Grammar 【备课精讲精研 】 八年级英语下册 （牛津深圳版）

英语（牛津版）八年级下册EnglishUnit6PetsGrammar1课堂导入Let’stalkLastsummer,theanimalswereholdingasportingmeetingonasunnyday.

Talkaboutthesportingmeetingaccordingtothepicture.TheelephantandtheparrothappilyTheelephantandtheparrotwereplayingbasketballhappily.snail(蜗牛)run,slowlyThesnailwasrunningveryslowly.tigerjumphighThetigerjumpedveryhigh.Chimpanzee(猩猩),hold,hardThechimpanzeeisholdingtheheavythingshard.SomefrogsswimfastTwofrogswereswimmingveryfastLookandobserve.1.Theelephantandtheparrotwereplayingbasketballhappily.2.Twofrogswereswimmingveryfast.3.Thesnailwasrunningveryslowly.4.Thetigerjumpedveryhigh.5.Thechimpanzeeisholdingtheheavythingshard.副词？构成？位置？Findouttheadv.andwhatdotheyusefor?Theboycanrunquickly.Thegirllooksreallybeautiful.Shesingsverywell.Luckily,thelostgirlwasfound.修饰动词修饰形容词修饰副词修饰整个句子一、副词的定义1.副词是指在句子中表示行为或状态特征的词，用以修饰动词、形容词、副词或修饰整个句子，充当状语成分。修饰动词时，通常放在动词之后；修饰形容词或副词，放在形容词或副词前；修饰整个句子时，通常放在句首或句末。如：Hesings

well.(作状语)Thefoodisreally

good.Hedidvery

wellintheexam.Luckily,hewontherace.TakenotesUsingadverbswithverbs:Wecanuseadverbstotalkabouthowsomethinghappensorisdone.Adogwillloveyoufaithfullyandbringyoulotsofhappinessformanyyears.2课堂活动Thecatissleepingpeacefully.Thegirlistalkingwithhermumhappily.Weusuallyputtheadverb(after/before)themainverbortheobject.WorkouttheruleManyadverbsareformedbyadding-lytoadjectives.AdjectivesChangesExamplesMostadjectives+lyquick→quicklyAdjectivesendingin-yy+ilyeasy→easilyAdjectivesendinginaconsonant+-lee+ysimple→simplyAdjectivesendingin-ll+yfull→fully·hard,fast,lateTheseadverbshavethesameformasadjectives.Heisahardworker.Heworkshard.Sheisafastrunner.Shecanrunfast.Doyoulikelatedinners?No,Idonotliketoeatlate.·good,wellGoodisanadjective;wellisanadverb.Issheagoodsinger?Yes,shesingswell.ThingstorememberA副词的用法1在英语中副词可以用来修饰动词、形容词、副词或修饰整个句子。如：Hesingswell.(well是副词，修饰动词sing，作状语)Thefoodisreallygood.(really是副词，修饰形容词good，作状语)Hedidprettywellintheexam.(pretty是副词，修饰副词well，作状语)Luckily,hewontherace.(luckily是副词，修饰整个句子，起到强调的作用，作状语)2形容词构成相应的副词的一般规律：形容词类型构成相应副词的方法举例一般情况在形容词后直接加

-lyquick—quicklyslow—slowly以y结尾的形容词先将y改成i,再加-lyhappy—happilybusy—busily绝大多数以e结尾的形容词 直接加-lypolite—politelywide—widely少数以e结尾的形容词要去掉e再加-lytrue—trulyterrible—terribly特殊情况与形容词同形earlyadj.—earlyadv.

highadj.—highadv.3在英语中，有些词既可以作形容词，又可以作副词，如early,much,fast,late,hard,high,little,wide,loud等。由于这类词词性虽不同，但词形却一样，这就需要大家学会在特定语境中判断它们各自的词性。如：Thankyouverymuch.(adv.)多谢。Thereismuchwaterintheriver.(adj.)河里有很多水。Themusicistooloud.Pleaseturnitdown.(adj.)音乐声太大，请调低点。Hespeaksloudenough.Soeveryoneintheroomcanhearwhathesaid.(adv.)他说话的声音很大，所以房间里每个人都能听到他的话。另外，还有个别形容词，其相应的副词拼写完全不同，如good和well。如：HespeaksgoodEnglish.他讲一口很好的英语。HespeaksEnglishwell.他英语讲得很好。1.Don’teatso___(quick/quickly).It’snotgoodforyou.2.Whyareyou___(angry/angrily)?Ihaven’tdoneanything.3.Canyouspeak___(slow/slowly)?4.Billisavery___(careful/carefully)driver.5.Janeisstudying___(hard/hardly).6.Thoseorangeslook___(nice/nicely).CanIhaveone?Practice7.Pleasebe___(quiet/quietly).I’mstudying.8.---WhereisDiane?---Shewasherebutsheleft___(sudden/suddenly)9.Heinsistedonbeingpaid__(immediate/immediately).10.Itis___(impossible/impossibly)forlosttimetobemadeup.AmancalledHappykeepsapetshop,buttodayHappyisnothappy!Heisspeakingtohisworkers.Completethesentenceswiththecorrectformofthewordsinthebox.Useeachwordonlyonce.badcorrecthappyquickcheerfulgoodpatientMycustomersareleavingmebecauseyouact(1)_______.Inthefuture,Iwantyoualltosmile(2)___________atourcustomers.Iwantyoutolistentothem(3)___________.Iwantyoutowork(4)________andaddupalltheamounts(5)_________.Finally,Iwantyoualltodress(6)________.Doallthesethings,andI’msurewe’llwork(7)_________together.badlycheerfullypatientlyquicklycorrectlyhappilywellThecomparativeandsuperlativeofadverbs:Wecantakecareofpetdogsmoreeasilyinlargeopenspacesthaninsmallspaces.Ofallherfriends,Emmalookedafterherpetdog(the)mostcarefully.Wehavelearnthowtocomparepeopleorthingswithadjectives.Wecanuseadverbstocomparehowsomethinghappensorisdone.Weformthecomparativeandsuperlativeofadverbslikethis:AdverbsComparativesSuperlativesquicklyslowlymorequicklymoreslowly(the)mostquickly(the)mostslowlyhardfastlateharderfasterlater(the)hardest(the)fastest(the)latest·Toformthecomparativeandsuperlativeofadverbsendingin-ly,weadd_____and_____beforethem.·Foradverbsthatdonotendin-lyandhavethesameformastheadjectives,weoftenadd_____and_____tothem.Workouttherulemore-er-estmostThecomparativeandsuperlativeformsofbadly,far,little,muchandwellareirregular:badly—worse—worstmuch—

more—mostfar—farther/further—farthest/furthestwell—better—bestlittle—less—leastThingstorememberB副词的比较级和最高级副词的比较级和最高级的构成：1单音节词和少数双音节词一般在词尾加-er或-est。如：

hard—harder—hardest;fast—faster—fastest2以字母e结尾的副词，直接加-r或-st。如：

late—later—latest3以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词，先改“y”为“i”，再加-er或-est。如：

early—earlier—earliest4凡由形容词后加-ly构成的副词，前加more或most。如：beautifully—morebeautifully—mostbeautifully;clearly—moreclearly—mostclearly5不规则变化：well—better—best;badly—worse—worst;little—less—least;much—more—most;far—farther/further—farthest/furthest副词比较级和最高级的用法等级比较程度表达方式和意义例句备注比较级不同程度（两者比较）副词比较级+than(比……)Heworksharderthanhissister.比较级前面可以用much,alittle,even,still,alot等词修饰。最高级不同程度（三者或三者以上比较）(the)+最高级+in(of)...(最……)Heworks(the)hardestinhisclass.Emmainterviewed40peopletofindoutwhichpetcentreisthemostpopular.Helphercompleteherreportwiththeinformationfromthetablebelow.Usethecomparativeandsuperlativeoftheadverbsinbrackets.PetcentreGoodanimaldoctorsGoodhelpersNumberofvisitsTEP////////////////////////////////LOVE///////////////Ken’s//////Heart////////////////////////////////////////////////Iinterviewed40peoplewhokeeppetsathome.TheythinktheanimaldoctorsatTEPcheckpets(1)___________(carefully)andthehelpershelplookafterpets(2)___________(patiently)thanthoseatLOVEandKen’s.However,amongthefourpetcentres,peoplegotoHeart(3)_______________(regularly).Theythinktheanimaldoctorsandhelperstheredidtheirjobs(4)_______(well).TheyseldomgotoKen’sbecausetheanimaldoctorsthereusuallywork(5)_________(slowly)thanthoseintheothercentres.Ofallthesefourpetcentres,Ken’shelperscare(6)___________(little)aboutpets.morecarefullymorepatiently(the)mostregularlythebestmoreslowly(the)least3课堂小结1.Wehavelearnedhowtouseadverbswithverbs.2.Wehavelearnedhowtousethecomparativeand

superlativeofadverb.一、用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。（每空限填一词）1.________(lucky),hepassedtheexamatlast.2.Ofallthesepictures,Ilikethisone________(well).3.________(certain),heisacleverandbraveman.4.Shegottoschool________(early)ofthewholeclasstoday.5.Whodid________(badly)inthe100-metrerace,JimorPeter?worseLuckilybestCertainlyearliest4课堂练习二、选择最佳答案填空。()1.LiMingdidhishomework____,sohewenttobedatelastnight. A.slow B.slowlyC.moreslowly D.mostslowly()2.Lilyalwayslistenstotheteacher____inclassandgetshighmarksinexams. A.carefulB.carefullyC.morecareful D.carefulier()3.Hiswifeoftentalks____thanhedoes. A.seriouslyB.seriouslierC.moreseriously D.mostseriously()4.Timruns____ofthemall. A.fastB.fasterC.fastestD.morefasterCBBC()5.Sheisverygoodatpainting.Shecanpaint___herteachers.A.asbetterasB.aswellasC.asgoodasD.sowellasB三、根据中文意思完成句子。1.我认为你应该少说一点多听