershadslighterreligiouscommitmentsthanDane's,第七篇文①Themostthoroughlystudiedinthehistoryofthenewworldaretheministersandpoliticalleadersofseventeenth-centuryNewEngland.②AccordingtothestandardhistoryofAmericanphilosophy,nowhereelseincolonialAmericawas"Somuchimportantattachedtoinlectualpursuits."preoccupationsofanunfolding,dominantPuritantraditioninAmericaninlectuallife.①TotakethisapproachtotheNewEnglandersnormallymeanstostartwiththePuritans'theologicalinnovationsandtheirdistinctiveideasaboutthechurch——importantsubjectsthatwemaynotneglect.②Butinkeewithourexaminationofsoutherninlectuallife,wemayconsidertheoriginalPuritansascarriersofEuropeancultureadjustingtoNewworldcircumstances.③TheNewEnglandcolonieswerethescenesofimportantepisodesinthepursuitofwidelyunderstoodidealsofcivilityandvirtuosity.①TheearlysettlersofMassachusettsBayincludedmenofimpressiveeducationinfluencein②BesidestheninetyorsolearnedministerswhocametoMassachusettschurchinthedecadeafter1629,therewerepoliticalleaderslikeJohnWinthrop,aneducatedgentleman,lawyer,andofficialoftheCrownbeforehejourneyedtoBoston.③Thesemenwroteandpublishedextensively,reachingbothNewWorldandOldWorldaudiences,andgivingNewEnglandanatmosphereofinlectualearnestness.①Weshouldnotforget,however,thatmostNewEnglanderswerelesswell但是我们记了，大多数的新英格兰人并没有受过良好的教育②Whilefewcraftsmenorfarmers,letalonedependentsandservants,leftlirycompositionstobeyzed，itisobviousthattheirviewswerelessfullyinlectualized.（更不用说佃户和仆人了）但他们的观点明显不够理性。 他们的思想往往带有传统 色彩③ 他们的思想往往带有传统 色彩④AtailornamedJohnDane,whoemigratedinthelate1630s,leftanaccountofhisreasonsforleavingEnglandthatisfilledwithsigns.一位名叫JohnDane的裁缝，他在1630年代到了，他留下的关于离开英格兰⑤ualconfusion,economicfrustrations,andreligioushope-allnametogetherinadecisivemomentwhenheopenedtheBible,toldhisfatherthefirstlinehesawwouldsettlehisfate,andreadthemagicalwords:"comeoutfromamongthem,touchnouncleanthing,andIwillbeyourGodandyoushallbemypeople."性的困惑，经济的挫折和的希望，所有这一切就在这样一个关键的时刻一下子涌⑥OnewonderswhatDanethoughtofthecarefulsermonsexiningtheBiblethatheheardinpuritanchurched.人们会纳闷 在清教教堂里听到那些精心诠释的解释的文时作何感想①Meanwhile,manysettleshadslighterreligiouscommitmentsthanDane's,asoneclergymanlearnedinconfrontingfolkalongthecoastwhomockedthattheyhadnotcometotheNewworldforreligion.聊天的时候，遇到一个，这个人就戏谑的说，我们来这里就不是为了信教而来的。②"Ourmainendwastocatchfish.我们的目标就是去捕鱼的Theauthornotesthatintheseventeenth-centuryNew lectualpursuitsenjoyedaliberalItissuggestedinparagraph2thatNew ［B］broughtwiththemthecultureoftheOld［C］paidlittleattentiontosouthern lectual［D］wereobsessedwithreligiousTheearlyministersandpoliticalleadersinMassachusetts ［A］werefamousintheNewWorldfortheir［C］abandonedhighpositionsbeforecomingtotheNew［D］createdanew lectualatmosphereinNewThestoryofJohnDaneshowsthatlesswell-educatedNewEnglanderswere ［A］influencedby［C］puzzledbychurchThetextsuggeststhatearlysettlersinNew ［A］weremostlyengagedinpolitical［B］weremotivatedbyanillusory［C］camefromdifferent［D］leftfewformalrecordsforlaterThemillionsareawakeenoughforphysicallabor;butonlyoneinamillionisawakeenoughforeffectivein lectualexertion,onlyoneinahundredmillionstoapoeticordivinelife.2010年第一.一.1.1）Ofallthechanges／thathavetakenceinEnglish-language／duringthepastquarter-）perhapsthemostfar-reaching（ｃｈａｎｇｅ）hasbeentheinexorable（不可避免的）declineinthescopeandseriousnessoftheirarts二.1Itistoimagineatothepointofimpossibility1=veryfortheaveragereaderundertheageofforty5)whenhigh-qualityartscriticismcouldbefoundinmostbig-citynewspapers.（我们很难想象那样一个时代）Yetaconsiderablenumberofthemostsignificantcollectionsofcriticismpublishedinthe20thcenturyconsistedin（包含）largepartofnewspaperreviews.（但是那样的时代确实存在！）1)Toreadsuchbookstodayistomarvelatthefact2)thattheirlearnedcontents学术的内容)wereoncedeemedsuitableforpublicationingeneral-circulationdailies.ItisindicatedinParagraphs1and2artscriticismhasdisappearedfrombig-cityEnglish-languagenewspapersusedtocarrymorearts1）theinexorable（不可避免的）declineinthescopeandseriousnessoftheirartscoverage.2）whenhigh-qualityartscriticismcouldbefoundinmostbig-cityhigh-qualitynewspapersretainalargebodyofyoungreadersdoubtthesuitabilityofcriticismonmarvelattheWeareevenfartherremovedfromtheunfocusednewspaperreviewspublishedinEnglandbetweentheturnofthe20thcenturyandtheeveofWorldWarII,atatimewhennewsprintwasdirt-cheapandstylishartscriticismwasconsideredanornamenttothepublicationsinwhichitappeared.Inthosefar-offdays,itwastakenforgrantedthatthecriticsofmajorpaperswouldwriteindetailandatlengthabouttheeventstheycovered.Theirswasaseriousbusiness,andeventhosereviewerswhoworetheirlearningli