2016年职称英语理工B类

第1部分：词汇选项（第1—15题，每题1分，共15分）

下面每个句子中均有1个词或者短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1

个意义最为接近的选项。

1.Therevelationofhispastledtohisresignation.

A.imaginationB.disclosure

C.confirmationD.recall

答案为B.revelation（揭露）-disclosure（揭露）

2.Jensenisadangerousman,andcanbeverybrutal.

A.carelessB.cruel

C.strongD.hard

答案为B.brutal（残忍的）-cruel

3.Yourllhavetosprintifyouwanttocatchthetrain.

A.jumpB.escape

C.runD.prepare

答案为C.sprint（快速奔跑）-run（奔跑）

4.Weareworriedaboutthisfluidsituationfullwithuncertainty.

A.changeableB.stable

C.suitableD.adaptable

答案为A.fluid（不稳定的）-changeable（易变的）

5.Thenewgarmentfitsherperfectly.

A.haircutB.purse

C.clothesD.necklace

答案为C.garment（衣服）-clothes（衣服）

6.Thephobiamayhaveitsrootinachildhoodtrauma.

A.fearB.joy

C.hurtD.memory

答案为C.trauma（精神上的创伤）-hurt（感情上的伤心或痛苦）

7.Theyhavetobuildcanalstoirrigatethedesert.

A.decorateB.water

C.changeD.visit

答案为B.irrigate（灌溉）-water（给…浇水）

8.Heroveralllanguageproficiencyremainsthatofatoddler.

A.disabledB.pupil

C.teenagerD.baby

答案为D.toddler（学步的儿童）-baby（婴儿）

9.Thecoastalareahasverymildwinter,butthecentralplains

remainextremelycold.

A.warmB.severe

C.hardD.dry

答案为A.mild（温暖的）-warm（温暖的）

10.Thedetailsofthecostumeweretotallyauthentic.

A.realB.outstanding

C.creativeD.false

答案为A.authentic（逼真的）-real（逼真的）

11.Weareawareofthepotentialproblems.

A.globalB.possible

C.ongoingD.central

答案为B.potential（可能的）-possible（可能的）

12.Theideawasquitebrilliant.

A.positiveB.clever

C.keyD.original

答案为B.brilliant（绝妙的）-clever（聪明的）

13.Stockmarketpricetumbledafterrumorofariseininterestrate.

A.regulatedB.increased

C.maintainedD.fell

答案为C.tumbled（暴跌）-fell（下降）

14.Thecoursegivesyoubasicinstructionsincarmaintenance.

A.coachingB.idea

C.termD.aspect

答案为A.instructions（指导说明）一coaching（教导）

15.Allhouseswithin100metresoftheseasatriskofflooding.

A.indangerB.outofcontrol

C.betweenequalsD.inparticular

答案为Aindangerof（处于危险中）一atriskof（处于风险中）

第2部分：阅读判断（第16―22题，每题1分，共7分）

下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断;如

果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A;如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B;如

果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。

TheTheoryofEverything

IfStephenHawkinglivesuntiltheyear2017,hewillhavelivedmore

than50yearslongerthanNsdoctorsexpected.Whenhewasacollege

student,doctorsdiscoveredthathehadararedisease.Thisdisease

causesagradualdisintegration（分解）ofthenervecellsinthebraincells

thatregulatevoluntarymuscleactivity.Deathalmostalways

occurswithintwoorthreeyears.

TodayStephenHawkingcannotwalkorspeak.Hecannotmovehis

armsorhishead.Hecannottasteofsmellanything.Andyetthismanis

ProfessorofMathematicsatCambridgeUniversity,apositionheldbythe

famousscientistIsaacNewtonin1669.

HawkingIsoftendescribedasthegreatestscientistsinceAlbert

Einstein,buttotheworldoutsidescience.Heisalsoknownastheman

whomadescientifictheoryunderstandable.Hisbook,ABriefHistoryof

Time,hassoldovereightmillioncopies.

Hesaysthatsincehedoesnothavetothinkabouthisbodyordoany

ofthethingsothermenhavetoworryabout,suchaswashingthecaror

workingintheyard,hecandedicateallofhistimetothinking.Thisputs

himintheperfectpositiontofindtheanswertothequestionthathehas

dedicatedhislifeto.Hisquestionis:Isthereacompletetheoryofthe

universeandeverythinginit?

Despitehistremendousphysicaldisabilities,hehasalreadymade

someveryimportantdiscoveriesabouttheoriginoftheuniverse,how

theuniverseholdstogether,andhowitwillprobablyend.Hehasalso

beenabletoexplainthesecretsof“blackholes"inspace.Nowheis

lookingforasetofrulesthateverythinginouruniversemustobey.He

callsittheTheoryofEverything.Hethinksthatsomeonewillhavefound

theanswerwithinthenext20years.

IfStephenHawkingitabletofindhisTheoryofEverything,hewill

havegiventheworldtheopportunitytounderstandthingsthatwill

changethewholenatureofscienceandprobablyalsothewaywelive.

16.StephenHawkingwillbe50yearsoldby2017.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

答案为B;

17.StephenHawkingsuffersfromararebraindisease.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

答案为B;

18.StephenHawkingisProfessorofMathematicsatCambridge

University.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

答案为A;

19.ABriefHistoryofTimeisverydifficultforstudentstounderstand.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

答案为B;

20.StephenHawkinghasmuchtimetothinkbecausehedoesn't

havetowork.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

答案为B;

21.StephenHawkinghasspentaroundtenyearsexplainingthe

secretsof..........

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

答案为：C.

22...TheTheoryofEverythingIsabouttherulesthateverythingin

ourfollow.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

答案为

Ao

第3部分：概括大意与完成句子

Geothermal（地热）Energy

1Sinceheatnaturallymovesfromhotterregionstocoolerones,the

heatfromtheearth'scenterflowsoutwardstowardsthesurface.Inthis

way.ittransferstothenextlayerofrock.Ifthetemperatureishigh

enough,someofthisrockmeltsandformsmagma（岩浆）.Themagma

ascendsinitsturntowardstheearth'ssurface.Itoftenremainswen

belowtheearthssurface,creatingvastareasofhotrock.Insuchregions,

therearedeepcracks,whichallowrainwatertodescendunderground.

Someoftheheatedrainwatertravelsbackuptotheearth'ssurfacewhere

itwillappearasahotspring.However,ifthisascendinghotwaterreaches

alayerofimpermeable（不可渗透的）rock,itremainstrapped,forminga

geothermalreservoir.Ifgeothermalreservoirsarecloseenoughtothe

surface,theycanbereachedbydrillingwells.Hotwaterandsteamshoot

upthewellsnaturally,andcanbeusedtoproduceelectricity

ingeothermalpowerplants.

2Afewgeothermalpowerplantsdependondry-steamreservoirs

whichproducesteambutlittleornowater.Inthesecases,thesteamis

pipedupdirectlytoprovidethepowertospinaturbinegenerator.The

firstgeothermalpowerplant,constructedatLardarelloinItaly,wasofthis

type,andisstillproducingelectricitytoday.

3Mostcurrentlyoperatinggeothermalpowerplantsareeither

"flash"steamplantsorbinary（双重的）plants.Flashplantsproduce

mainlyhotwaterrangingintemperaturefrom300℃to700℃

Fahrenheit.Thiswaterispassedthroughoneortwoseparatorswhere

releasedfromthepressureoftheundergroundreservoir,itHashes"or

boilsintosteamAgain,theforceofthissteamprovidestheenergyto

spintheturbineandproduceelectricity.Thegeothermalwaterandsteam

arethenreinjecteddirectlybackdownintotheearthtomaintainthe

volumeandpressureofthereservoir.Graduallytheywillbereheatedand

canthenbeusedagain.

4Areservoirwithtemperaturesbelow300℃Fahrenheitisnothot

enoughtoflashseambutitcanstillbeusedtogenerateelectricityina

binaryfluid.Thesteamfromthis（参照图片）isusedtopowertheturbines.

Asintheflashsteamplant,thegeothermalwaterisrecycledbackintothe

reservoir.

23.Paragraph1C

24.Paragraph2A

25.Paragraph3E

26.Paragraph4B

A.Drysteamplants

B.Binaryplants

C.Originofgeothermalenergy

D.Generationofelectricity

E.Flashsteamplants

F.Recyclablewaterandsteam

27.Ageothermalreservoirisformedwhenhotwateristrapped

under_B.

28.Adry-steamreservoirproducessteamwith_D_.

29.Flashplantsproducehotwaterthrough_C_.

30.Inabinaryplant,theheatofthegeothermalwatercanbe

convertedinto_A.

A.theenergytoturnaturbine

B.impermeablerock

C.oneortwoseparators

D.turbineoperator

E.littleornowater

F.hotsprings

第4部分：阅读理解（第31-45题，每题3分，共45分）

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1

个最佳选项。

币第一篇m

SmartWindows

Windowsnotonlyletlightintocutdownonelectricityusefor

lighting,butthelightcomingthroughthewindowalsoprovidesheat.

However,windowsarenotsomethingpeopletypicallyassociatewithan

advancedtechnology.Reseachersarenowworkingonnewtechnologies

thatenableawindowtoquicklychangefromcleartodarkandanything

inbetweeneasily.

"Ittookusalongtimetofigureoutwhatawindowreallyis,“says

ClaesGranqvist.He'saprofessorofsolid-statephysicsatUppsala

UniversityinSweden."Itcontactwiththeoutsideworld.Youhaveto

havevisualcontactwiththesurroundingworldtofeelwell.,,So,windows

andnaturallightareimportantforimprovingthewaypeoplefeel

whenthey7restuckindoors

Yet.windowsaretheweaklinkinabuildingwhenitcomestoenergy

andtemperaturecontrol.Inwintercoldairleaksin.Whenit'shotand

sunny,sunlightstreamsin.Allofthissunlightcarrieslotsofheatand

energy.Andallofthisextraheatforcespeopletoturnontheir

conditioners.Producingblastsofcoldair,whichcanfeelsorefreshing（使

人清新的），actuallysucksupenormousamountsofelectricityinbuildings

aroundtheworld.

Windowshavebeenamajorfocusofenergyresearchforalongtime.

Overtheyears,scientistshavecomeupwithavarietyofstrategiesfor

coating,glazing（用玻覆盖）,andlayeringwindowstomakethemmore

energyefficient.Smartwindowsgoastepfurther.Theyusechromogenic

（发色的）technologieswhichinvolvechangesofcolor.

Electrochromic（电致色的）windowsuseelectricitytochangecolor.For

example,asheetofglasscoatedwiththinlayersofchemicalcompound

suchastungstenoxide（氧化铝）worksabitlikeabatter.Tungstenoxides

isclearwhenanelectricchargeisappliedanddarkwhenthechargeis

removed,thatis,whentheamountofvoltage（电压）isdecreased,the

windowdarkensuntilit'scompletelydarkafterallelectricityistaken

away.Soapplyingavoltagedetermineswhetherthewindowlooksclear

ordark.

Oneimportantfeaturethatmakesasmartwindowsosmartisthatit

hasasortof“memory”.Allittakesisasmallchangeofvoltagetoturnthe

windowfromonestatetotheother.Then,itstaysthatway.Transitstake

anywherefrominlOsecondstoafewminutes,dependingonthesizeof

thewindow.Thedevelopmentofsmartwindowscouldmean

thatmassiveairconditioningsystemsmaynolongerbeneeded."In

thefuture,“Granqvistsays,“ourbuildingsmaylookdifferent/1

31.WhichofthefollowingofvaluesofwindowsisNOTmentioned?

A.Theyletlightintobrightenthehouse.

B.Theyletlightintoheatthehouse.

C.Theyletushavevisualcontactwiththesurroundingworld.

D.Theyletusthinkabouttheoutsideworld.

答案：D

32.Theexpression“whenitcomesto"inParagraph3isusedto

A.signalthearrivalofaguest.

B.indicatetherecoveryofconsciousness.

C.showourunderstandingofsomething.

D.introduceanewaspectofatopic.

答案：D

33.AccordingtoParagraph4,smartwindowsarethewindowsthat

A.arecoated.

B.areglazed.

C.haveseverallayers.

D.canchangecolor.

答案：D

34.Whichparagraphgivesanaccountofthewayelectrochromic

windows......

A.Paragraphs5.

B.Paragraphs.

C.Paragraph4.

D.Paragraphs6.

线空,A

35.Asmartwindowissmartmainlybecause

A.itcanchangeitssize.

B.itcanchangeitsstructure.

C.itcanchangethevoltageofelectricity.

D.ithasasortofmemory.

答案：D

弟—m

SportsStarYaoMing

IfYaoMingisnotthebiggestsportsstarintheworld,healmost

certainlythetallest.At2.26m,heisthetallestplayerintheNational

BasketballAssociation(NBA)andholdstherecordasthemosttowering

OlympianevertocompeteintheGame.

Butwhatreallystandsoutaboutthegiantcenterishiscelebrity(名

气).Few,ifany,Chineseathletesareaswell-knownasYaoMingaround

theworld.PeopleacrosstheglobearefascinatedwithYao,notonlyfor

hisbasketballprowess（接杰出的才能）butalsoforbeingasymbolof

internationalcommerce.

WhenYaojoinedtheHoustonRocketsastheNo.1pickinthe2002

NBAdrafthewasthefirstinternationalplayerevertobeselectedfirst.His

assetsonthecourtareclearenough-noNBAplayerofhissizehasever

possessedhismobility,soheisahandful（难对付的人）foropponentson

eitherendofthecourt.ButwhatmakesYaoinvaluabletotheRockets

organizationishisroleasaglobalcitizenandasabridgetomillionsof

potentialbasketballfansinChina.

WhenitwasannouncedinFebruarythatYaowouldmisstherestof

theNBAseasonandpossiblytheOlympicswithastressfracture（骨折）in

hisleftfoot,acollectiveshudderspreadacrossChina.Afterconsiderable

debateanddiscussion,Yaooptedtogethisfootsurgicallytreatedinan

operationthatplacedseveraltinyscrewsacrossthebone,toofferhis

overburdenedfootmoresupport.Thesurgerywasasuccess,and

thoughtheestimatedfour-monthrecoveryperiodwillleavehimlittle

timetopreparewithTeamChina.Yaohasvowedtobereadyforthe

BeijingOlympics.

Yaowrappedupa10-daytriptoChina,whereheunderwentaseries

oftraditionalChinesemedicine（TCM）treatments,hopingtoaccelerate

hisrecoveryprocess.WesternexpertsaregenerallyskepticalofTCM's

benefits,althoughnewresearchfromtheUniversityofRochester

suggeststhatacertaincompoundderivedfromshellfishmayindeed

stimulatebonerepair.

"ThereisnoreasontodismissTCM,"Yaotoldapressconferencein

Beijing."It'sbeenusedinourcountryforthousandsofyears.Idon't

thinkthatit'sshortonscience/1

36.Theword"towering"inParagraph1means

A.large.

B.fat.

C.tall.

D.great.

答案：C

37.OpponentsfinditverydifficulttocontrolYaoMingbecauseofhis

A.mobility.

B.assault.

C.defense.

D.celebrity.

答案：A

38.YaoMinghadtoundergoaseriesofTCMtreatmentsbecause

A.hisrightfoothadbeenhurting.

B.hewantedtomakeamorerapidrecovery.

C.thesurgicaloperationhadbeenafailure.

D.hecouldn'taffordallthemedicalexpenses.

答案：B

39.WhichstatementaboutYaoMingisNOTtrue?

A.HemissedtheAthensOlympics.

B.HeisanNBAplayer.

C.Hefracturedhisleftfoot.

D.Heisaninternationalfigure.

答案：A

40.Ingeneral,theWesternexperts'attitudetowardsTCMis

A.indifferent.

B.positive.

C.negative.

D.doubtful.

答案：D

A第-A~二—篇

CanYouHearThis?

Whensomethingcreatesasoundwaveinaroomoranauditorium,

listenershearthesoundwavedirectlyfromthesource.Theyalsohearthe

reflectionsasthesoundbouncesoffthewalls.floor,andceiling.These

arecalledthereflectedwaveorreverberant（反射）sound,whichcanbe

heardevenafterthesoundisnolongercomingfromthesource.

Thereverberationtimeofanauditoriumisdeterminedbythevolume

orinteriorsizeoftheauditorium.Itisalsodeterminedbyhowwellor

howpoorlythewalls,ceiling,floor,andcontentsoftheroom（including

thepeople）absorbsound.Thereisnoidealreverberationtime,because

eachuseofanauditoriumcallsfordifferentreverberation.Speechneeds

tobeunderstoodclearly;thereforeroomsusedfortalkingmusthave

ashortreverberationtime.Thefull-soundperformanceofmusicsuchad

WagneroperasorMahlersymphoniesshouldhavealongreverberation

time.Thelight,rapidmusicalpassagesofBachorMozartneeda

reverberationtimesomewherebetween.

Acousticproblemsoftenarecausedbypoorauditoriumdesign.

Smooth,curvedreflectingsurfacescreatelargereflections.Parallel（平彳亍

的）wallsreflectsoundbackandforth,creatingarapid,repetitivepulsing

effect.Largepillars（柱）andcomerscancauseacousticshadowsasthe

soundwavestrytopassaroundtheobject.Someoftheseproblemscan

besolvedbyusingabsorbersandreflectorstochangethereverberation

timeofaroom.Forexample,hanginglargereflectors,calledclouds,over

theperformerswillallowsomesoundfrequenciestoreflectandothersto

passtoachieveapleasingmixtureofsound.

41Thispassageismainlyabout

A.Soundwavesandtheireffects.

B.thetypesofmusicorchestrasplay.

C.wallsofanauditorium.

D.thedesignofanauditorium.

答案：D

42.WagneroperasandMahlersymphonieswithfull-soundeffect

have

A.ashortreverberationtime.

B.anintermediatereverberationtime.

C.noreverberationtime.

D.alongreverberationtime.

答案：D

43.Thispassagesuggeststhatagoodauditoriumshould

A.getridofallreflections.

B.nothaveabsorbers.

C.achieveapleasingmixtureofsound

D.havesmoothsurfaces.

答案：C

44.Largepillarsandcornersmay

A.makesoundrichandfull.

B.becuresforsoundproblems.

C.besourcesofsoundproblems.

D.functionaseffectivelyasclouds.

答案：C

45.Theword"acoustic"inthelastparagraphhassomethingtodo

with

A.performance

B.sound

C.audience

D.weather

答案：B

第5部分：补全短文

WhatIsaDream?

Forcenturies,peoplehavewonderedaboutthestrangethingsthat

theydreamabout.Somepsychologistssaythatthisnighttimeactivityof

themindhasnospecialmeaning.Others,however,thinkthatdreams

areanimportantpartofourlives.Infact,manyexpertsbelievethat

dreamscantellusaboutaperson'smindandemotions.

Beforemoderntimes,manypeoplethoughtthatdreamscontained

messagesfromGod._E(46)

TheAustrianpsychologist,SigmundFreudl,wasprobablythefirst

persontostudydreamsscientifically.Inhisfamousbook,The

interpretationofDreams(1900),Freudwrotethatdreamsare

anexpressionofaperson'swishes.Hebelievedthatdreamsallow

peopletoexpressthefeelings,thoughts,andfearsthattheyareafraidto

expressinreallife.

TheSwisspsychiatristCarlJung2wasonceastudentofFreud's.Jung,

however,hadadifferentideaaboutdreams.Jungbelievedthatthe

purposeofadreamwastocommunicateamessagetothedreamer.

F(47)Forexample,peoplewhodreamaboutfallingmaylearn

thattheyhavetoohighanopinionofthemselves.Ontheotherhand,

peoplewhodreamaboutbeingheroesmaylearnthattheythinktoolittle

ofthemselves.

Modern-daypsychologistscontinuetodeveloptheoriesabout

dreams.Forexample,psychologistWilliamDomhofffromthellniversity

ofCalifornia,SantaCruz,believesthatdreamsaretightlylinkedtoa

person'sdailylife,thoughts,andbehavior.C(48)

Domhoffbelievesthatthereisaconnectionbetweendreamsand

age.Hisresearchshowsthatchildrendonotdreamasmuchasadults.

AccordingtoDomhoff,dreamingisamentalskillthatneedstime

todevelop.

Hehasalsofoundalinkbetweendreamsandgender.Hisstudies

showthatthedreamsofmenandwomenaredifferent.

A(49)Thisisnottrueofwomen,sdreams.3Domhofffound

thisgenderdifferenceinthedreamsofpeoplefrom11culturesaround

theworld,includingbothmodernandtraditionalones.

Candreamshelpusunderstandourselves?Psychologistscontinueto

trytoanswerthisquestionindifferentways.D(50)Thedream

mayhavemeaning,butitdoesnotmeanthatsometerribleevent

willactuallytakeplace.Ifsimportanttorememberthattheworldof

dreamsisnottherealworld.

A.Forexample,thepeopleinmen'sdreamsareoftenothermen.and

thedreamsofteninvolvefighting.

B.Menandwomendreamaboutdifferentthings.

C.Acriminal,forexample,mightdreamaboutcrime.

D.However,onethingtheyagreeonthis:Ifyoudreamthat

somethingterribleisgoingtooccur,youshouldn'tpanic.

E.Itwasonlyinthetwentiethcenturythatpeoplestartedtostudy

dreamsinascientificway.

F.Hethoughtpeoplecouldleammoreaboutthemselvesbythinking

abouttheirdreams.

第6部分：完形填空

WarmerClimateWillBakeTropicalBugs

Globalwarmingcouldcooktropicalinsects,withunpredictable

knock-oneffects,sayresearcherswhowarnthatrisingtemperatures

also(51)tropicalfrogs,lizards(蜥蜴).

Temperaturesare(52)toincreasemuchfasterintemperate(温

和的)andpolar(极地的)regio