Unit+3+Environmental+Protection+Discover+Useful+Structures+课件【知识精讲精研+备课精准突破】 高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第三册

ENVIRONMENTALPROTECTION语法DiscoveringUsefulStructures语法DiscoveringtherulesPart1DirectSpeechVSIndirectSpeechWhatcanyoufindout?DirectSpeechIndirectSpeech1“Ilostthekeytoyourbike,”Bobsaidtome.Bobtoldmethathehadlostthekeytomybike.2HeaskedMary,

“Doyouwanttogototheconcertwithme?”HeaskedMaryif/whethershewantedtogo

totheconcertwithhim.3“Whydon'tyoutellmethenewshere?”FranzsaidtoLily.FranzaskedLilywhyshedidn'ttellhimthe

newsthere.4“Writeyouranswersonyour

papers.”

the

teachersaidtohisstudents.Theteachertoldhisstudentstowritetheir

answersontheirpapers.DirectSpeech：

原封不动引用原话（放在引号内）；IndirectSpeech：

用自己的话加以转述（不放在引号内）成陈述句。DirectSpeechVSIndirectSpeechWhatcanyoufindout?DirectSpeechIndirectSpeech1“Ilostthekeytoyourbike,”Bobsaidtome.Bobtoldmethathehadlostthekeytomybike.2HeaskedMary,

“Doyouwanttogototheconcertwithme?”HeaskedMaryif/whethershewantedtogo

totheconcertwithhim.3“Whydon'tyoutellmethenewshere?”FranzsaidtoLily.FranzaskedLilywhyshedidn'ttellhimthe

newsthere.4“Writeyouranswersonyour

papers.”

the

teachersaidtohisstudents.Theteachertoldhisstudentstowritetheir

answersontheirpapers.陈述句一般疑问句特殊疑问句祈使句DirectSpeech➡IndirectSpeech：时态、人称代词、限定词、语序都发生变化StudyingtherulesPart2一、连接词：陈述句、一般疑问句和特殊疑问句变成间接引语的时都转化为宾语从句，宾语从句必须用陈述语序。thathelikedplayingbasketballverymuch.

Theboysaid,“Ilikeplayingbasketballvery

much.”Theboysaid直接引语间接引语陈述句用连词_____引导that,

that可以省略一、连接词：陈述句、一般疑问句和特殊疑问句变成间接引语的时都转化为宾语从句，宾语从句必须用陈述语序。whether/ifhelikedplayingbasketball.Theteacheraskedtheboy,“Doyoulike

playingbasketball?”Theteacheraskedtheboy直接引语间接引语陈述句用连词_____引导一般疑问句用连词______或_______引导thatthat可以省略ifwhether一、连接词：陈述句、一般疑问句和特殊疑问句变成间接引语的时都转化为宾语从句，宾语从句必须用陈述语序。whyshedidn'ttellhimthenewsthere.“Whydon'tyoutellmethenewshere?”FranzsaidtoLily.FranzaskedLily原来的疑问词直接引语间接引语陈述句用连词_____引导一般疑问句用连词______或_______引导特殊疑问句用_______________引导thatthat可以省略ifwhether原来的疑问词二、人称变化：直接引语变为间接引语时，人称的变化遵循这样的规则：一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新。(1)“一随主”。若直接引语中有第一人称，变间接引语时应与主句中主语的人称相一致。thatherbrotherwantedtogowithher.Bettysaid,“Mybrotherwantstogowith

me.”Bettysaid二、人称变化：(2)“二随宾”。若直接引语中有第二人称，变间接引语时应与主句中宾语的人称相一致。ifhehadwatchedthe

footballmatch.SheaskedJohn,“Haveyouwatchedthe

footballmatch?”SheaskedJohn二、人称变化：(3)“第三人称不更新”。直接引语中的第三人称变间接引语时不需要变化。Paulwasanexperiencedworker.“Paulisanexperiencedworker,”saidthemanager.Themanagersaid温馨提示需要注意的是，物主代词也要随主语的变化而改变。thathernotebookwason

hisdesk.MrSmithsaidtoDora,“Yournotebookison

mydesk.”MrSmithtoldDora三、时态变化：客观真理句时态不变。时态前移三、时态变化：thatshehadfinishedwritingthereport.

Helensaid,“I'vefinishedwritingthereport.”Helensaid

三、时态变化：thathisfatherhadcometopickhimup.Theboysaid,“Myfathercametopickme

up.”Helensaid

三、时态变化：thathehadfinishedhishomeworkbeforesupper.Hesaid,“Ihadfinishedmyhomeworkbefore

supper.”Helensaid

四、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等的变化四、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等的变化thathewasgoingtoseeafilmthatevening.

Hesaid,“Iamgoingtoseeafilmthisevening.”Helensaid

四、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等的变化Hisfriendaskedwherehehadhadapicnicthedaybefore.

“Wheredidyouhaveapicnicyesterday?”askedhisfriend.五、直接引语是祈使句祈使句通常表示要求或命令，变间接引语时常用tell/order/commandsbtodosth的形式。若为否定祈使句，变间接引语时不定式前加not或never。Theyasked(us)to

workhard.They:“WorkHard!”Whathaveyoulearnt?祈使句Thegirl:“Don’tsaythiswordagain.”Thegirlaskednotto

saythatwordagain.Howtochangeintoindirectspeech?小变身：句式1---陈述句shealwaysuses

herlothbagwhenshe

goesshopping.Michellesaidtome:“IalwaysusemyclothbagwhenIgoshopping.”Michelletoldme(that)直接引语中的动词如果是saidtosb.,在间接引语中则变为toldsb.(that)。Howtochangeintoindirectspeech?she

wantstobecomeascientistandhelptheworld.Martha:“Iwanttobecomeascientistandhelptheworld.”MarthasaidAttention:当引语是客观真理、谚语格言、动词时态是一般现在时时，从句时态无须改变。Howtochangeintoindirectspeech?小变身：句式2---一般疑问句if/whetherscientists

woulddiscover

newspeciesthere.Vincent:“Willscientistsdiscovernewspecieshere?”Vincentasked主语+asked（sb.)+if/whether；间接引语都是陈述句，if/whether后面调整为“主语+谓语”语序，“？”变成“.”。Howtochangeintoindirectspeech?小变身：句式3---特殊疑问句howmany

animals

haddisappearedbecauseofhumanhunting.Laura:“Howmanyanimalshavedisappearedbecauseofhumanhunting?”Lauraasked间接引语都是陈述句，特殊疑问词后面调整为“主语+谓语”语序，“？”变成“.”。2.主语+asked

（sb.)+特殊疑问词；ApplyingtherulesPart3Practice1Volunteers:“Weplantedtreesonthesebarrensandyplotslastyear.”

Theysaid________________________treeson

________barrensandyplotstheyear________.2.Sarah:“Areyouinterestedinbuyinganelectriccar?”Sarahaskedme________________________interestedinbuyinganelectriccar.theyifhadplantedthoseIambeforePractice23.“Whoisresponsibleforglobalwarming?”hesaid.He________________________responsibleforglobalwarming.4.“Stopusingdisposablechopsticks,Charlie.”hesaid.He________Charlie________________usingdisposablechopsticks.askedaskedwhotostopisPractice35.She:“Haveyouexperiencedheavysmogwhereyoulive?”Sheasked________

________________experiencedheavysmogwhere________live.6.“Whyisnuclearpowerasensitivetopicthesedays?”heasked.Heaskedme________________________________asensitivetopic________days.ifwhyIhadnuclearwasIthosepowerConclusionPart4DirectSpeech➡IndirectSpeech三变词变时变句变人称代词：1➡3；2➡1；3➡3指示代词：this➡

that;these➡those(近指➡远指）时间状语：now➡then地点状语：here➡there所有时态后移，如一般过去时➡过去完成时陈述句：××said(that)....一般疑问句：××asked+if/whether+陈述语序.特殊疑问句：××asked+特殊疑问词+陈述语序.祈使句：××asked/told/ordered(sb.)(not)todo

××suggest+(not)V-ing.HomeworkPart5常规作业：将下列句子转换为间接引语。“Iamhavingsupperhere.”hesaid.Hesaid________________________________________2.“Don’tlookoutofthewindow.”shesaid.Sheasked______________________________________3.Hesaid,“Youcansithere,Jim.”He______Jimthat________________________________4.He:“Howdidyoufindit,Mother?”Heaskedhismother_______________________________5.“Didyoureadthebooklastweek?hesaid.He____________________________________________hewashavingsupperthere.menottolookoutofthewindow.hecouldsitthere.toldhowshehadfoundit.askedifIhadreadthebooktheweekbefore.进阶作业：请将这些句子转换成间接引语"I'vebeenavolunteerfor17yearsandIwilltakethisasmotivationtocontinuehelpingyouthunderstandandprotectmothernature,"saidWangPing,fromQinghaiProvince,whoworksinagreenlivingteam.

WangPingsaid_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

shehadbeenavolunteerfor17yearsandshewouldtakethatasmotivationtocontinuehelpingyouthunderstandandprotectmothernature.

"Thisisrecognitionformyeight-yearvolunteeringserviceinprotectingbiodiversity.Iwillfulfillmydutyandencourage