纵览中国文化ChineseCulture-课件

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ChineseCultureOverviewChina,anancient,mysteriousandbeautifulland,isproudofher1.3billionpeople,fivethousandyears’history,resplendentcultureanddistinctivecustoms.Chinese'fourgreatinventions‘(paper,gunpowder,printingandthecompass)arehergreatestgiftstotheworld.Chineseartsandcrafts,includingpainting,calligraphy,operas,embroideryandsilkaredistinctiveandunique.ChineseMartialarts,whichhaveonlyrecentlybeguntoenjoypopularityacrosstheworld,havebeenpartofChinesecultureforcenturies,Chinesecuisinehasbeenexportedtoeverycorneroftheglobe.TraditionalChineseCulture信息平台业务流程设计原则TraditionalFestivalChineseFolkArtsChineseArchitectureChineseCuisineTraditionalChineseCultureReligion&PhilosophySpringFestival

TherearemanytraditionalfestivalsinChina,suchas

SpringFestival,LanternFestival,DragonBoatFestival,Mid-AutumnFestival.ButSpringFestival,alsoknownasChinesenewyear,isthemostimportantinourculture,justasimportantasChristmasDayinwesternculture.TraditionalFestivalTheoriginofNianOnelegendgoesthatthebeastNianhadaverybigmouththatwouldswallowagreatmanypeoplewithonebite.Peoplewereveryscared.Oneday，anoldmancametotheirrescue，offeringtosubdueNian.ToNianhesaid，Ihearsaythatyouareverycapable，butcanyouswallowtheotherbeastsofpreyonearthinsteadofpeoplewhoarebynomeansofyourworthyopponents？So，itdidswallowmanyofthebeastsofpreyonearththatalsoharrassedpeopleandtheirdomesticanimalsfromtimetotime.Afterthat，theoldmandisappearedridingthebeastNian.Heturnedouttobeanimmortalgod.NowthatNianisgoneandotherbeastsofpreyarealsoscaredintoforests，peoplebegintoenjoytheirpeacefullife.Beforetheoldmanleft，hehadtoldpeopletoputupredpaperdecorationsontheirwindowsanddoorsateachyear'sendtoscareawayNianincaseitsneakedbackagain，becauseredisthecolorthebeastfearedthemost.SpringFestival

TheoriginofSpringFestival—”Nian”,lunaryear.

15-daycelebration—reunionandthanksgivingNewYear'sEveDinnerFireworksDuiLian

TraditionalFestivalChineseDumpling--themostimportantfoodsinChineseNewYearFireworksareusedtoscarethebeast“Nian”andtogetridofillluckReflectthebestwishestotheupcomingyearChineseFolkArts业务流程ChinesefolkartsTraditionalFestivalMartialArtsBeijingOperaTwospecialartsBeijingOperaBeijingoperaisthemostinfluentialoperainChinaandhasahistoryofaround200years.Itsynthesizestheartsof

singing,dancing,recitation,martialarts,andinstrumentalmusic.

BeijingOperaTherearefourmainrolesinBeijingOpera:

ShengDanJingChouThefacialpaintingisworthappreciatingforitsartisticvalueChineseOperaMask,GuanYuRedColorRedindicatesdevotion,couragebravery,uprightnessandloyalty.Atypical"redfullface"isGuanYu,generaloftheperiodoftheThreeKingdoms(220-280),famedforhisfaithfulnesstohisEmperor,LiuBei.

ChineseOperaMask,ZhangFeiBlackColorBlacksymbolizesroughnessandfierceness.Theblackfaceindicateseitheraroughandboldcharacteroranimpartialandselflesspersonality.TypicaloftheformerareGeneralZhangFeiwithablackcrossbutterflyface(oftheRomanceoftheThreeKingdoms)andLiKui(ofWaterMargin),andofthelatterisBaoGong(aliasBaoZheng),thesemi-legendaryfearlessandimpartialjudgeoftheSongDynasty

ChineseOperaMask,CaoCao

WhiteColorWhitesuggeststreacherousness,suspiciousnessandcraftiness.Commonlyseenonthestageisthewhitefaceforthepowerfulvillain.Ithighlightsallthatisbadinhumannature:cunning,craftiness,andtreachery.TypicalcharactersareCaoCao,powerfulandcruelprimeministerinthetimeoftheThreeKingdoms,andQinHui,treacherousSongDynastyprimeministerwhoputthenationalheroYueFeitodeath.Caocaowithawaterywhitefaceistheleadingcharacterintheopera"MeetingoftheElite."

ChineseOperaMask,XiaHoudunBlueColorBluerepresentsstaunchness（坚定的）,fiercenessandastuteness（机敏的）.ShownisXiahouDunwithablueface,CaoCao'smosttrustedgeneralintheoperaBowangSlope."

MartialArts(Wushu)AnyonewhohasseenclassicalChineseKungFumovieswillbedeeplyimpressedbytheChineseWushu,whichiscalledKungFuorChinesemartialartsinthewest.

DoyouknowBruceLee,JetLiorJackieChan?MartialArts(Wushu)WushuisanimportantanduniquecomponentofChineseculturalheritagewithcenturiesofculturalhistoryattached.

WushunotonlyincludesphysicalexercisebutalsoChinesephilosophy,meditationandaesthetics.ChineseArchitecture业务流程ArchitectureAChinesestructureisbasedontheprincipleofbalanceandsymmetry.Officebuildings,residences,temples,andpalacesallfollowtheprinciplethatthemainstructureistheaxis.Thesecondarystructuresarepositionedastwowingsoneithersidetoformthemainroomandyard.ThedistributionofinteriorspacereflectsChinesesocialandethnicalvalues.ThelayoutoftheForbiddenCity(ImperialPalace)inBeijingwasalsodesignedinlinewiththetraditionalsystemwithitsgrandhallsinfrontandlivingquartersbehind,allbuiltalongthecentralaxisfromnorthtosouth.Thosegrandhalls,asymbolofcenter,weretheplacesfortheemperortoissuehisedicts,knownastheOuterPalace.Locatedatthebackalongthecentralaxisweretheresidencesoftheemperorandhisconsorts,knownastheInnerPalace.Buttheresidencesoftheemperor’sfather,empressdowager,greatconsortandheir-apparentshouldbebuiltonbothsidesoftheformer.Thelayoutremarkablystressedtheimportanceofhierarchyintraditionalculture,givingprominencetothesupremeauthoritiesofaruleroffeudalsociety.TraditionalChineseCultureChineseCuisineChineseArchitectureChineseFolkArtsTraditionalFestivalReligion&PhilosophyShanghaifood,ontheotherhand,usesalotofoilandsoysauce.Onthesurface,thisstyledoesn’tseemtogoalongwithShanghaipeople’spreferencefordelicacyandtenderness.ButifyoutakeacloserlookatthelifestyleinShanghai,youwillbeabletoappreciatewhythisisso.OnceIwasinvitedtodinnerwithaShanghaifamilyandtheycutthefishintotwoportions,savingoneportionforanothermeal.Sothefourofusendedupsharinghalfafish,togetherwithafewotherdishes,noneofwhichwereverybig.ThisiswhenIcametounderstandtheroleofthickoilandsoysauce.

Shandongfoodtendstohighlighttasteandcolorinordertosatisfytheappetiteforboth.

ThisissimilartoknowingapersonfromShangdong.Atfirstsightthatpersonmaylooktoughandunrestrained,butonceyougettoknowhimbetter,youwillfindheisinfactveryrefinedandsensitive.Onlypeoplewithsuchqualitiescandevelopaculinarystylethatisatonceneutralandbalanced,andabletoappealtoallappetites.BeijingRoastDuck

BeijingRoastduckisthoughttobeoneofthemostdeliciousdishesallovertheworld;mostvisitorscomingtoBeijingwillneverforgettohaveatry.First,thechefwillshowyouthewholeduck.Then,hewillsliceitintoaboutonehundredandtwentypieceswithbothskinandmeatforeach.Usuallytheduckisservedtogetherwithspecialpancakes,hollowedsesamebun,greenonionsandsweetsauce.Dinnerscanwrapduckslices,onion,andsauceinapancakeorasesamebunwiththeirbarehands.Sometimespeoplewouldliketoputinmashedgarlicandcucumberorcarrotstripsaswell.TraditionalChineseCultureReligion&PhilosophyChineseCuisineChineseArchitectureChineseFolkArtsTraditionalFestivalChineseReligionandPhilosophyThethreemainChinesereligionsare

BuddhismTaoismConfucianism

ThesethreemainreligionshaveinteractedwithoneanotherthroughoutthetwothousandsyearsofChinesehistory.

Religion&PhilosophyBuddhismBuddhismwasfirstintroducedfromIndiaasearlyas166AD.ItgainedthesupportoftheimperialcourtandsincethenithasbeendominatingChinaformanycenturies.

TaoismTaoismistheChinesereligionwhichbelievesinghostsandspirits.ItoriginatedfromaChineseschoolofphilosophywhichemphasizedcooperationwiththenaturalforces.Confucianism

ConfucianismwasoriginallythephilosophyofConfuciuswhostressedthemaintenanceofastablesystemofinter-personalrelationshipsatdifferentlevelsofsociety.TheAnalects

Confucianism

TheConfuciantraditionhasalonghistoricallegacyinEastAsiaextendingfromChinaacrossKoreaandJapanandintoVietnam.Despitetheenormoushistoricalvariations,culturalparticularities,andnationaldifferencesintheregion,therearecertaincentralideasandvalueswhichhavespreadacrossthearea,andevenhaveinfluencedourmodernlife.

Theembeddednessofeachpersoninconcentriccirclesofrelationshipsandethicalresponsibilities,Theimportanceofthefamily

Theimportanceofahierarchicalsocialsystem

ThesignificanceofeducationBusinessculture&etiquette信息平台业务流程设计原则Relationship&“Face”GiftGivingDiningEtiquetteBusinessculture&etiquette

Businessculture&etiquetteChinaisbecomingverymuchaeconomicpowerhouse.

UsefulTips！

Relationship&“Face”ChinesepeoplecaremoreaboutthesocialrelationshipthanbusinessrelationshipindoingthebusinessGivingface(givingduerespect)isaveryimportantconceptinChina.Youmustgivetheappropriaterespectaccordingtorankandseniority.

GiftGivingDonotgiveclocks.Clocksareassociatedwithdeath.Donotgiveknives,scissors,etc.ItimpliestheseveringofarelationshipDonotexpectthatagiftwillbeopenedimmediately

Avoidgivingthingstopeopleingroupsoffour,sincethenumberfourinChineseisahomonymfortheword'death'.NevergiveaChinesegentlemanagreenhat.Itisassociatedwithadultery.！DiningEtiquetteIfyouaretheguest,waittobeseatedashierarchyisinvolvedEatingusuallybeginsoncethehostoffersthefirstdrink.UsetheservingchopsticksorturnyourchopsticksaroundwhenusethemtoserveothersAvoiddroppingchopsticksasitisconsideredbadluck.！exercises1.TraditionalChinesecultureincludes___,___,____,____and____.2.TheForbiddenCitywasbuiltwithits______infrontand______behind,allbuiltalong_________.3.ThethreemainChinesereligionsare____,____and_____.4.WhataretheeightmajorculinarystylesinChina?TraditionalChinesecultureisbeginningto1.________oftheworld.ThisistrueevenaspopularculturethathastraditionallybeenconsideredWesternbeginstospread