2023年牛津英语7B期末复习知识点

nextto(prep.)紧邻，在近旁=by=beside;next(adj.)下一个nextweek/monthTherearetwentyrestaurantsintown.镇上有二十家餐馆。①表达某地有……，用therebe句型，谓语动词就近原则。②表达有事情要做，用therebesthtodo.Therearelotsofthings___________(see)inplacesofinterest.③表达有某人做某事，用therebesbdoingsth.Ongameshows,therearealwaysfamouspeople_____________(talk)abouttheirlives.ThebiggestoneinFifthstreet!在第五大街最大的那一家。√big-bigger-biggest√inFenghuangStreetonNanjingRoad词条用法示例one泛指，指代前面提到过的那类人或物，复数形式为onesThistiedoesn’tmatchmyshirt,wouldyouliketoshowmeanotherone？it特指，用来指代前面提到过的那个物Thebookisveryinteresting,wouldyouliketohavealookatit?Iliveinatown15milesfromLondon.我住在离伦敦15英里的一个镇上。befar(away)from离……远，但出现具体距离时，不用farenjoyacupoftea享受一杯茶enjoydoingsth=1\*GB3①Wehavegreatfun______________(play)witheachotherintheplayground.=2\*GB3②Whatgreatfunwehave___________(play)witheachotherintheplayground.=3\*GB3③It’sgreatfun______________(play)witheachotherintheplayground.Weoftenlistentomusicinbed.我们经常躺在床上听音乐。①inbed意为(躺)在床上，bed前无冠词修饰。beillinbed生病在床②inthebed在床里面，被窝里

Iwassotiredandwantedtosleepinthebedrightnow.=3\*GB3③onthebed表达某样东西在床上Thereisabookonthebed.床上有本书。Ihavemyownbedroomandbathroom.我有自己的卧室和浴室。★own①(adj.)自己的myowncartheirownhaveone’sown...=havesthofone’sown拥有某人自己的Ihave___________(我自己的)bedroom.=Ihavethebedroom_____________.②(vt.)拥有 owner(n.)物主，所有人He____(own)abigcompanyinNewYork.Heisthe_____(own)ofabigcompanyinNewYork.Francehasanareaofover260,000squaremiles.haveanareaof=be………insize面积为★square(adj.)平方的 squaremetre平方米②(n.)广场Tian’anmenSquare★over①超过=morethan在……上方强调正上方，反义词underThereisabridgeovertheriver.eq\o\ac(○,3)结束gameover=4\*GB3④goover复习thinkover仔细考虑Thanksbverymuch/thanksalotforsth/doingsth回答:That’sallright./You’rewelcome./Notatall./It’smypleasure.Yourhouseisreallydifferentfromtheflatshere.different是形容词，名词为difference★bedifferentfrom…和……不同，不同于……bethesameas和...同样Yourgardenisfullofflowers.你的花园充满了花。befullof=befilledwith充满...Iwouldliketoinvitemyfriendstowatchfilmswithmeattheweekend.★invite(v.)邀请invitation(n)邀请★invitesbtodosth邀请某人去做某事★invitesbtosomeplace邀请某人去某地或参与活动Eachroomhasanewcomputer.每间房间都有台新电脑。each用于两者及以上的每一个，后面可以直接跟of。如eachofthem/you/usevery用于三者及以上的每一个，后面不能直接跟of，如要表达每一个，可用everyone。如everyoneofthem/you/usEachstudent__________________(have)abookinhishand.Eachofthestudents__________________(have)abookinhishand.Thestudentseach__________________(have)abookinhishand.I'mafraidtheywon'twelcomevisitorslikeyou.恐怕他们不会欢迎像你这样的客人。★beafraidofsth/doingsth★beafraidtodosth★I'mafraidso/not.There'ssomethingwrongwithmycomputer.我的电脑坏了。★there'ssomethingwrongwithsth=sthisnotworkingwell=sthisbroken意为“某物失灵”★something,anything，nothing等不定代词,形容词，动词不定式，else等词修饰不定代词时，要后置nothinginteresting没什么有趣的anythingelse其他任何东西I'mgoingtoaskacomputerengineertocheckit.我打算叫一个电脑工程是来检查一下。◎asksb(not)todosth规定/请求某人(不)做某事◎ask(sb)forhelp（向某人）请求帮助◎ask(sb)forsth（向某人）规定得到某物◎asksbaboutsth询问某人关于某事You'reluckytoliveinaneighbourhoodlikethat,Simon.★lucky（adj.）luck(n.)luckily(adv.)beluckytodosth意为“很幸运做某事”★goodlucktosbwithsth祝某人某事好运Luckily,Igotthelasttickettotheconcert.=Iwasluckytogetthelasttickettotheconcert.I'msureyou'llbegoodatit.我拟定你将会做好它的。besuretodosth肯定做某事Wearesuretowin.我们肯定会赢。besure+that从句Wearesurehewillcometohelpus.sure(adv.)“当然可以”=certainlyMayIuseyourbike?Sure./Certainly.Iwanttohelpsickpeople.我想要帮助病人。★ill(adj.)=1\*GB3①病的besick=beillJackdidn'tcometoschool,becausehewassick/ill.★sick(adj.)=1\*GB3①恶心的Pleaseopenthewindow.Ifeelalittlesick.=2\*GB3②besickof……厌倦……Iamsickofreadingthesamebookeveryday.asickboy一个生病的男孩，anillboy坏男孩Doyouhaveanyproblems?你们有困难吗？haveproblems/trouble/difficultywithsth/indoingsth例：Doyouhaveproblemsindoingyourhomework?Theywillmakeyoufeelbetter!他们将使你感觉好些。◎makesbdosth使某人做某事Hemademestaywithhim.◎makesb/sth+形容词“使某人/某物……”Hetriedtomakethemhappy.feelwell指身体感觉舒适，没有毛病，这里well是形容词，“身体好的，健康的”反义词组feelsick,feelbetter感觉好些Areyouworryingaboutwhattoweartoapartyorhowtodesignyourhome?worryaboutsb/sth=beworriedaboutsb/sth紧张某人/某事或为某人/某事紧张Don'tworryaboutyourson.=Don'tbeworriedaboutyourson.worry+sb使某人烦恼/顾虑Thenewworkworrieshimsomuch.whattowear/howtodesignyourhome“疑问句+不定式结构”，作worryabout的宾语。Theywillbehappytogiveyousomeideas.behappy/willing/ready/gladtodosth很乐意做某事Anoldfriendofmineiscomingtoseeme.我的一位老朋友要来看我。anoldfriendofmine“我的一位老朋友”，该短语中of后用的是名词性物主代词。Iamafriendofhis. Maybewecanorderapizzamaybe“或许”副词Maybeheistallerthanme.maybe“或许是，也许是”Hemaybetallerthanme.I’dliketotaketheboystoourschool’sfootballfield.Wouldlikesth/todosth/sbtodosthWhynotdosth?Whydon’tyoudosth?Shallwedosth?Let’sdosth?Letusdosth?Beijingducksisveryfamous.befamousfor以……而出名/著名JayZhouisfamousassinger.befamousas作为……而出名CometothePalaceMuseum!祈使句是表达建议、命令或请求的句子，由“动词原形+其他成分”构成。否认形式：Don’t+动词原形Pleaseopenthedoor.=Openthedoor,please.Don’tplayfootballintheclassroom.Howfarisitfromthehotel?howfar多远对距离提问howoften对频率提问howold对年龄提问howmany对可数名词的数量提问howlong对一段时间提问howsoon多久对将来的时间提问howmuch对价格或不可数名词数量的提问howmanytimes多少次对次数的提问IwanttotalkaboutaCD,notsomethingelse.talkabout谈论讨论talkto/withsb与某人交谈wantsth/todosth/sbtodosthSometimeswerowaboatthere.sometime副词，意为“在某个时候”可与将来时连用，也可与过去时连用sometime名词词组意为“一段时间”sometimes频度副词，意为“有时，不时”常与一般现在时连用sometimes几次，几倍表次数或倍数。TheSunisabout1,300,000timeslargerthantheEarth.whattime什么时候Whattimedidyougetuptoday?Somefamiliesraisecows,andothersgrowwheat.Some,others表达“一些……，其他的”SomelikeChinese,andotherslikeEnglish.Onetheother一个……另一个……ontheoneside,ontheotherside在另一端Ihavetwopens.Oneisblack,theotherisred..Areyousure,Hobo?besuretodosth一定做某事 besureofsth对某事有把握besurethat从句There’sapathbetweenthehills.between介词表达“两者之间”between…and…among表达三者或者三者以上amongA、BandCLet’sgoonatrip!goonatrip“去旅行”“goonwithsth”=goondoingsth.goondoingsth指前后做同一件事情，但中间有间隔，相称于goonwithsth.goontodosth指前后做的不是同一件事情on的用法::comeon跟我来加油getonwith(sb)与(某人相处)holdon(foramoment)别挂断puton穿上；戴上；tryon试穿(衣服)turnon/off开(电灯无线电等)geton上(车)onfoot走路步行onone’swayto在途，在路上ontime准时onfire着火ontheleft/left在左(右)边onholiday休假度假intime及时It’snorthoftheschoolaboutthreemilesaway.它在我们学校北面大约三英里句中的“north”是表达方向的名词“be＋方位词＋of”表达“在……的方向”south-eastnorth-eastsouth-eastnorth-eastHeilongjiangisinthenorth-eastofChina.黑龙江在中国的东北Walkalongtheroad,tothenorthofthePandaHouseyou’llfindthelions.(1)Walkalong,“along”是介词，意思是“沿着”(2)句中的介词短语“tothenorthof”意思是“与某一地区不相接的北面”表达“在熊猫之家的北面”介词“in”则表达“在某地区范围之内的北方或北部”介词“on”则表达“与某一地区边界相接的北方”HebeiistothenorthofJiangsu.河北在江苏的北方BeijingisinthenorthofChina.北京在中国的北部withtheireyesopen/closed/openwide/withabookinherhandwith作介词，意为“具有，带有”结构“with+名词+形容词/介词短语”在句中做随着状语stop停止stopdoingsth停止做某事stoptodosth停下来去做另一件事Classbegins.Let’sstoptalking.Afteronehour’swalk,westoptohavearest.Theyturnedaroundbutsawnothing.turnaround转身;使翻转turnstharound/turnaroundsth，turn+代词+around“That’sstrange,”thetwogirlswereveryafraid.strangeadj.奇怪的陌生的bestrangetosb/sth对某人或某物感到陌生strangern.陌生人Don’ttalktothestrangers.Theylefttheparkquickly.leave动词离开，留下过去式leftleave不及物动词离开leavefor动身去某地WeareleavingforBeijing.及物动词留下leavesbsth给某人留下某物Myteacherleftmeafewbooks.Ontheirwayhome,theymetAndy.onone’s/thewayhome/toschool在去….的路上bytheway顺便说一下intheway挡路inthisway用这种方法insomeways在某些方面“whathappened?”Andyasked.sth+happen+地点/时间某地/某时发生了某事Anaccidenthappenedinthatstreet.sth+happento+sb某人出了某事（常指不好的事发生在某人身上）Whathappenedtoyou?sb+happen+todosth某人恰巧做某事Ihappentomeetherinthestreet.What’swrong=What’strouble=What’stheproblem=What’sthematter?=whatishappening?Hesearchedthebushes.searchsthforsth在….中搜寻….searchforsth寻找某物searchsb搜身Itwasveryweakweak作形容词虚弱的，无力的Theoldmanlooksveryweak.beweakin在某方面弱反义词begoodat=dowellin擅长begoodfor对….有益AndypickedupthelittlecatandwenttofindMillieandAmy.pickup捡起，拿起，捡起;半途搭载乘客，接人Jackpickedupthewalletinthestreet.WaithereandI’llpickyouupattwoo’clock.besurprisedatsb/sth对某人或者某物感到惊奇besurprisedtodosth做某事感到惊讶beamazedatIheardofayoungman.过去式：heardhearhear听到hearof/hearabout听说hearfrom收到某人的来信theotherday那几天；前几天使用一般过去时态Iwenttovisitmyuncletheotherday.theother另一个，可作代词也可作名词，指两者中的另一个，或者把整体部分分为两部分，指其中的一部分。theothers=theother+名词复数Ihavetwofriends.OneisLinda,theotherisBill.another另一个指三者或者三者以上中的另一个Thiscakeissodelicious.CanIhaveanotherone?other其他的，别的形容词后接名词复数Youshouldbefriendlytootherstudents.others=other+名词复数Somepeoplelikesports,andotherslikemusic.as...as和……同样中间接形容词副词的原级表达记录事物之间的.asas用于肯定句，否认句中，asas或notasas.Thewatchisascheapasthatone.soas只用于否认句notsoascall叫，喊;给……打电话callsb称（某人）为……，取名HisfriendscallhimBob.被称作…aboycalledTomhurryvi.急忙，匆忙n.匆忙，急忙hurriedadj.匆忙的，草率的hurryup快点（表达催促）don'thurry不要急，别着急inahurry匆忙，急忙hurrytodosth.赶紧/匆忙做某事tiredadj.疲倦的，累的be/feeltiredoftiringadj.令人感到无聊（主语通常是物）excited—exciting;surprised—surprising;amazed—amazingtryvi.&n.尝试Haveatry尝试一下，试一下Trytodosth尽力做某事=Try/doone’sbesttodosthTrydoingsth尝试做某事lookup向上看，查找lookfor寻找lookat看lookout向外看，当心小心lookforwardto(doing)期盼looklike=belike看起来像lookdown向下看lookdownupon/onsb看不起，瞧不起lookafter=takecareoflookafter……well=takegoodcareof……lookoutatsth向外看……lookoutof…朝……的外面carefuladj.carefullyadv.carelessadj.carelessnessn.seesbdoingsth看见某人正在做某事seesbdosth看见某人做了某事hear/watchsbdoingsthhear/watchsbdosthrunacrossthefield从田地穿过※across，介词，“穿过”（指从物体表面的穿过，横过），多与动词连用goacross,walkacross….※cross，动词，“穿过”（指从物体表面的穿过）crosstheroad过马路※through,介词,强调从中间穿过,gothrough穿过eg.Throughthewindow,thesunshinesin.※over，“从…上面越过，横过”常与动态动词连用；表静态时，指“在彼处”aloneadj.独自的,相称于byoneselfbealone独自一人adv.独自地workalonefindoneselfalone…发现自己一个人lonelyadj.孤独的feellonelyfailvt&vi失败，不及格failuren.失败failtodosthfailinsth/doingsthsuccessn.succeedv.successfuladj.Failureisthemotherofsuccess.raisemoneyfor“为…募集资金”Weoftenraisemoneyfortheoldputout意为“扑灭；熄灭”putitoutputoutthefire/smoke/yourcigarette与put构成的短语尚有puton穿上putup举起；张贴；搭建putoff推迟put…into…把…放进…beillinhospital意为“生病住院”gotohospitalgotoschoolinthehospital意为“在医院”gotothehospitalgototheschooldowellin=begoodat表达“…做得好”begoodfor“对….有好处”dobetterin“…做得更好”attheageof意为“在…岁的时候”，与时间状语从句when…was/were…(yearsold)意义相同Westartedtogotoschoolattheagetheageofsix.=Westartedtogotoschoolwhenweweresix(yearsold).the79-year-oldMrsSun，athree-day-oldpandaathree-month-oldbabyCanyoushowmehowtoplayit？特殊疑问词+todosth，Idon’tknowhowIcanlookafterthelittledog.=Idon’tknowhowtolookafterthelittledog.recommendsbforanaward意为“推荐某人获得奖项”recommendsbasthechairperson/monitor/groupleader“推荐某人作主席/班长/组长”recommendsbtobe“推荐某人担任…”takepartin表达“参与（群众性活动、会议等），参与者往往持积极态度，并在活动中发挥积极作用”We’lltakeanactivepartinthesportsmeeting.join也表达“参与”之意，指加入某党派、某组织或社会团队，成为其中的一员jointhearmy/thePartyjoinin虽然也可表达“参与”，但通常指参与小规模的活动，如：球赛、游戏等。Comeon,andjoinintheballgame.快，来参与球赛。lose作及物动词，表达“丢失；迷失”lose-lost-lostlostadj.丢失的；迷失的belost=getlostloseone’sway迷路loseone’schance丢失机会loseone’slife失去生命 Bringmesthtoeat.bringsb.sth=bringsthtosb.（toeat为动词不定式，修饰sth.动词不定式修饰代词或名词，常位于所修饰词之后）bring“拿来，带来”，表达将东西拿给说话者。反义词：take“带去”takesbto带某人到……takesbtodosth带某人（去）做某事类似bring可以接双宾语的词有：show；give;take;teach;buysthforsb=buysbsthgivesbsth=givesthtosb给某人某东西teachhimtospeakteachsb(how)todosth.teachsbsth=teachsthtosbteachoneself=learn…….byoneself“自学”feedhercarrots(feed–fed-fed)vt.“喂养；喂”feedsbsth=feedsthtosb(Feedon“以…为食”)swimaroundaroundadv.四处，到处，四周prep.围绕，在…附近，在…….周边Swimaround“四处游动，游来游去”Lookaround到处看看runafter追逐，追求=chaseRunaway逃跑runout(of)用光，用尽Buildmecampsoutofsticksbuild-built-builtbuildoutof=use…tobuild.Webuilthorsesoutofbricksandstones.fight.(fight-fought-fought)fightv.打架n.打架fightwithsb=haveafightwithsb与…打架fightforsth为某事而打架till/until在肯定句中“到….时，直到….为止”ShelivedinTokyotill/untilshedied.在否认句中，表达“在….以前”“直到…..才Tomdidn’tcomebacktill/untilmidnight.allthetime一直，总是Shewearsasmileonherfaceallthetime.time相关的词组：everytimehaveagoodtimeintimeontimeatthesametimeatthattimefromtimetotimeagreev.赞成；批准agreementn.disagreev.不赞成；不批准disagreementn.agreetodosth批准做某事Agreewithsb/sth批准某人或批准某人说的话agreedthatIdon’tagree=Idisagreeweighupto重达….upto达成，至多…weighv.重，有多重weightn.重量lose/putonweightweighabout40grams对于重量的提问用howmuchHowmuchdoesagoldfishweigh?=What’stheweightofagoldfish? noisen.声音；噪音noisyadj.吵闹的noisilyadv.吵闹地makenoise It’sdangeroustoswiminthelake.bedangeroustoswim，“游泳很危险”。“be+形容词+todosth”,意为“做某事怎么样”。句型结构为“itis+形容词+todosth”Eg.Itishappytoseeyouagain.Itis+形容词+forsb+todosth，“对于某人来说做某事怎么样”Itis+形容词+ofsb+todosth，“某人做某事怎么样”eg.Itisdifficultforeveryonetopassthistest.Itisgenerousofyoutosharethingswithyourfriends.Shedranksomemore.somemore，“再来一些”为“数字+more+名词”，来表达“再来多少东西”=“another+数字+名词”eg.Iwouldliketwomoreoranges,please.=Iwouldlikeanothertwooranges,please.Alicewassmallenoughtogothroughthedoor.“too+形容词+todosth”可与“be+形容词+enough+todosth”进行结构转换。enough在句子中作副词，修饰形容词或副词时放在后面，修饰名词时放在名词之前Sheisoldenoughtogotoschool.Irunfastenoughtokeepupwiththebus.Hehasenoughmoneytobuyacar.Thatboywastoopoortobuythecake.=Thatboywasnotrichenoughtobuythecake.Howamazing!感慨句：How+adj/adv+主语+谓语！What+a/an+adj+n.+主语+谓语！Eg.Howamazingthisrabbitis!Whatabraveyoungman.Whatfineweatheritistoday!Whatgreatfunitistogohikinginspring!Whatagood/wonderfultimetheyarehavingplayingbasketball!Remembertotakeyourmobilephone,Amy.remembertodosth（未做）forgettodosth，（未做）rememberdoingsth（已做）forgetdoingsth（已做）Yplainvi投诉，抱怨，complain(tosb)about/ofsthcomplainthattoomuch“太多”用来修饰动词或不可数名词toomany“太多”用来修饰可数名词复数muchtoo“太，非常”用来修饰形容词或副词Holditinmyhand.hold-held-held“拿，握住，抓住”。Theboyisholdingabigdollinhisarms.“举行”holdaparty/sportsmeeting“容纳”Theroomisbigenoughtohold200people.holdon“别挂断;连续”Holdon,please.Sheisn’tanytrouble.troublen&v.麻烦havesometrouble/problems/difficultyindoingsthWhat’sthetroublewithyou?=What’sthematterwithyou?=what’swrongwithyou?Beintrouble处在困境getintotrouble陷入困境outoftrouble摆脱困境Whatdoesitlooklike?它看上去什么样？Whatdoes…..looklike?询问人或物的外貌特性Whatdoesyourfatherlooklike?Whatis…..like?可询问人或物的外貌特性，也可询问性格特性--Whatareyourfriendslike?Theyarefriendlyandhelpful.Whatdoes…..like?询问喜欢什么Whatdoesyourfriendslike?Theylikefish.Grammar◆基数词1、表顺序。由单数名词+基数词，此时名词和基数词第一个字母大写。如：ClassOne,RoomFive,LessonTen,Page108,No.9MiddleSchool,BusNo.12、确数与概数的表达确数：基数词+计数单位的单数（hundred,thousand,million,billion）+名词复数Therearesixhundredworkersinthisfactory.注意：①hundred,thousand,million,billion用单数②severalhundredstudents几百个学生概数：计数单位的复数（hundreds,thousands,millions,billions）+of+名词的复数ThousandsofvisitorshavecometoHangzhouinthelasttwoweeks.注意：twohundredofthestudents学生中的两百个3、“整十”的基数词的复数形式可用于表达“几十年代”或“在某人多少岁时”Inthe1960s 在二十世纪六十年代Mymotherisinherforties.. 我的妈妈四十多岁。◆序数词1、第一到第三需逐个记忆 first,second,third2、第四到第十九，特殊的是：fifth,eighth,ninth,twelfth。其余都由相应的基数词加th构成。3、20-90之间“第几十”的序数词由相应的基数词去掉y加iethtwentieth,thirtieth,fortieth,fiftieth,sixtieth,seventieth,eightieth,ninetieth4、21-99之间的“第几十几”的序数词，前面的十位数用基数词，后面的个位用序数词，中间用连词符连接。如：twenty-first,twenty-ninth,seventy-eighth。5、100hundredth第一百对比以下序数的写法：fourth,fourteenth,fortieth ninth,nineteenth,ninetieth11th,12th,13th， 21st,22nd,23rd,序数词的用法1、序数词表顺序时，前要加定冠词the，有物主代词或名词所有格不需要加the。Thesecondpictureisverybeautiful.第二幅图很美丽。Todayisgrandma’sninetiethbirthday.2、表达考试或比赛等的名次时，通常不加冠词。Hecame__________(four)inthedrawingcompetition.3、序数词前也可以用不定冠词a/an,表达“再一，又一”。I’vetriedtwice,butI’lltryathirdtime.我已经试过两次了，但我将再试一次。4、表日期中的“日”。2023年7月65、分数的表达：分子基数词，分母序数词，分子大于一，分母加s1/3的学生onethirdofthestudents.4/5的学生fourfifthsofthestudents◆一般将来时（SimpleFutureTense）1.定义：表达将来发生的动作或情况2.三种结构：(1).will+动词原型(2).shall+动词原形(3).begoingto+动词原形Hewillplaycardswithhisbrotherthisevening.Ishallmeetmyfriendsintheparktomorrow.SheisgoingtovisitherunclenextMonday.3.否认句和疑问句否认句：will/shall+not+do(won't/shan't+do)am/is/are+not+goingto+do疑问句：Will/Shall+主语+do;Am/Is/Are+主语+goingtodo=1\*GB3①Schoolwillbeoverintwohours.→Schoolwillnotbeoverintwohours.→Willschoolbeoverintwohours?Weshalltakeabustoschoolnextweek.→Shallwetakeabustoschoolnextweek?=2\*GB3②Thepolicemenaregoingtocatchthethiefthisafternoon.→Thepolicemenaren'tgoingtocatchthethiefthisafternoon.→Arethepolicemengoingtocatchthethiefthisafternoon?4.常用的时间状语A.由tomorrow组成的，