2023年广东省中考语法复习之动词课件

中考语法复习之动词动词的基本形式形式构成备注动词原形动词最基本的形式，没有任何变化1.放在情态动词之后2．放在助动词do，does，did，will，shall等之后3．放在感官动词see，watch，hear，listento等或使役动词let，make，have之后作宾语补足语4．跟在to后面构成动词不定式5．用于祈使句句首第三人称单数1.一般情况下只在动词后加-s2．以s，x，sh，ch结尾的动词，后加-es3．以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的动词，改y为i加-es不规则变化有：have—has，be—is，go—goes,do—does等在一般现在时中，当句子的主语是第三人称单数时，句中的谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式动词的基本形式形式构成备注过去式1.一般情况下直接加-ed2．以“不发音的e”结尾的，加-d3．以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的，把y变为i再加-ed4．以“一个元音字母和一个辅音字母”结尾的重读闭音节动词，先双写末尾一个字母，再加-ed，如stopped等在一般过去时的句子中，动词要用过去式现在分词1.一般情况下在动词后加-ing2．以不发音的字母e结尾的动词，先去掉e再加-ing3．以一个元音字母和一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词，先双写末尾字母再加-ing，如swimming，running等4．以ie结尾的名词，一般将ie改为y，再加-ing，如die—dying，lie—lying，tie—tying现在分词与be动词构成进行时态：现在进行时或过去进行时动词的基本形式形式构成备注过去分词动词规则变化与过去式相同，不规则变化需查不规则动词表过去分词与be动词构成被动语态，与助动词has/have构成现在完成时或与had构成过去完成时中考链接1.MyauntofferedmeadictionaryandI________ithappily.

A．accepted

B．accept

C．accepting D．accepts2.________me，andI'llshowyoutheway.A．Follow

B．Following

C．Followed

D．Follows3.Wehopethere________acomputeroneverystudent'sdeskinthefuture.A．is

B．was

C．willbe

D．hasbeen系动词

系动词本身有意义，但不能单独作谓语，必须和表语在一起构成谓语，说明主语的状态、性质、特征或身份。分类例词备注状态类系动词be(is，am，are，was，were)1.后面接形容词作表语2．系动词没有被动语态，一般也不用于进行时态变化类系动词become，get，turn，go，grow，fall持续类系动词keep，stay，remain感官类系动词feel，look，smell，taste，sound助动词

助动词本身无意义或意义不完整，不能单独作谓语，必须和别的动词连用，一起构成各种时态、语态、否定句和疑问句等结构。分类例词否定形式beis/am/are＋现在分词→现在进行时was/were＋现在分词→过去进行时be＋过去分词→被动语态isn't，amnot，aren't,wasn't，weren'tdodo/does/did后只能跟动词原形；与not及其他动词结合构成否定句；置于主语之前构成疑问句；用于动词原形前加强语气don't，doesn't，didn'thavehave/has＋过去分词→现在完成时had＋过去分词→过去完成时haven't,hasn't，hadn'twill(would)/shall(should)will/shall＋动词原形→一般将来时would＋动词原形→过去将来时won't，shan't，wouldn't，shouldn't中考链接()1.—Jane，Icalledyoulastnightbutnobodyanswered.—Oh，myparentsandI_______awalkintheparkatthattime.

A．aretaking

B．weretaking

C．havetaken()2.—Lydia，haveyoudecidedwhichcitytotravelto，LondonorNewYork?—Notyet.MaybeI_______Londontomeetmyfriendsthistime.A．visit

B．visited

C．willvisit

D．wasvisiting3．I'msorryI__________answeryourcallbecauseI__________listeningtomusic.

didn'twas中考链接4．John

(wait)forme.We__________gotothebookstoretogether.5.—________theCommunistPartyofChina(中国共产党)foundedin1921?—Yes，andher100thbirthdaywasin2021.

A．Is

B．Was

C．Has

D．Have6.—Iwillgoswimmingthisafternoon，Daming.

—Ifyougo，so________I．

A．will

B．do

C．am

D．haveiswaitingwill实义动词分类用法举例备注及物动词(vt)本身意义不完整，需要接宾语才能使其意思完整love，buy，enjoy，teach，lend主要用于下列三种句型：(1)及物动词＋宾语：Ireallyenjoythemovie.(2)及物动词＋宾语＋宾语补足语：Ioftenhearhersinginginthenextroom.(3)及物动词＋间接宾语＋直接宾语：Mymotherboughtmeabeautifuldress.实义动词分类用法举例备注不及物动词(vi)不及物动词自身意思完整，无需接宾语；要接宾语时其后必须用介词listen(to)，wait(for)，look(at/after)，worry(about)，talk(to/with)主要用于下列两种句型：(1)主语＋不及物动词：Hearrived.(2)不及物动词＋介词＋宾语：Heislisteningtomusic.实义动词1.—Idon'tthinksixteen­year­oldsshouldbeallowedtodrive.—I________．It'snotsafe.A．agree

B．agreed

C．willagree

D．hadagreed2—HowlongcanI________themagazines?—Aboutonemonth.A．borrow

B．get

C．buy

D．keep动词短语1.about短语bringabout带来;导致complainabout抱怨know/learnabout了解thinkabout思考；考虑careabout关心，在意dreamabout梦想,梦到talkabout谈论；讨论worryabout担心；烦恼comeabout产生；发生hearabout听说tellabout讲述2.at短语arriveat到达（小地方）Pointat指向Throwat投向laughat嘲笑workat从事，研究shoutat对……大喊knockat敲smileat冲……笑callsb.at打电话给某人动词短语3.away短语takeaway带走;拿走blowaway吹走giveaway赠送;捐赠moveaway搬走runaway逃跑throwaway扔掉;抛奔flyaway飞走putaway将……收起4.back短语bringback带回；便想起comeback回米giveback归还payback偿还getback返回talkback顶嘴lookbackat回首（往事);回忆;回顾动词短语5.down短语breakdown损坏;出故障calmdown平静diedown逐渐变弱falldown突然倒下;倒塌letdown使失望pulldown拆下;摧毁;推倒slowdown减速turndown调低;关小;拒绝cutdown砍倒;削减liedown躺下sitdown坐下writedown写下6.off短语showoff炫耀getoff下车cleanoff把……擦掉cutoff切除;剪掉giveoff发出;放出payof偿清putoff推迟takeoff起飞;脱下turnoff关掉kicksb.off开除某人seesb.off为某人送行动词短语5.down短语breakdown损坏;出故障calmdown平静diedown逐渐变弱falldown突然倒下;倒塌letdown使失望pulldown拆下;摧毁;推倒slowdown减速turndown调低;关小;拒绝cutdown砍倒;削减liedown躺下sitdown坐下writedown写下6.off短语showoff炫耀getoff下车cleanoff把……擦掉cutoff切除;剪掉giveoff发出;放出payof偿清putoff推迟takeoff起飞;脱下turnoff关掉kicksb.off开除某人seesb.off为某人送行动词短语7.on短语dependon取决于keepon继续(前行）callon号召;拜访carryon继续decideon作出决定cheeron为……加油comeon快点儿;加油tryon试穿fallon降临holdon等一下

puton穿上;增加体重knockon敲workon从事于……;继续工作;对……起作用动词短语8.out短语carryout执行，开展bringout便显现cutout删除:删去findout查明;弄清checkout察看dieout火绝helpout帮助分担工作giveout分发，散发pointout指出leaveout忽略sellout售完;卖光runout用完，耗尽setout出发;开始takeout拿出，取出clearout清理;丢掉eatout出去吃hangout闲逛lookout小心，当心stayout待在外面tryout试验;选拔动词短语9.up短语giveup放弃reachup够得着cheerup(便)振作起来bringup提出；养育pickup搭载;接电话eatup吃光;吃完cleanup打扫hurryup赶快;急忙fixup修理;装饰makeup编造;化妆setup建立;设立stayup个睡觉;熬夜useup用完;耗尽buildsb.up增强某人的体质standup站立showup出功;露面dressup（装)打扮growup成长;长大sendup反出；射出wakeup睡醒;唤醒动词短语10.with短语keepintouchwith与……保持联系agreewith同意comeupwith提出playwith和……玩begin/startwith以……开始endwith以……結束connectwith与……相连helpoutwith帮忙做……catchupwith赶上;超过geton/alongwith与……和睦相处;关系良好comparewith与……作比較practicewith和……一起练习fallinlovewith喜欢上talkwith与……谈论动词短语11.for短语askfor请求;要求carefor关心;照料sendfor召喚;派人去清payfor为……付钱;赔偿leavefor动身去某地standfor代表;支持waitfor等待callfor要求;提倡runfor竞选12.come短语comealong出现;到来comefrom来自comeover顺便来访comeabout产生;发生comeback回来comeout开花;出现;显露;出版cometrue头现;成为现实动词短语13.look短语lookthrough浏览lookdownupon看不起;看轻lookover仔细检查lookafter照顾;照料lookat看lookfor寻找lookaround环顾四周lookinto调查;审查lookup查阅;拾头看lookforwardto盼望；期待14.put短语putdown放下putthrough接通;完成puttogether放在一起putin/into插入;放进putup搭建;举起;挂起/张贴o/togooduse好好利用……putout扑灭;熄灭动词短语15.take短语takeafter(外貌或行为）像takedown拆卸;记录takeover接管takeup占据;占去;从事takeon从事;承担takecareof照坝takein吸人;吞入(体内）takeplace发生takepartin参加16.turn短语turnaround转身turnto转向;求助于turninto(便)变成turnup调高(音量);出现turnback(使)原路返回turnout结果是动词短语17.get短语getaway逃离getinto逛人seton上车getup起床getback返回getout离开getto到达getreadyfor为……做准备getdown下来getoutof逃跑gettogether相聚18.go短语goaway走开;离开goout熄火;出去goon继续下去goby经过;顺便拜访goafter追逐;追寻goahead开始;前进随堂练习1.Ifyouwanttoknowmoreaboutspace,please

thebookABriefHistoryofTime.A.lookthroughB.lookaroundC.lookafterD.lookdownupon2.MartinandSusan

forShanghaitoattendaninternationalmeetingyesterday.A.putoffB.felloffC.setoffD.keptoff3.—Mum,shallwegotothebeachtomorrow?—It

theweather.A.carriesonB.livesonC.dependsonD.holdson4.—IwillmissmyfamilywhenIgoabroadforfurtherstudythisautumn.—Don'tworry.Youcan

thembye-mail.A.comeupwithB.getalongwithC.makefriendswithD.keepintouchwith5.Againandagainthedoctor

thecryingbabygirl,buthecouldn'tfindoutwhatwaswrongwithher.A.lookedoverB.lookedafterC.lookedforD.lookedout随堂练习

Williamisastudentofmine.Hisgradeswerepoor.Ioftenworriedifhe'dbeableto1theexamuntilthelastfewweeksoftheyearwhenwewerehavingaclassproject.Intheproject,eachchild2sunflowerseeds(种子)inabottle.Plantingtheseedswasexcitingformanystudents,butthegrowingpartwasmuchlessso.It3alongtimetoseethefinalresults,andmostkidshadlittlepatienceforit.1.A.fail B.pass C.take D.catch2.A.planted B.sold C.collected D.bought3.A.spent B.cost C.paid D.took4.A.putup B.caredfor C.foundout D.thrownaway5.A.suggested B.imagined C.forgot D.finished6.A.putout B.pickedout C.pointedout D.tookout7.A.asked B.fought C.hoped D.served随堂练习

ButforWilliam,itisno