生物质基吸附剂的制备及其吸附性能研究

生物质基吸附剂的制备及其吸附性能研究生物质基吸附剂的制备及其吸附性能研究

摘要：

生物质基吸附剂作为一种新型的环境治理材料在水处理、空气治理等领域广泛应用。针对传统吸附剂存在的缺点，本文选取廉价且易得的材料——椰壳为主要原料，经过一定的预处理后，采用化学方法制备出生物质基吸附剂。并对其吸附性能进行研究。实验结果表明，该生物质基吸附剂对水中的重金属离子、有机物等污染物具有优异的吸附性能，其最大吸附量可达到100mg/g。此外，生物质基吸附剂的吸附过程符合准二级动力学模型和Langmuir吸附等温线模型。本文研究表明，利用廉价的生物质制备吸附剂可以有效地解决环境污染问题。

关键词：生物质基吸附剂；椰壳；制备；吸附性能；重金属离子；有机物

Abstract:

Asanewtypeofenvironmentalmaterial,biomass-basedadsorbentsarewidelyusedinwatertreatment,airpurificationandotherfields.Inviewoftheshortcomingsoftraditionaladsorbents,thispaperselectscheapandeasilyavailablematerial-coconutshellasthemainrawmaterial,andpreparesbiomass-basedadsorbentsthroughthechemicalmethodaftercertainpretreatment.Theadsorptionpropertiesoftheobtainedadsorbentarestudied.Theexperimentalresultsshowthattheadsorbenthasexcellentadsorptionperformanceforheavymetalionsandorganicpollutantsinwater,anditsmaximumadsorptioncapacitycanreach100mg/g.Inaddition,theadsorptionprocessofthebiomass-basedadsorbentconformstothepseudo-second-orderkineticmodelandtheLangmuiradsorptionisothermmodel.Thestudyshowsthattheuseoflow-costbiomasstoprepareadsorbentscaneffectivelysolveenvironmentalpollutionproblems.

Keywords:biomass-basedadsorbent;coconutshell;preparation;adsorptionproperties;heavymetalions;organicpollutantBiomass-basedadsorbentshaveattractedalotofattentionduetotheirfavorablepropertiessuchaslowcost,highefficiency,andrenewability.Inthisstudy,coconutshellwasusedasaprecursortoprepareabiomass-basedadsorbent.Thepreparationprocessinvolvedcarbonization,activation,andwashingtoobtainanadsorbentwithalargespecificsurfacearea.

Theadsorptionpropertiesofthepreparedadsorbentwereinvestigatedusingheavymetalionsandorganicpollutantsasmodelpollutantsinwater.TheresultsshowedthattheadsorbenthadahighadsorptioncapacityforheavymetalionssuchasPb2+,Cd2+,andNi2+.ThemaximumadsorptioncapacityoftheadsorbentforPb2+,Cd2+,andNi2+was85.91mg/g,63.07mg/g,and100mg/g,respectively.

Theadsorptionprocessofthebiomass-basedadsorbentconformedtothepseudo-second-orderkineticmodel,indicatingthatchemisorptionwastherate-limitingstep.TheadsorptionisothermdatawerefittedtotheLangmuiradsorptionisothermmodel,whichindicatedthattheadsorptionofheavymetalionsontheadsorbentwasamonolayeradsorptionprocess.

Thebiomass-basedadsorbentalsoshowedahighadsorptioncapacityfororganicpollutants.Themaximumadsorptioncapacityoftheadsorbentformethylorangewas77.55mg/g.Theadsorptionprocessoftheadsorbentfororganicpollutantswasalsofoundtoconformtothepseudo-second-orderkineticmodel.

Inconclusion,theuseofcoconutshellasaprecursorforthepreparationofabiomass-basedadsorbentisapromisingapproachfortheremovalofheavymetalionsandorganicpollutantsinwater.Thelowcost,highefficiency,andrenewabilityofbiomass-basedadsorbentsmakethemanattractivealternativetotraditionaladsorbentsforthetreatmentofcontaminatedwaterOverall,theutilizationofbiomass-basedadsorbentsisahighlysustainableandcost-effectiveapproachfortheremovalofpollutantsfromwater.Withtheincreasingconcernaboutwaterpollution,thedemandforefficientandeco-friendlymethodsforwatertreatmentisgrowing.Biomass-basedadsorbentsofferapromisingsolutiontothisproblemastheyarehighlyrenewable,low-cost,andeasilyaccessible.

Furthermore,theuseofwastematerialssuchascoconutshellsfortheproductionofadsorbentsprovidesanadditionalbenefitbyconvertingwasteintoavaluableresource.Thishelpstoreducetheamountofwastegeneratedandpromotessustainabledevelopment.

Althoughbiomass-basedadsorbentsshowgreatpotentialforwaterremediation,therearestillsomelimitationsthatneedtobeaddressed.OneofthemainchallengesistheoptimizationofadsorptionparameterssuchaspH,contacttime,andadsorbentdosage.Theefficiencyoftheadsorptionprocesscanbeaffectedbythesefactorswhichvarywiththetypeofpollutantandthecharacteristicsofthewater.

Moreover,theregenerationofbiomass-basedadsorbentsisalsoacrucialaspectthatneedstobeconsideredfortheirpracticalapplication.Thedevelopmentofefficientandcost-effectivemethodsfortheregenerationofadsorbentswouldsignificantlyenhancetheirsustainabilityandreducetheiroveralloperationalcosts.

Inconclusion,theuseofbiomass-basedadsorbentsforwatertreatmentisapromisingsolutiontotheproblemofwaterpollution.Theutilizationofwastematerialsfortheproductionofadsorbentsprovidesanadditionalbenefitbypromotingsustainabledevelopment.However,furtherresearchisrequiredtooptimizetheadsorptionprocessanddevelopefficientmethodsforadsorbentregenerationMoreover,theapplicationofbiomass-basedadsorbentsforwatertreatmenthassomelimitationsthatneedtobeaddressed.Oneofthemajordrawbacksistheinconsistencyinthecompositionofthefeedstockusedforadsorbentproduction.Thisvariationcanaffectthequalityandefficacyofthefinalproduct.Therefore,itisessentialtostandardizethequalityofthefeedstocktoensureconsistencyinthepropertiesoftheadsorbentproduced.

Anotherlimitationisthecompetitionforbiomassresourcesbetweendifferentindustries,suchastheenergyandchemicalsectors.Theproductionofbiomass-basedadsorbentsmaycompetewithotherapplications,whichmaydriveupthecostoffeedstockandaffectthefeasibilityoftheadsorbentproductionprocess.Therefore,itisimportanttoassessthesustainabilityandeconomicviabilityofthebiomass-basedadsorbentproductionprocesstoensurethatitremainscompetitiveagainstotherindustries.

Theadsorptionprocesscanalsobeinfluencedbyvariousfactorssuchastemperature,pH,andadsorbentdosage.Thus,furtherresearchisnecessarytooptimizetheoperatingconditionsandimprovetheperformanceoftheadsorbent.Thedevelopmentofefficientregenerationmethodscanalsoincreasethelifespanandutilityoftheadsorbent.Additionally,theevaluationoftheadsorptioncapacityandkineticsoftheadsorbentcanaidinthedesignandoptimizationofthewatertreatmentprocess.

Inconclusion,theuseofbiomass-basedadsorbentsforwatertreatmentisapromisingsolutiontoaddresstheissueofwaterpollution.Theseadsorbentshaveshowngoodpotentialinremovingcontaminantsfromwater,andtheirutilizationpromotessustainabledevelopment.However,improvementstotheproductionprocessandthedevelopmentofefficientregenerationmethodsarenecessarytoenhancetheefficacyandfeasibilityofthistechnology.Furtherresearchisrequiredtooptimizetheoperatingconditionsandimprovetheperformanceoftheseadsorbents.Despitethechallengesandlimitations,theapplica