中考英语首字母做题技巧与方法

中考英语首字母做题技巧讲解（名师精讲解题技巧，^得下载）一、复习思路首字母填空类短文题是近几年各省、市中考题经常采用的题型之一，这种题难度相对较大，考生失分现象严重。首字母填空不单单考察学生的词汇、语法，主要考查学生的对文章大意、上下文逻辑关系及常识 的判断。老师在教学的过程中，切忌给学生翻译文章，直接把答案给学生。而是带领学生去理解上下文直接的关系。引导学生去想汉语意思，逐步去攻克难关。二、复习要点知识点1：首字母填空中考考察类型：.根据上下文得情景确定“意义”上正确的词.根据词汇的辨析和词组的搭配来解题.利用逻辑关系解题.利用语法和句型解题知识点2：首字母实用解题技巧：1、解题方法之通读全文，通读是为了知道这篇文章讲什么，了解大意后才能做题。首填选篇第一句一般不设空，并且一般会给出主题，所以一定要细读首句。此外，这一步骤不要花太多时间，跳过空格与生词，要快速阅读。例如:Atsometimeinyourlife,youmighthavearoommate.例如：AschoolnewspaperTheTeensaskedoveronethousandteenagershowtheyspenttheirsparetime.例如:It,sacommonschooldayatSouthernCrossSchoolnearthefamousKrugerNationalParkinSouthAfrica.例如：TheYoungPerson'sRail-cardisverypopularinBritainnow.2、解题方法之感情线索，体会作者的语气与用词的感情色彩，是理解文章的一个重要方面，无论是做完型还是阅读，都是用的到的方法。例如:Whentheparentscomehome,theyareoftenverytiredfromaharddayatwork.3、解题方法之逻辑关系，逻辑关系是全文的脉络，也是理解文章最重要和最容易成为障碍的地方。阅读时养成随手圈划逻辑关系词的习惯，是提高理解文章能力的很好方法例如:Carparksareveryexpensive.Youhavetopayaspecialcongestioncharge拥堵费）todriveyourcarintothecitycenter.4、解题方法之联系上下文，有不少提示答案的关键信息，就出现在前后句甚至同句中，所以一定要关注近身。（就近原则）。例如:Decidehowyouwillsharehousework,suchascleaning,washingandshopping.（2013年上海中考）5、解题方法之固定搭配.例如:Ireallylikereadingandwritingshortstories.Thesestoriesareusuallyabout6to20pageslongwhichfocusonaninterestingperson,aproblemwhichthepersonhad,andwhathappenedwhenthepersontriedtosolvetheproblem.focuson-致力于；使聚焦于；6、注意事项之复查：名词检查单复数动词检查时态、语态、主谓一致形容词、副词检查比较级和最高级连词检查逻辑代词检查人称、数、格介词检查固定搭配和习惯用法知识点3：专题精讲例题1:Readthepassageandfillintheblankswithproperwords（在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给）：Atonetime,makingafilmwasanexpensiveactivityforonlyforasmallgroupofpeopleandfilmcompanies.Notonlywerethetoolsandmachinesexpensivebutalsothecostoffilmwasalsofargreaterthanmostpeoplecouldafford.However,moderntechnologyhasc1allthat.Newtechnologyhasreallyopeneduptheworldoffilmmakingforfilmfans.Nowacameradoesnotcostm2andmostyoungpeoplearecertainlyabletopayforit.Soallyouneedistogetoneforyourself.Withthat,youmaystartyourownfilm-making.However,film-makingist3work.Youprobablyneedmanyotherpeopletohelpyou.Forexample,thep4ofactorsandactressesisveryimportantinyourfilm.Ofcourse,theseactorsandactressesmaybeyourschoolmates,friendsorfamilymembers.Youdon,tevenneedtopaythemacentwhiletheyaregladtobepartofyourjob.B5,youneedtomakeupastory.Canyouwriteyourownone?Ifyouhavegoodimagination,youcancreateanattractivestorye6.Manyworld-famousfilmmakerandproducersarealsogoodstory-writers.Ifnot,perhapsyouneedsomeoneelsetowriteitforyou.Anexcellentstoryisthekeytomakingas7film.精析:1、这篇完形填空一共有230个单词左右，相对与前几年来说，字数很恰当。2、文章有五大段，主要讲述了Makingafilm的内容，尤其是现在电影已经深入人心，是人们茶余饭后的话题之一，所以学生对于Makingafilm有一定的感性认识。3、注意一些单词和词组，如：afford提供得起买得起抽得出时间,technology技术,fan粉丝,imagination想象力答案分析:However,moderntechnologyhasc allthat.文章第一段讲Makingafilm是非常expensive的，然而现代技术已经改变所有这一切，所以要填changed—现在完成时。Nowacameradoesnotcostm andmostyoungpeoplearecertainlyabletopayfor让文章第二段讲“因为绝大多数年轻人一定能买得起，所以现在照相机对他们来说花费不多”，所以填much。However,film-makingist work.Youprobablyneedmanyotherpeopletohelp丫。口文章第三段讲“拍电影可能需要许多其他人来帮助你，所以film-making是一个团队的工作”，所以要填team。Forexample,thepofactorsandactressesisveryimportantinyourfilm第四段中讲“演员的什么在电影中非常重要的”，当然是演员的演技，所以要填performance—表演。前面讲述了film-making的成本、演员的演技，接着讲述了film-making中的剧本事宜，所以要填Besides—止匕外。B,youneedtomakeupastory.Canyouwriteyourownone?Ifyouhavegoodimagination,youcancreateanattractivestorye.第五段讲述了“如果有好的想象力，那么很容易写出一个有吸引力的故事来”，所以填easily。Anexcellentstoryisthekeytomakingas film.文章最后讲“一个优秀的故事是拍一部好的、成功的电影的关键”，所以填successfulo例题2:Readthepassageandfillintheblankswithproperwords（在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给）：The2012LondonOlympicGamesareontheway.YoumayhaveanicetripinLondonwiththehelpofthefollowinginformation.GettingaroundinLondonBy ouundergroundTheundergroundisfastandconvenient.Thereisastationeveryfewblocks.Undergroundtrainsrunfrom5:30a.m.to12:00midnight.Youcangettoanyplacee1.BybusTravellingbybusisagoodwaytoseethecity-,especiallyfromthetopofadouble-deckerbus.Thereisalwaysabusstopnearby.Therearespecialticketsforc2undertheageof12.BytrainTakeatraintovisitplacesoutsideLondon,likeHamptonCourtandWindsorCastle.YoucanuseaTravelcardontheunderground,busesandmosttrains.Top3yourjourney,getamapfromtherailwaystations,takesometimetothinkabouttheplacesyouwanttovisit.BytaxiLondon'sblacktaxisaref4.ManyvisitorstoLondonknowtheyaregoodandcomfortable.TheyWillcostyouafewpounds,though.Takeataxionce,fortheexperience.Byb5The"riverbus"leavesfromWestminsterPierandstopsatdifferentplacesbetweenWestminsterandGreenwichPier.AgoodwaytoseethecityfromtheRiverThames.BycarDon'tdriveyourcarinLondon!Carparksareverye6.Youhavetopayaspecialcongestioncharge（拥堵费）todriveyourcarintothecitycentre.BybikeTherearen'tmanygoodbicyclelanesinLondon.Cyclingwithalargeguidedgroupisbetterthanr7alone.OnfootThebestwaytovisitthecity!Butlookrightandleftbeforeyoucrossastreet.Therearemanybeautifulsightswaitingforyou.精析：.根据首句“Theundergroundisfastandconvenient「推断出"Youcangettoanyplaceeasily."^案为easilyo.既然连接“undertheageof12"，那么答案肯定是childreno.根据后文中“takesometimetothinkabouttheplacesyouwanttovisit”锁定答案肯定是plan,因为制定计划就是要事先花时间考虑的意思。.根据后一句"ManyvisitorstoLondonknowtheyaregoodandcomfortable.，得出答案一定是famouso.根据"riverbus"得出答案为boato.根据后文“Youhavetopayaspeci