Since-和-for-的用法及区别

Since-和-for-的用法及区别Since和for的用法及区别：一,since的四种用法since+过去一个时间点（如具体的年、月、日期、钟点、ago.1990,lastmonth,halfpastsixIhavebeenheresince1990.1990起，我一直在这儿。2，since+一段时间+agoIhavebeenheresincefivemonthsago。自从五个月前，我已经在这儿了。3，since+从句GreatChangeshavetakenplacesinceyouleft.自从你走后，已经发生了很大的变化。4，Itis+一段时间+since从句ItistwoyearssinceIbecameanEnglishteacher.我成为英语老师有两年了。For+时间段，用来说明动作延续时间长度，因此句中的谓语动词，也应该是延续性动词。IhavebeeninBeijingforoneyear。WehavelearntEnglishforaboutthreeyears.Ihavebeenherefor3days.（对）Ihavearrivedherefor3days.（误）,延续性动词和终止性动词的概念英语中，动词按其动作发生的方式、动作发生过程的长短，可分为延续性动词和终止性动词。延续性动词表示能够延续的动作，这种动作可以延续下去或产生持久影响。如：learn,work,stand,lie,know,walk,keep,have,wait,watch,sing,read,sleep,live,stay等。终止性动词也称非延续性动词、瞬间动词或短暂性动词,表示不能延续的动作，这种动作发生后立即结束。如open,close,finish,begin,come,go,arrive,reach,getto,leave,move,borrow,buy等。四、延续性动词的用法特征.延续性动词可以用于现在完成时，其完成时态可与表示“段时间”的状语连用。表示“段时间”的短语有：fortwoyears,duringthepastthreeyears,sincelastyear,howlong等IhavelearnedEnglishsinceIcamehere.自从我来到这儿就学英语了。.延续性动词不能与表示短暂时间的“点时间”状语连用。如：Itraindateightyesterdaymorning.（误）rain为延续性动词，而ateight表示,,点时间”，前后显然矛盾。如果用延续性动词性动词来表示一瞬间的动作，可借助comebeginget等终止性动词来表示。上句可改为：Itbegantorainateightyesterdaymorning.（正）又如：-WhendidyougettoknowJack?-Twoyearsago.-Thenyou'veknowneachotherformorethantwoyears.-That'sright.五、终止性动词的用法特征.终止性动词可用来表示某一动作完成，因此可用于现在完成时。如：Thetrainhasarrived.火车到了。Haveyoujoinedthecomputergroup?你力口入电脑小组了吗？.终止性动词表示的动作极其短暂，不能持续。因此，不可与表示一段时间的状语用（只限肯定式）。如：(1)他死了三年了。误：Hehasdiedforthreeyears.正：Hehasbeendeadforthreeyears.正：Hediedthreeyearsago.正：Itisthreeyearssincehedied.正：Threeyearshaspassedsincehedied.⑵他来这儿五天了。误：Hehascomehereforfivedays.正：Hehasbeenhereforfivedays.正：Hecameherefivedaysago.正：Itisfivedayssincehecamehere.正：Fivedayshaspassedsincehecamehere.句中终止性动词转换为相应的延续性动词，如上面两例中的第一种正确表达方式。下面列举几例：leave-beaway,borrow-keep,buy—have,begin/start-beon,die—bedead,moveto-livein,finish-beover,join—bein/beamemberof,opensth.—keepsth.open,fallill—beill,getup—beup,catchacold—haveacold练习：用since和for填空1)twoyears2)twoyearsago3)lastmonth4)19995)yesterday6)4o'clock7)4hours8)anhourago9)wewerechildren10)lunchtime11)shelefthere

HehaslivedinNanjingtheyearbeforelast.I’veknownhimwewerechildren.OurteacherhasstudiedJapanesethreeyears.Shehasbeenawayfromthecityabouttenyears.It'sabouttenyearssheleftthecity.2.短暂性转换延续性①arriveat/insw.getto/e/go/movetosw.—beinsw./atschool/athome/onthefarm/behere/bethereHegottoBeijingfiveminutesago.HeBeijingfor.ImovedtotheUSAlastyear.ItheUSAsince.Iwenthomeyesterday.

IhomeforTheycameherelastweek.Theyheresince .②come/goback,return—bebackcome/goout—beoutHecameouttwoyearsago.HeforWereturntoFuzhouyesterday.WetoFuzhousince.③become—be1)Ibecameateacherin2000.Iateacherfor2)Theriverbecamedirtylastyear.Theriverdirtyfor .④close—beclosedopen—beopenTheshopclosedtwohoursago.

Theshop for.Thedooropenedatsixinthemorning.Thedoorforsixhours.⑤getup—beupdie—bedeadleavesw.—beawayfromsw.fallasleep/gettotsleep—beasleepfinish/end—beovermarry—bemarried1)Igotuptwohoursago.IsinceHeleftFuzhoujustnow.He Fuzhouforfiveminutes.Mygrandpadiedin2002.MygrandpaforThemeetingfinishedatsix.Themeetingforsixhours.5)Igottosleeptwohoursago.

Isince6)Theymarriedin1990.Theysince .⑥start/begintodosth.—dosth.begin—beonIbegantoteachatthisschoolin1995.Iatthisschoolsince.Thefilmbegantwominutesago.Thefilmfor.borrow—keeplose—nothavebuy-haveputon-wearcatch/getacold—haveacoldgettoknow—knowTheyborroweditlastweek.TheyitsinceIboughtapentwohoursago.IapenforIgottoknowhimlastyear.

I himsinceIputonmyglassesthreeyearsago.Imyglassesfor .have/hasgoneto—havebeenin1)HehasgonetoBeijing.HeBeijingfortwodays.⑨jointheleague/theParty/thearmybealeague/aPartymember/asoldierbeamemberoftheleague/thePartybeinthelea