考研英语语法句子成分的考点分析

考研英语语法句子成分的考点分

析

一、主语

1.名词

【考点】翻译

Acarefulstudyofthepassagewillgiveyouabetter

translation.

【字面】这篇文章的仔细研究会给你一个更好的译文。口

【要点】

①如果名词也有动词词性或者由动词变来的，翻译首选动词；

②谓语是will/woulddo,主语有动作一一主将从现：如果…那么;

谓语不是will/would,主语有动作一一祈使句开头，这+谓语…;

③中文翻译通常人做主语；

④AofBofC译法？

【译文】如果你仔细研究这篇文章，那么你就会翻译得更好。

2.不定式

【考点】翻译；形式主语it

Itwouldbeunwise,nottosaystupid,toquityourjobnow.

【字面】现在辞职是不明智的，不要说愚蠢了。口

【要点】

①句子的谓语是wouldd。——虚拟语气：如果…那么；

②nottosay=ifnot=even

③句子中间两个逗号一一插入语

【译文】如果你现在辞职，那么这是不明智的，甚至是愚蠢的。

3.动名词

【考点】阅读；翻译

Destroyingthemachinesthatarecomingforourjobswould

benuts.

【要点】

①破坏机器的动作是否已经发生？

②作者对机器的态度？

③译文？

【写作】通知----Itisduetotheimportanceandthe

seriousnessoftheactivitythatduringyourstaytalkingloudly,

eatingsnacksandlitteringaboutarestrictlyprohibited.

4.从句

【考点】阅读

WhatWashingtondoes-ordoesn'tdo-topromote

alternativeenergymaymeanlessandlessatatimeofaglobal

shiftinthought.

Itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthatrenewable

energy____.

A.willbringtheUSclosertoothercountries

B.willaccelerateglobalenvironmentalchange

C.isnotreallyencouragedbytheUSgovernment

D.isnotcompetitiveenoughwithregardtoitscost

【要点】

①Washington不指人，而是政府；

②句子结构：句子谓语maymean,前面what...energy是主语

从句

二、谓语强调

1.完型

【考点】主从句逻辑关系

[真题】thefiguremayvary,analystsdoagreeon

anothermatter:thatthenumberofthehomelessisincreasing.

[A]Nowthat

[B]Although

[C]Provided

[D]Exceptthat

【要点】逻辑关系：从句推测may,主句肯定强调，选转折。

2.阅读

【考点】转折后常为答案

【真题】Inall,thestudyconcludesthatwhereasprosecutors

shouldonlyevaluateacasebasedonitsmerits,theydoseem

tobeinfluencedbyacompany'srecordinCSR.

Whenprosecutorsevaluateacase,acompany'sCSRrecord

[A]hasanimpactontheirdecision.

[B]comesacrossasreliableevidence.

[C]increasesthechanceofbeingpenalized.

[D]constitutespartoftheinvestigation.

【要点】

①whereas引导从句——尽管，从句不重要，答案在"但是"；

②主句doseem强调谓语

③basedonitsmerits不是根据其优点，而是根据实际情况

3.写作

【要点】小作文：我希望Ihopethat...—Idohopethat...

三、定语

1.写作

【难点】定语的位置

①短的单一的在名词前

②长的复杂的在名词后

③特殊：几个以a开头的形容词要放后面

2.阅读

【考点】细节题；态度题

【要点】

①becharacterizedby(being)...常为题干;

②找引号或宾从一一题干中

Inone'sview,...

某人可能最同意.…

某人argue/believethat...

Accordingtosb,...

【真题】1

Habitsareafunnything.Wereachforthemmindlessly,

settingourbrainsonauto-pilotandrelaxingintothe

unconsciouscomfortoffamiliarroutine.HNotchoice,but

habitrulestheunreflectingherd,“WilliamWordsworthsaidin

the19thcentury.Intheever-changing21stcentury,eventhe

word"habit"carriesanegativeimplication.

InWordsworth'sview,"habits"ischaracterizedby

being.

[A]casual

[B]familiar

[C]mechanical

[D]changeable

【真题】2

Intheidealizedversionofhowscienceisdone,factsaboutthe

worldarewaitingtobeobservedandcollectedbyobjective

researcherswhousethescientificmethodtocarryouttheir

work.Butintheeverydaypracticeofscience,discovery

frequentlyfollowsanambiguousandcomplicatedroute.We

aimtobeobjective,butwecannotescapethecontextofour

uniquelife

Accordingtothefirstparagraph,theprocessofdiscoveryis

characterizedbyits.

[A]uncertaintyandcomplexity

[B]misconceptionanddeceptiveness

[C]logicalityandobjectivity

[D]systematicnessandregularity

【真题】3

Weareevenfartherremovedfromtheunfocusednewspaper

reviewspublishedinEnglandbetweentheturnofthe20th

centuryandtheeveofWorldWarII,atatimewhennewsprint

wasdirt-cheapandstylishartscriticismwasconsideredan

ornamenttothepublicationsinwhichitappeared.

NewspaperreviewsinEnglandbeforeWorldWarIIwere

characterizedby.

[A]freethemes

[B]casualstyle

[C]elaboratelayout

[D]radicalviewpoints

【真题】4

Dr.Yehudanotesanotherdifferencebetweenthesexes."I

thinkthatthekindsofthingsthatwomenareexposedtotend

tobeinmoreofachronicorrepeatednature.Mengotowar

andareexposedtocombatstress.Menareexposedtomore

actsofrandomphysicalviolence.Thekindsofinterpersonal

violencethatwomenareexposedtotendtobeindomestic

situations,by,unfortunately,parentsorotherfamilymembers,

andtheytendnottobeone-shotdeals.Thewear-and-tear

thatcomesfromtheselongerrelationshipscanbequite

devastating."

AccordingtoParagraph4,thestresswomenconfronttendsto

be.

[A]domesticandtemporary

[B]irregularandviolent

[C]durableandfrequent

[D]trivialandrandom

四、状语

【考点】between表示否定

【阅读】between理解+推理

[真题]Manyrecruiterssaytheolddisgraceisfadingfortop

performers.Thefinancialcrisishasmadeitmoreacceptableto

bebetweenjobsortoleaveabadone.MThetraditionalrule

wasit'ssafertostaywhereyouare,butthat'sbeen

fundamentallyinverted,Hsaysoneheadhunter."Thepeople

who'vebeenhurttheworstarethosewhozvestayedtoolong.”

Itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthat___.

[A]topperformersusedtoclingtotheirposts

[B]loyaltyoftopperformersisgettingout-dated

[C]topperformerscaremoreaboutreputations

[D]it'ssafertosticktothetraditionalrules

【考点】outof

【要点】outof意思：否定/from/in/dueto

【真题】

①Thefamily'sincreasingpovertyforcedDickensoutof

schoolatage12.

②outoftouchwithreality(2021)/outofdate(2013)

③Butafterthewar,greatsocialandpoliticalchangesarising

outofthesuccessfulwaragainstFascismcreatedagrowing

demandinEuropeanandAmericaneconomiesforincreasing

numbersofgraduateswithmorethanasecondaryschool

education.(2021)

④builtanationoutofawilderness(2015)

⑤Atthesametime,peoplecontinuetotreatfireasanevent

thatneedstobewhollycontrolledandunleashedonlyoutof

necessity.(2017)

五、状语/补语前置

【考点】翻译；阅读

【真题】1

Thus,theanthropologicalconceptof'culture",likethe

conceptof"set"inmathematics,isanabstractconceptwhich

makespossibleimmenseamountsofconcreteresearchand

understanding.

【译文】因此，人类学的文化概念就像数学中的集合概念一样,

是一种抽象概念，它使得大量具体的研究与认知变成可能。

【真题】2