国开形成性考核高分题库之建筑力学-2440395

建筑力学一、单项选择题（每小题2分，共10分）.在图乘法中，欲求某点的竖向位移，则应在该点虚设（）。A.任意方向单位力B,竖向单位力C,单位力偶D,水平向单位力答案：A..在图乘法中，欲求某点的转角，则应在该点虚设（）。A.一对反向的单位力矩B,水平向单位力C,竖向单位力D,单位力矩答案：D..在图乘法中，欲求某两点的相对转角，则应在该点虚设（）。A.水平向单位力1B,单位力矩C,竖向单位力.一对反向的单位力矩答案：D..平面刚架在荷载作用下的位移主要是由（）产生的。A,扭转变形B,弯曲变形C,剪切变形D.轴向变形答案：B..作刚架内力图时规定，弯矩图画在杆件的（ ）。A,左边一侧B,受压一侧C,受拉一侧D,下边一侧答案：C.二、判断题（每小题2分，共20分）.在使用图乘法时，两个相乘的图形中，至少有一个为三角图形。A,对的B,错答案：错.图乘法的正负号规定为：面积A0与纵坐标yc在杆的同一侧时，乘积AsyC应取正号；面积As与纵坐标yc在杆的不同侧时，乘积A^yC应取负号。A,对答案：对3.单位荷载法就是将两个弯矩图的图形进行简单拼合。A,对B.答案：错.一次截取两个结点为研究对象，来计算桁架杆件轴力的方法称为结点法。A,对B.答案：错.桁架中内力为零的杆件是多余杆件，应该撤除。A,对B,错答案：错.桁架中的内力主要是剪力。A,对B,错答案：错.多跨静定梁基本部分承受荷载时，附属部分不会产生内力。A,对B,错答案：对.刚架在刚结点处联结的各杆杆端弯矩相等。A,对B,错答案：对.轴线是曲线的结构称为拱。A,对的B,错答案：对.三铰拱的支座反力中水平推力与拱高成反比，与拱轴曲线形状无关。A,对的B,错答案：对三、计算题（共70分）.试作图示静定多跨梁的剪力图和弯矩图。（10分）<imgsrc="http:〃/pluginfile.php/1020746/question/questiontext/8073592/19/1827012/001.png"alt="width=〃292〃height=〃144〃/>弯矩图如（）所示（5分）<imgsrc=〃/pluginfile.php/1020746/question/answe

r/8073592/20/4227157/01.png〃alt="width=〃380〃height=〃104〃/>5<imgsrc="http:〃/pluginfile.php/1020746/question/answer/8073592/20/4227159/03.png"alt="width=〃360〃height=〃142〃/><imgsrc=〃/pluginfile.php/1020746/question/answer/8073592/20/4227160/04.png〃alt="width=〃393〃height=〃161〃/><imgsrc=〃/pluginfile.php/1020746/question/answer/8073592/20/4227158/02.png〃alt="width=〃376〃height=〃120〃/>答案：A.剪力图如（）所示（5分）<imgsrc=〃/pluginfile.php/1020746/question/answer/8073592/21/4227161/01.png〃alt="width=〃410〃height=〃125〃/><imgsrc=〃/pluginfile.php/1020746/question/answer/8073592/21/4227163/03.png〃alt="width=〃390〃height=〃125〃/><imgsrc=〃/pluginfile.php/1020746/question/answer/8073592/21/4227164/04.png〃alt="width=〃374〃height=〃190〃/><imgsrc=〃/pluginfile.php/1020746/question/answer/8073592/21/4227162/02.png〃alt="width=〃382〃height=〃124〃/>答案：A..试作图示刚架的内力图。（10分）<imgsrc="http:〃/pluginfile.php/1020746/question/questiontext/8073592/22/1827015/001.png"alt="width=〃223〃height=〃201〃/>的弯矩图如（）所示（5分）<imgsrc=〃/pluginfile.php/1020746/question/answer/8073592/23/4227168/04.png〃alt="width=〃234〃height=〃222〃/><imgsrc=〃/pluginfile.php/1020746/question/answer/8073592/23/4227167/03.png〃alt="width=〃220〃height=〃215〃/><imgsrc=〃/pluginfile.php/1020746/question/answer/8073592/23/4227165/01.png〃alt="width=〃228〃height=〃227〃/><imgsrc=〃/pluginfile.php/1020746/question/answer/8073592/23/4227166/02.png〃alt="width=〃201〃height=〃160〃/>答案：C.的剪力图如（）所示（5分）<imgsrc=〃/pluginfile.php/1020746/question/answer/8073592/24/4227172/04.png〃alt="width=〃194〃height=〃220〃/><imgsrc="http:〃/pluginfile.php/1020746/question/answer/8073592/24/4227170/02.png"alt="width=〃214〃height=〃224〃/><imgsrc=〃/pluginfile.php/1020746/question/answer/8073592/24/4227169/01.png〃alt="width=〃231〃height=〃213〃/><imgsrc=〃/pluginfile.php/1020746/question/answer/8073592/24/4227171/03.png〃alt="width=〃213〃height=〃220〃/>答案：C..试作图示刚架的内力图。（10分）<imgsrc=〃/pluginfile.php/1020746/question/questiontext/8073592/25/1827018/001.png〃alt="width=〃249〃height=〃232〃/>的弯矩图如（）所示（5分）<imgsrc=〃/pluginfile.php/1020746/question/answer/8073592/26/4227175/03.png〃alt="width=〃249〃height=〃208〃/><imgsrc=〃/pluginfile.php/1020746/question/answer/8073592/26/4227174/02.png〃alt="width=〃258〃height=〃156〃/><imgsrc=〃/pluginfile.php/1020746/question/answer/8073592/26/4227173/01.png〃alt="width=〃227〃height=〃211〃/><imgsrc="http:〃/pluginfile.php/1020746/question/answer/8073592/26/4227176/04.png"alt="width=〃261〃height=〃206〃/>答案：C.的剪力图如（）所示（5分）<imgsrc=〃/pluginfile.php/1020746/question/answer/8073592/27/4227178/02.png〃alt="width=〃243〃height=〃166〃/><imgsrc=〃/pluginfile.php/1020746/question/answer/8073592/27/4227179/03.png〃alt="width=〃250〃height=〃202〃/><imgsrc=〃/pluginfile.php/1020746/question/answer/8073592/27/4227177/01.png〃alt="width=〃261〃height=〃206〃/><imgsrc=〃/pluginfile.php/1020746/question/answer/8073592/27/4227180/04.png〃alt="width=〃247〃height=〃206〃/>答案：C..试计算图示桁架各杆的轴力。（10分）<imgsrc=〃/pluginfile.php/1020746/question/questiontext/8073592/28/1827021/001.png〃alt="width=〃318〃height=〃187〃/>桁架各杆的轴力如（ ）所示（10分）<imgsrc="http:〃/pluginfile.php/1020746/question/answer/8073592/29/4227181/01.png"alt="width=〃383〃height=〃160〃/><imgsrc=〃/pluginfile.php/1020746/question/answer/8073592/29/4227183/03.png〃alt="width=〃390〃height=〃172〃/><imgsrc=〃/pluginfile.php/1020746/question/answer/8073592/29/4227184/04.png〃alt="width=〃388〃height=〃172〃/><imgsrc=〃/pluginfile.php/1020746/question/answer/8073592/29/4227182/02.png〃alt="width=〃364〃height=〃174〃/>答案：A..试计算图示桁架结构的指定杆件1、2、3杆的轴力。（10分）<imgsrc=〃/pluginfile.php/1020746/question/questiontext/8073592/30/1827023/001.png〃alt="width=〃284〃height=〃232〃/>1杆的轴力FN1=（ ）所示（3分）<imgsrc=〃/pluginfile.php/1020746/question/answer/8073592/31/4227185/01.png〃alt="width=〃85〃height=〃56〃/>10<imgsrc="http:〃/pluginfile.php/1020746/question/answer/8073592/31/4227187/04.png"alt="width=〃65〃height=〃61〃/><imgsrc=〃/pluginfile.php/1020746/question/answer/8073592/31/4227188/002.png〃alt="width=〃72〃height=〃64〃/><imgsrc=〃/pluginfile.php/1020746/question/answer/8073592/31/4227186/02.png〃alt="width=〃83〃height=〃64〃/>答案：A.2杆的轴力FN2=( )所示(3分)<imgsrc=〃/pluginfile.php/1020746/question/answer/8073592/32/4227191/03.png〃alt="width=〃66〃height=〃57〃/><imgsrc=〃/pluginfile.php/1020746/question/answer/8073592/32/4227190/02.png〃alt="width=〃70〃height=〃62〃/><imgsrc=〃/pluginfile.php/1020746/question/answer/8073592/32/4227192/04.png〃alt="width=〃60〃height=〃57〃/><imgsrc=〃/pluginfile.php/1020746/question/answer/8073592/32/4227189/01.png〃alt="width=〃77〃height=〃66〃/>答案：D.113杆的轴力FN3=（ ）所示（4分）<imgsrc="http:〃/pluginfile.php/1020746/question/answer/8073592/33/4227196/003.png"alt="width=〃48〃height=〃54〃/><imgsrc=〃/pluginfile.php/1020746/question/answer/8073592/33/4227193/01.png〃alt="width=〃60〃height=〃53〃/><imgsrc=〃/pluginfile.php/1020746/question/answer/8073592/33/4227195/02.png〃alt="width=〃49〃height=〃59〃/><imgsrc=〃/pluginfile.php/1020746/question/answer/8073592/33/4227194/04.png〃alt="width=〃60〃height=〃57〃/>答案：B.6.求图示简支梁A端角位移及跨中C点的竖向位移。EI为常数。（10分）<imgsrc=〃/pluginfile.php/1020746/question/questiontext/8073592/34/1827027/001.png〃alt="width=〃263〃height=〃148〃/>梁A端的角位移为（ ）（5分）<imgsrc=〃/pluginfile.php/1020746/question/answer/8073592/35/4227197/01.png〃alt="width=〃118〃height=〃53〃/>12<imgsrc="http:〃/pluginfile.php/1020746/question/answer/8073592/35/4227198/02.png"alt="width=〃110〃height=〃50〃/><imgsrc=〃/pluginfile.php/1020746/question/answer/8073592/35/4227200/04.png〃alt="width=〃101〃height=〃49〃/><imgsrc=〃/pluginfile.php/1020746/question/answer/8073592/35/4227199/03.png〃alt="width=〃123〃height=〃48〃/>答案：A.梁跨中C点的竖向位移为（）（5分）<imgsrc=〃/pluginfile.php/1020746/question/answer/8073592/36/4227204/04.png〃alt="width=〃90〃height=〃54〃/><imgsrc=〃/pluginfile.php/1020746/question/answer/8073592/36/4227203/03.png〃alt="width=〃97〃height=〃57〃/><imgsrc=〃/pluginfile.php/1020746/question/answer/8073592/36/42272