高考英语语法填空题（即所给单词的正确形式填空）考点解析与练习（含答案）

高考英语语法填空题（即所给单词的正确形式填空）考点解析与练习（含答案）既然是”所给单词的适当形式”，也就是前广东卷语法填空（全国卷从2014年开始才出现此题型，暂时未有名称）的实词部分——动词、名词、形容词、和副词做词形转换。括号内所给单词可以是上述词类的其中一种，根据句子的内部语法结构进行词性转换，再根据上下文的意义逻辑进行词义转换，统称词形转换。其中，按照历年高考真题，须填写的目标词为动词的一般占30%-40%，目标词为名词的约占10%-20%，形容词和副词（不算虚词副词）10%-20%。各词类的考点考法可参考下图的右边部分：对于高三学生，要做好这种题型，纯粹从解题技巧出发，可分为两个方面：一、弄清词性语法填空考察的四类实词一般充当一些必要的句子成分，如谓语、主语、表语等，还有其它的句子成分，如定语、状语等。不同的句子成分由不同的词类构成，通过观察句子结构，划分句子成分，可以分辨出划线处需要一个什么词性的单词去充当该空的句子成分。二、变好词形词形变换最浅显的例子就是形容词变副词加-ly后缀了。诸如这类由一种词性通过添加前后缀转换成另一种词性的规则既多又杂，需要平时做好积累，见一个摘抄一个，并做好归纳，从中总结出规律。此外，还有如在一般现在时且主语是第三人称单数时谓语需进行变化（一般加s），名词单复数，形容词副词的比较级和最高级等等，也需要在下笔时加以考虑。总之，语法规则是死的，语言才是活的。平时除了课本，多看合适的（看得懂时有几个陌生单词的）英文材料，这些语言规则就能慢慢内化，最终做到深谙于心。实战演练A阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。A90-year-oldhasbeenawarded“WomanOfTheYear”for61（be）Britain’soldestfull-timeemployee-stillworking40hoursaweek.NowIreneAstburyworksfrom9amto5pmdailyatthepetshopinMacclesfield，62sheopenedwithherlatehusbandLes.Heryearsofhardworkhave63（final）beenacknowledgedafteracustomernominated（提名）hertobeCheshire’sWomanOfTheYear.Pickingupher“LifetimeAchievement”award，proudIrene64（declare）shehadnoplans65（retire）fromher36-year-oldbusiness.Irenesaid，“Idon’tseeanyreasontogiveupwork.IlovecominghereandseeingmyfamilyandallthefriendsI66（make）overtheyears.IworknotbecauseIhaveto,67becauseIwantto.”GranddaughterGayleParks，31-whoworksalongsideherinthefamilybusiness-saiditremainedunknownastowhonominatedIrenefortheaward.Shesaid，“Wedon’thaveanyideawhoputgrandmaforward.Whenwegotacall68（say）shewasshort-listed，wethoughtitwas69joke.Butthenwegotanofficialletterandwewereblownaway.Wearesoproudofher.It’s70(wonder）.”61._________62._________63._________64.__________65.____________66._________67._________68._________69.__________70.____________B阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。ThepolarbearisfoundintheArcticCircleandsomebiglandmassesasfarsouthasNewfoundland.Whiletheyarerarenorthof88°,thereisevidence61theyrangeallthewayacrosstheArctic,andasfarsouthasJamesBayinCanada.Itisdifficulttofigureoutaglobalpopulationofpolarbearsasmuchoftherangehasbeen62(poor)studied;however,biologistscalculatethatthereareabout20,000-25,000polarbearsworldwide.Modemmethods63trackingpolarbearpopulationshavebeenemployedonlysincethemid-1980s,andareexpensive64(perform)consistentlyoveralargearea.InrecentyearssomeInuitpeopleinNunayut65(report)increasesinbearsightingsaroundhumansettlements,leadingtoa66(believe)thatpopulationsareincreasing.Scientistshaverespondedby67(note)thathungrybearsmaybecongregating(聚集)aroundhumansettlements,leadingtotheillusion(错觉)thatpopulationsare68(high)thantheyactuallyare.Of69nineteenrecognizedpolarbearsubpopulations,threearedeclining,six70(be)stable,oneisincreasing,andninelackenoughdata.61._________62._________63._________64.__________65.____________66._________67._________68._________69.__________70.____________C阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。Teaisenjoyedallovertheworldasacomfortingtreat.First,choosethetypeofteayouwanttodrink.Therearevarioustypesofteathatofferdifferenthealth____61____(benefit)andflavors.Next,boilapotofwaterandpouritoveryourtea.Allowyourteatosoakthoroughly.Addmilkandsugartoincreasetheflavorofboldteasoraddhoney____62____lightlyflavoredteasifdesired.Greenteaisknownfor____63____(it)highlevelofacancer-fightingchemical.____64____,greenteaishighincaffeineandcanmakeyoufeelanxiousandnervousifyoudrinktoomuch.Itissaidthatoolongteamaypromotehealthyskinandblackteacan____65____(great)reducetheriskofbreastcancerinyoungerwomen.Writeteaishelpfulinpreventingcavitiesandbuildingthe____66____(strong)ofyourteeth.Therehavebeenmanyclaimsaboutherbalteaswhichcandogoodtohealth,butthereislimitedresearchor____67____(support)dataontheseclaims.Mostteascan____68____(buy)andtransportedintinsoflooseteaorinsmallpackagesofteabags.Somepeoplebelievethatlooseleafteashavea____69____(fresh)flavorthanteabags____70____otherspreferteabagsbecausethey’remucheasiertouseandcarryaround.61._________62._________63._________64.__________65.____________66._________67._________68._________69.__________70.____________D阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。Americanpopularmusicisplayedallovertheworld.Peopleofallagesinallcountriesenjoy61(listen)toit.Thereasonsfor62popularityareitsfastpaceandrhythmicbeat.ThemusichasmanyoriginsintheUnitedStates.Countrymusic,63(come)fromtheruralareasinthesouthernUnitedStates,isonesource.Manypeopleappreciatethismusicbecauseoftheemotions64(express)bycountrymusicsongs.AsecondoriginofAmericanpopularmusicsitheblues.Itdescribedmostlysadfeelings65(reflect)thedifficultlivesofAmericanblacks.Itisusuallyplayedandsungbyblackmusicians,butitispopularwithallAmericans.Rockmusicisanewerformofmusic.Thismusicstylewasknown66rockandrollinthe1950’s.Sincethenthere67(be)manyformsofrockmusic,hardrock,softrock,punkrock,discomusicandothers.Many68(perform)ofpopularrockmusicareyoungmusicians.Peoplehearthesesongs69(sing)intheiroriginalEnglishorsometimestranslatedtootherlanguages.Thewordsmaydiffer70theenjoymentofthemusicisuniversal.61._________62._________63._________64.__________65.____________66._________67._________68._________69.__________70.____________E在句子空白处填入适当的内容DuringtheAmericanCivilWar,ayoungman__61__(name)RoswellMcIntyrewasdraftedintothearmy.Thewarwasnotgoingwell.Thearmyneeded__62__(soldier)somuchthathewassentintobattlewithoutbeingtrained.Roswellbecamefrightenedandran.Laterhe__63__(sentence)tobeshotfordesertion.Roswell’smotherappealedtoPresidentLincoln,__64__(beg)thathewasyoungandinexperienced,andthatheneeded__65__secondchance.Lincolnthoughtandprayed.Thenhewrotean__66__(admiration)statement."Ihavenoticed,"hesaid,"thatitneverdoesaboymuchgoodtoshoothim."Hewrotethisletterinhisownhandwriting:"RoswellMcIntyre__67__(be)tobereadmittedintothearmy.Whenheservesouthisrequiredenlistment(服兵役期),hewillbefreedofanychargesofdesertion."Thatletter,signedbyPresidentLincoln,is__68__displayintheLibraryofCongress.Besideitthereisanote,__69__reads,"ThisletterwastakenfromthebodyofRoswellMcIntyre,whodiedrespectablyattheBattleofFiveForksinVirginia."Nowyoumightbe__70__(vast)surprisedatthepowerofforgiveness.61._________62._________63._________64.__________65.____________66._________67._________68._________69.__________70.____________F阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Agroupofclassmatesgottogethertovisittheiroldteacher.Theseclassmatesallhadgoodjobsandmadelotsofmoney.Theytalked61(happy).Theteacheraskedthemthedifficultytheyhad62(achieve)theirdreams.Thentheirtalksoonturnedtocomplainingaboutthestressinworkandlife.Theteacherwentto63kitchenandcamebackwithalargepotofcoffeeandmanycups-chinaones,plasticonesandglassones.Someareplainlooking,someareexpensiveandsomearelovely.Theteachertoldthemtohelp64(they)tothecoffee.Whenallthestudentshadacupofcoffeeinhand,theteachersaid,“Canyounoticethatallofyoutooknice-lookingexpensivecups,leaving65theplainandcheapones?Youwantonlythebestforyourselves,66isthesourceofyourproblems.”“Whatallofyoureallywantedwascoffee,notthecup,67youwentforthebestcupsandthenbeganlookingateachother’scups.”“Nowthinkaboutthis:lifeisthecoffee,andthejobs,moneyandpositioninsociety68(be)thecups.Theyarejust69(tool)tohold,anddonotchangethelife.Sometimes,bycaringonlyaboutthecups,wefail70(enjoy)thecoffee.Sodon’tletthecupsdriveyou,andenjoythecoffeeinstead.”6