罗兰·巴特符号学视域下传统手工技艺类非遗纪录片研究VIP

罗兰·巴特符号学视域下传统手工技艺类非遗纪录片研究摘要：

本文从罗兰·巴特的符号学角度考察传统手工技艺类非遗纪录片的研究，探讨符号学对于非遗文化研究的价值与意义。首先，介绍了非遗文化的基本概念和特点，分析传统手工技艺类非遗纪录片呈现的符号学特征以及符号学分析工具的运用。其次，选择中国非遗文化中代表性的传统手工技艺类非遗项目，如京剧脸谱彩绘、苏绣、中国结等进行深入研究。通过对这些非遗项目的符号学分析，探讨符号的意义、符号之间的关系以及符号的文化传承作用。最后，提出符号学视域下非遗纪录片的研究应该在深入挖掘符号文化的同时，关注非遗文化的现代传承状况，为非遗文化的保护和传承提供思路和方法。

关键词：罗兰·巴特；符号学；非遗纪录片；手工技艺类非遗；文化传承

Abstract：

Thispaperexaminestraditionalhandicraftsnon-heritagedocumentaryfilmsfromtheperspectiveofRolandBarthes'semioticstoexplorethevalueandsignificanceofsemioticsforthestudyofintangibleculturalheritage.Firstly,thispaperintroducesthebasicconceptandcharacteristicsofintangibleculturalheritage,analyzesthesemioticfeaturespresentedintraditionalhandicraftsnon-heritagedocumentaryfilms,andappliesthetoolsofsemioticanalysis.Secondly,representativetraditionalhandicraftsnon-heritageprojectsinChineseintangibleculturalheritagesuchasBeijingoperafacialmakeuppainting,Suzhouembroidery,Chineseknotsandetc.arestudieddeeply.Throughthesemioticanalysisofthesenon-heritageprojects,themeaningofsymbols,therelationshipbetweensymbols,andtheculturalinheritancefunctionofsymbolsareexplored.Finally,itisproposedthatthestudyofnon-heritagedocumentaryfilmsfromtheperspectiveofsemioticsshouldpayattentiontothemoderninheritancestatusofintangibleculturalheritagewhileexploringthesymbolicculturein-depth,providingideasandmethodsfortheprotectionandinheritanceofintangibleculturalheritage.

Keywords:RolandBarthes;Semiotics;Non-heritagedocumentaryfilm;Traditionalhandicraftnon-heritage;Culturalinheritance。Inrecentyears,therehasbeengrowingconcernabouttheprotectionandinheritanceofintangibleculturalheritage.Asnon-heritagedocumentaryfilmsplayanimportantroleinpromotingculturalheritage,itisessentialtoexploretheirsignificancefromtheperspectiveofsemiotics.Semioticsisabranchoflinguisticsthatstudiesthemeaningofsymbols,signs,andcodes.Itisaneffectivetoolforanalyzingculturalandsocialphenomena,includingnon-heritagedocumentaries.

RolandBarthes,aprominentsemiotician,definedcultureasasystemofsigns,whosemeaningissociallyconstructed.Throughhiswork,hedemonstratedthatmeaningisnotinherent,butconstructedthroughcultureandsocialpractices.Thisideacanbeappliedtotheanalysisofnon-heritagedocumentaryfilms.Byexploringthesymboliccodesinthesefilms,wecangainadeeperunderstandingoftheirculturalsignificanceandthebroadersocialcontextinwhichtheyaresituated.

Traditionalhandicraftnon-heritageisanexcellentexampleofsymboliccultureinnon-heritagedocumentaries.Traditionalhandicraftsareanimportantpartofintangibleculturalheritage,yetsomearenotformallydesignatedassuch.Thesecraftsaretransmittedorallyorthroughapprenticeship,andtheyreflecttheethosandvaluesofaparticularcommunity.Byanalyzingnon-heritagedocumentariesthatfeaturetraditionalhandicrafts,wecanexplorethemeaningbehindthesymbolismofthesecraftsandtheirculturalsignificance.

Furthermore,thestudyofnon-heritagedocumentaryfilmsfromtheperspectiveofsemioticsshouldalsopayattentiontothemoderninheritancestatusofintangibleculturalheritage.Intoday’srapidlychangingworld,manytraditionalcraftsareatriskofdisappearingduetofactorssuchasglobalization,urbanization,andmodernization.Byexploringthesymbolicculturein-depth,wecanidentifythevaluesandbeliefsthatareembeddedwithintraditionalhandicrafts.Thisunderstandingcanprovideideasandmethodsfortheprotectionandinheritanceofintangibleculturalheritage.

Inconclusion,thesignificanceofnon-heritagedocumentaryfilmsfromtheperspectiveofsemioticsliesintheirabilitytoexplorethesymbolicculturein-depthandprovideinsightsintothebroadersocialcontext.Thesefilmscanhelpusgainadeeperunderstandingoftraditionalhandicraftsandtheirculturalsignificancewhilealsoprovidingideasandmethodsfortheirprotectionandinheritanceinthemodernworld。Moreover,non-heritagedocumentaryfilmsalsoplayacrucialroleinraisingawarenessabouttheimportanceofculturalpreservationandpromotingculturaldiversity.Thesefilmscanreachawideaudience,includingthosewhoarenotfamiliarwithordonothaveaccesstotraditionalculturalpractices,therebyexpandingtheirknowledgeandappreciation.

Furthermore,non-heritagedocumentaryfilmscanhelpbridgethegapbetweendifferentgenerationsandcultures.Manytraditionalculturalpracticesarepasseddownthroughgenerations,butasyoungergenerationsbecomeincreasinglydisconnectedfromtheirculturalroots,thereisariskofthesepracticesbeinglost.Non-heritagedocumentaryfilmscancreateabridgebetweengenerationsbydocumentingthesepracticesandmakingthemaccessibletoawideraudience,includingyoungergenerations.

Inaddition,non-heritagedocumentaryfilmscanalsohelppromotesocialjusticeandhumanrightsbysheddinglightonculturalpracticesthatmayhavebeensuppressedormarginalized.Forinstance,sometraditionalhandicraftsareassociatedwithspecificminoritygroupsorcommunitiesandmayhavebeensubjecttodiscriminationorrepression.Bydocumentingandshowcasingthesepractices,non-heritagedocumentaryfilmscanhelppromoteequalityandrespectforculturaldiversity.

Overall,non-heritagedocumentaryfilmsareanessentialtoolforexploringandpreservingthesymboliccultureoftraditionalhandicrafts.Theycanprovideinsightsintothebroadersocialcontextandpromoteculturalpreservationanddiversity.Assuch,itiscrucialthatwecontinuetosupportandpromotenon-heritagedocumentaryfilmmakingasameansofprotectingandpromotingculturalheritage。Non-heritagedocumentaryfilmsarenotlimitedtoexploringandpreservingtraditionalhandicrafts.Theycanalsoshedlightonsocialandpoliticalissues,humanrights,environmentalconcerns,andothertopicsthataffectpeople'slives.Bydocumentingtheexperiencesofindividualsorcommunities,non-heritagedocumentaryfilmscanraiseawarenessandempathyforthosewhofacediscrimination,injustice,ormarginalization.

Forexample,documentariessuchas"13th"(2016)byAvaDuVernayor"IAmNotYourNegro"(2016)byRaoulPeckprovideacriticalexaminationofracismandinequalityinAmerica.Thesefilmsusearchivalfootage,interviews,andanalysistoshowhowthelegacyofslavery,segregation,andmassincarcerationhasshapedthepresent-dayrealityforblackpeopleintheUS.Byhighlightingthesystemicandstructuralnatureofracism,thesedocumentarieschallengeviewerstoconfronttheirownbiasesandassumptionsandtoworktowardsamorejustandequitablesociety.

Similarly,non-heritagedocumentaryfilmscanempowermarginalizedvoicesandamplifytheirstories.Theycanchallengemainstreamnarrativesandofferalternativeperspectivesonhistory,culture,andidentity.Forinstance,"TheActofKilling"(2012)byJoshuaOppenheimerexposesthegenocideinIndonesiain1965throughtheeyesoftheperpetrators.Byinterviewingformerleadersofdeathsquadswhostillholdpoliticalpower,thefilmrevealsthehorrifyingscaleofviolenceandimpunitythatcontinuestohauntthecountry.Bylettingthekillersreenacttheircrimeswithbizarretheatricality,thefilmexposesthedeep-rootedtraumaanddenialthatpermeatesIndonesiansociety.

Non-heritagedocumentaryfilmscanalsoserveasacatalystforsocialchangeandadvocateforhumanrights.Theycaninspireviewerstotakeaction,joinmovements,anddemandaccountabilityfromthoseinpower.Forexample,"TheInvisibleWar"(2012)byKirbyDickdocumentstheepidemicofsexualassaultintheUSmilitaryandexposestheinstitutionalcover-upandvictim-blamingthatperpetuatetheproblem.Bysharingpersonalstoriesofsurvivorsandwhistleblowers,thefilmsparkedanationalconversationandpromptedreformsinmilitarypolicyandculture.

Therefore,non-heritagedocumentaryfilmsplayavitalroleinpromotingequality,socialjustice,andculturaldiversity.Theyofferapowerfulmediumforstorytelling,education,andactivism.Theycanconnectuswithoursharedhumanityandfosterempathy,understanding,anddialogue.Theycanalsochallengeustoconfrontuncomfortabletruths,questionourassumptions,andimagineabetterworld.Assuch,weneedtocontinuetosupportandcelebratenon-heritagedocumentaryfilmmakerswhoarecommittedtousingtheirartasaforceforgood。Non-heritagedocumentaryfilmmakersholdacrucialroleinpromotingequality,socialjustice,andexposingculturaldiversity.Theyempoweraudienceswithapowerfulmediumtolearnaboutthedifferentaspectsofhumanculture,andtheexperiencesthatimpactourlives.Throughtheirwork,theyraiseawarenessaboutimportantissuesandprovideinsightsthathelpustounderstandtheworldbeyondourownexperiences.

Documentaryfilmshavethepotentialtoconnectusandfosterempathybyshowingusthestrugglesandtriumphsofothers.Forexample,throughdocumentaries,peoplecanlearnaboutthestrugglesfacedbyrefugeesfleeingfromwarzonesindifferentpartsoftheworld.Theycanalsolearnaboutthediscriminationthatpeopleofdifferentraces,genders,andsexualorientationsface,andthewaysinwhichtheyadvocatefortheirhumanrights.Throughthesefilms,viewerscanappreciatetheresilienceandstrengthofthehumanspiritinovercomingincredibleadversity.

Furthermore,documentaryfilmsnotonlyhighlighttheinjusticesandinequalitieswithinsocietybutpromptustoquestionourassumptionsandexamineourvalues.Throughdocumentaries,peoplecanlearnaboutissuesthattheymayhavebeenpreviouslyunawareoformayhavebeenmisinformedabout.Forinstance,documentariescaneducatepeopleabouttheimpactofclimatechange,howcorporationsoperateandhowdonatingtocharitycanhaveapositiveimpactonpeople'slives.Theprocessofviewingandengagingwithadocumentaryfilmcanchallengeindividualstolookcriticallyattheirownviewsandvalues,andhelpthemtobemoreopenandempathetictotheexperiencesofothers.

Documentaryfilmmakerswhoproducenon-heritagefilmshaveanimportantroleinamplifyingdiversevoicesthatmayhavebeenunderrepresentedinmainstreammedia.Forexample,femalefilmmakers,filmmakersofcolour,andthosefromeconomicallymarginalizedbackgroundsoftenlackaccesstotheresourcesrequiredtomakeanddistributetheirfilms.Documentariesprovideanavenueforthesevoicestobeheard,andtopromotechangesinsocialattitudesandpracticeswithinsociety.Bysharingthesestories,documentaryfilmmakersgiveustheopportunitytohearfromdifferentperspectivesandultimatelyworktocreateamorejustandequitablesociety.

Inconclusion,non-heritagedocumentariesareavaluableandnecessarytoolforpromotingsocialchange,highlightingunderrepresentedvoices,andfosteringempathywithinsociety.Throughthesefilms,documentaryfilmmakersengagewiththeiraudiencesandcreatemeaningfuldialogue,leadingtoagreaterunderstandingofthediversitywithinthehumanexperience.Wemustcontinuetosupportandcelebratenon-heritagedocumentaryfilmmakerswhoworktirelesslytocreatepositivesocialchangethroughtheirart。Documentarieshavethepowertotranscendculturalandgeographicboundariesandprovideviewerswithaglimpseintolivesandexperiencesdifferentfromtheirown.Theyhelptoraiseawarenessofissuesthatmaynotreceiveadequateattentionfrommainstreammediaandprovideaplatformforunderrepresentedvoicestobeheard.Thisisparticularlyimportantinaworldwherenewsandentertainmentmediaaredominatedbycommercialinterestsandsensationalheadlines.

Forexample,documentarieshaveplayedacrucialroleinhighlightingtheexperiencesofmarginalizedcommunitiessuchasLGBTQ+individuals,peoplelivingwithdisabilities,andethnicandreligiousminorities.Theychallengestereotypesandbringattentiontoimportantsocialissuessuchasdiscrimination,inequality,andinjustice.Throughthesefilms,wecanlearnaboutthestrugglesfacedbythesecommunitiesandthewaysinwhichtheyareworkingtowardschange.

Documentariescanalsoserveasacalltoaction,inspiringviewerstotakeactionandmakeadifferenceintheircommunities.Forexample,thedocumentary"HowtoSurviveaPlague"chronicledtheactivismoftheAIDSCoalitiontoUnleashPower(ACTUP)inthe1980sand1990s.ThefilmshedlightontheinjusticesfacedbypeoplelivingwithAIDSandthewaysinwhichtheyfoughtbackagainstdiscriminationandstigma.Thedocumentarygalvanizedviewerstotakeaction,leadingtoincreasedsupportforHIV/AIDSresearchandadvocacy.

Moreover,documentariesprovidevaluableinsightsintothelivesandexperiencesofindividualslivingindifferentpartsoftheworld.Theycanhelpusunderstandthecultural,economic,andsocialfactorsthatshapethelivesofpeoplefromdifferentbackgrounds.This,inturn,canfosterempathyandunderstanding,helpingtobridgethedividesthatseparateus.

Oneofthestrengthsofdocumentariesistheirabilitytoprovideanuancedperspectiveoncomplexissues.Unlikenewsmedia,whichoftenfocusonthesensationalandthedramatic,documentariesallowforadeeperexplorationofissuesandthemes.Theyoftenfeaturelong-forminterviews,personalstories,andhistoricalcontext,allowingviewerstogainadeeperunderstandingoftheissuesbeingpresented.

Despitetheimportantrolethatdocumentariesplayinpromotingsocialchange,manyindependentfilmmakersstruggletomakealivingfromtheirwork.Thelackoffundingforindependentfilmproductionmeansthatmanyimportantstoriesgountold,andmanytalentedfilmmakersareforcedtoworkinotherprofessions.Thisisalossnotonlytothefilmindustrybuttosocietyasawhole.

Inconclusion,documentariesareacrucialtoolforpromotingsocialchange,highlightingunderrepresentedvoices,andfosteringempathywithinsociety.Theyhavethepowertoeducate,inspire,andgalvanizeviewers,andareanimportantformofartisticexpression.Itisourresponsibilityasasocietytosupportandcelebratetheworkofnon-heritagedocumentaryfilmmakers,andtoworktowardscreatingaworldinwhichtheirstoriescanbeheard。Additionally,documentariescanserveasameansofpreservinghistoryandculture.Theyprovideawindowintothepastandallowfuturegenerationstolearnaboutimportanteventsandfiguresthathaveshapedourworld.Documentariescanalsoshedlightontraditions