写给五夜十篇学员的一封

PAGE2群PAGE2群TextIt’salmost eaclichétonotethatwomenarestillunder-earningcomparedtomeninthework.Butmaybethisrealityshouldn’tkeepsurprisingus.Therecentheadlinesmissanimportantpartofthework-lifebalancestory:plentyofworkingmothersareearninglessthanmenbecausetheywantthesortofjobsandworkingarrangementswhichindeedpayless.Currentlaborstatisticsbearoutthesefantasies:womenaretwiceaslikelyasmentoworkpart-timeeventhoughtheyarealsomorelikelytobecollege-educatedandthusmoremarketable.Wespillalotofinktryingtoaccountforthisseemingfailure:corporateAmericadoesn’tdoenoughforfamilies(undoubtedlytrue).ernmentdoesn’tdoenoughforfamilies.(Ditto.)Butthere’sacertaincondescensionintheseexnations,asifwecan’tquitebelieveawomanknowsherownmind.EvenincountriesliketheNetherlands,withatightlywovensafetynetandahighdegreeofgenderequality,themajorityofmothersstilloptformoretimeathomewiththeirfamilies.Andwhynot?Maybeit’stimetostopsearchingforsocietalillsorindividualpathologiestoexinthisfact.Thecostsofbeingapart-timeworkercanbehigh:lowerpayandasenseofdiminishedvalueorexclusion,riskoflay-offs,aswellasmissedopportunitiesforpromotionsandpraise.Butthesenegativesmayinfactbeexaggeratedorattheleastoffsetbytheequivalentdownsidestofull-timeemployment.ThePewpollfoundnodifferenceatallonjobsatisfactionbetweenfullandpart-timeworkers.Thebenefitsofpart-timeworkaresubstantial.Parentscanbewageearnersandrolemodelswithout,lilly,losingsleep.Theycanpreservemostoftheirprofessionalidentityandworkskillsbutstillprovidesupporttoawidergroupofdependentsthanwouldbepossiblewithafull-timeschedule,andwithoutgoinginsaneintheprocess.Everyfamilydecisiondoesn’thavetobecontested:who’scooking,who’s“onduty”tonight,whogetstotakethebusinesstripandwhoisleftbehindtopickupthekids.Thesecomplexitiesdon’tdisappearwithpart-timework,ofcourse,butthey’rejustawholeloteasiertonavigate.Andyoucanforegosomeoftheexpensesthatfull-timeworkersneedtooffsettheirfatigueandtimecrunch:take-outdinnersandhousecleaning,forexample,orbuyingasecondcarinlieuofpublictransportation.It’struethatthetrendtowardpart-time,benefit-employmentcanbefinanciallyruinoustoindividualworkers.Onefifthofthecountry’sjobsarepart-time,andmanyarelow-skilled,deadendpositions.Butit’seasytooverlookhowunrewardingfull-timeemploymentcanbeformanypeople,too–especiallywhentheresearchersandreportersandpunditswhowriteaboutworktrendstendtohavefascinating,flexiblejobswithdecentpay.Weshouldstoplimitingwhatwomenandmenvaluebyinsistingthateveryonehasthesameworkaspirations.Someofusdon’twanttospendthemostproductiveandpreciousyearsofourlivestrappedatthewatercoolerwithour‘workspouses,’andwe’rewillingtopaytheprice.ItcanbeinferredfromParagraph1that themajorityofwomenenjoytheless-paidjobsandworkingwomengenerallyexperiencehigherunemploymentratesthanmen[C]workersinpart-timejobsareusuallypaidlessthanthoseinfull-time[D]womenhavethesameaccesstocollegeeducationastheirmaleWhatcanweknowabouttheIthasestablishedasoundsocialsecuritysystem,especiallyforThedegreeofinequalitybetweenmenandwomenisrelativelylow.[C]Mostmotherschoosetobestay-at-homemomsfortheirfamilies.[D]Therearemorehousewivesthanworkingmothers.ItcanbeimpliedfromParagraph3thatthedisadvantagesofpart-timeemployment faroutweighitsadvantages[B]maybebalancedbyitsadvantages[C]arenomorethanthoseoffull-timeemployment[D]mayactuallybelessscarythanpeoplethinkWhichofthefollowingistheadvantageofpart-limeTakingcareofthefamilieswithoutmissingopportunitiesfor withdailychoresmostlybymothers.Cuttingtheexpensesonvariousproductsthatwouldberequiredbyfull-timework.Enjoyingholidaypay,sickpayandotherextrasthatcomewiththeWhatistheauthor’sattitudetowardmotherswithpart-timejob? Text[答案[解析]推理判断题。根据题干提示可定位至第一段。该段第三句许多上班族赚比少是为她想的这工和工安确低。段后一，女性职作的可能是的两，由此可女性想要工作工作因此工作的薪酬要少于全职，故[C]正确。由该段第三句可知，许多上班族想要的这种工作和工作安排确实低，而非她们喜欢低薪酬的工作及工作安排，故排除[]；该段并未提及有关和女性的失业率问题，故排除[B]可是倍尽性可受学，此具市场竞争力，从该句无法推出女性与拥有同等的接受大学教育的机会，[D]为过度推断，故排除。[答案[解析]节。题theehelnds第。该三可荷兰安全保障体系健全，高度，由此可知其男女不的程度相对较低，故[B]正确。根据第二段第三句可知，荷兰保障体系健全，而不是荷兰对女性的社会保障体系健全，故排除[]；该段第三句在荷兰大部分母亲还是选择花的时间陪伴家庭，而非大多数母亲为了家庭选择做家庭主妇，[C]属于过度推断，故排除；根据该段第三句也并不能推庭主妇的人数要多于职业女性，故排除[D]。[答案[解析]推理判断题。根据题干提示定位至第三段。该段第二句，事实上工作的消极影响可能都被夸大了，或者至少可能被全职工作带来的同等的影响抵消了。由此推出，的弊端等于或少于全职的弊端，故[C]为正确答案。该段并未比较工作的弊端与优势孰轻孰重，因此[]、[B]均与原文不符，予以排除；由该段推断不出人们对弊端的恐惧，故排除[D]。[答案[解析]事实细节题。根据题干advantageofpart-timework定位至第四、五段。根据故[C]正确。第四段第三句，工作者能照顾到的家庭成员，同时保留自身大部分的职业特征和工作技能，而非不用失去升职的机会，故排除[A]；第五段表明夫妻共同处理家务，故排除[B]；这两段并未提及工作者可以享有假期薪水、病假薪水以及其他工[答案[解析]观点态度题。作者在文章最后一段，我们不应该认为每个人都对工作有同等确。[A]“漠不关心的”、[B]“怀疑的”和[C]“悲观的”都与文意不符，予以排除。【参考译文职业女性相比而言收入仍然很低，这几乎成了陈词滥调。但也许这一事实不。(21)最近 忽略了工作和生活平衡的一个重要部分：许多上班族市场竞争力且对家庭也做得不够。(22)但是，甚至在一些像荷兰这样安全保障体系健全和高度平做工作也许要付出很高的代价：工资低，觉得自我价值得不到实现或感到被排斥， 他们可以保留自身大部分的职业特征和工作技能，同时相比全职工作，他们能照顾到的家来接孩子。这些复杂的事情当然不会因为工作而，但是处理起来要远