2023届高三第一次调研考试英语试卷

Word第第页2023届高三第一次调研考试英语试卷Thankstotheeffortsinenvironmentalprotection,thewetlandhasbeen_____toitsoriginalappearance.

A.restoredB.delivered

C.transferredD.drafted

Thevillageevolvedintoamajore-commercecenter,and_____thepast,thevillagersowedtheirsuccesstothereformandopening-uppolicy.

A.reviewedB.reviewing

C.toreviewD.beingreviewed

—Tedhasneverbeensorude!

—He______somethingheshouldn’thave,butIguesshedidn’tmeanthat.

A.hassaidB.hadsaid

C.saidD.wassaying

Jack’sfellowworkersoftenturntohimforhelpwhentrappedintroublebecauseheisa_____ofideas.

A.fountainB.session

C.diagramD.resource

ThepressshouldexpanditsinfluenceininternationalpublicopiniontomakeChina’svoicebetter____intheworld.

A.hearingB.tobeheard

C.hearD.heard

Takingtargetedmeasurestohelppeopleliftthemselvesoutofpoverty,_____hasbeenpredicted,isfruitful.

A.whatB.which

C.asD.that

Sincethematchisover,wecan____bytravellingandstopthinkingaboutbasketball.

A.diveinB.switchoff

C.pulloutD.splitup

Tomakeabreakthroughinhisscientificresearch,thescientisthasbeenmakinga(n)_____amountofeffort.

A.modestB.miserable

C.optionalD.tremendous

—Kevin,timeforthenextdestination!

—Nohurry!Another15minutesandwe_____alltheexhibitionroomsofthemuseum.

A.amexploringB.haveexplored

C.willexploreD.willhaveexplored

Ifithadnotbeenfortheheroes’contributionsandsacrifices,we_____suchahappylife.

A.wouldn’thaveledB.wouldn’tbeleading

C.haven’tledD.arenotleading

Thebusdroppedmeoffandpulledaway_____IrealizedIhadleftmybagonit.

A.whileB.before

C.afterD.since

Ifwesurroundourselveswithpeople_____ourmajorpurpose,wecangettheirsupportandencouragement.

A.insympathywithB.intermsof

C.inhonourofD.incontrastwith

Itwasannouncedthatonlyafterthecandidates’paperswerecollected_____toleavetheroom.

A.hadtheybeenpermittedB.wouldtheybepermitted

C.thattheywouldbepermittedD.thattheyhadbeenpermitted

—-Whatdifferencewillitmake_____weshallgototheconcertonTuesdayorSaturday

—Theyofferadiscountonweekdays.

A.thatB.when

C.ifD.why

—Whatamess!You’realwaysthrowingthingsabout.

—Don’tbe____,Mum.Iwilltidyitupnow.

A.hotunderthecollarB.oncloudnine

C.offthetopofyourheadD.downinthedumps

二、完形填空

WhenIwas13yearsold,Istoppedspeaking.I’mstillnotexactlysure_________一IthinkIfeltthatwordsgotmeintotrouble.Theboysinmyclasswerealways_________me,tellingmetoshutup.Oneday,I_________intouncontrollablesobsbehindthesportshall.

Sothroughoutmy_________,Iclammedup一dealingwiththewiderworldonlyinwhispersandshrugs.My

isolation(孤立〕ledtoindescribable_________thatnothingcouldrelieve.Icouldn’t________orsocialise.Then,at15,apsychologistsaw_______inme—ShesaidIwasinintelligentbut_______,andneededtochangeschoolsforafreshstart.

Myparentssentmetoadifferentcomprehensive.IknewnooneandIhadthechanceto_______myself.Cheeredbythepsychologist’s_______inme,Iworkedhardandbecameaswot(刻苦学习的人).Asaresult,myparentswere_______.Finallyat20,Iwasreferredtoapsychiatristandhediagnosedmewithamildformofautism(自闭症).Itwassucha(n)_______toknowwhatwashappeningthatIcriedonthebusonthewayhome.

Ittookafurtherfiveyearsto_______again,adecisionthatwasasmuchasurprisetomeasitwastoeveryoneelse.I_______myselfhard,becomingmoreconfident.Gradually,I_______myspeech.Idefinitelygetmorethanusualpleasurefromtheuseof______.It’sstillsuchafreshexperienceforme______differentwords—onesthatcansoundsocomplex,andcarrysomuch______.

WhenIthinkofwhatIhave______,Ifeellikecrying,butIdon’t______itupanymore.Instead,Ienjoytalkingaboutit.

1.A.whenB.whyC.howD.where

2.A.encouragingB.teasingC.ignoringD.praising

3.A.collapsedB.dividedC.lookedD.laughed

4.A.teensB.experiencesC.educationD.life

5.A.tirednessB.boredomC.lonelinessD.guilt

6.A.waitB.singC.mixD.move

7.A.potentialB.weaknessC.justiceD.ambition

8.A.arbitraryB.innocentC.conventionalD.insecure

9.A.entertainB.abandonC.comfortD.reinvent

10.A.interestB.faithC.investmentD.patience

11.A.proudB.passiveC.cautiousD.curious

12.A.surpriseB.embarrassmentC.pityD.relief

13.A.complainB.connectC.studyD.speak

14.A.struckB.drewNC.pushedD.rushed

15.A.putoutB.builtupC.lookedthroughD.tookdown

16.A.languageB.knowledgeC.wisdomD.imagination

17.A.discoveringB.underliningC.compilingD.creating

18.A.responsibilityB.flexibilityC.emotionD.depression

19.A.heldontoB.lookedforwardtoC.stayedawayfromD.missedouton

20.A.sumB.bottleC.thinkD.polish

三、阅读理解

Travellingwithskiingorsnowboardingequipmentcanbeabitofaneffort,particularlyifyou’reswappingbetweenbuses,trainsandplanes.Takeasimpler,moredirectroutetothefourAlpineoptionsontheEurostaratLondonSt.PancrasInternationalorAshford.

LaRosière

SainteFoy

Greatskiconditionsaren’taone-offhere,thanksto

Theslopesarequiet,theliftqueuesnon-existent,

theresort’shighaltitudeanditsmostlysouth-

andsnowyforestsandbreathtakingmountain

facingandthereforesunny-slopes.It’safamily

viewsdominate(掌握〕youreyeline.Thisresortis

friendlyresortandkidswillenjoyskiingthrough

notaplacetocomeifyouliketoparty,butit’sa

thetreesandtunnelsonadventuretrail.

greatchoiceforthosewhowanttoprogresson

wide,emptypistes.

Motiers

Tignes

Itisagoodresortforfirst-timeskiers.Thosenew

ItmaynotbetheprettiestresortintheFrenchAlps,

tothesportcanbookaholidaysafeinthe

butwhatitlacksincuteness,itmorethanmakesup

knowledgethatthey’renotstuckupasnowy

forinconvenience,takingtheconceptofski-inski-

mountainifthesportisn’tforthem.Thetownitself

outtoawholenewlevel.Itshigh-qualitysnow

hasaMuseumofPopularTraditions.

conditionsareallbutguaranteed.

Needtoknow

Youcantakeonepairofskisoronesnowboardonboardwithyouinadditiontoyourstandardadult

luggageallowance.Forsafetyreasons,skisandsnowboardshavetobekeptinaprotectivecasethat

coversthewholeitem.

There’satravelclasstosuiteverybudgetandstyle.Thoughtheseatsareroomyandcomfortable,it’s

worthnothingtherearenosleeperbunkbeds.WithfreeWi-Fiforall,youcanstayconnectedalltheway.

1.Ifoneislookingforapeacefulandcrowd-freeskiresort,hewillprobablychoose_____.

A.LaRosièreB.SainteFoy

C.MotiersD.Tignes

2.Fromthepassage,wecanknowthat_________.

A.theEurostarofferseasyaccesstopopularAlpineskiresorts.

B.thereisnorestrictiononwell-protectedequipmentonboard.

C.travelerscanhaveagoodsleeponcomfortablebunkbedsonboard

D.freeWi-Fiisprovidedonboardfortravellerswhoupgradetheirtravelclass

Whenadriverslamsonthebrakestoavoidhittingapedestriancrossingtheroadillegally,sheismakingamoraldecisionthatshiftsriskfromthepedestriantothepeopleinthecar.Self-drivingcarsmightsoonhavetomakesuchethical(道德的)judgmentsontheirown—butsettlingonauniversalmoralcodeforthevehiclescouldbeatoughtask,suggestsasurvey.

Thelargesteversurveyofmachineethics,calledtheMoralMachine,laidout13possiblesituationsinwhichsomeone’sdeathwasunavoidable.Respondentswereaskedtochoosewhotospareinsituationsthatinvolvedamixofvariables:youngorold,richorpoor,morepeopleorfewer.Within18months,theonlinequizhadrecorded40milliondecisionsmadebypeoplefrom233countriesandterritories.

Whentheresearchersanalysedtheseanswers,theyfoundthatthenationscouldbedividedintothreegroups.OnecontainsNorthAmericaandseveralEuropeannationswhereChristianityhasbeenthedominant(占支配地位的)religion;anotherincludescountriessuchasJapan,IndonesiaandPakistan,withstrongConfucianorIslamictraditions.AthirdgroupconsistsofcountriesinCentralandSouthAmerica,suchasColombiaandBrazil.Thefirstgroupshowedastrongerpreferenceforsacrificingolderlivestosaveyoungeronesthandidthesecondgroup,forexample.

Theresearchersalsoidentifiedrelationshipsbetweensocialandeconomicfactorsinacountry.Theyfoundthatpeoplefromrelativelywealthycountrieswithstronginstitutions,suchasFinlandandJapan,moreoftenchosetohitpeoplewhosteppedintotrafficillegallythandidrespondentsinnationswithweakerinstitutions,suchasNigeriaorPakistan.

Peoplerarelyfacesuchmoraldilemmas,andsomecitiesquestionwhetherthepossiblesituationsposedintheonlinequizarerelevanttotheethicalandpracticalquestionssurroundingdriverlesscars.Buttheresearchersarguethatthefindingsrevealculturaldifferencesthatgovernmentsandmakersofself-drivingcarsmusttakeintoaccountiftheywantthevehiclestogainpublicacceptance.

AtleastBarbaraWege,whoheadsagroupworkingonautonomous-vehicleethicsatAudiinIngolstadt,Germany,sayssuchstudiesarevaluable.Wegearguesthatself-drivingcarswouldcausefeweraccidents,proportionally,thanhumandriversdoeachyear—butthatpeoplemightfocusmoreoneventsinvolvingrobots.

SurveyssuchastheMoralMachinecanhelptobeginpublicdiscussionsabouttheseunavoidableaccidentsthatmightdeveloptrust.“Weneedtocomeupwithasocialconsensus,”shesays,“aboutwhichriskswearewillingtotake.”

1.Whyisitdifficulttosetuniversalmoralrulesforprogrammingself-drivingcars

A.Socialvaluesalwayschangewiththetimes.

B.Moralchoicesvarybetweendifferentcultures.

C.Drivershaveapreferenceforsacrificingtheweak.

D.Carmakersarefacedwithdecisionsoflifeordeath.

2.Theresearchersconductedthestudyby_____.

A.usingamassiveonlinequizworldwide

B.comparingdifferentculturesandcustoms

C.dividingtherespondentsintothreegroups

D.performingaseriesofcontrolledexperiments

3.Accordingtothestudy,inwhichcountryaredriversmorelikelytohitapedestriancrossingtheroadillegally

A.NigeriaB.Colombia

C.FinlandD.Indonesia

4.BarbaraWegewouldprobablyagreethat_____.

A.Self-drivingcarswillgreatlyimprovethetrafficenvironment

B.Accidentscausedbyself-drivingcarsmightreceivemoreattention

C.Problemsinvolvingself-drivingcarsmightshakethepublictrustinsociety

D.Carmakersneedn’ttaketheriskofsolvingself-drivingcarethicaldilemmas

Statisticsoftensoundslikeadrysubject,butsometimesit’snecessarytotakeastatisticscoursetogetthecorrectanswertothisproblem.Takethefollowingcaseforexample:afootballscout(球探〕hearsofaplayerwhohaspoweredhisteamtoagoodwin-lossrecord.Hiscoachesthinkhe’soneofthemosttalentedplayersthey’veseen.Butthescoutisunimpressedbytheonepracticegameheseeshimin;hetellshismanagerit’snotworthtryingtorecruit(录用〕theplayer.

Mostsportsfanswouldthinkthatwasaprettyfoolishdecision,rightAthleticperformanceismuchtoovariabletobaseanimportantjudgmentonsuchasmallsample.Butconsiderthisproblem:anemployergetsanapplicationfromajuniorexecutive(主管人员〕withanexcellentcollegerecordandstrongreferencesfromhiscurrentemployer.Theemployerinterviewstheapplicantandisunimpressed.Theemployertellshiscolleaguesthatit’snotworthwhilerecruitinghim.

Mostpeopleregardthisasareasonablesortofdecision.Butitisn’t.Countlessstudiesshowthattheunstructured30-minuteinterviewisvirtuallyworthlessasapredictoroflong-termperformancebyanycriteriathathavebeenexamined.

Inbothcases,predictionsbasedonreferences-schoolreports,priorperformance,lettersofrecommendation-givea65-75%chanceofchoosingthebetterofthetwo.

WhydowegettheathleticproblemrightandtheemploymentproblemwrongBecauseinthecaseofthejob,unlikeforathleticperformance,wehaven’tseenhundredsofcandidatesininterviewsofaparticulartypeandseenhowwellperformanceintheinterviewcorrespondstoultimate(最终的.〕performanceinthesettingwe’reconcernedabout.Wehaven’tseenthattheguywholookslikeafoolintheinterviewturnsouttobecleveronthejobandtheguywhodoeswellintheinterviewturnsouttobeaverage.Theonlywaytoseethattheinterviewisn’tgoingtobeworthmuchistobeabletoapplythe“lawoflargenumbers”，whichassiststherecognitionthataninterviewrepresentsaverysmallsampleofbehavior.

Thebottomline:there’ssafetyinnumbers.Themorerecommendationsapersonhas,themorepositivetheoutcomeislikelytobefortheemployer.Considerthejobinterview:it’snotonlyatinysample,it’snotevenasampleofjobbehaviorbutofsomethingelseentirely.Psychologicaltheoryanddatashowthatweareincapableoftreatingtheinterviewdataaslittlemorethanunreliablegossip.It’sjusttoocompelling(强迫性的〕thatwe’velearnedalotfromthose30minutes.

Myrecommendationisnottointerviewatallunlessyou’regoingtodevelopaninterviewprotocol(体系),withthehelpofaprofessional,whichisbasedoncarefulanalysisofwhatyouarelookingforinajobcandidate.Andthenaskexactlythesamequestionsofeverycandidate.It’shardertodevelopsuchaprotocolthanyoumightguess.Butitcanreallypayoff.

1.Thecasesinthefirsttwoparagraphsaremeantto_____.

A.illustratetheinfluenceoffans

B.showtheweaknessesofscouts

C.attachimportancetointerviews

D.introducethetopicofthepassage

2.Theauthorbelievesthat____.

A.thesettinginthejobinterviewistooartificialtobeconvincing

B.asuccessfulcandidateusuallyusestrickstocoverhisrealcharacters

C.asmallsampleisnotenoughtomakeageneralizedjudgementofacandidate

D.thenumberofcandidateshasn’tsatisfiedtherequirementsforajobinterview

3.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage

A.Howemployeesareselected

B.Wherestatisticsareavailable

C.Whyjobinterviewsarepointless

D.Whenrecommendationsareneeded

TensofthousandsofyounginBritainwhoarestrugglingwiththeirmentalhealthareseekinghelponlineforproblemssuchasanxiety,self-harm,anddepression.

Soaringnumbersofunder-18sareturningtoapps,onlinecounsellingand“mooddiaries”tohelpthemmanageandrecoverfromconditionsthathaveleftthemfeelinglow,isolatedand,insomecases,suicidal.

Agenerationofyoungpeopleareattractedbybeingabletoreceivefast,personalcareandadviceusingtheirphoneratherthanhavingtowaitupto18monthstobetreatedbyanNHSmentalheathprofessional.

TheshiftcomesasministerspreparethemselvesforpublicationonThursdayofthefirstnewfiguresfor13yearsshowinghowcommonmentalhealthproblemsareintheyoungmainlyasaresultoftheemergenceofsocialmediaanditsuseinfuellingfeelingsofinadequacy.

Thenumberofunder-18susingKooth,afreeonlinecounselling(询问的〕service,hasshotupfrom20,000in20xxto65,000lastyear,andisforecasttorisefurtherto100,000thisyear.

OnehundredNHSclinicalcommissioninggroupsacrossEngland,morethanhalfthetotal,havenowcommissionedtheservice.Ithelpsyoungpeoplesufferingfromanxiety,lowmood,poorself-worthorconfidence,self-harmandloneliness.

“Youngpeoplelikethefacttheycantalktoacounselloreitherinstantly,orwithin10minutes,foruptoanhourintheevenings.Theylovethatimmediacy”，saidAaronSefi,theresearchandevaluationdirectoratXenZone,thecompanybehindKooth.

“Theyalsolovetheanonymityinvolved,becausetheycansignupwithoutgivingtheirpersonaldetails.Plus,they’reincontrol,becausetheyarechoosingtocontactusratherthanbeingtoldtodoso.”

Inaddition,123,138peopleintheUKdownload.CalmHarm,anNHS-approvedappthathelpspeopleself-harmlessoftenornotatall,betweenApril20xxandthismonth.

“UserstellusthatCalmHarmhelpswithsuicidalthoughtsandintent,”saidDr.NiharaKrause,theconsultantclinicalpsychologistwhodevelopedtheapp.“Currently92%ofourusers,whoaremainlyfemaleandoftenaged15-21,saytheurgereduced.”

CalmHarmisamong18appsthatNHSEnglandhasendorsed(支持〕tohelpcopewithmentalill-health.TheyalsoincludeBluelce,whichhelpsyoungpeoplemanagetheiremotionsusingamooddiaryandautomaticrouting(自动转接)toemergencyhelpnumbersiftheirurgestoself-harmcontinue.

Expertswelcomedthetrendbutwarnedthatonlinehelpmustcomplement,notreplace,face-to-faceappointmentswiththerapists,psychologistsandpsychiatrists.

“Mostyoungpeoplespendmuchoftheirtimeonline,anditcanfeeleasierforthemtocommunicatethroughmessagingandonlineservicesthanface-to-face,”saidTomMadders,campaignsdirectoratYoungMinds,whichhelpspeopleunder26.

“Evidence-basedmentalhealthappsandonlinesupportservicescanbereallybeneficialinhelpingyoungpeopletolookaftertheirownmentalhealth,developstrategiesforcopingwithdifficultemotions,andgetaccessibleinformationandadvicewhentheyneedit.”

ClaireMurdoch,NHSEngland’snationalmentalhealthdirector,said:“Technologyisconstantlyevolvingandyoungpeopleareusuallyattheforefront,soit’snosurpriseincreasingnumbersareturningtoserviceslikethesewhichcancertainlyplayapart,particularlywhenbackedupbyface-to-facesupport.”

TheNHS’sforthcominglong-termplan,duenextmonth,will“harness(利用〕allofthebenefitstheseadvancementscanbring”，sheadded.

Meanwhile,37%oftheyoungpeoplereferredtoNHSchildandadolescentmentalhealthservices(Camhs)inEnglandlastyearwererefusedhelp,thechildren’scommissionerhasrevealed.

InananalysisofCamhscarepublishedonThursday,thechildren’scommissionerforEngland,AnneLongfield,saysthatdespitepromisesbypoliticiansandNHSbossestoimproveaccess,“avastgapremainsbetweenwhatisprovidedandwhatchildrenneed”.

Whileshefoundimprovementsinseveralareasofcare,includingcareforeatingdisorders,newmothersandunder-18sinthecriminaljusticesystem,overall“thecurrentrateofprogressisstillnotgoodenoughforthemajorityofchildrenwhorequirehelpbutarenotreceivingit”.

1.Onlinehelpcanbecharacterizedas.______

A.instant,confidentialandcontrollable

B.attractive,convenientandsymbolic

C.effective,accessibleandcontroversial

D.considerate,authenticandimpractical

2.Teenagerssufferfrommentalproblemsmainlybecause______.

A.theylackprofessionalguidance

B.theytendtobemoreself-centred

C.socialmediamakethemfeellessconfident

D.socialmediakeepthemdistantfromeachother

3.CalmHarmhelpsteenagersto_____.

A.keepajournaloftheirmoods

B.managetheirfeelingofstress

C.reducetheurgetoharmthemselves

D.improvetheirself-identityandconfidence

4.Expertsbelievethatonlinehelpcan______.

A.strengthenbondsbetweenteenagerswithmentalillnesses

B.playaroleinpushingforwardthecutting-edgeadvance

C.replaceface-to-faceappointmentswithprofessionals

D.serveasacomplementtoface-to-faceappointments

5.AccordingtoAnneLongfield,NHSchildandadolescentmentalhealthservices______.

A.haveliveduptotheirexpectationsandpromises

B.arereluctanttohelpteenagerswithmentalillnesses

C.willcompletetheirambitiousforthcominglong-termplan

D.needtostruggletomeettheincreasingneedsofteenagers

6.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout

A.Thepopularityofonlineappsintreatingteenagers’mentalillnesses.

B.Thecontrastsbetweenonlinehelpservicesandface-to-facesupport.

C.Theinfluenceofteenagers’mentalillnessesononlinehelpservices.

D.Thedrawbackswiththeexistingadolescentmentalhealthservices.

四、任务型阅读

请仔细阅读以下短文，并依据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。

留意：每个空格只填1个单词。请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。

Lifecanbeoverwhelming(令人不知所措的).Wewanttodoasmuchaswecan,seetheworld,learnnewthings—anditcanallgetabittoomuch.Sometimeswereachapointwhenwefeelthatwecannolongerbeinterestedineverything.Wehavetoshutsomeoflifeout,andwedon’tlikethat.Wearelivingunderthefalseassumptionthattoknowanythingworthwhiletakesyearsofstudy,sowemightaswellforgetit.

Butsometimesinsideusrebels.Westillwanttolearnnewthingsandmakenewthings.Theydon’thavetobebigthings.Copingwithtoobigachallengecanbedaunting(令人怯步的〕.Thesecretistobea“micromaster”byperfectinglotsandlotsofsmallthings—forabigpayoff.

Amicromasteryisaself-containedunitofdoing,completeinitself,butconnectedtoagreaterfield.Youcanperfectthatsinglethingandmoveontobiggerthings.Amicromasteryisthewaywelearnaskids.Youneverabsorballthefundamentalsstraightaway一youlearnonecoolthing,thenanother.PsychologistMihalyCsikszentmihalyihaswrittenabout“flow”一astateinwhichtimeseemstobesuspendedbecauseourinvolvementinwhatwe’redoingissogreat.Amicromastery，becauseitisrepeatablewithoutbeingrepetitious,hasalltheelementsthatallowustoenteraflowstate,whichproducesgreatcontentment.

Aswegetolderourdefaultsetting(默认设置〕becomes“off”not“on”.Westopgettinginterestedinnewthingsbecausewehaven’tgotenoughtimeorenergy.Thisisanexcusebutwhocanblameuswhenwehearweneed10,000hoursto“master”something.Micromasteryslicesthroughalltheexcuses.Youstartwithsomethingsosmallandeasythatitdoesn’timpactonyourlifeexceptpositively.

WeenvythepersonwhohasaperfectFrenchaccent,whocanrollkayak,orcomposeapoemthatisn’tlaughable，whocanlayabrickwallthatdoesn’tfalldown.Theseareregardedashardthingstolearnwhichmeanagreatermasteryofthefiledconcerned.Butwithmicromasteryyoucanstartwiththetestpieceandthen—andonlythen—doyougobackupstreamtolearnanythingmoreaboutthenewworld.

Seeingtheworldintermsofmicromasteriesmakesanythingseempossible.FancybookbindingYogaTapdancingortankdrivingAllhavetheirmicromasteries.It’sveryliberating—younolongerhavetofeeltrappedinyourdayjob.Youwillstart,inasmallway,togetyourlifebackfromtheideathattheworldseemstopushonusthatweshoulddojustonethingallourlives.

Anannoyingsituation

Wearetoo1.toaccomplisheverythingweareinterestedinandsometimeswehavetomakeatrade-off.

Wetakeitforgrantedthatanythingworthwhiledoesn’thavean2.payoff,sowemightaswellforgetit.

Aprac