大学英语三级(B级)模拟试卷511(题后含答案及解析)

大学英语三级（B级）模拟试卷511(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1.ListeningComprehension2.VocabularyandStructure3.ReadingComprehension4.TranslationfromEnglishtoChinese5.WritingPartIListeningComprehension(15minutes)Directions：Thispartistotestyourlisteningability.Itconsistsof3sections.SectionADirections:Thissectionistotestyourabilitytogiveproperanswerstoquestions.Thereare5recordedquestionsinit.Aftereachquestion,thereisapause.Thequestionswillbespokentwotimes.Whenyouhearaquestion,youshoulddecideonthecorrectanswerfromthe4choicesmarkedA,B,CandD.听力原文：Sorrytotroubleyou.1．A．It’sapleasure.B．Idon’thinkso.C．No,Idon’tcareaboutit.D．I’msorryyoudidn’t.正确答案：A解析：该题考查对别人谢意的应答能力。考点是对道歉的回答。该题对“Iamsorryto”的歉意做出反应。B项是针对别人的意见与看法的反应。C项是回答对方的D项是是在对别人疑问时的答话。表示遗憾的答话。A项是对别人感谢的回答，特别进行了帮助之后，回答别人的感谢时使用，是正确答案。SectionBDirections:Thissectionistotestyourabilitytounderstandshortdialogues.Thereare5recordeddialoguesinit.Aftereachdialogue,thereisarecordedquestion.Thedialoguesandquestionswillbespokentwotimes.Whenyouhearaquestion,youshoulddecideonthecorrectanswerfromthe4choicesmarkedA,B,CandD.听力原文：M:Whatdoyouthinkofthenewsecretary?W:Oh,sheisaveryniceperson,andshe’squiteyoung.Q:nowdoesthewomanthinkthesecretaryis?2．A．Tooold.B．Toostrict.C．Veryquiet.D．Verynice.正确答案：DSectionCDirections:Inthissectionyouwillhearashortrecordedpassage.The

passagehassomewordsorphrasesmissing.Thepassagewillbereadthreetimes.Duringthesecondreading,youarerequiredtoputthemissingwordsorphrasesontheblankinorderofnumberedblanksaccordingtowhatyouhear.Thethirdreadingisforyoutocheckyourwriting.Nowthepassagewillbegin.听力原文：Howoftenonehearschildrenwishingtheyweregrownup,andoldpeoplewishingtheywereyoungagain.Eachagehasitspleasuresanditspains,andthehappiestpersonistheonewhoenjoyswhateachagegiveshimwithoutwastinghistimeinuselessregrets.Childhoodisatimewhentherearefewresponsibilitiestomakelifedifficult.Ifachildhasgoodparents,heisfed,lookedafterandloved,whateverhemaydo.Itisimpossiblethathewilleveragaininhislifebegivensomuchwithouthavingtodoanythinginreturn.Inaddition,lifeisalwayspresentingnewthingstothechild—thingsthathavelosttheirinterestforolderpeoplebecausetheyaretoowellknown.Butachildhashispains:heisnotsofreetodowhathewishestodo;heiscontinuallybeingtoldnottodothings,orbeingpunishedforwhathehasdonewrong.3．Howoftenonehearschildrenwishingtheyweregrownup,andoldpeoplewishingtheywereyoungagain.Eachagehasits【11】anditspains,andthehappiestpersonistheonewhoenjoyswhateachagegiveshimwithoutwastinghistimein【12】.Childhoodisatimewhentherearefew【13】tomakelifedifficult.Ifachildhasgoodparents,heisfed,lookedafterandloved,whateverhemaydo.Itis【14】thathewilleveragaininhislifebegivensomuchwithouthavingtodoanything【15】.Inaddition,lifeisalwayspresentingnewthingstothechild—thingsthathavelosttheirinterestforolderpeoplebecausetheyaretoowellknown.Butachildhashispains:heisnotsofreetodowhathewishestodo;heiscontinuallybeingtoldnottodothings,orbeingpunishedforwhathehasdonewrong.正确答案：pleasures4．正确答案：uselessregrets5．正确答案：responsibilities6．正确答案：impossible7．正确答案：inreturn

PartIIVocabularyandStructure(15minutes)Directions:Thispartistotestyourabilitytoconstructgrammaticallycorrectsentences.Itconsistsof2sections.SectionADirections:Inthissection,thereare10incompletesentences.Youarerequiredtocompleteeachonebydecidingonthemostappropriatewordorwordsfromthe4choicesmarkedA,B,C,andD.8．Theexaminermadeus______ourIDcardinordertobeadmittedtothetestcenterA．showingB．toshowC．showedD．show正确答案：D9．Yourdressdoesn’t_____withyournewhairstyle.A．suitB．mixC．matchD．compare正确答案：C解析：本题考查近义词辨析。match表示为”合适，相配”，但一般与for连用，不与with连用；mix意为”与…相混合”；compare意为”比较”，comparewith表示”与…相比较”，均不”相称，匹配”，符合题意。suit意”混合”，mixwith表示符合题意。10．NotuntilIshoutedatthetopofmyvoice______me.A．didshelookatB．thatshelookedatC．shedidn’tlookatD．hadshelookedat正确答案：A解析：直到我尽力高声喊叫，她才看到我。never，seldom，little，nor，hardly，notuntil等表示否定的词放在句首时，全句需要倒装。另外，主从句的时态应该一致，所以用didshelookat。11．Ihopethey______thebridgebythetimeweleaveattheendofthismonth.A．havebuiltB．willhavebuiltC．willbuild

D．aretobuild正确答案：B解析：我希望他们能在这个月底，我们离开前建好这座桥。本题考查将来完成时的用法。attheendofthismonth表示在这个月底，根据句子意思，我希望在离开前，这座桥已经修好。实际上我还没有离开，而且这座桥也还没有修好。可能正在修。很明显．句子要表达的意思是在将来的某个时间已经完成的动作。故选B。12．Thefirstthing______weshoulddoistoworkoutaplan.A．whichB．thatC．whereD．what正确答案：B解析：我们应该做的第一件事是订个计划。that和which在引导定语从句时的区别之一，先行词为序敷词所修饰时，关系代词用that而不用which。故选B。13．Thereason______hedidthatwasunacceptable.A．whyB．thatC．whichD．where正确答案：A解析：本题测试的是定语从句的用法。先行词reason通常由why引导的定语从句来修饰。故本题答案为选项A。14．______whattodo,themantelephonedthepolice.A．NotknownB．NotknowingC．Don’tknowD．Knowingnot正确答案：B解析：本题测试的是现在分词的用法。所给动词know的动作发出者是其逻辑主语theman，因此应用动词的现在其前面加上否定词。故选B。分词形式，且否定形式是在15．IinvitedTomandAnntodinner,but______ofthemcame.A．neitherB．bothC．either

D．None正确答案：A解析：谈到三个或三个以上的人或事物时，要用none或是noneof。谈到两个人或事物时要用到neither,neitherof(否定句)或either,both用在肯定句中。16．Shegaveupher______asareporterattheageof25.A．careerB．interestC．lifeD．habit正确答案：A解析：本题考查对句意的理解。giveup意为“放弃”，而reporter是一份职业，即放弃作为记者的职业，故答案选A。17．Bytheendofthisyear,they______anewprograminEurope.A．hadstartedB．startC．arestartingD．willhavestarted正确答案：D解析：本题考查动词时态。bytheendofthisyear为将来完成时态的时间状语，故D为正确答案。SectionBDirections:Thereare10incompletestatementshere.Youshouldfillineachblandwiththeproperformofthewordgiveninthebrackets.18．Ifhehadremembered(close)______thewindows,thethiefwouldnothavegotin.正确答案：toclose19．IwouldhavesentE-mailtoyouifI(have)______yourE-mailaddress.正确答案：hadhad解析：本题考查虚拟语气。由if引导的假设从句，主句用would+现在完成时，从句应该用过去完成时，表示对过去某种情况的假设。20．Manyaman(think)______lifeismeaninglesswithoutapurpose.正确答案：thinks解析：本题考查的是主谓一致问题。解题的重点在于manya修饰单数名词，

表示复数意义，但其后的谓语动词要用单数形式，所以正确答案为thinks。21．Thisisoneofthelargest______(know)seaanimalsintheworld.正确答案：known22．Itisnouse(regret)______whathasbeendone.正确答案：regretting23．SpringFestivalisa(tradition)______festivalinChina.正确答案：traditional解析：在中国，春节是个传统的节日。形容词作定语。24．LiMingis(confidence)______thathecangetthefirstplaceintheschoolsportsmeeting.正确答案：confident解析：句子意为：李明很自信能在学校的运动会上取得第一名。本题测试词性变化。句中应该用形容词做表语。25．Itisthehightimethatyou(go)______towork.正确答案：went解析：本题考查常用的虚拟语气的句型结构：Itis(high/about)timethat…，从句中的谓语动词要使用过去式表示虚拟，所以填入go的过去式went。26．Noreaderisallowed(take)______anyreferencebookoutofthereadingroom.正确答案：totake解析：本题考查不定式。allowsb．todosth．意为“允许某人做某事”。虽sb变为isallowed，但后受影响，例如；Hisparentswon’tallowhimtostayoutlate．(他的父母不会允许他在外呆到很晚。)Heisnotallowedtostayoutlate．(他不)因totake。然该句中被动语态的主语，谓语为被动式面的不定式不可以在外呆到很晚。此，空格处填27．Yourworkplanismuchbetternow,butthereisstillroomfor(improve)______正确答案：improvement解析：根据句子结构，这里需要一个名词做介词for的语宾。本句意为“你的工作计划现在要好得多，但是还是有提高的空间”。

PartIIIReadingComprehension(40minutes)Directions:Thispartistotestyourreadingability.Thereare5tasksforyoutofulfill.Youshouldreadthereadingmaterialscarefullyanddothetasksasyouareinstructed.Task1Directions:Afterreadingthefollowingpassage,youwillfind5questionsorunfinishedstatements,numbered36through40.Foreachquestionorstatementthereare4choicesmarkedA,B,C,andD.Youshouldmakethecorrectchoice.Thereareanumberofphrasesbuiltontheword“put”,amongwhichistheexpression“puttingoneon”.Whenonefindsitdifficulttobelievewhatyousaid,hemaylookatyoumorecloselyandask,“Areyouputtingmeon?”Hedoesn’tthinkyouareserious.Perhaps,youarejokingwithhim,laughingathim,tryingtotesthisreaction.Peoplewhotrytoputyouonaremoreoftenjustjoking,havingsomepleasantfriendlyfun.Therearepeoplewholiketoplayjokesonfriends,toputthemoninstrangeways,somefunny,somenot.ThisisespeciallytrueonApril1st,AprilFool’sDay.Yearafteryear,anumberofpeopleletthemselvesbefooledbythesamejoke.Theyjustforgetwhathappenedtothemtheyearbefore.Oneoftheseoftenrepeatedjokesisaboutatelephonecall.ThecallerchangeshisvoiceandtellshisfriendacertainMr.Tigercallshimandaskshimtomakeaquickreplytothegivennumber,whichisthetelephonenumberoftheNationalZoo.Unthinkingly,thefriendquicklymakeshiscallandasksforMr.Tiger.Themanontheotherendsays,“who?”“Mr.Tiger,Idon’tknowhisfullname.Pleasehurry.”Themanattheotherendanswers,“WehavenoMr.Tigerhere”.Thenherealizesitisajokeandhehashearditbefore.Andhebeginstolaughandsays,”Look,friend,thisisthezoo.Somebodyisputtingyouon”.“HowfoolishIam!”Buthethinksaboutitandcan’thelphavingagoodlaughoverit.28．Accordingtothispassage,“putoneon”means______.A．todresssomebodyB．togivesomeoneaphoneC．toliftsomebodyontoahigherplaceD．tojokewithsomeonetoseewhathewillreacttoit正确答案：D解析：putoneon在短文中的意思是“开某人的玩笑看他对此的反应”，只有D符合。29．WhyarepeoplerepeatedlyfooledonAprilFool’sDay?______.A．Becausetheyarealsofondoffun.B．Becausetheyareforgetful.C．Becausetheydon’ttakethesamejokeseriously.D．Becausetheirlegsarepulledbysomeone.正确答案：C

解析：问题是“人们为什么在愚人节反复被愚弄”，根据第一段推断出“因为人们对同样的玩笑没当真”。30．Thefriendcan’tspeaktoMr.Tigerbecause______.A．thisMr.TigerturnedouttobeananimalB．Mr.TigerhappenedtobeoutatthattimeC．hecalledthewrongnumberandthewrongplaceD．theonewhoansweredthephonedidn’tknowMr.Tiger正确答案：D解析：从第五段看出“这个人无法与Tiger先生说话，是因为接电话的人不认识Tiger先生”。所以答案为D。31．WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?______.A．PeoplelikeplayingjokesonothersonApril1st,B．ThepopularjokeisaboutaphonecallonApril1st.C．Themanwhoisjokedonisafool.D．Someofthejokesarefunny,somearenot.正确答案：C解析：根据各选项的意思，只有C“被开玩笑的人是个傻瓜”这点文中没有提到，因此选C。32．Thistextismainlyabout______.A．thejokespeoplearelikelytomakeonAprilFool’sDayB．themeaningof“puttingoneon”andhowtouseitC．whypeopleplayjokesonothersD．April1stisadaywhenpeoplelookforMr.Tiger正确答案：B解析：这篇文章主要讲putoneon这个词语的意思及其用法，所以选B。Task2Directions:ThistaskisthesameasTask1.The5questionsorunfinishedstatementsarenumbered41through45.Learninghowtoturninhomeworkassignmentsontimeisoneoftheinvaluableskillsthatcollegestudentscantakewiththemintotheworkingworld.Thoughtheworkforcemaynotassignhomeworktoitsworkersinthetraditionalsense,manyoftheobjectivesandjobsrequirethatemployeesworkwithdeadlines.Thedeadlinesthatstudentsencountermaybedifferentincontentwhencomparedtothedeadlinesoftheworkforce,buttheimportanceofmeetingthosedeadlinesistheFailuretomeetdeadlinesinboththeclassroomandtheworkforcecanmeaninstanttermination.Forexample,intheclassroom,studentsformacontractwiththeteacherandtheuniversitywhentheyenrollinaclass.Thatcontractrequiresthatstudents

completetheassignmentsandobjectivesinaspecifiedtimetoreceiveagradeandcreditforthecourse.Accordingly,justasastudentrisksterminationintheclassroomifhe/shefailstomeetthedeadlineforahomeworkassignment,so,too,doesthatstudentriskterminationintheworkforce.Whenastudentfailstocompletethoseassignmentsbythedeadline,thestudentbreakshis/hercontractwiththeuniversityandtheteachertocompletetheassignmentsandobjectivesofthecourse.Thisoftenleavestheteacherwithnootherrecoursethantofailthestudentandleavestheuniversitywithnootherrecoursethantoterminatethestudent’screditforthecourse.Developinggoodhabitsofturninginassignmentsinclassnow,ascurrentstudents,willaidyourperformanceandpositionasfutureparticipantsintheworkingworld.33．Whatdbworkingwithdeadlinesintheworkingworldandturninginhomeworkontimeinclassroomhaveincommon?A．Theimportanceofmeetingdeadlines.B．Thecontentofthework.C．Thelengthoftimecompletingtheobjectives.D．Theways.peoplecompletetheassignmentsandobjectives.正确答案：A解析：细节题。见文章第一段最后一句。该句说明无论是按时交学校布置的家庭作业或是按时完成工作任务，虽然它们的内容不同，但按时完成任务的重要性都是一样的。34．Riskingterminationintheclassroomwithfailuretomeetdeadlinesisasdangerousas______.A．riskingterminationintheworkforceB．terminatingthecreditforthecourseC．notbeingenrolledinaclassD．failuretofindajobinthefuture正确答案：A解析：细节题。见文章第二段第四句。该句的第二个分句是倒装句式，它表示大学生不按时交作业就和在工作中不履行合同义务一样情节恶劣，其后果就是丢掉学分和失掉工作。所以，选项A符合题义。35．Tothestudents,failuretomeetdeadlinesinclassroomwillfinallyresultin______.A．theirgettingfiredbytheemployersB．beingdismissedbytheteachersC．nothingseriousD．theuniversityterminatingtheircreditforthecourse正确答案：D解析：细节题。见文章第二段的最后一句。如不按时交家庭作业，学生将会缺少该课程的成绩，进而丢掉该科目的学分。

36．Whyhavinggoodhabitsofturninginhomeworkassignmentsontimeisimportanttothecollegestudents?A．Itwillenablethemtogetabetterjobinthefuture.B．Itwillenablethemtofindtheimportanceofthefuturejob.C．Itwillhelptheirperformanceandpositionintheirfuturejobs.D．Itwillhelpthemearnalotofmoney.正确答案：C解析：细节题。见文章的最后一段。如果养成按时交作业的习惯将会给大学生未来的工作表现增加砝码。37．Thepassageismainlyabout______.A．howtoturninhomeworkassignmentsintheclassroomontimeB．theimportanceofdevelopinggoodhabitsofturninginassignmentsinclassC．howtocompleteassignmentsbythedeadlinesintheworkingworldD．studentssigningacontractwiththeteacherandtheuniversitywhentheyenrollinaclass正确答案：B解析：主旨题，综合全文可以发现，作者反复强调大学生应养成按时交作业的良好习惯，因为它可以对将来的工作起到重大的推动作用。所以，B选项最能准确概括全文大意。Task3Directions:Thefollowingisapassage.Afterreadingit,youarerequiredtocompletetheoutlineinthetablebelow(No.46through50).Youshouldwriteyouranswersbriefly(innomorethan3words)ontheblanks.38．EnglishforSpecialPurposesTheSadrinaProjectAnintermediatecoursefeaturingEnglishfortravelandthetravelbusiness.Twelvetwenty-minuteepisodesonfilmandvideocassette,withatextbook.TheLanguageofBusinessAbest-sellingadvancedcoursewithatextbookandfouraudiocassettes.TheBellcrestStoryAnadvancedcourseforprofessionalbusinessmen.Thirteenfifteen-minuteepisodesonfilmandvideocassette,andafullrangeofteachers’andstudents’booksandtapesproducedinconjunctionwithOxfordUniversityPress.EnglishforInternationalCooperationAdvancedEnglishusedformeetings,negotiationandadministration.Atextbookandfouraudiocassettes.LetterWritinginEnglishAtextbookongeneralandbusinessletterwriting.ProjectAftermathAnewintermediatecourseoftechnicalEnglish.Twobooksandfouraudiocassettes.TheScientistSpeaksAfilmseriescoveringawideVarietyoftopics,withlanguageteachingsections,andatextbook.TheLanguageofAviationAcoursemadeincollaborationwiththemajorairlinesgivingacomprehensiveaccountofallaspectsoftheindustry.Atextbookandthreeaudiocassettes.NamesoftheCoursesContents(46)______AnintermediatecoursefeaturingEnglishfortravelandthetravelbusiness.

TheBellcrestStoryAnadvancedcoursefor(47)______.(48)______Atextbookongeneralandbusinessletterwriting.TheScientistSpeaksItisafilmseriescoveringavarietyof(49)______,withlanguageteachingsections.TheLanguageofAviationItisacoursemadeincollaborationwiththemajorairlinesgivingacomprehensiveaccountof(50)______.正确答案：TheSadrinaProject解析：本题要求填写课程的名称，该课程教授旅行和商务旅行的英语，根据原文第1段第1句话就可以得知答案是TheSadrinaProject。39．正确答案：professionalbusinessmen解析：本题要求填写TheBellcrestStory课程的对象，根据原文第professionalbusinessmen。3段第1句话就可以得知答案是40．正确答案：LetterWritinginEnglish解析：本题要求填写课程的名称，该课程教授普通和商务信件写作，根据原文第5段就可以得知答案是LetterWritinginEnglish。41．正确答案：Topics解析：本题要求填写TheScientistSpeaks课程的涉及方面，根据原文第7段就可以得知答案是topics。42．正确答案：allsidesoftheindustry解析：本题要求填写TheLanguageofAviation课程的涉及方面，根据原文第8段第1句话就可以得知答案是allsidesoftheindustry。Task4Directions:Thefollowingisalistofterms.Afterreadingit,youarerequiredtofindtheitemsequivalenttothosegiveninChineseinthetablebelow.ThanyoushouldputthecorrespondinglettersinthebracketsofquestionNO.51-55.43．A—pianoharpG—oboedulcimerM—viola()大提琴B—violinC—celloH—clarinetI—drumN—fluteO—Erhu()小提琴52.()笛()鼓53.()钢琴()中音()唢呐D—guitarE—xylophoneF—J—gongK—cymbalsL—P—accordionQ—suonahorn51.提琴54.()吉他()锣55.()手风琴

正确答案：C、B44．正确答案：N、I45．正确答案：A、M46．正确答案：D、J47．正确答案：P、QTask5Directions:Thefollowingisapassage.Afterreadingthepassageyoushouldgivebriefanswerstothe5questions(No.56throughNo.60)followingthem.Outsideamongthetrees,watchthewildlifeboththehumanandanimalvarieties.Call(212)360-3465or(212)360-2726foreventsandtours.Centralparkstretchesfrom59thto11OthSts.,andfrom59thAve.toCentralParkWest.EmpireStateBuilding48．WhatcanyouwatchintheCentralPark?正确答案：thewildlife解析：根据第一段第一句中“Watchthewildlifeboththehumanandanimalvarieties”．49．Whichplaceisgoodforsightseeing?正确答案：EmpireStateBuilding解析：根据第二段的内容：帝国大厦第86层的嘹望台是对外开放的，从这儿可以对全城景色一览无余。50．WhichnumberwillconnectyoutoIntrepidSea-Air-SpaceMuseum?正确答案：(212)245-0072解析：从第三段的最后一句话可知。51．Whichplacewillavisitorprobablygotoifheisinterestedinmusic?

正确答案：MadisonSquareGarden解析：根据第四段中的“Checkoutsportingevents，concertsandmuchmore．”。52．Whichcitydoesthistextwanttoguidevisitors?正确答案：NewYork解析：根据文中不断出现的”NewYorkSkyride”、“Manhattan”(曼哈顿)、“5thAve．”、(第五大道)、“CentralPark”、(中央公园)、“EmpireStateBuilding”(帝国大厦)、“TimeSquare”(时代广场)、“MadisonSquareGarden”(麦迪逊露天广场)，可知这些地方都在纽约市。PartIVTranslationfromEnglishtoChinese(25minutes)Directions:ThispartistotestyourabilitytotranslateEnglishintoChinese.Eachofthefoursentences(No.61toNo.64)isfollowedbyfourchoicesofsuggestedtranslationmarkedA,B,CandD.Makethebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletterintheblanks.ForquestionNo.65,writeyourtranslationoftheparagraphinthecorrespondingspace.53．Thepresidentannouncedthedecisioninthenameofthecompany.A．董事长以公司的B．董事长用公司的C．在董事长的发言里有公司的名字。D．董事长宣布了这项决定，以公司的名义。名义通知了这项决定。名字宣布了这项决定。正确答案：B解析：解答本题的关键是对固定词组inthenameof…的翻译，意思是“以……的名义”。按照中地道。文的表达习惯，英语中的介词短语一般放在句子前面翻译比较54．YouarenomorecapableofspeakingSpanishthanIam.A．你我都不能和西班牙人交流。B．你我都不会说西班牙语。C．你不会说的西班牙语我会说。D．我们会说的西班牙语一样多。正确答案：B解析：本句中包括一个含否定含义的结构“beno+形容词比较级+than”，意为“两者都不……”。此处二者都不擅长做的事是becapableofspeakingSpanish(能够说西班牙语)。结合上述分析可知，四个选项中选项B的译文最贴近原意。选项A增译了介词to，同时错将Spanish(西班牙语)理解为“西班牙人”，虽然意思和原意差不多，但不够准确；选项D错解了“beno+形容词比较级+than”这一结构的义含，将其理解为表示二者在掌握西班牙语方面程度一样，因而不妥；选项C完全没有识别出原文的句法层次，有逐个将单词译出之嫌，最为不妥。

55．Peoplenowhavemoreleisuretime,whichisthereasonwhythedemandforserviceshasincreasedsorapidly.A．如今人们有更多的时间去娱乐，从而影响了劳务资源的快速上升。B．如今希望有时间娱乐的人越来越多，这是因为服务质量在迅速提高了。C．如今人们有了更多的闲暇时间，因而对各种服务的需求增长得如此快。D．如今人们有了更多的空闲时间，这就是要求迅速提高服务质量的原因。正确答案：C解析：thereasonwhythedemandforserviceshasincreasedsorapidly是指“服务需求快速增长的原因”，故只有选项C为正确答案。56．Manygoodmovieshavebeenproducedrecently，butIstillprefertowatcholdmovi