课件细胞生物学考试题合集

二、判断题(正确的标T，错误的标F,或写出必要的答案，共15IndicatewhethereachofthefollowingstatementsistrueoftheG1phaseofthecellcycle,theSphase,theG2phase,ortheMphase.Agivenstatementmaybetrueofany,all,ornoneofthephases.（0.55分）TheamountofnuclearDNAinthecellThenuclearenvelopebreaksintoSisterchromatidsseparatefromeachCellsthatwillneverdivideagainarelikelytobearrestedinthisTheprimarycellwallofantcellChromosomesarepresentasdiffuse,extendedThisphaseispartofMitoticcydinisatitslowestACdkproteinispresentintheAcellcyclecheckpointhasbeenidentifiedinthis同一不同组织的细胞中,核仁的大小和数目都有很大的变化,这种变化和 将同步生长的M期细胞与同步生长的S期细胞融合,除了见到正常的外,还可见到细线状的。( 在有丝后期，通过对周期蛋白的遍在蛋白多聚化，介导周期蛋白被蛋白酶体降解，从而退出M期。( 纤层蛋白A与内核膜相连，核纤层蛋白B和C则与染色质相连。( 在细胞周期中，如果纺锤体装配不正常，则被G2期 同源异型框是一类同源异型表达产物中60个氨基酸的保守序列,它的突可以改变发育的方向。 叶绿体的核酮糖二磷酸羧化酶是由16个亚基组成的聚合体,其中8个大亚基 有丝器中有三种类型的纺锤体微管，其中星微管的可能作用是给核传 在减数过程中,间发生的分子重组是随机发生的。(三、选择题(请将正确答案的代号填入括号，每题1分，共15Ethylalcoholisdetoxifiedintheliver.Youwouldexpectalcoholtohavewhichofthefollowingeffectsonlivercells?（ NuclearGrowthofthesmoothIncreasedGrowthofroughNoneoftheWhichofthefollowingproteinswouldnotbefoundinthesmoothendosmicreticulum?（ Ca2+-pumcytochromeglucose6-signalWhichofthefollowingexinswhymicrosomescan'tbeseenincellsviewedwiththeelectronmicroscope?（ TheyarefartooTheyareartifactsofhomogenizationandTheyaretransparenttoTheyactuallycanbeseeninelectronmicrographsof IfyoucomparedtheproteinsinacisGolgicompartmentwiththoseinatransGolgicompartment,youwouldfind:（ theproteinsinthetwocompartmentsaretheproteinsintheciscompartmentareglycosylatedandcontainmodifiedaminoacids,whereasthoseinthetranscompartmentarenotmodified.theproteinsintheciscompartmentareglycosylated,whereasthoseinthetranscompartmentareglycosylatedandcontainmodifiedaminoacids.theproteinsoftheciscompartmentareshorterthanthoseofthetranscompartment.WhichtypeofvesicleofthetransGolginetworkwouldbemosttocarryhormonesdestinedforregulated lysosomalclathrin-coatednon-clathrin-coatedalloftheIfyoutreatedcellswithadrugthatinterfereswithmicrotubules,suchascolchicine,whichof thefollowingwouldresult?（ CellshapewouldbeMitosisandmeiosiswouldnotTheintracellularlocationoforganelleswouldbeAlloftheabovewouldFirstyoudissolvethemembranefromanintactflagellum,usingthedetergentTritonX-100.NextyousoaktheaxonemeinasolutioncontainingEDTA,whichremovestheMg2+.Whatremainsoftheaxonemeafterthesetreatments?（）peripheraltubulesperipheraltubulesandcentraltubules,butnosidearmsorATPaseactivityperipheraltubules,centraltubules,sidearms,andATPaseperipheraltubules,centraltubules,sidearms,ATPaseactivity,andaMembraneThesarcosmicreticulummusthaveintegralmembraneproteinsthatreleaseandpump bindtotropomyosinandundergoactionWhenchromatinistreatedwithnonspecificnucleases,whatisthelengthofthereultingpiecesofDNA?randomnumbersofbaseabout60baseabout8baseabout200baseWhatdoomeres TheyprotectthechromsomesfromdegradationbyTheypreventtheendsofchromosomesfromfusingwithoneTheyarerequiredforcompletechromosomalalloftheCyclinconcentrationsarehighestduringwhichperiodsofthecell lateG1andearlylateG2andearlylateG1andlatelateMandlateARF是一种单体G蛋白,它有一个GTP/GDP结合位点,当结合有GDP时,没有活性。若ARF-GDP同( )结合,可引起GDP和GTP的交换。 b.GTP酶激活蛋白; )产生 c.不能产生 细胞的生长和分化在本质上是不同的,生长是细胞数量的增加、干重的增加；而细胞分化则是:( b.生理功能发生变化c.生化特征发生变化 d.以上都是正确的真核生物的表达调控发生在四个水平上。通过对DNA的甲基化来关闭 染色质活性水平的调控；b.c.；d.四、简4520HowdoesregulatedsecretiondifferfromconstitutiveDynamicinstabilitycausesmicrotubuleseithertogrowortoshrinkrapidly.Consideranindividualmicro-tubulethatisinitsshrinkingphase.WhatwouldhappenifthesolutioncontainedanogueofGTPthatcannotbehydrolyzed?StatetheconclusionthatcanbedrawnfromthefollowingWhenananimalcellistreatedwithcolchicine,itsmicrotubulesdepolymerizeandvirtuallydisappear.Ifthecolchicineisthenwashedaway,theMTsappearagain,beginningatthecentrosomeandelongatingoutwardatabouttherate(1gm/min)atwhichtubulinpolymerizesinvitro.五、计算与1必做，2、3选一题，每题5分10Inanelectronmicrographofahumanchromosomespread,youobserveathickfiberwithalengthofabout900nmandanapparentdiameterof30nm,whichisexpectedforthesolenoidstructureofcondensedchromatin.Whatisthelengthinbasepairsofthedouble-helicalDNApresentthisfiber?Assume,forsimplicity,thatthereisonehelicalturnofthesolenoidper30nmalongthefiber.OneofthefunctionsofthemitoticCdk(theMPFproteinkinase)istocauseaprecipitousdropincyclinconcentrationhalfwaythroughMphase.Describetheconsequencesofthissuddendecreaseandsuggestpossiblemechanismsbywhichitmightoccur.Aproteinthatinhibitscertainproteolyticenzymes(proteases)isnormallysecretedintothebloodstreambylivercells.Thisinhibitorprotein,antitrypsin,isabsentfromthebloodstreamofpatientswhocarryamutationthatresultsinasingleaminoacidchangeintheprotein.Antitrypsindeficiencylungtissue,becauseoftheuncontrolledactivityitisasactiveasthenormalantitrypsinatinhibitingproteases.Whythendoesthemutationcausethedisease?Thinkofmorethanonepossibilityandsuggestwaysinwhichyoucoulddistinguishbetweenthem.六、比较题（每510分Compareandcontrastthefollowing:cytosmicdyneinvs.kinesin后期A七、综合问答题(任选一题，20八、附加题（每515分Statethec