高中外研必修四高一4课件grammar

Grammar1AdverbialclauseofconditionLookatthesesentencesfromthepassage.Ifyousaytheword“communication”,mostpeoplethinkofwordsandsentences.Weuse“learned”bodylanguagewhenweareintroducedtostrangers.Nowtickthetruestatements.Thesentencesfromthepassage.

1.describecommonsituations.2.describeimpossiblesituations.3.useiforwhentointroducethesituation.4.explaintheresultofthesituationintheotherpartofthesentence.5.usethepresentsimpletenseinbothpartsofthesentence.我们知道,引导条件状语从句最常用的连词是if,由if引导的条件状语从句表示在某种条件下某事很可能发生。如:如果你请他帮忙,他会帮你的。Ifyouaskhim,hewillhelpyou.Answers:1,3,4,5Ifyoufailintheexam,youwilllethimdown.如果你考试不及格,你会让他失望的。另外,if从句还表示不可实现的条件或根本不可能存在的条件,也就是一种虚拟的条件或假设,从句多用一般过去时或过去完成时。如:IfIwereyou,Iwouldinvitehimtotheparty.如果我是你,我会邀请他参加聚会。IwouldhavearrivedmuchearlierifIhadnotbeencaughtinthetraffic.如果没有堵车,我会到的早一点儿。其他的连词:unlessconj.除非,若不,除非在…的时候

Youwillfailtoarrivethereintimeunlessyoustartearlier.

如果你不早点动身,你就不能及时赶到那儿。

Unlessitrains,thegamewillbeplayed.除非下雨,比赛将照常进行。2.oncondition(that)...在……条件下,如果;oncondition(that)...引导的条件从句是主句事件发生的前提条件或唯一条件。

Icantellyouthetruthonconditionthatyoupromisetokeepasecret.

我可以告诉你真相,条件是你答应保守秘密。Youcangoswimmingoncondition(that)youdon’tgotoofarfromtheriverbank.你只有在不远离河岸的条件下才可以下水游泳。3.supposingconj.如果,假如

supposing引导的条件从句表示一种假设条件Supposingitrains,shallwecontinuethesportsmeeting?倘若下雨,我们的运动会还要继续举行吗?Supposingsomethingshouldgowrong,whatwouldyoudothen?假如出了什么问题,你准备怎么对付?4.providedconj.假如,除非,以……为条件

provided(that)+从句表示一种假设条件。

Hewillsignthecontractprovidedweoffermorefavorableterms.如果我们提出更优惠的条件,他就会在合同上签字。Hewon’tbeagainstusinthemeetingprovidedthatweaskforhisadviceinadvance.如果我们提前征求一下他的意见,他就不会在会上反对我们。另外还有incase,as/solongasIncaseitrains,donotexpectme.如若下雨,就不要等我了。Aslongasyoupromisetocome,I’llwaitforyouuntilyoucome.只要你答应,我就等你来。从上述例句可以看出if,unless,oncondition(that),supposing,provided等词引导的条件状语从句,主从句条件关系分明,结构清晰。在条件状语从句中,用一般现在时代替一般将来时,一般过去时代替过去将来时。但有些句子,虽没有含条件关系的连词,却也隐含着条件关系,这些句子常用一些词,如butfor,without等引出一个介词结构来表示条件,条件常常是虚拟的,或与事实相反的假设。如:butfor若非,要不是Butfortherain,weshouldhaveapleasantjourney.要不是下雨,我们的旅行肯定会很愉快。Butforyourhelp,weshouldnothavefinishedintime.要不是你帮忙,我们肯定不能及时完成任务。Findmoreexamplesofsentenceswithiforwheninthepassage.Thekey:1)Ifourrighthandisbusygreetingsomeone,itcannotbeholdingaweapon.2)Ifyoushakehandswithsomeone,youshowyoutrustthem.3)Weshakehandswhenwemakeadeal.4)Whenwegreetsomeone,weputtherighthandovertheleftandbowslightly.MatchthetwopartsofthesesentencesaboutbodylanguageinEuropeorAmerica.1.

Whenyoumeetsomeoneforthefirsttime.2.Ifyousaygoodbyetosomeone3.

Whenyoushowsomeonetheway4.

Ifyounodyourhead5.

Whenyouenterahouse6.

IfyoushakeyourheadA.youusuallymeanno.B.youusuallypointC.youoftenwavetolearnD.youdon’ttakeyourshoesoffE.youshakehandswiththemF.youusuallymeanyes.Thekey:1)E2)C3)B4)F5)D6)Aa.

Ifyoumeetsomeoneyouusuallyshakehis/herhand.b.WhatshallIdoifI’minvitedtodinner?c.

Unlessyou’reveryunluckyyou’llsoonthinkofsomething.Lookatthesentencesandanswerthequestions.1.Whichsentencesreferstoanormaleverydaysituation?2.Whichsentencesreferstoapossibilityinthefuture?3.Whichwordinthethirdsentencemeanif…not?Thekey:1.a2.b3.unless1.

Ifyou____acake,yourhost______verypleased.(take,be)2.

Unlesstheweather___better,I_______athome.(get,stay)3.

He____homeearlyifhe__________well.(go,notfeel)takewillbegetswillstaygoesdoesn’tfeelIfIseeherI’llinvitehertotheparty.(see,invite)Exer