七选五之五年高考真题+思维导图 (2017+2012题组) 高考英语第二轮复习小题狂练（ 含答案解析 ）

七选五之五年高考真题+思维导图(2017+2012题组)--2022年高考英语第二轮复习小题狂练（解析版）2017年真题题组Passage1年份体裁话题全文词数建议用时段首段中段尾2017全国Ⅰ卷记叙文抵触到喜欢野营转变过程3006min221IfanyonehadtoldmethreeyearsagothatIwouldbespendingmostofmyweekendscamping,Iwouldhavelaughedheartily.Campers,inmyeyes,werepeoplewhoenjoyedinsectbites,ill-cookedmeals,anduncomfortablesleepingbags.Theyhadnothingincommonwithme.1Thefriendswhointroducedmetocampingthoughtthatitmeanttobeapioneer.2Wesleptinatent,cookedoveranopenfire,andwalkedalongdistancetotaketheshowerandusethebathroom.ThisbriefvisitwithMotherNaturecostmetwodaysofffromwork,recoveringfromabadcaseofsunburnandthedoctor’sbillformyson’sfoodpoisoning.Iwas,nevertheless,talkedintogoingonanotherfun-filledholidayinthewilderness.3Instead,wehadapop-upcamperwithcomfortablebedsandanairconditioner.Mynature-lovingfriendshadrememberedtobringallthenecessitiesoflife.4Wehavedonealotofitsince.Recently,weboughtatwenty-eight-foottraveltrailercompletewithabathroomandabuilt-inTVset.Thereisaseparatebedroom,amodernkitchenwitharefrigerator.Thetrailerevenhasmatchingcarpetandcurtains.5Itmustbetruethatsoonerorlater,everyonefindshisorherwaybacktonature.Irecommendthatyoufindyourwayinstyle.A.Thistimetherewasnotent.B.Thingsaregoingtobeimproved.C.Thetriptheytookmeonwasaroughone.D.Iwastolearnalotaboutcampingsincethen,however.E.ImustsaythatIhavecertainlycometoenjoycamping.F.Afterthetrip,myfamilybecamequiteinterestedincamping.G.Therewasnoshadeasthetreeswerenomorethan3feettall.文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者对野营活动由抵触到喜欢的转变过程。1.D。上文说，作者一开始对野营产生过抵触情绪。但是，从下文可知，作者后来喜欢上了野营活动。本空表示意义的转折，承上启下，为下文做铺垫。故选D。2.C。根据下文可知，这次野营活动从住宿、饮食到洗澡都很艰苦。故选C，对下文内容进行概括。3.A。前句说，作者被说服参加另一次野营活动，后句说，这次野营活动有舒服的床和空调。故选A，起承上启下的作用。4.F。本段讲述作者一家开始野营，并采购很多野营的装备。由此可知，自上次活动以来作者一家对野营活动非常感兴趣。故本空选F。5.E。上文讲述了作者对野营活动由抵触到感兴趣的转变过程，由此可见，作者已经完全喜欢上了野营活动。故本空选E。Passage2年份体裁话题全文词数建议用时段首段中段尾2017全国IⅠ卷说明文避免工作被打扰的小窍门2836min140Interruptionsareoneoftheworstthingstodealwithwhileyou’retryingtogetworkdone.1,thereareseveralwaystohandlethings.Let’stakealookatthemnow.2.Tellthepersonyou’resorryandexplainthatyouhaveamillionthingstodoandthenaskifthetwoofyoucantalkatadifferenttime.Whenpeopletrytointerruptyou,havesethoursplannedandletthemknowtocomebackduringthattimeorthatyou’llfindthemthen.3.Itcanhelptoeliminate(消除)futureinterruptions.Whenyouneedtotalktosomeone,don’tdoitinyourownoffice.4.it’smucheasiertoexcuseyourselftogetbacktoyourworkthanifyoutrytogetsomeoneoutofyourspaceevenafterexplaininghowbusyyouareIfyouhaveadoortoyouroffice,makegooduseofit.5.Ifsomeoneknocksandit’snotanimportantmatter.excuseyourselfandletthepersonknowyou’rebusysotheycangetthehint(暗示)thanwhenthedoorisclosed,you’renottobedisturbed.A.Ifyou’rebusy,don’tfeelbadaboutsayingnoB.WhenyouwanttoavoidinterruptionsatworkC.SetboundariesforyourselfasyourtimegoesD.Ifyou’reintheotherperson’sofficeorinapublicareaE.It’simportantthatyouletthemknowwhenyou’llbeavailableF.ItmightseemunkindtocutpeopleshortwhentheyinterruptyouG.Leaveitopenwhenyou’reavailabletotalkandcloseitwhenyou’renot文章大意：本文是一篇说明文，介绍了避免工作时被打断的几种方法。1.B。根据上文的"Interruptionsareoneoftheworstthingstodealwith"以及下文的"thereareseveralwaystohandlethings"可知，工作时被打断是要处理的最糟糕的事情之一，有几个处理事情的办法。空处承上启下，应选B项。2.A。根据下文的"Tellthepersonyou’resorry...askifthetwoofyoucantalkatadifferenttime"可知，本段讲述的是当你忙的时候，要拒绝别人打断你。故A项符合文意。3.E。根据上文的"letthemknowtocomebackduringthattimeorthatyou’llfindthemthen"及下文的"Itcanhelptoeliminate(消除)futureinterruptions."可知，此处指让他们知道你什么时候有空是很重要的。故选E项。4.D。根据上文的"don’tdoitinyourownoffice"以及下文的"excuseyourselftogetbacktoyourwork"可知，你如果不在自己的办公室里，就更容易给自己找到借口返回来工作。故选D项。5.G。根据本段的首句"Ifyouhaveadoortoyouroffice,makegooduseofit"以及下文的"whenthedoorisclosed"可知，G项符合文意。Passage3年份体裁话题全文词数建议用时段首段中段尾2017全国ⅠII卷说明文保持早睡早起好习惯的策略3096min131Lotsofpeoplefindithardtogetupinthemorningandputtheblameonthealarmclock.Infact,thekeytoeasymorningwake-upliesinrestingyourbodyclock1Hereishowtomakeone.●2Inordertomakeachange,youneedtodecidewhyit'simportant.Doyouwanttogetupintimetohavebreakfastwithyourfamily,getinsomeexercise,orjustbebetterpreparedforyourday?Onceyouareclearaboutyourreason,tellyourfamilyorroommatesaboutthechangeyouwanttomake.●Rethinkmornings.Nowthatyouknowwhyyouwanttowakeup,considerre-arrangingyourmorningactivities.Ifyouwanttimetohavebreakfastwithyourfamily,savesometimethenightbeforebysettingoutclothes,shoes,andbags.3That’saquarter-hourmoreyoucouldbesleepingifyouboughtacoffeemakerwithatimer.●Keepyoursleep/wakescheduleonweekends.Ifyou’retiredoutbyFridaynight,sleepinginonSaturdaycouldsoundwonderful.Butcompensatingontheweekendsactuallyfeedsintoyoursleepinessthefollowingweek,arecentstudyfound.4●Keeparecordandevaluateitweekly.Keeptrackofyoureffortsandwritedownhowyoufeel.Afteryou’vetriedanewmethodforaweek,takealookatyourrecord.5Ifnot,takeanotherlookatothermethodsyoucouldtry.A.Getasleepspecialist.B.Findtherightmotivation.C.Abetterplanforsleepcanhelp.D.Andconsidersettingasecondalarm.E.Ifthestepsyoutakeareworking,keepitup.F.Sticktoyoursetbedtimeandwake-uptime,nomattertheday.G.Reconsiderthe15minutesyouspendinlineatthecafétogetcoffee.文章大意：本文是一篇说明文，介绍了如何做计划建立好生物钟，保持早睡早起的好习惯。1.C。第一段最后一句说"以下是如何制作一个"，代词one指代"计划"一词，因此本空选C。2.B。空后谈到要改变，先要说清楚做出改变很重要的原因；后面谈到一旦明白了其中的原因，就可以告诉你的家人或室友你想做出改变；由此可以推断出这段总的在说找到正确的动机，因此本空选B。3.G。本段最后一句谈到如果买咖啡机自己弄咖啡，早上可以多睡一会儿，因此前一句应该要与咖啡有关，本空选G。4.F。本段谈到周末起床、睡觉的时间应该和平常一致，不然周末多睡反而会增加接下来工作日的睡意。F项中的nomattertheday指的就是周末也应该和工作日的作息一致。因此本空选F。5.E。本段谈到对自己所做的计划要记录、评价和调整。本空后的Ifnot说明前面是讨论计划有效就应该坚持，因此选E。Passage4年份体裁话题全文词数建议用时段首段中段尾2017北京卷记叙文充足睡眠有助于巩固记忆3266.5min032Everyanimalsleeps,butthereasonforthishasremainedfoggy.Whenlabratsarenotallowedtosleep,theydiewithinamonth.1Oneideaisthatsleephelpsusstrengthennewmemories.2Weknowthat,whileawake,freshmemoriesarerecordedbyreinforcing(加强)connectionsbetweenbraincells,butthememoryprocessesthattakeplacewhilewesleephavebeenunclear.Supportisgrowingforatheorythatsleepevolvedsothatconnectionsbetweenneurons(神经元)inthebraincanbeweakenedovernight,makingroomforfreshmemoriestoformthenextday.3Nowwehavethemostdirectevidenceyetthatheisright.4Thesynapsesinthemicetakenattheendofaperiodofsleepwere18percentsmallerthanthosetakenbeforesleep,showingthattheconnectionsbetweenneuronsweakenwhilesleeping.IfTononi’stheoryisright,itwouldexplainwhy,whenwemissanight’s,wefinditharderthenextdaytoconcentrateandlearnnewinformation—ourbrainsmayhavesmallerroomfornewexperiences.Theirresearchalsosuggestshowwemaybuildlastingmemoriesovertimeeventhoughthesynapsesbecomethinner.Theteamdiscoveredthatsomesynapsesseemtobeprotectedandstayedthesamesize.5“Youkeepwhatmatters,”Tononisays.A.Weshouldalsotrytosleepwellthenightbefore.B.It’sasifthebrainispreservingitsmostimportantmemories.C.Similarly,whenpeoplegoforafewdayswithoutsleeping,theygetsick.D.Theprocessestakeplacetostopourbrainsbecomingloadedwithmemories.E.That’swhystudentsdobetterintestsiftheygetachancetosleepafterlearning.F.“Sleepisthepricewepayforlearning,”saysGiulioTononi,whodevelopedtheidea.G.Tononi’steammeasuredthesizeoftheseconnections,orsynapses,inthebrainsof12mice.文章大意：这是一篇说明文。文中主要探讨了充足的睡眠帮助人们巩固新记忆，为第二天的全新记忆腾出空间。1.C。所有的动物都睡觉，但其原因仍然是谜。当实验室的老鼠不被允许睡觉时，它们一个月内就死了。同样，人类如果连续几天不睡觉，就会生病。所以C项正确。2.E。第二段首句指出一个观点，即睡眠帮助人们巩固新的记忆。而E项则支持该观点，其中That指代的就是睡眠帮助巩固新的记忆这一观点。所以E项正确。3.F。空前讲，睡眠会为第二天的新记忆腾出空间，且由第四段第一句中的人称代词he可知，F项正确。4.G。空前讲，有最直接的证据证明Tononi的观点是对的，而空后的内容介绍了实验结果，故可推知空处应是介绍了Tononi做的相关实验，故G项正确。5.B。根据空前的关键词protected,stayed以及空后的keep,matters可知，B项正确。Passage5年份体裁话题全文词数建议用时段首段中段尾2017浙江6月卷记叙文颜色在家庭装饰中的作用3387min131HowtoDoMan-on-the-StreetInterviewsTheman-on-the-streetinterviewisaninterviewinwhichareporterhitsthestreetswithacameramantointerviewpeopleonthespot.1Butwiththesetips,yourfirstman-on-the-streetinterviewexperiencecanbeeasy.●Whenyourbossorprofessorsendsyououttodoman-on-the-streetinterviewsforastory,thinkaboutthetopicanddevelopalistofabouttengeneralquestionsrelatingtoit.Forexample,ifyourtopicisaboutenvironmentalproblemsinAmerica,youmightask,“WhydoyouthinkenvironmentalprotectionisimportantinAmerica?”2●Hitthestreetswithconfidence.3Say,“Excuseme,IworkforXYZNews,andIwaswonderingifyoucouldshareyouropinionaboutthistopic.”Thisisaquickwaytogetpeopletowarmuptoyou.●Moveontothenextpersonifsomeonetellsyousheisnotinterestedintalkingoncamera.Don’tgetdiscouraged.●4Eachinterviewthatyougetonthestreetshouldn’tbelongerthantenminutes.Assoonasyougettheansweryouneed,moveontothenextperson.Makesurethatasyougofrominterviewtointerview,youaregettingavarietyofanswers.Ifeveryoneisgivingyouthesameanswer,youwon’tbeabletouseit.Asafenumberofinterviewstoconductisaboutsixtoten.5●Ifyournewsstationorschoolrequiresintervieweestosignreleaseformstoappearontheair,don’tleaveworkwithoutthem.A.Limityourtime.B.Asyouapproachpeople,bepolite.C.Ifyoudon’townacamera,youcanbuyone.D.Fornewreporters,thiscanseemlikeachallengingtask.E.Togetgoodandusefulresults,askthemthesamequestion.F.Thatnumberofinterviewsshouldgiveyoualltheanswersyouneed.G.Withaquestionlikethis,youwillgetmorethana＂Yes＂or＂No＂reply.文章大意：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了如何成功地做好街头的采访。1.D。该段用来引入本文的话题，根据语境尤其是下文中的"Butwiththesetips"和"canbeeasy"可知，街头的采访对于新的记者来说似乎是富有挑战性的工作，但有了以下建议，就能得心应手了，所以选D。2.G。由空前的"Whydoyouthink"可知，提问时不要使用可以让对方给出"Yes"或"No"简短回答的问题，而应该提问能让被采访者多说一些内容的问题，故选G。3.B。由空前的"confidence"和下文中的"Excuseme"和"Iwaswondering"可知，到街头进行采访时要自信，同时也要有礼貌，故选B。4.A。由空后的"shouldn’tbelongerthantenminutes...moveontothenextperson"可知，要控制采访的时间，故选A。5.F。根据空前的"Asafenumberofinterviewstoconductisaboutsixtoten"可知，采访的次数不要过多，以约6至10次为宜，同时这些采访应当给出所有你需要的答案，故选F。Passage6年份体裁话题全文词数建议用时段首段中段尾2017浙江11月卷说明文如何巧妙记住阅读内容3387min131HowtoRememberWhatYouReadReadingisimportant.Butthenextstepismakingsurethatyourememberwhatyou'veread!1youmayhavejustreadthetext.Buttheideas,conceptsandimages（形象）mayflyrightoutofyourhead.Hereareafewtricksforrememberingwhatyouread.●2

Iftheplot,characters,orwordusageisconfusingforyou,youlikelywon'tbeabletorememberwhatyouread.It'sabitlikereadingaforeignlanguage.Ifyoudon'tunderstandwhatyou'rereading,howwouldyourememberit?Butthereareafewthingsyoucando...Useadictionary;lookupthedifficultwords.●Areyouconnected?Doesacharacterremindyouofafriend?Doesthesettingmakeyouwanttovisittheplace?Doesthebookinspireyou,andmakeyouwanttoreadmore?Withsomebooks,youmayfeelaconnectionrightaway.3

Howwillingareyoutomaketheconnectionshappen?●Readit;hearit;beit!Readthelines.Then,speakthemoutloud.And,putsomecharacterintothewords.Whenhewaswritinghisnovels,CharlesDickenswouldactoutthepartsofthecharacters.He'dmakefacesinthemirror,andchangehisvoiceforeachcharacter._4

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Howoftendoyouread?Ifyoureadfrequently,you'lllikelyhaveaneasiertimewithrememberingwhatyou’rereadingandwhatyou'veread.5Asyoumakereadingaregularpartofyourlife,you'llmakemoreconnections,staymorefocusedandunderstandthetextbetter.You’lllearntoenjoyliterature-asyourememberwhatyouread!A.Areyouconfused?B.Practicemakesperfect.C.What'syourmotivation?D.Memoryissometimesatrickything.E.Markinghelpsyourememberwhatyouread.F.Butotherbooksrequireabitmoreworkonyourpart.G.Youcandothesamethingwhenyouarereadingthetext!文章大意：本文主要介绍了记住阅读过的内容的技巧。1.D。根据空前的＂thenextstepismakingsurethatyourememberwhatyou’veread＂和空后的＂buttheideas，conceptsanImages(形象)mayflyrightoutofyeourhead可知，阅读是重要的，但是你要确保记住所阅读的内容。你可能刚读过了文本，但并没有记住其中的思想概念和形象。由此可知D项＂记忆有时候是一件很困难的事情＂符合上下文的衔接，所以选D项。2.A。本空是段落主题句。由＂Iftheplot,characters,orwordusageisconfusingforyou,youlikelywon’tbeabletorememberwhatyouread＂可知，该段主题与处理一些令人困惑的信息有关，故A选项与此处匹配。3.F。根据空前的＂Withsomebooks,youmayfeelaconnectionrightaway＂可知，读有些书时，你可以很快建立联系,空后一句提到”你有多大意愿让这些联系发生＂，F项“但是(阅读)其他书对你的要求更多一些＂与前后句衔接紧密，故选F项。4.G。本空是段落结尾句。由本段内容可知，大声读出来所阅读的材料并加以演绎也是一个技巧。本段又以狄更斯写作时演绎自己作品中的角色为例来说明我们也可以这样做，所以选G项。5.B。根据空前的＂Ifyoureadfrequently,you’lllikelyhaveaneasiertimewithremembering＂和空后的＂AsyoumakereadingaregularpartofYourlife可知，有规律的阅读可以让记忆变得更加轻松，即”熟能生巧”，所以选B项。专题08七选五之五年高考真题--2022年高考英语第二轮复习小题狂练（解析版）2012年真题年份体裁话题全文词数建议用时段首段中段尾2013全国Ⅰ卷说明文介绍商业与商业管理内容2445min032Businessistheorganizedapproachtoprovidingcustomerswiththegoodsandservicestheywant.Thewordbusinessalsoreferstoanorganizationthatprovidesthesegoodsandservices.Mostbusinessesseektomakeaprofit(利润)—thatis,theyaimtoachieveincomethatismorethanthecostsofoperatingthebusiness.1Commonlycallednonprofits,theseorganizationsareprimarilynongovernmentalserviceproviders.2Businessmanagementisatermusedtodescribethetechniquesofplanning,direction,andcontroloftheoperationsofabusiness.3Oneistheestablishment(制定)ofbroadbasicpolicieswithrespecttoproduction;sales;thepurchaseofequipment,materialsandsupplies;andaccounting.4Thethirdrelatestotheestablishmentofstandardsofworkinalldepartments.Directionisconcernedprimarilywithsupervision(监管)andguidancebythemanagementinauthority.5A.Controlincludestheuseofrecordsandreportstocompareactualworkwiththesetstandardsforwork.B.Inthisconnectionthereisthedifferencebetweentopmanagementandoperativemanagement.C.Examplesofnonprofitbusinessesincludesuchorganizationsassocialserviceagenciesandmanyhospitals.D.However,somebusinessesonlyseektoearnenoughtocovertheiroperatingcosts.E.Thesecondaspectrelatestotheapplicationofthesepoliciesbydepartments.F.Inthetheoryofbusinessmanagement,organizationhastwomainaspects.G.Planninginbusinessmanagementhasthreemainaspects.文章大意：本文向读者介绍了商业和商业管理的相关内容。1.D。前文介绍了什么是营利性商业机构。由空后的"Commonlycallednonprofits"可知选D，表示语意的转折，介绍非营利性商业机构。2.C。上句提到了非营利性商业机构，则空处应是提供更多的信息，对上句进行进一步的阐释和扩展。故选C。3.G。前句解释了商业管理的概念，下文为商业管理中规划所包含的三个方面，与G项中的"threemainaspects"相一致。故选G。4.E。前一句为第一个方面，后一句为第三个方面，显然本句应介绍第二个方面。故选E。5.A。第二段的第一句介绍了商业管理中的三个技巧，分别是planning,direction和control。接下来已经介绍了前两个技巧，最后一个技巧"control"还未提及，所以本空应涉及control的内容。故选A。Passage2年份体裁话题全文词数建议用时段首段中段尾2013全国ⅠI卷说明文公共演讲培训小贴士2826min230PublicSpeakingTraining●Getacoach1,sogethelp.Sincethereareaboutabillioncompaniesoutthereallreadytoofferyoupublicspeakingtrainingandcourses,herearesomethingstolookforwhendecidingthetrainingthat'srightforyou.●FocusonpositivesAnytrainingyoudotobecomemoreeffectiveatpublicspeakingshouldalwaysfocusonthepositiveaspectsofwhatyoualreadydowell.Nothingcanhurtconfidencemorethanbeingtoldthatyouaren'tdoingwell.2,sogoodpublicspeakingtrainingshoulddevelopthoseinsteadoftellingyouwhatyoushouldn'tdo.●3Ifyoufindapublicspeakingcoursethatlooksasthoughit'sgoingtogiveyoulotsofdosanddon'ts,walkaway!Yourbrainissofullofwhatyou'regoingtobetalkingabout.4.Asfaraswe'reconcerned,therearebasicallynohardandfastrulesaboutpublicspeaking.Youraudiencecanbeyourfriends.●YouareaspecialpersonnotacloneMostimportantly,goodpublicspeakingtrainingshouldtreatyouasaspecialone,withyourownpersonalhabits.5.Yourtrainingcourseshouldhelpyoubringoutyourpersonality,nottrytoturnyouintosomeoneyou'renot.A.Youaren'tlikeanybodyelseB.YoualreadydolotsofthingswellC.TurnyourbackontoomanyrulesD.Checktherulesaboutdosanddon'tsE.Whateverthepresentation,publicspeakingistoughF.Theonethingyoudon'twantisforthemtofallasleepG.Sotryingtoforceawholesetofrulesintoitwilljustmakethingsworse文章大意：本文就如何进行公共演讲培训给出了几点建议。1.E。从空格后的"sogethelp"(所以寻求帮助)来看，前面所指的事情难度较大。E项符合语境。2.B。空前的doingwell与B项中的"dolotsofthingswell"相对应。3.C。下文说读者要远离那些注意事项，本段标题应为C项，意思是"不去理睬太多规则"。4.G。上一句指出"你的大脑装满了要谈论的内容"，所以试图强行塞入一整套规则只会使情况更糟。故选G。5.A。此处是对小标题的解释说明，根据上一句中的"aspecialone"可知，A项最合适。Passage3年份体裁话题全文词数建议用时段首段中段尾2013北京卷说明文城市化进程及带来的影响3537min041Urbanization Untilrelativelyrecently,thevastmajorityofhumanbeingslivedanddiedwithouteverseeingacity.Thefirstcitywasprobablyfoundednomorethan5,500yearsago.1.Infact,nearlyeveryonelivedonfarmsorintinyrural(乡村的)villages.Itwasnotuntilthe20thcenturythatGreatBritainbecamethefirsturbansocietyinhistory---asocietyinwhichthemajorityofpeopleliveincitiesanddonotfarmforaliving. Britainwasonlythebeginning.2.Theprocessofurbanization---themigration(迁移)ofpeoplefromthecountrysidetothecity---wastheresultofmodernization,whichhasrapidlytransformedhowpeopleliveandwheretheylive. In1990,fewerthan40%ofAmericanslivedinurbanareas.Today,over82%ofAmericansliveincities.Onlyabout2%liveonfarms.3. Largecitieswereimpossibleuntilagriculturebecameindustrialized.Eveninadvancedagriculturalsocieties.Ittookaboutninety-fivepeopleonfarmstofeedfivepeopleincities.4.Untilmoderntimes,thoselivingincitiesweremainlytherulingelite(精英)andtheservants,laborersandprofessionalswhoservedthem.Citiessurvivedbytaxingfarmersandwerelimitedinsizebytheamountofsurplusfoodthattheruralpopulationproducedandbytheabilitytomovethissurplusfromfarmtocity. Overthepasttwocenturies,theIndustrialRevolutionhasbrokenthisbalancebetweenthecityandthecountry.5.Today,insteadofneedingninety-fivefarmerstofeedfivecitypeople,oneAmericanfarmerisabletofeedmorethanahundrednon-farmers. A.Thatkeptcitiesverysmall. B.Therestliveinsmalltowns. C.Theeffectsofurbanlivingonpeopleshouldbeconsidered. D.Soonmanyotherindustrialnationsbecomeurbansocieties. E.Buteven200yearsago,onlyafewpeoplecouldliveincities. F.Modernizationdrewpeopletothecitiesandmadefarmersmoreproductive. G.Moderncitieshavedestroyedsocialrelationsandthehealthofhumanbeings.文章大意：文章的主题是城市化。文章讲述了过去城市规模小，农民人口多，到现代化之后，农民人口变少，但农业产量反而增加，更多的人住在城市，体现了社会的变迁。1.E。根据前一句“Thefirstcitywasprobablyfoundednomorethan5,500yearsago”可知，此处讲的是以前城市的情况，即第一座城市仅仅是5500年才出现的，甚至200年前，也只有很少一部分人生活在城市中。其他几个选项没有关于以前城市的描述。故选择E。2.D。根据前一句的“Britainwasonlythebeginning”可知，英国只是个开始，关键词beginning，因此后面出现的是soon，句意：英国只是个开始，很快，其他工业国家也变成了城市化社会。3.B。根据前一句的“Today,over82%ofAmericansliveincities.Onlyabout2%liveonfarms”可知，目前，超过82%的美国人住在城市，只有2%的人住在农场，在讲完了82%和2%之后，还有剩下的人呢，住在哪里呢？因此可以推断出，下一句讲述的是therest即，其余的人住在什么地方。因此，选择B，其余的人住在城镇里。4.A。推理判断，根据前一句的“Ittookaboutninety-fivepeopleonfarmstofeedfivepeopleincities”可知，要有95个人在农场里工作，才能养活5个城市里的人，因此城市里居住的人肯定要少，规模肯定很小，因此选择A项，这种原因导致了城市规模很小。5.F。根据后面的“Today,insteadofneedingninety-fivefarmerstofeedfivecitypeople,oneAmericanfarmerisabletofeedmorethanahundrednon-farmers”可知，现在一个美国人在农场里工作，可以养活100多个非农美国人，因此现代化让农民更加多产，让更多的人可以居住在城市里。Passage4年份体裁话题全文词数建议用时段首段