备战2021届高考英语二轮专题复习常考话题“三合一”题型02(典题)健康生活

话题02健康生活班级____________学号____________姓名____________得分____________（时间:55分钟分值：71分）序号内容题型阅读理解完形填空书面表达数量（篇）21101典题集训Part1阅读理解Passage1AndreaYochlovesheradultsons,butwouldalsolovenottolivewiththem.Thisisespeciallytrueinthe2,200-square-footrentalinSt.Paul,wheresheandherhusbandmovedaftertheboyslefttheirchildhoodhome(a5,000-square-footpropertywithapool).ButnowBen,20,andRyan,23arecrammedwiththeirparentsinahousewhereamovieplayinginoneroomcanbeheardinalmostanyother.AfterhersonsshowedupduetothelockdownaftertheCoronaviruscrisisstruck—BenfromBoston,whereheisacollegestudent,andRyanfromNewYork,wherehewasstartingoutasanassistantadvertisingaccountexecutive—Ms.Yochrushedtosetuptemporaryofficesinabedroomandabasementthatnowalsofunctionsasasupercrowdedgym.“Iwouldgiveanythingforthemtorestarttheirlives,”shesaid.Asthepandemiccontinues,WallStreetbankers,Uberdrivers,academics,artistsandmanyotheradultshavegivenuptheirindependentlivesandmigratedhome.Somefledheavilypopulatedcitiesfortheruralsuburbanhouseswheretheygrewupandforthepromiseofhome-cookedmealsandfreelaundry.Othersendedupindownsizedspacesdesignedforemptynestersorinapartmentsalreadysharedwithotherfamilymembers,suchasgrandparentsorteenagesiblings.Parentscaughtbytheincreaseoflayoffsandcanceledcontractsfoundthemselvesfeedinggrownchildrenwhowereinthesameposition.Motherswhohadgrownaccustomedtofreedomweresuddenlyexpectedtogobacktocookingandcleaning.“Someparentsseethisasawelcomesurprise,butitcanalsoaddalotoffinancialstress,”saidLindseyPiegza,chiefeconomistattheinvestmentbankStifel.“Youcan’tassumethatparentsarenecessarilyinabetter-offpositionthantheiradultchildren:alotofAmericanslivepaychecktopaycheckanddon’thaveenoughsavingstoaccommodateextrapeoplelivingintheirhouseholds.”16．WhichwordbestdescribesMs.Yoch’slifewithhertwosons?A．Inconvenient.C．Disappointing.B．Satisfying.D．Exciting.17．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“emptynesters”inParagraph3referto?A．Peoplewithoutjobs.B．Grown-upswithnohouses.C．Childrenstayingabroad.D．Parentswithnochildrenaround.18．Accordingtothetext,whyaresomeparentsunwillingtowelcometheirchildrenbackhome?A．Becausetheyaretoobusytotakecareofthem.B．Becausetheywanttheirkidstobeindependent.C．Becausetheyareinnobetterfinancialsituation.D．Becausetheyhavealreadysoldorrentedouttheirhouses.19．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．Thegenerationgapbetweenparentsandtheirchildren.B．Theproblemscausedbytwogenerationslivingtogether.C．Theparents’lifebeingaffectedbychildreninthelockdown.D．TheeconomiccrisisbroughtaboutbythedeadlyCoronavirus.Passage2We’veknownthatsittingforlongperiodsoftimeeverydayhascountlesshealthconsequences,likeahigherriskofheartdisease.Butnowanewstudyhasfoundthatsittingisalsobadforyourbrain.Astudypublishedlastweek,conductedbyDr.PrabhaSiddarthattheUniversityofCalifornia,showedthatsedentary(久坐的)behaviorisassociatedwithreducedthicknessofthemedialtemporallobe,abrainareathatiscriticaltolearningandmemory.Theresearchersaskedagroupof35healthypeople,ages45to70,abouttheiractivitylevelsandtheaveragenumberofhourseachdayspentsittingandthenscannedtheirbrains.Theyfoundthatthesubjectswhoreportedsittingforlongerperiodshadthethinnestmedialtemporallobes.Itmeansthatthemoretimeyouspendinachair,theworseitisforyourbrainhealth,resultinginpossibledamagetolearningandmemory.Whatisalsointerestingisthatthisstudydidnotfindasignificantassociationbetweenthelevelofphysicalactivityandthicknessofthisbrainarea,suggestingthatexercise,evensevereexercise,maynotbeenoughtoprotectyoufromtheharmfuleffectsofsitting.Itthensurprisinglyturnedoutthatyoudon’tevenhavetomovemuchtoimprovecognition;juststandingwilldothetrick.Forexample,twogroupsofsubjectswereaskedtocompleteatestwhileeithersittingorstanding.Participantsarepresentedwithconflictingstimuli,liketheword“green”inblueink,andaskedtonamethecolor.Subjectsthinkingontheirfeetbeatthosewhosatbya32-millisecondmargin.Thecognitiveeffectsofseverephysicalexercisearewellknown.Butthepossibilitythatstandingmoreandsittinglessimprovesbrainhealthcouldlowerthebarforeveryone.Iknow,thisallrunscountertoreceivedideasaboutdeepthought,fromourgradeschoolteachers,whotoldustositdownandfocus,toRodin’sfamous“Thinker,”sittingwithchinonhand.Theywerewrong.Youcannowallstandup.20．WhatcanweinferfromParagraphs3and4?A．Severeexercisecanlessenthedamageofsitting.B．Severeexercisecangreatlyimproveourbrainhealth.C．Sedentarybehaviorwillpossiblydamageourbrain.D．Brainhealthhasnothingtodowithsedentarybehavior.21．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“margin”inParagraph5mean?A．Blank.B．Edge.C．Increase.D．Difference.22．Whatisthereceivedideaaboutdeepthought?A．Sittingmoreisgoodforourmentalhealth.B．Sittingisbetterwhenwethink.C．Thinkingmorecanimproveourcognition.D．Weshouldstandwhilethinking.23．Whatdoesthetextmainlytellsus?A．Peopletendtositwhilethinking.B．Standingmorecanmakeourbrainhealthier.C．Physicalexercisecanimproveourbrainhealth.D．Sedentarybehaviorleadstocountlesshealthproblems.Part2完形填空Twoyearsago,KiahTwisselmanwasworkingfortheKentuckyBeefCouncil,whenshereachedtheweightof285pounds.Kiahwasresponsiblefortheirnutritionprogram,whichmeant1thehealthbenefitsofbeefanditwasn’tsittingwellwithher.Shehadtostandupinfrontofagroupregistered2,agroupofinfluencers,andtellthemaboutthenutritionalbenefitsofbeef,anditmadeherso3.Whileonaflighttoaworkconference,KiahreadabookbymotivationalspeakerRachelHollis.“Thatbookwaskindofmy4calltomethatifyouwanttochangeyourlife,itis100percentinyour5andnobodyelse’s,”saidKiah.HollisonsocialmediaanddecidedtotryherFiveToThriveplan,whichthemeverydayfor90days.9,begandailyjournaling,drankwateraccordingtotheinstructionandatehealthily.Injustafewmonths,shelost25pounds,whichwhenshehitaplateau(停滞期).Shesetanewgoal:tolose100pounds.thingsup,Kiahstartedtryingoutharderworkoutvideos.Unlikepreviouslyblaming13.“WhenIfailed,IwasmorewillingtoShestarted67hertoadoptfivesimplehabitsandcommitto8Kiahstartedwakingupearlier,10hertokeepgoing,11To12herselfforherfailure,thistime,shestartedfromaplaceof14myselfandsay,‘WhatcanIlearnfromthis?’”Overthenextyear,Kiahlost103poundsandthephysicaltransformationwasso15!1．A．believing2．A．nutritionists3．A．unfortunate4．A．business5．A．favorB．improvingB．touristsB．successfulB．wake-upB．dietC．ensuringC．farmersD．advocatingD．partnersC．uncomfortableC．first-aidC．controlD．appealingD．conferenceD．opinion6．A．following7．A．forbade8．A．overcoming9．A．watchedout10．A．forced11．A．thusB．assistingB．qualifiedB．practicingB．dashedoutB．fueledC．blamingC．permittedC．celebratingC．workedoutC．promisedC．merelyD．interviewingD．challengedD．correctingD．spokeoutD．remindedD．evenB．yet12．A．fixB．divideC．switchD．sum13．A．self-criticismB．self-loveC．self-respectC．introduceC．slightD．self-doubtD．forgive14．A．saveB．protect15．A．apparentB．awkwardD．gradualPart3书面表达假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Peter对中医文化很感兴趣,发来邮件向你咨询。请回复邮件。要点：1.简要介绍中医文化；2.推荐央视《中华医药》(TraditionalChineseMedicine)栏目。注意:1.词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3.结束语已为你写好，不计入词中。参考词汇：中医/中医文化：TCM=TraditionalChineseMedicine央视网址：www..DearPeter,_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Bestwishes.Yours,LiHua答案Part1阅读理解Passage1【答案】16．A17．D18．C19．C【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了，冠状病毒爆发后，被隔离的孩子们对家长的生活产生的影响；成年子女因为疫情原因16．推理判断题回到家里和父母居住，在生活上及经济上给父母带来了压力。。由第一段中的“AndreaYochlovesheradultsons,butwouldalsolovenottolivewiththem.”（AndreaYoch爱她的成年儿子，但也不想和他们住在一起。）和“ButnowBen,20,andRyan,23arecrammedwiththeirparentsinahousewhereamovieplayinginoneroomcanbeheardinalmostanyother.”（但是现在，以在其他房间里听到。），可知AndreaYoch不想和儿子们住在一起，他房间里听到，方便。故选A项。17．20岁的本和23岁的瑞安和他们的父母挤在一间屋子里，一个房间里播放的电影几乎可因为看个电视，声音都能在其说明他们的生活很不词句猜测题。由第三段中的“Asthepandemiccontinues,WallStreetbankers,Uberdrivers,academics,artistsandmanyotheradultshavegivenuptheirindependentlivesandmigratedhome.”（随着这一流行病的持续，华尔街银行家、优步司机、学者、艺术家和许多其他成年人都放弃了独立生活，移居家乡。）和“Othersendedupindownsizedspacesdesignedforemptynestersorinapartmentsalreadysharedwithotherfamilymembers,suchasgrandparentsorteenagesiblings.”（其他人最终住进了为emptynesters设计的缩小空间，或是已经与其他家庭成员（如祖父母或十几岁的兄弟姐妹）合住的公寓。），可知很多大城市的年轻人放弃独立生活、返回家乡，住在父母的房子里，说明家乡的房子只有父母居这种房子一般不大，这些孩身边的父母就是空巢老人，故emptynesters在此处意为“Parents”。故选D项。住，子不在withnochildrenaround（孩子不在身边的父母）18．细节理解题。由第四段中的themselvesfeedinggrownchildrenwhowereinthesameposition.”（被裁员和自己在喂养处于同样境地的成年子女。）和最后一段““Someparentsseethisasawelcomesurprise,butitcanalsoaddalotoffinancialstress,”saidLindseyPiegza,chiefeconomistattheinvestmentbankStifel.“Youcan’tassumethatparentsarenecessarilyinabetter-offpositionthan“Parentscaughtbytheincreaseoflayoffsandcanceledcontractsfound取消合同增的父母发现theiradultchildren:alotofAmericanslivepaychecktopaycheckanddon’thaveenoughsavingstoaccommodateextrapeoplelivingintheirhouseholds.””（投资银行Stifel首席经济学家LindseyPiegza说：“一些家长认为这是一个值得欢迎的惊喜，但这也会增加很多经济压力。”。“你不能假设父母的处境必然比成年子好：很多美国人靠薪水过活，没有足够的储蓄来容纳额外的家庭人口。”），可知疫情影响，父母们也面临被裁员和同，靠薪水过活的他们没有足够的储蓄来容纳额外的家庭人口，可得出有些家长不愿意欢迎孩子回家是因为他们的经济状况也不好。故选C项。19．女取消合主旨大意题。第一段用“因为生活不方便，AndreaYoch不想和儿子们住在一起”引出话题，第二段讲“疫情期间，AndreaYoch为儿子们在家设立临时办公室，帮助儿子们重新开始生活”，第三四五段讲“受疫情影响，很多大城市的年轻人返回家乡，和父母一起住，给父母带来了经济压力”，由此可知，本文主要讲由于疫情影响而被居家隔离的孩子们对父母生活所产生的影响，C项“父母的生活受到居家隔离的孩子们的影响。”符合文意。故选C项。Passage2【答案】20．C21．D22．B23．B【分析】这是一篇说明文。我们知道，每天长时间坐着对健康有无数的影响，比如患心脏病的风险更高。但现在一项新研究发现，坐久也对大脑有害。文章主要说明了研究发现站着思考能够使人的大脑更加健康、思维更加敏捷的这一现象，介绍了这一研究过程和研究意义。20．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Itmeansthatthemoretimeyouspendinachairtheworseitisforyourbrainhealth,resultinginpossibledamagetolearningandmemory.(这意味着，你在椅子上坐的时间越久，就越不利于你的大脑健康，可能会导致学习和记忆受损)”以及第四段中“Whatisalsointerestingisthatthisstudydidnotfindasignificantassociationbetweenthelevelofphysicalactivityandthicknessofthisbrainarea,suggestingthatexercise,evensevereexercise,maynotbeenoughtoprotectyoufromtheharmfuleffectsofsitting.(有趣的是，这项研究没有发现身体活动水平和大脑区域厚度之间有显著的关联，这表明运动，甚至是剧烈运动，可能不足以保护你免受坐姿的有害影响)”可推知，坐久的行为可能会损害我们的大脑。故选C。21．词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“Forexample,twogroupsofsubjectswereaskedtocompleteatestwhileeithersittingorstanding.Participantsarepresentedwithconflictingstimuli,liketheword“green”inblueink,andaskedtonamethecolor.(例如，两组受试者被要求在坐着或站着时完成一项测试。受试者看到相互矛盾的刺激物，比如用蓝色墨水写的单词“绿色”，然后被要求说出这种颜色)”以及“Subjectsthinkingontheirfeetbeatthosewhosatbya32-millisecond”可知，站着思考的受试者会以32毫秒的差异击败坐着的受试者，故margin在此处意为“差异”。A.Blank.空白；B.Edge.边缘；C.Increase.增加；D.Difference.差异。故选D。22．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Iknow,thisallrunscountertoreceivedideasaboutdeepthought,fromourgradeschoolteachers,whotoldustositdownandfocus,toRodin’sfamous“Thinker,”sittingwithchinonhand.(我知道，这一切都与我们从小学老师那里得到的关于深思熟虑的想法背道而驰，他们让我们坐下集中注意力，还有罗丹著名的“思想者”，手托下巴坐着)”可知，我们以前接受的关于深思熟虑的想法是坐着思考更好。故选B。23．主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“Butnowanewstudyhasfoundthatsittingisalsobadforyourbrain.(但现在一项新的研究发现，坐着对大脑也有害)”以及第三段最后一句“Itmeansthatthemoretimeyouspendinachairtheworseitisforyourbrainhealth,resultinginpossibledamagetolearningandmemory.(这意味着，你在椅子上坐的时间越久，就越不利于你的大脑健康，可能会导致学习和记忆受损)”结合文章主要说明研了究发现站着思考能够使人的大脑更加健康、思维更加敏捷的这一现象，介绍了这一研究过程和研究意义。可知，文章主要告诉我们多站可以使我们的大脑更健康。故选B。Part2完形填空【答案】1．D2．A3．C4．B5．C6．A7．D8．B9．C10．B11．D12．C13．B14．D15．A【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了，通过自己的努力，KiahTwisselman成功减肥。1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Kiah负责他们的营养计划，这意味着要提倡牛肉对健康的好处，但这对她来说并不合适。A.believing相信；B.improving改善；C.ensuring确保；D.advocating提倡。由上文的“KiahTwisselmanwasworkingfortheKentuckyBeefCouncil”和“Kiahwasresponsiblefortheirnutritionprogram”和下文的“tellthemaboutthenutritionalbenefitsofbeef”可知，Kiah在肯塔基州牛肉委员会工作，负责他们的营养计划，要告诉别人牛肉的营养价值，说明她的工作内容要提倡牛肉对健康的好处。故选D项。2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她不得不站在一群注册的营养学家面前，一群有影响力的人，告诉他们牛肉的营养价值，这让她很不舒服。A.nutritionists营养学家；B.tourists游客；C.farmers农民；D.partners伙伴。由上文语境和下文的“agroupofinfluencers”可知，体重达到285磅的Kiah的工作内容是要在一群有影响力的人的面前提倡牛肉的“一群有影响力的人”指的是在营养领域很专业的营养学家。故选A项。3．营养价值，可推断出此处的考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她不得不站在一群注册的营养学家面前，一群有影响力的人，告诉他们牛肉的营养价值，这让她很不舒服。A.unfortunate不幸的；B.successful成功的；C.uncomfortable不舒服的；D.appealing吸引人的。由上文语境和下文的“itwasn’tsittingwellwithher”可知，体重达到285磅的Kiah的工作内容是要在一群营养学家面前提倡牛肉的营养价值，Kiah本身体重很重，这份工作对她来说并不合适，在营养学家面前谈牛肉的营养价值，这让体重285磅的她很不舒服。故选C项。4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Kiah说：“那本书给我敲响了警钟，如果你想改变你的生活，它百分之百由你掌控，而不是别人的。”A.business商业；B.wake-up唤醒、警钟；C.first-aid急救；D.conference减肥会议。由下文语境可知，Kiah开始了她的之旅，说明RachelHollis的书唤醒了Kiah，给她的生活敲响了警钟，让她行动起来。故选B项。5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Kiah说：“那本书给我敲响了警钟，如果你想改变你的百由你掌控，而不是别人的。”A.favor喜爱、赞同；B.diet饮食；C.control控制；D.opinion观点。由上文的“ifyouwanttochangeyourlife”可知，如果人想改变自己的生活，毫无疑问只能自己改变，自己掌控，与别人无关。故选C项。生活，它百分之这百分之百由6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她开始在社交媒体上关注Hollis，并决定尝试她的“五个茁壮成长”计划，该计划强烈建议她养成五个简单的习惯，实行90天。A.following追随；关注；B.assisting帮助；C.blaming责备；D.interviewing采访。由上文语境和下文的“decidedtotryherFiveToThriveplan”可知，RachelHollis的书唤醒了Kiah，Kiah还要尝试Hollis的“五个茁壮成长”计划，说明Kiah在社交媒体上7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她开始在社交媒体上关注了Hollis。故选A项。关注Hollis，并决定尝试她的“五个茁壮成长”计划，该计划强烈建议她养成五个简单的习惯，实行90天。A.forbade禁止；B.qualified取得资格；C.permitted承认；D.challenged(尤指在对方不情愿时)强烈建议、挑战。由上文的“decidedtotryherFive

ToThriveplan”可知，Kiah要尝试Hollis的“五个茁壮成长”计划，此处讲的是“五个茁壮成长”计划的内容，强烈建议Kiah要养成五个简单的习惯。故选D项。8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她开始在社交媒体上关注Hollis，并决定尝试她的“五个茁壮成长”计划，习惯，实行90天。A.overcoming克服；B.practicing实行、练习；C.celebrating庆祝；D.correcting更正。由下文语境可知，Kiah持续不断地实行了“五个茁壮成长”最终减重。故选B项。该计划强烈建议她养成五个简单的计划，9．考查动词短语辨析。句意：Kiah开始早起，锻炼身体，开始每天写日记，按照指示喝水，吃得健康。A.watchedout小心；B.dashedout冲出去；C.workedout锻炼、健身；D.spokeout直言不讳。由下文的“Kiahstartedtryingoutharderworkoutvideos”可知，Kiah锻炼身体。故选C项。10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在短短几个月内，她减掉了25磅，这刺激她能够继续坚持下去，甚至是在她到达停滞期的时候。A.forced迫使；B.fueled刺激、加强；C.promised承诺；D.reminded提醒。由上文语境和下文的“Shesetanewgoal:tolose100pounds.”可知，Kiah实行了“五个茁壮成长”计划，成功减重25磅，这给了Kiah新的动力，刺激Kiah继续坚持下去，设立更高的目标。故选B项。11．考查副词词义辨析。句意：在短短几个月内，她减掉了25磅，这刺激她能够继续坚持下去，甚至是在她到达停滞期的时候。A.thus那么；B.yet然而；C.merely仅仅；D.even甚至。由上文语境和下文的“Shesetanewgoal:tolose100pounds.”可知，Kiah实行了“五个茁壮成长”25磅，这给了Kiah新的动力，刺激Kiah继续坚持下去，甚至是在她到达停滞期的时候，减重25磅的经历也刺激着她继续坚持下去，用even表强调，说明减重25磅的刺激作用。故选D项。计划，成功减重12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了改变现状，Kiah开始尝试难度更大的训练视频。A.fix修理；B.divide分开；C.switch改变；D.sum概括。由上文语境和下文的“Kiahstartedtryingoutharderworkoutvideos”可知，Kiah训练到达了停滞期，所以为了改变现状，Kiah尝试难度更大的训练视频。故选C项。13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：与之前自责失败不同，这次，她从一个自爱的地方开始。A.self-criticism自我批评；B.self-love自爱；C.self-respect自尊；D.self-doubt自我怀疑。由上文的“Unlikepreviously

blamingherselfforherfailure”可知，Kiah以前因失败自责、不关爱自己，而Unlike表相反的东西，所以这次她选择爱自己、不责备自己了，即从一个自爱的地方开始。故选B项。14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“当我失败的时候，我更愿意原谅自己，说：‘我能从中学到什么？’”A.save拯救；B.protect保护；C.introduce介绍；D.forgive原谅。由上文语境可知，Kiah现在选择爱自己，所以当她失败的时候，她不再责备自己了，而是原谅自己。故选D项。15．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：明显的；B.awkward尴尬的；C.slight轻微的of285pounds”和“Overthenextyear,Kiahlost103pounds”可知，285磅的Kiah减了103磅，这种A项。在接下来的一年里，Kiah减了103磅，身体的变化是如此明显！A.apparent；D.gradual渐渐的。由上文的“whenshereachedtheweight身体的变化是很明显的。故选Part3书面表达【范文】DearPeter,I'msogladtoknowthatyouareinterestedintraditionalChinesemedicine.TraditionalChinesemedicine,whichisanessentialpartofthehealthcaresysteminmostAsiancountries,reliesonnaturalproductsandhasbeenplayingasignificantroleinhealthprotectionanddiseasecontrolforthousandsofyears.Ifyouwouldliketolearnmoreaboutit,IstronglyrecommendyoutowatchTCMbroadcastonCCTV-4weekly，whichintroducestraditionalChinesemedicinecultureandadvocatesahealthyandscientificlifestyle.Youcanfinditonwww..HopefullymyintroductionishelpfultoyourunderstandingoftraditionalChinesemedicine.Pleasedon'thesitatetoletmeknowifyouhaveanyquestion.Bestwishes.Yours,LiHua【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要考求生给对中医文化很感兴趣的英国朋友Peter写一封邮件，简要向他介绍中医文化并推荐中医相关栏目。【详解】第一步：审题体裁：应用文时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时,少量现在完成进行时。结构：总分法总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。要求：1.简