-新教材高中英语Unit3CONSERVTIONSectionⅠTOPICTALK检测含解析北师大版选择性必修第一册

PAGEPAGE7TOPICTALK[A级——语言点基础练]Ⅰ.单词拼写1．Theresearchersfoundthatalackofmoneytopayforlandconservation(保护)isaffectingefforts.2．Ilookedinsidehisplastic(塑料制的)bagandsawsomecarrotswithsoil.3．Therewasanitem(一条)inthepaperabouthim.4．Theyleavecitizenscardsinformingthemwhattheycanandcan’trecycle(回收利用),andletthemknowhowtheireffortswork.5．Onewinterdaywhilehewashunting(猎取),hesawthetracksofanimalsinthesnow.6．We’reintheprocessofswitching(转换)overtoanewsystemofinvoicing.7．Thesebooks,whileinformative(知识性强的),arenotnecessarilytruthful.8．Coalmining(采矿业)hasalwaysbeenadangerousoccupation.Ⅱ.单句语法填空1．Someofthegreatestproblemswefacetodayarethedestruction(destroy)ofourenvironment.2．Buttherisingsealevelandthecarbonpollutioncausingwarmingoceansarethreatening(threat)theirexistence.3．Theywerechargedwithbringinggoodsintothecountryillegally(illegal)．4．Thehunter(hunt)agreedtotakeustogohuntingtomorrow.5．Someexpertsappealedtopeopletorescuemanyspeciesfromextinction(extinct)．6．Urgent(urge)measureshavebeentakentopreventcaremission.Ⅲ.选词填空havearole，doone’spart，stop...from...，atpresent，indanger，theamountof，switchto，assoonaspossible1．Inthepastdecade,theadministrationhasn’tdoneitspartinenvironmentalconservation.2．Asamemberoftheinternationalsociety,wehavearoletoplay.3．Youcan’tstoppeoplefromsayingwhattheythink.4．She’dliketobeafilmactress，butatpresentshe’samodel.5．Heisindangeroflosinghisjobifhegoesonlikethis.6．Shewasquitepositiveabouttheamountofmoneyinvolved.7．IaskedhertogetintouchwithHenryassoonaspossible.8．Selecttheapplicationyouwanttoswitchtoorclose.Ⅳ.补全句子1．IhopeIcangetagoodmarkandthatIcangotocollege.我希望我能取得一个好成绩，然后我能上大学。2．Ihaveanurgetotellhimthesecret.我渴望去告诉他这个秘密。3．Iwasveryluckytogetthebooksocheap.我很幸运能以这么便宜的价格买到这本书。4．Thewaywechoosetobringupchildrenisvitallyimportant.抚养子女选用何种方式是极其重要的。[B级——话题语篇练]Ⅰ.阅读理解ASnowleopards(豹)aresohardtophotographthatscientistsaren’tevensurehowmanyoftheseendangeredanimalsstillliveinthewild.TheSnowLeopardConservancy(SLC)setup20camerasinRussiain2010tolearnmoreaboutthebigcats.Afterafullsixmonths,theyhadexactlyzeropicture!That’swhentheorganizationunderstoodtheyneededhelp.Andtheonlypeoplewhocouldhelptheminfindingtheleopardsweretheverypeoplefromwhomtheywantedtoprotecttheanimals—localhunters(猎人)．HuntingsnowleopardsisagainstthelawinRussia,butintheterribleclimateofSiberia,thefewpeoplelivingtherehadtoturntopoaching(盗猎)tofeedtheirfamilies.In2013,RussiannaturalistSergeiSpitsynapproachedMergenMarkov,alocalhunter,andtoldhimhisproject.Markovagreedtosetupthecamerawhereheknewhewouldfindleopards,anditworked.Markov,onceapoacher,worksfulltimefortheconservationistsnowandhas10camerasmonitoringleopards.“Ivisiteachcameraonceamonth.IhaveknownthiswholeregionsinceIwasachild，”hesaidproudly.TheWorldWildlifeFund(WWF)beganworkingwithotherlocalvillagersin2015.Thevillagewouldbepaid40,000rublesattheendoftheyeariftheimageofasnowleopardiscaught.WWFalsorentshorsesfromthevillagerssothattheydonotneedtomakemoneybypoachinganymore.“Todaytherearefarfewerleopardpoachersbutleopardsstillgetcaughtintrapssetforotheranimals,soIhavetostaywatchful，”saidMarkov.Changinggunsforcamerashasmadeabigdifferenceinthelivesoftheseformerpoachers,thevillage,andtheRussiansnowleopards.Thenumberofsnowleopardshasbeenrisingandtheirpopulationisexpectedtorecovertonormallevelswithin10years.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。为了获知雪豹这种濒危动物的具体数量，雪豹管理局安装摄像头去拍摄雪豹的照片，但因照片极难捕捉而一无所获，于是他们找猎人寻求帮助，世界自然基金会也和猎人们合作，向他们支付报酬，猎人因此不再通过捕杀雪豹谋生，雪豹的数量一直在增加。1．Whywasnopictureofsnowleopardstakeninsixmonths?A．SLC’s20camerasfailedtoworkproperly.B．Thenumberofsnowleopardsinthewildwastoosmall.C．Thelocalpoachersdestroyedthesecamerasonpurpose.D．Theresearchersknewlittleabouttheanimal’slivinghabits.解析：选B推理判断题。根据第一段内容可知，雪豹如此难以拍摄，以至于科学家们甚至不确定有多少这种濒危动物仍在野外生存。因为是濒危动物，说明数量非常少，很难被拍摄到，所以推断6个月内没有照片是因为数量太少了，故选B。2．WhatdidSergeiSpitsynpersuadeMarkovtodo?A．Findthepoachers.B．Repaircamerasintheforest.C．Catchmoreleopards.D．WorkforSLC.解析：选D细节理解题。根据第四段内容以及下文“Markov,onceapoacher,worksfulltimefortheconservationistsnowandhas10camerasmonitoringleopards.”可知，SergeiSpitsyn劝说Markov是为了保护雪豹，由此可以推断是为雪豹保护协会工作，故选D。3．WhydidtheWWFbeginworkingwithlocalvillagers?A．Togetsomepicturesofsnowleopards.B．Tohelpvillagersmakealiving.C．Topreventvillagersfromhuntinganimals.D．Torenttheirhorsesatalowprice.解析：选A细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“TheWorldWildlifeFund(WWF)beganworkingwithotherlocalvillagersin2015.Thevillagewouldbepaid40,000rublesattheendoftheyeariftheimageofasnowleopardiscaught.”可知，世界自然基金会同当地村民合作就是为了获取雪豹的图像，故选A。4．HowcanwedescribetheWWF’scooperationwiththevillagers?A．Practicemakesperfect.B．Curiositykillsthecat.C．Killtwobirdswithonestone.D．Oldhabitsdiehard.解析：选C推理判断题。根据倒数第二段内容可知，世界自然基金会通过支付报酬换取雪豹图像的方式与当地村民合作并向村民出租马匹以便他们不再通过偷猎赚钱。可见世界自然基金会和当地村民的合作既可以帮助基金会获取雪豹的图像，又可以减少偷猎者的数量。由此推断他们的合作同C选项描述更贴切，故选C。BOverthepasthalf­century,NorthAmericahaslostmorethanaquarterofitsentirebirdpopulation,oraround3billionbirds.“Wesawthisgreatnetlossacrosstheentirebirdcommunity，”saysKenRosenberg,ascientistinIthaca,N．Y.“Butwealsoknewthatotherbirdpopulationswereincreasing.Andwhatwedidn’tknowiswhethertherewasanetchange.”“Commonbirdswithdecreasingpopulationsincludedark­eyedjuncosandred­wingedblackbirds，”saysRosenberg.“Grasslandbirdshavesuffereda53%decrease,andmorethanathirdoftheshorebirdpopulationhasbeenlost.Birdpopulationsthathaveincreasedincluderaptors(猛禽),likethebaldeagle,andwaterfowl.”“Thenumbersofducksandgeesearelargerthanthey’veeverbeen,andthat’snotanaccident，”saysRosenberg.It’sbecausehunterswhomainlywanttoseehealthywaterfowlpopulationsforsportfulhuntinghaveraisedtheirvoices.“Peoplearedoingawonderfulefforttotryandunderstandourbirdpopulationswithalotofuncertainty,buttheactualsystemsthatwehaveinplacetotryandanswerreallytoughquestionslikethisarereallyfarshortofwhatweneed，”TedSimonsinNorthCarolinaStateUniversitysays.“Inall,theconclusionsweren’tnecessarilysurprising，”saysKristenRuegg,abiologistatColoradoStateUniversity.Therehavebeenhints(暗示)thatthelosswasthislargefromallkindsofsourcesoverthepastfewyears.Butinmostcases,thesewerespecies­specificrecordsoflocalextinctionsormodelsofprojectedlosses,resultingfromthingslikeclimatechange.Thisreallysortofwakespeopleuptotheideathatthisishappening.EliseZipkin,aquantitativeecologistatMichiganStateUniversity,saysthelosscanbeabigproblem.“Justbecauseaspecieshasn’tgoneextinct(灭绝)orisn’tevennecessarilyclosetoextinction,itmightstillbeintrouble，”shesays.“Weneedtobethinkingaboutconservation(保护)effortsforthat.”eq\x(语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。世界上的鸟类正不断消亡，我们要行动起来保护它们！)5．Whichofthefollowingbecomesmorethanbefore?A．Dark­eyedjuncos. B．Thebaldeagle.C．Grasslandbirds. D．Theshorebirds.解析：选B细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Grasslandbirdshavesuffereda53%decrease,andmorethanathirdoftheshorebirdpopulationhasbeenlost.Birdpopulationsthathaveincreasedincluderaptors(猛禽),likethebaldeagle,andwaterfowl.”可知，像秃鹰和水禽之类的数量已经增加了。故选B项。6．Whydoduckandgoosepopulationsincrease?A．Tohuntforfun.B．Toproviderichfoods.C．Toescapenetloss.D．Tokeeppeoplehealthy.解析：选A推理判断题。根据第四段中的“It’sbecausehunterswhomainlywanttoseehealthywaterfowlpopulationsforsportfulhuntinghaveraisedtheirvoices.”可知，鸭子和鹅的数量增加，原因是猎人想看到有长得结实的水禽供他们打猎嬉戏。故选A项。7．WhatcanweinferfromElise’swordsinthelastparagraph?A．Birdlosscanbeabigproblem.B．Climatechangecausespartofbirdloss.C．Protectingbirdsisquitenecessary.D．Whatishappeningisworthconsidering.解析：选C推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，Elise认为鸟类数量的减少是一个大问题，还有一些鸟类正在消亡或不应该灭绝，所以我们要考虑做出努力来保护它们。故选C项。8．Howdoestheauthorsupportthesubjectofthetext?A．Bygivingexamples.B．Byshowingideas.C．Byexplainingnumbers.D．Byprovidingresearchresults.解析：选B推理判断题。纵览全文，作者分别引用了四位专家的观点来告诉我们：世界上的鸟类正不断消亡，我们要行动起来保护它们。故选B项。Ⅱ.阅读七选五Willtherebeanoutbreakofbirdfluthatthreatenshumans?Manyexpertsdisagreeonwhenorwhetherahumanpandemic(大流行病)willoccur,butdosaythereisachancethattheviruscouldmutate(变异),leadingtowidespreadinfection.1Here’swhatyouneedtoknowtohelpkeepyourselfhealthy.Stockuponfood,waterandhouseholdsupplies.Ifthereisabirdflupandemic,you’llwanttominimizeyourchanceofcatchingitbystayingindoors;youmightevenberequiredtostayhomeifthegovernmentasksthatpeopleremaininquarantine(隔离期).You’dbetterstockuptodayonatleast2­weekworthofessentialssuchaswater,food,emergencyandmedicalsupplies.2Haveanoutbreakplan.Itmayfeeloddoruncomfortabletotalktofamilymembersandlovedonesabouttheworst­casepandemicscenario.Butifthatscenariostrikes,you’llallbemuchbetteroffifyouhaveaplandecidedonandready.3 Figureouthowyouwouldcareforthemandwhatyourfirstresponseandresponsibilitieswouldbe;thisisanespeciallyimportantconversationtohavewiththosewithspecialcareneeds.4Thingslikekeepingabalanceddiet,exercisingregularlyandgettingsufficientrestcanhelpkeepyouhealthyinanoutbreakandalsokeepyoufromcatchingthecommoncold.Particularlyinafluoutbreaksituation,itwillbeimportanttowashourhandswithsoapandwaterforatleast20seconds.Bediligentaboutcoveringcoughsandsneezeswithtissues.Moreover,knowyouressentialhealthinformationsuchasbloodtype,allergies,andpastorcurrentmedicalconditions.Makealistofthatessentialinformationforallthemembersofyourfamily.5Anddomakesureeveryoneinyourhouseholdknowswheretofindit.A．Workoutregularlytostayslim.B．Pickupthehabitsofhealthybehavior.C．Itiswisetokeepitsomewheresafeandvisible.D．It’simportanttoaskyourselfthesequestionsbeforeapandemicoccurs.E．Talkwithyourfriendsandfamilyabouthowyou’drespondtoanepidemic.F．Inthatcase,thebestthingyoucandorightnowistoprepareforthatpossibility.G．Thatwillhelpyougetthroughanextendedtimeathomeifanoutbreakhappens.eq\x(语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人们需要了解的保持健康的知识。)1．选F根据空前的“Manyexpertsdisagreeonwhenorwhetherahumanpandemic(大流行病)willoccur,butdosaythereisachancethattheviruscouldmutate(变异),leadingtowidespreadinfection.”和空后的“Here’swh