自考英语二教材课文讲义unit3

Unit3FriendshipandLoyaltyI.NewwordsandexpressionsNewwordsreflectionn.（对于某主题的）思虑，回想loyaltyn.忠诚；忠实；赤胆忠心recognizev.认可；意识到betrayv.辜负；对不忠indeedadv.其实；实质上virtuen.崇高的道德；正直的品性；品德trendn.趋势；趋势；偏向；动向；动向befriendv.做（尤指需要帮助者的）朋友；友好相待requestv.（礼貌或正式地）恳求，要求trendyadj.时兴的；赶时兴的multituden.众多；大批mutualadj.共有的；共同的mutualrespect/understanding辨析：mutual/manual/manure/mature/menu/mentaltermn.词语；术语：措辞siten.网站；站点acronymn.首字母缩略词优选perishv.丧失；湮灭；毁坏thoughtn.想法；见解；想法；记忆gossipn.流言流言challengev.考察的能力；考验的技巧akinadj.相像的；近似的depositn.存款accountn.账户accountantcurrentaccountdepositaccountinterestn.利息well-beingn.健康；安乐；康乐welfaren.（个体或集体的）幸福，安全与健康essencen.实质；实质；精华seekv.找寻28.notorietyn.恶名；坏名望notorious相当于infamouspremisen.前提；假设；exploitv.利用（为自己谋利）reconnectv.再联系；再联系virtualadj.（经过计算机软件，如在因特网上）模拟的，虚构的assurev.使确信；向保证优选assuresb.ofsth.assuresb.thatcautionn.警示；劝告lyricn.歌词undisputedadj.不行置疑的；毫无疑问的；不行争论的generationn.（统称）一代人，同代人，平辈人generationgapfourgenerationslivingunderthesameroofPhrasesandExpressionsstickby坚持忠于；不离不弃（某人）2.throughthickandthin不畏困难险阻gothroughthickandthinleadto致使，造成（结果）4.amultitudeof众多的；大批的5.perishthethought甭想了；希望不会这样6.engagein（使）从事，参加7.inessence实质上assureof使放心；向保证9.payattentionto注意10.warnof警示某人某事II.TextLearning优选Reflections:Friendshipandloyalty①Howmanyofusrecognizetrueloyaltyinafriend?Loyaltyconsistsof（参照Unit1，TextA）afriend,whowillstickbyyou,throughthickandthin.Afriendwhoisalwayshonestwithyouandneverbetraysthefriendshipwithliesisaloyalfriend.Ifyouhavealoyalfriend,youhaveindeedfoundatruevirtueinthatfriend.（承上句）②Thecurrenttrendontheinternetisbefriendinganyonewhorequeststobeyourfriend.However,thisnewtrendmayleadtodisasters.（承上句）Itmaybepopularandtrendytohaveanetworkfilledwithamultitudeofmutualfriends.However,onetrueloyalfriendmaybetheonlyfriendyouneed.③AtermusedonthepopularFacebooksiteisB.F.F.Thisacronymmeansbestfriendsforever.Aretheyreallyyourbestfriendsforever?Youmightaskyourselfthisquestion,"WilltheysharemyprivatematterswithothersonthepagesofFacebook,orperishthethought,engageingossipaboutmewithothers?"(1)Iftheanswertothatis,"Idon'tknow",morethanlikely,theywillnotbeyourbestfriendsforever.Maybenot,evenforaday.本部分要点及难点：1.Iftheanswertothatis,"Idon'tknow",morethanlikely（很有可能）,theywillnotbeyourbestfriendsforever.morethanlikely:verylikelymorethanhappy:veryhappymorethanpleased:verypleased优选请仔细答题，答题结果将记入知识点测评的成绩！【单项选择题】6.Heis_______willingtoshallhishappinesswithus.?A．more?B．morethan?C．enough?D．too【答案】B【分析】此题考察morethan+adj.。"morethan"后接形容词相当于"very+形容词"，本句中morethanwilling意为"特别愿意"。句子的意思是"他特别愿意同我们分享他的幸福。"注意D选项：tooto意为"太以致于不可以"意思不符。【知识点】morethan+adj④IchoosetohaveaB.L.F.,abestloyalfriend,forthoseofyouwhomaybechallengedbytheuseofacronymsduringthisageoftechnologyandfast-talking.⑤(2)LoyaltyfoundinafriendisakintomakingadepositinabankaccountMore.oftenthannot,yourdepositsgaininternet,aninternetinyourwell-beingandwelfare.Aloyalfriendattractsanotherloyalfriend.(3)Inessence,waterdoesseekitsownlevel.（承上、总结的句子）⑥(4)IfyouwereaB.L.F.waybeforeFacebookgainednotoriety,thenI'msureyouunderstandthepremiseofloyaltyinafriend.YoushouldneverexploityourB.L.F.togainmorefriendsormakeyourselfseemmoreimportanttoothers.Thesearenotthetraitsofabestloyalfriend.（承上句）优选⑦Abestloyalfrienddoesnotcarewhoisinvitedtoyourparty.Theywillattendyourpartyandcelebrateyou,justinthewayabestloyalfriendshoulddo.ReconnectingwithabestloyalfriendiseasiertodoonthepagesofFacebook.However,avirtualfrienddoesnotassureyouofhisloyalty.Mycautiontoyouisthatyou'dbetterpayattentiontothesmilingfacesontheFacebookpages.Intheeightieswewerewarnedofsmilingfacesinasong,whichcontainedtheselyrics,"Asmileisjustafrownturnedupsidedown,myfriend."Now,thatistheundisputedtruthformygeneration.本部分要点及难点：2.Loyaltyfoundinafriendisakintomakingadepositinabankaccount.(1)akinto:similarto(2)makeadepositinabankaccount往银行账户存款makewithdrawalsfromabankaccount3.Inessence,waterdoesseekitsownlevel.实质上，水自然会向下贱--朋友间老是惺惺相惜。4.IfyouwereaB.L.F.waybeforeFacebookgainednotoriety,thenI'msureyouunderstandthepriiseofloyaltyinafriend.way（与介词或副词连用，增强程度）veryfar很远如：Shefinishedtheracewayaheadoftheotherrunners.她第一个跑到终点，远远领先于其余选手。Theshotwaswayofftarget.此次射的远离目标。Thepriceiswayabovewhatwecanafford.价钱高得我们绝应付不起。优选wayback:alongtimeago好久从前Ifirstmethimwayback.我和他首次会面时好久从前的事了。部分练习解说P149BridgingtheGapDirections:Fillintheblankswithawordoraphrasethatbestcompletesthepassage.Youmaychooseasuitableonefromthelistgiven.解题方法：把词分类while(连词)share(动词/名词)on（介词）unique（形容词）whatever（连结词）that（关系代词/指示代词/连结词）opposites（名词）acoupleof（数词）personalities（名词）wisely（副词）Inthedailydramaandcomedyofourlife,it'snicetohavefriends.___1While___familyisextremelyimportant,friendsareadifferentsupportsystemofyourchoosing.Asthesayinggoes,youcan'tchooseyourfamily,butyoucanchooseyourfriends."Choosingthem___2wisely___canmakeyourlifemoreexcitingandinspiring.Decidingwhomyouchooseasyourfriendssaysasmuchaboutyouasitdoesthem.Youmaychooseyourfriendsbased___3on___similarinterests.Youmaychoosethembecauseyou'rebothpolar___4opposites___ofeachotherandfindthisinterestingandintriguing.Often,friendsbecome"friends"becausetheynaturallygravitate（被吸引）towardseachotherbecauseofsimilar___5personalities___andtemperaments.Sometimesit'sjustcircumstances___6that___bringtwoindividualstogetherwhothenbecomefriends.优选___7Whatever___promptsafriendship,developingoneisaveryrewardingexperience.Thisisespeciallytruewhen,beforeyouknowit,acertainfriendshipturnsintoa___8unique___lifelongclosefriendship.Again,it'sbeensaidthatapersonnormallyhasonly___9acoupleof___veryclosefriendsintheirlife.Thinkofwhomyoudeemastrulyclosefriends.Thesearethoseselectindividualsyoucanconfidein（信任，流露秘密）and___10share___deepthoughtsandconcernswith,withoutanyreservations.I.NewwordsandexpressionsNewwordstributen.（尤指对死者的）致敬；哀悼；悼念礼品rearv.抚育；养育；培育比较：rear/rareungratefuladj.不承情的；背恩忘义的比较：ungrateful/disgracefultraitorn.背叛者；叛徒；卖国贼faithn.相信；相信；信心reputationn.声誉；名望proneadj.易于发生某事的；很可能的malicen.歹意；恼恨malicioussettlev.把放好；安置absoluteadj.一定的；无疑的；明确的unselfishadj.无私的；忘我的；不谋私利的优选selflessselfishadj.自私的desertv.扔掉，离弃，遗弃（某人）desserttreacherousadj.不行相信的；背叛的；奸诈的prosperityn.兴盛；繁华；成功；鼎盛sperousadj.16.povertyn.贫困；贫困poorpoverty-strickenconscience-strickengrief-strickenpanic-strickensicknessn.疾病；不健康wintryadj.冬季的；严寒的fiercelyadv.剧烈地lickv.舔soren.痛点；伤处；疮woundn.（心灵上的）伤，创伤roughnessn.艰辛；困难guardn./v.警卫；保卫；捍卫优选securityguardlifeguardbodyguardblackguardpaupern.穷人；穷人；乞丐constantadj.不变的；固定的；恒定的journeyn.（尤指长途）旅游，行程28.heavenn.(theheavens[pl.]天空29.outcastn.被扔掉者；被排挤者30.friendlessadj.没有朋友的homelessadj.无家的faithfuladj.忠实的；忠诚的privilegen.特别利益；优惠待遇accompanyv.陪伴；陪伴accompanysb.totheairportaccompanysb.onthepianoscenen.事件；场面；情形embracen.拥抱pursuev.追求；致力于pursuitinhotpursuitofsb./sth.inpursuitofthesun优选pawn.（动物的）爪alertadj.警备的；警惕的；警戒的watchfulnessn.警惕PhrasesandExpressions1.turnagainst背叛2.beproneto易于standby支持；帮助；忠于4.takewings飞走falltopieces崩溃；坍毁；解体TextLearningATributetotheDog1Thebestfriendamanhasinthisworldmayturnagainsthimandbecomehisenemy.（主题句）Hissonordaughterwhomhehasrearedwithlovingcaremayproveungrateful.(1)Thosewhoarenearestanddearesttous,trustthosewithwhomourwehappinessandgoodourname,maybecometraitorstotheirfaith.2Themoneythatamanhashemaylose.Itfliesawayfromhim,perhapswhenheneedsitmost.（承上句）(2)Aman'sreputationmaybesacrificedinamomentofill-consideredaction.(3)Thepeoplewhoarepronetofallontheirkneestodoushonorwhensuccessiswithusmaybethefirsttothrowthestoneofmalicewhenfailuresettlesitsclouduponourheads.unselfishfriendamanmayhaveinTheoneabsolute,thisselfishworld,theonethatneverdesertshim,theonethatneverprovesungrateful优选ortreacherous,ishisdog.本部分要点及难点：1.Thosewhoarenearestanddearesttous,thosewhomwetrustwithourhappinessandourgoodname,maybecometraitorstotheirfaith(1)thosewhomwetrustwithourhappinessandourgoodname，定语从句中whom是trust的宾语，即trustwhomwithourhappinessandourgoodname我们把自己的幸福和声誉都寄望在他们身上(2)trustsb.withsth.信得过，交托，寄望I'dtrusthimwithmylife.我把命交给他都放心。1.Aman'sreputationmaybesacrificedinamomentofill-considered（欠考虑的，考虑不周的）action.ill-considered欠考虑的（联合Unit1讲过的ill-informed）ill-humored/good-humoredill-bred/well-bredill-intentioned/well-intentionedill-informed/well-informed3.Thepeoplewhoarepronetofallontheirkneestodoushonorwhensuccessiswithusmaybethefirsttothrowthestoneofmalicewhenfailuresettlesitsclouduponourheads.(1)bepronetodosth.简单，偏向于(2)fallonone'sknees下跪(3)dosb.honor向某人表示敬意优选译文：当我们功成名就，一些人奴颜婢膝全力讨好；当失败的阴云笼盖在我们的头顶，那些人又可能最初对我们乘人之危。3Aman'sdogstandsbyhiminprosperityandinpoverty,inhealthandinsickness.（主题句）Hewillsleeponthecoldgroundwhenthewintrywindsblowandthesnowdrivesfiercely,ifonlyhecanbenearhismaster'sside.Hewillkissthehandthathasnofoodtooffer.Hewilllickthesoresandwoundsthatcomeintheencounterwiththeroughnessoftheworld.Heguardsthesleepofhispaupermasterasifhewereaprince.（承上、总结的句子）4Whenallotherfriendsdesert,heremains.(4)Whenrichestakewingsandreputationfallstopieces,heisasconstantinhisloveasthesuninitsjourneythroughtheheavens.(5)Iffortunedrivesthemasterfor