近几年考研英语一真题及答案

年硕士研究生入统一考试英语试题一)Ⅰof：followingtext.ChoosefornumberedblankandmarkB,DSHEETpointsideathatsomegroupsofpeoplemaythanhypothesesthatitsButCochranisitanyway.Heis2bird,whoworksindependently3Hepopularizeideathatsome4havecausewhicharousedMuchitwasfirstmight6ofheaboutTogetherwithscientists,heispublishingawhichnotonly7groupofhumanityisintelligentothers,butprocessinareapeopleoriginatedfromTheisThisgenerallydowellinIQtest,points10100,haveintellectualculturallifeofWest,12ofincludingthannastyascancer.These14havepreviouslybeenhasbeentosuchastrongtraditionofeducation.Thelatterseenasa（）geneticDr.Cochranintelligencediseasesare.ofpeoplethemuniqueevolutionarypressuresthathaveresultedinthisstateof[A]selected[B]prepared[D][A]unique[B]special[D][A][B]with[C]in[D][A]subsequently[B]presently[C]previously[D][A][B]So[C][D]Hence[A][B]sight[C][D][A]advises[B][C]protests[D][A]progress[B][C]need[D]question[A]attaining[B]common[D][A][B][C]mean[D]total[A]unconsciously[B]disproportionatelyindefinitely[D]unaccountably[A]missions[B][C][D][A]affirm[B]observe[D][A][B][D]meanwhile[A]givenup[B][C]carried[D]down[A]assessing[B]supervising[C][D][A][B]consequence[A]linked[B][C][D][A]limited[B]subjected[C][D][A][B]incompatible[C]inevitable[D]continuousⅡReadingComprehensionAReadthefollowingfourbeloweachtextchoosingA,C,D.MarkyouranswersonANSWER1.（points）Text1catching-uptomeninsomeofmodernlife,bewayaheadatleastareparticularlytodepressionanxietydisordersinresponsetotoaccordingYehuda,psychiatristNewAdministrationStudiesbothanimalsandhumansshownsomehowaffectsstressresponse,undertoproduceofthemalessameconditions.severalwhenfemalehadovaries（thefemale）removed,theirchemicaltoAddingaincreaseddoseofstresschemicals,areincreasedforstress.womencopetheyhavesomuchcopewith,Dr.Yehuda.fortoleratingstressevenbethanjustthatthey'redealingwithsobecomewornfromitvisiblyandbetweenIthinkkindsofthatexposedtotendbeinmoreoforrepeatednature.MengotoandcombatMenexposedtomorephysicalviolence.Thekindsinterpersonalthatareexposedbeindomesticby,parentsorotherfamilyandtheytoand-tearcomesfromtheserelationshipscanbeAdelineAlvarezgavebirthtoson,butwaddeterminedfinishIalotthecollegedegree.Iinsomuchfrustrationthatwasmytogotoschool,andgetaheadanddoLaterhermarriageendedbecamesinglethehardestthingtotakehaveanddebt.Ifromtoeveryoneexperienceskindsofseverechronicdescribes.arewithlotwithfewbreaks,andfeelingstrain.demonstratestheoffindingtostressbeforeityourandabilityfunction.21.offollowingisaccordingfirst[A]Womenbiologicallytostress.[B]Womensufferingcaused[C]Womenaremorethaninwith[D]Menandshowdifferentinclinationswith22.Dr.Yehuda'ssuggestswomen[A]dosesoftostress.[B]limitedfortoleratingAreavoiding[D]exposedto23.AccordingtoParagraph4,thewomen[A]temporary.[B]andand[D]trivialrandom.Ipaychecktopaycheck.（6,）[A]aboutnothingbut[B]barelycoveredherexpenses.[C]paychecksdifferentjobs.[D]Alvarezpaidcheck.25.offollowingwouldbetheforthetext?[A]Stress:NoWay[B]toDifferenceStressAnalysis:WhatChemicalsSay[D]WomenUnderText2Itbesostraightforward.Aofresearchersworkingtogetherinthelaboratoryoftheirresearchtoajournal.Aeditorwouldthenauthorsandaffiliationsfromthepaperitforreview.Dependingtheacceptthefororit.restedwithpublisher,andresearcherstosubscribetojournal.NoInternetandpressurefromarewhymakingfrombyrestrictingaccessit-toscientificaOrganizationforDevelopment（）justadescribingfar-reachingofthis.report,byinAustraliaandGrahamofthereadingforpublisherswhosofar,madeButitgoesfurtherthat.Itinhas,untilofscientificendeavor.Theofandthereturnonpublicinvestmentinresearchinupondistributionreadyaccess.ItisbigIncorepublishingmarketisestimatedbetween$7and$11billion.AssociationScientific,TechnicalandMedicalmore2,000worldwideinTheymoremillionarticlesinThistothescholarlynowareemerging;threeforaonlinethroughsite-licensingagreements.open-publishing,typicallysupportedasking（）payforpaperbepublished.Finally,therearewheresuchasorinternationalsupportinstitutionalrepositories.Otherofthesethree,wherejournalsallowonlyreadapaperforthesixmonths,makingitavailabletowhowishestoit.Allcouldtraditionalformofthepeer-reviewprocess,atleastforthe26.Inthefirstparagraph,author[A]backgroundinformationofjournal[B]thepublicationroutineofreports.[C]relationswithpublishers.[D]traditionalofWhichofthefollowingistrueoftheOECDreport?[A]Itcriticizesgovernment-fundedresearch.[B]Itintroducesaneffectivemeansofpublication.[C]Itpublishers.[D]Itscientific28.text,publicationsignificantin[A]itprovidesantoscientificresults.[B]itbringshugeprofitstoresearchers.[C]itemphasizestherole[D]itinvestmentinresearch.29.Withtheopen-accesspublishingofrequired[A]coverthecost[B]subscribetothejournalpublishing[C]allowtoit[D]completepeer-reviewbeforesubmission.30.followingbestthemain[A]isato[B]Anewmodeofis[C]for[D]Publicationisrenderedbyservice.Text3early1960sWiltChamberlainwasthreeplayersNationalAssociationNBA）listedatoverfeet.Ifhadlastwouldhavebeenone42.bodiesmajorprofessionalhaveyears,andmanagersbeenmorethantoteamuniformsfitthegrowingbigger,longerframes.Theinsports,though,beAmericansgenerallystoppedThoughabouttwoinchesnowtoday'speople-familieswhohaveinU.S.formanygenerations-apparentlytheirinearlyAndtheylikelytogetanytaller.Ingeneraltoday,we'vemuchgoneasascananthropologistofWrightofNBAplayers,theirincreaseinheightappearstoresultfromcommonpracticeofallworld.Growth,beyondagecaloriesandnutrientsnotably,feedAtstartofthecentury,andinway.diethealthimproved,childrenandadolescentshave,inbyanandahalfeveryyears,apatternknownseculartrendheight.YetaccordingtoforDiseaseControlPrevention,height-′9〞5〞forwomen-reallychangedsincethereareadvantagestoavoidingsubstantialheight.largerbabiesdifficultycanal.eventhoughhumanshaveuprightformillionsofyears,ourfeetandbackcontinuetowithpostureandcannotwithstandrepeatedoversizelimbs.realconstraintsthatsetbyofGeneticexpectthishappensoon.ClaireC.Armyin90oftheuniformsfitrecruitswithoutsaysthat,thoseforthemilitaryhasnotchangedforsometime.ifneedpredictheightinthenearfutureofGordonbyusetoday’sdataandfeelconfidenWiltChamberlaincitedan[A]oftheNBAplayerstheU.S[C]differentgenerationsplayers.[D]assessoffamousNBA32.followingplayskeyinbodygrowthaccording？[A][B]environment.[D]Daily33.Onfollowingstatementswouldauthoragree[A]nation.[B]heightconditionedbytheuprightposture.[C]aretallestaverageintheworld.[D]talleradulthood.34.Wetheinthenearfuture[A]industrywillreconsiderthe[B]themilitaryuniformswillremain[C]geneticwillbein[D]existinghumanwillbeapplicable.35.Thetexintendstellusthat[A]humanfollowsacyclic[B]ismore[C]havereachedgeneticlimit.[D]genetichasaltered.B：followingarticle,somehaveremoved.Questions41-45,mostsuitablelistA-Gfitintoofblanks.aretwowhichfitinofblanks.MarkyourANSWERSHEET（10points）Thetimepencils,ydesk,anddoingthinginsteadwritinghasended.firstdraftwillappearpageonlyifyoustopavoidingtheinevitablesit,orliewrite.（）flexible.Youryounext,donotpermitittoyou.Ifimportanttoyworkitintothedraft.（42Grammar,andspellingwaituntilyrevise.onwhatysaywritingmostyinhotpursuitofanideathananervousfor（43willeasiertokeeptrackwayand,ifhaveclipatoitelsewhere,youwillnitotherside.Ifyouareworkingayoucantakeadvantageofitstomakeadditionsdeletionsaswellentirebymakingafewkeyboardcommands.softwarecanandelementsinyourwriting.44）printoutsalsotothanscreenwhenyworkOnceyouhaveadraftyoucandeletematerialinyourthesisaddmaterialnecessarytoillustrateyourpointsmakeyourThewhowrote：A&PasaStateMindthatquestionedSammydisplayattitudestowardwomen.（）ydraftonlyYouthroughtimes-andworkingandclarifyyourYoumayendupentireversionsofsentenceswithinparagraphberelatedshouldonethetsothattherearenoabruptorAwkwardwordyunclearandbemercilesslyandproddedinto[A]Toleavewidemarginstrabetweenlinessoyoucaneasilyaddwords,andWriteonlyAfterhaveclearlyandadequatelythebodyofyourandconcludingIt''sprobablybestwriteafterknowareintroducing.equalattentiontheyleavefinalimpression.[C]worthremembering,thatacleancopyoffaprinterlookterrific,itwillwellandwritinghavegoneintoprudentlystoredataondisksandeachfinishanymaterialpowerfailuresor[D]Itmakesnoyouyoudo.Nowhavedevelopedaintotentativethesis,canyourbegintooutlinehave[E]isanithasnothingdothesis,whichhowsettingSammy'sdecisiontoquithisjob.includingparagraph,sheaddedonecrabbedtothegirlssothatcouldleaduptheA&Ppolicy[F]InfinalaboutofthesettinginA&P,reasonsSammyquitjobbyreferringtohistoLengel'sstorepolicies.ByfirstaofthinkingaboutwhatyoutoyouwilllikelymoreyourPlentyofgoodwritersallbutdiscoverprinciplesastheyDonotattemptperfectlycorrectfirst：followingtextandthentranslatetheintoYourbeclearlyANSWERSHEET（10）Darwinspeakspowerswithextraordinarymodesty.Heoutthatheinexpressingclearlyand（）believeshadthecompensatingofforcinghimtoaboutandthustodetectinreasoninginhisowndisclaimedheofanyapprehensiondistinguishedHuxley.47）asserted,hisalongpurelyabstractwaslimited,forwhichreasonfelthenevercouldsucceededwithmathematics.Histoo,hedescribedasextensive,poorinsensewasitnevercouldformoreafewdaysadateora（48）Ontheotherwellthechargemadebyofhisthat,whileheaobserver,ofthought,beOriginofSpeciesisfromthebeginningend,andconvincedmanyablemen.Noone,submits,coulditwithoutsomeHewaswillingassertIafairofinvention,commonoreverysuccessfullawyerormusthave,not,Ibelieve,anyhigher49）addshewasineasilyandininthelastyearofexpressedtheopinionthatinmindduringthetwentythirtyyears.toageofthirtybeyonditofgavegreatFormerly,pictureshimconsiderable,1881,：formanyIcannottoalineofpoetry.Ilosttasteforpicturesormusic.（）Darwinconvincedthethesetastesaofhappiness,mightpossiblyinjuriousintellect,moremoralcharacter.ⅢWritingA：YoucomefoundCDinyourforgotreturntoyourthere.Writehimaletterto））aYoushouldabout100wordson2.Dootsignyournameattheendoftheletter.“LiDoaddress.（points）B：ofonfollowingdrawing.yourshould）describebriefly,explainitsintendedmeaning,andyourYoushouldwriteonANSWERSHEET（points）2013年研英语一真题SectionIfollowingtext.ChooseforeachA,B,CorDonANSWERpoints)Peopleare,onwhole,pooratbackgroundinformationwhenmakingAtmightseema1theabilitymakejudgmentswhichareunbiasedbyfactors.Dr.Urithatinabilityconsiderthebig3tobedailyinformationtheyworkingwith.4,heaofapperaringtoosoftbemore7hesentencedorotherforcedcommunityonthatday.Tothisidea,turnedtouniversity-admissionsIntheofapplicantshouldonthe10randomlyinterviewthesamebutDr.Simonsohothetruth11studiedofMBAinterviewsadmissionsofficers.had13onascaleofonetofive.This14factorsintoThescores15inansontheGranduateManagentGMAT,astandardizedexamwhichis16outof800toadecisionontohimSimonsohofoundifofpreviousinseriesintervieweespointsorhigherofonethat,thenforthe18byaverageofpoints.Thismightsmall,19effectsofdecreaseacandidatecouldGMATpointshave20.[A]grants[D]delivers[A][C]crucial[D][A]issue[B]vision[A]For[B]principle[D]Above[A]fond[B]fearful[D][A]in[B]to[D]for[A]if[B]until[C][D][A]promote[B]emphasize[C]share[D]success[A]decision[B]quality[C]status[D]success[A]chosen[B]found[D]identified[A][B]replaceable[D]otherwise[A][B]conducted[D][A][B]rated[C]matched[D][A][B]got[C][D]took[A]instead[B]then[C][D]rather[A][B][C][D]introduced[A]before[B][C]above[D][A][B]drop[D][A][B][C]maintain[D]disregard[A][B][C]necessary[D]helpfulSectionIIComprehensionAReadthefollowingfourbeloweachtextchoosingA,D.MarkyouronANSWERText1InthefilmversionofTheDevilWearsPriestly,byMerylStreep,scoldsunattractivefothathigh’ther,PriestlythebluecoloroftheoverthefromtodepartmentsstoresandinThistop-ofthefashionbemoreoutofdateoddsthefeverishwouldinOverdressed,Clineindictmentof“fastfashion.thelastorso,advancesintechnologysuchasUniqlotoreacttoquicklyanticipatedemandmoreQuickermeanlessinventory,morerelease,moreThesestyle-consciousconsumerstoseeasdisposable-meantawashtwo,don’tthattofewByitemsdirt-cheapprices,Clinethesebrandscycles,accustomedarevolution,oftoForH&Ma$5.95knitminiskirtallits2,300-piusstoresaroundtheworld,itmustrelyonoverseaslabor,orderinvolumesstrainresources,andusechemicals.Overdressedisthe’sanswerconsumer-activistbestsellerslikeMichael’sOmnivore’sDilemma.“Mass-producedclothing,likefood,fillsaneed,yetisandClineshefinds,roughly20billiongarments64itemspermattertheygiveaway,excessleadstoTowardsintroducedheraBrooklynwoman2008hasallofownclothesandbeautifully.Buttheittohercraft;hercanbeknockedoff.Thoughseveralfast-fashionmadeeffortslaborenvironmentincludingH&M,withitsgreenCollectionlastingchangebycustomer.Sheidealismcommonadvocatesofbeitorinenergy.Vanityisaconstant;peoplewillonlymorethey’taffordto.21.Priestlycriticizesassistantfor[A]poorskill.[B]tofashion.[C]obsessionwithhighfashion.[D]imagination.22.Cline,labelsto[A]combatwaste.[B]shutoutthefeverishfashionworld.[C]influence[D]shopforfrequently.23.The(LinePara.2)isinmeaningto[A]accusation.[B]enthusiasm.[D]24.offollowinginferredfromthelase[A]hasmorefoundin[B]fast-fashionindustrysustainability.[C]inunaffordable[D]Pricingisvitaltoenvironment-friendly25.thesubject[A]Satireonan[B]toahigh-fashionmyth.[C]Criticismoffast-fashion[D]Text2Ansayinghasithalfallwasted-thetroubleis,onewhichhalf.Intheleast,thisfractionbe.Bywatchingpeoplefor,clickonandonline,canaim“behaviouraladsatthosebuy.Incoupleofaquarrelhasthevaluetoofsuchfine-grainedpeoplearebeandsentOrshouldtheyhave2010FederalTradenottracktointernetbrowsers,souserscouldadwertiserstheydidwantbefollowed.Microsoft'sExplorerofferChromeistodoyear.InFebruaryFTCDigltalAdwertisingthattheindustryDNT31stMicrosoftSetoffItInternetdueappear8,haveDNTasItnotyetclearhowwillrespond.signaldoesnotstophavedoUnabletotellwhethersomeoneobjectstobehaviouralorwhethertheyarewithsdefault,somemayignoreaDNTandpressonanyway.AlsoMicrosoftgoneitalone.all,ithasanbusinessitsayswillcomplywithDNTitisstillworkingIfitistryingupsetwhichalmostondefaultwillthenorm.notpointfor8-thoughfirmcomparedofotherproductsfavourablyGoogle'sonthatBrendonMicrosoft'schiefprivacyofficer,believeconsumershavemorecontrol."Coulditreallysimple?26.Itissuggested1thatadshelpadvertisersto:[A]competition[B]operationalavoidcomplaintsfrom[D]providebetteronlineservices27.“Theindustryto:[A]online（研网理[B]e-commerceconductors[C]digitalinformationanalysis[D]browserdevelopers28.LiodiceholdsthatDNTasadefault[A]cutads[B]failsaffectindustrywillbenefit[D]against29.whichofthefollowingisto[A]DNTserveitsintendedpurpose[B]AdvertisersareDNTisitspopularityamongconsumers[D]tooffer30.author'stowardsBrendonsaidinhisof:[A][B]understandingappreciaction[D]skepticismText3Nowutopiahasgrownunfashionable,gainedadeeperofrangefacingus,fromstriketopandemicflutomightevenhumanityfutureto.Butmisplaced.Thefossilrecordshowsspecieshavefor-whyshouldn'twe?broaderatspecies'placeintheitanexcellentoffortens,ifnothundreds,ofthousandsof(see"100,000Livinginsapiensthe"Redofspecies,willread:"ListedConcernspecieswidelydistributed,adaptable,theremajorinanoverallpopulationdecline."owhatdoesourfutureAnowthinkingseriouslyaboutthatquestion.FortheNowinSanFrancisco,awhereofoverlongflagshipprojectismechanicaldeepamountaininTexas,thatismarkingarescientistsgivingseriousconsiderationideathatshouldrecogniseera:Anthropocene.They,too,thecamerarightaskingwill-time.itthinkaboutthanaboutmoreimmediatefuture.oftoday'stechnology,anditssocialconsequences,iscomplicated,it'sscience-fictionfuturologiststoexplorepossibilitiescanenvisage.whywelaunchedanewpublicationdedicatedneartakealongerviewandwithAssotothenowoftheandspecies,makeevidence-basedinwillfindThislongmakesthepessimisticofseemmoretoapassingbefutureisrosy:whileourspeciesagreatmayButwenowtomitigateofthethatexistenceofandtolotthosetocome.ourintimeisagoodonusandmakefutureworthlivingin.31.Ourvisionbeinspiredby[A]ourforoffulfillment[B]inscienceteched[C]awarenessofpotential[D]bdiefinopportunity32.TheIUCNListthaton[A]athewordspowerthe[D]33.thefollowingParagraph[A]Archelpslimitthestudies.[B]Technologyofferssolutionsto[C]Theinterestinfictionison[D]futurehard34.futureofit[A]ourplanetsabundant[B]adoptoptimisticworld.[C]the[D]curbourtoreshape35.offollowingwouldbetheforthetext?[A]UncertaintyaboutOur[B]EvolutionofSpeciesEver-brightProspectsof[D]andText4Text4threeSupremeknockedoutmuchofsimmigrationlawmodestpolicyvictoryfortheAdministration.Buttheimportantmatterofthedecisionan0defeatfortheAdministrationstoupsetthebalancefederalgovernmentnArizonav.UnitedthemajoritythreeoffourprovisionsArizonascontroversialtostatepoliceenforcefederallaw.thatWashingtonalonehasthepowertoauniformRuleNaturalizationandthatlawsstatelawsarenoncontroversialArizonahadattemptedtopoliciesthatparalleltoexistingones.Kennedy,joinedbyChiefJusticeJohnandtheCourtsruledflewtooOntheprovisionsmajoritythecongress“occupiedthehadonsprivilegedthatbeallowedlegalofincontactlawsbecausehasjointenforcementexplicitlyencouragesstateinformationandcooperatewithTwooftheobjectingJustice-SamuelAlitoandClarencewiththisConstitutionaldisagreedwhichrulesmajorobjectioncameJusticeAntoninanstateprivilegesgoingtothealienObamaonwhatSamuelAlitodescribesinas“ashockingassertionof.TheWhiteHousearguedthatsitsenforcementifstatelawsfederaltheWhiteclaimedthatitcouldanyotherwiselegitimatestatelawitwith.powersdobelongfederalcontroltheamongButifCongresswantedusingownimmigrationitcould.Itneverdidso.ThewasinassertingitdidntwanttocarryoutCongressswishes,stateshouldbedoJusticerightlyrejectedclaim.36.ofArizonasplanwereoverturnedbecause[A]Constitutional[B]disturbedpowerbalancebetweendifferent[C]law.[D]bothfederalpolicies.37.whichofthefollowingdidJusticestoParagraph4?[A]FederalofficetowithholdimmigrantsStatesindependencefromimmigrationroleinimmigrationsinterventionimmigrationenforcement.38.ItcanbeinferredParagraph5thatAlienSedition[A]underminedthe[C]thefederalstatute.[D]stoodinfavorof39.Whitepowerof[A]outweighsthatheldbytheonthe[C]by[D]rarelygoesstatelaws.40.theparagraph?[A]Immigrationaredecidedby[B]intendedtopower[C]Justicesits[D]Administrationisdominantoverissues.Bfollowingarticle,somehaveremoved.Questions41-45,mostsuitablelistA-Gfitintoofblank.aretwoextranotfitingaps.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEETThesocialsciencesarewereasocialscientistsallintheworld,workinginsideoutsideacademia.AccordingWorldSocialReportnumberofsocial-scienceworldwideswollenby11%sinceYetthisenormousinnotcontributingenoughto’sglobalincludingclimatehastheagro-technologicaltoolscropsarificialfertilizersHere,too,problemssocial:organizationanddistributionfood,anda—shouldbethetoraiseitsintheworld.greatscientistJosephSchumpeter:therenoradicalcreativesocialsciencesareonandscholarlyontopicswithimpact.Analysesrevealthepapersincludingkeywords“environmentalchangedor“climate”socialscientiststacklepractical,theirscopeisoftenlocal:BelgiumintheeffectsBelgiumforthecommunity’scontributestoanoverallaccumulationknowledgeproblemisnotnecessarilytheamountfunding(44)____thisisamountitaimedintherightdirection.Socialscientistsaboutlackofnotexpectmoreintoday’sThetrickistofundsEuropeanUnionprogramshavelongcategorytargetedatscientists.Thissystembe2020,abein2014,wouldnothavecategoryhasinprotestsfromsocialtheintentionisnotto;shouldcreatecollaborativeandtodevelopatproblems.[A]Itcouldbethataresocialscientists:onediscipline-orientedandpublishinginspecializedjournals,andonethatispublishingaspolicy[B]However,thenumbersarestill100,000social-sciencespublishedofKeywords.[C]theideaforcetotheirworkwithotherincludingandchangeandthebio-economy,efficientenergy;andsecure[D]solutionistochangemindsetofacademicwhatitconsidersbegoal.Globaloughttoattentionfromones.[E]issueshaverootinallrequirechangeandinnovationsaswelldevelopmentclimate,for,aspatternsandacceptanceasitisdevelopingcleanenergy.[F]socialseem.Andin,upinaproposaltofundingcategoryforscienceandtoitwithincross-cuttingsustainable.[G]Duringthelate,spendingonsocialsciencesandthehumanitiesapercentagealldevelopmentfunds-includinghighereducation,profitandfromaround25%;inmost,itaboutSectionIIIfollowingtextandthentranslatetheintoYourtranslationshouldbewrittenclearlyonANSWERSHEET(10followingtextandthentranslatetheintoYourtranslationshouldbewrittenclearlyonANSWERSHEET(10Itisthatgardensabasicintheindividualswhothem:forcreativenodoubtgardensevidenceimpossiblefashion,andhumanurge;whenphotographsofbythehomeless,itthat,foralltheirdiversityofstyles,gardensspeakosvariousotherurges,thatofdecorationandcreativeOneoftheseurgestowithastatepeaceinthemidstofa“stillofthetophraseT.S.placeofitadistinctlyasopposedshelte