Unit6-现代大学英语第二版精读3的课件

HowDoWeDealwiththeDrugProblem?GoreVidalClarencePageCharlesKrauthammerReinforcementTextAnalysisBackgroundWarmingupUnit6HowDoWeDealwiththeDrugProblem?Questions/ActivitiesCheck-onPreviewObjectivesUnit6WarmingupHowDoWeDealwiththeDrugProblem?WarmingupDiscussthefollowingquestions:Whatdidyouknowaboutthedrugproblembeforereadingtheessays?Whydoyouthinkpeoplestilltakedrugsinspiteoftheworldwideanti-drugcampaigns?WhatdoyouknowaboutthesituationinChina?Doyouthinkthedrugproblemisserious?Sidewithoneofthethreeauthorsandhaveabriefdebatewithyourgroupmemberstoseewhichauthorismoreconvincing.Questions/Activitiescannabiscocainestimulantsopiumheroinmorphinecrackdolantin“ice”“ecstasy”,XTC大麻可卡因兴奋剂鸦片海洛因吗啡快克度冷丁冰毒摇头丸drugdependencedrugofabusedrugaddictionabstinencesyndromedrugaddictinjectingdruguser,IDUsnortingphysicaldependencepsychicdependencephysiologicaldependencepsychologicaldependence药物依赖性滥用药物毒瘾戒断综合症吸毒者注射毒品滥用者鼻吸身体依赖性精神依赖性生理依赖性心理依赖性drug-seekingbehaviordrug-takingbehaviorcompulsivedrugusepolydrugabusedetoxificationwithdrawalrehabilitationreintegration觅药行为用药行为强迫性用药多药滥用脱毒脱瘾康复重返社会InternationalNarcoticsControlBoard,INCBUnitedNationsInternationalDrugControlProgramme,UNDCPWorldHealthOrganization,WHOCommunityEpidemiologyWorkGroup,CEWGAsianMulticityEpidemiologyWorkGroup,AMEWG联合国国际麻醉品管制局联合国国际禁毒计划署世界卫生组织美国社区药物滥用流行病学工作组亚洲多城市药物滥用流行病学工作组

《1971年精神药物公约》《1988年联合国禁止非法贩运麻醉药品和精神药物公约》

中国药物依赖性研究所

ConventiononPsychotropicSubstances,1971

UnitedNationsConventionAgainstIllicitTrafficinNarcoticDrugsandPsychotropicSubstances,1988

NationalInstituteonDrugDependenceCheck-onPreviewDefinetheunderlinedwords:thesimplebeauty(para.16)asocialsanction(para.26)Paraphrasethefollowingsentence:NooneinWashingtontodayrecallswhathappened…theUnitedStates.(para.6)WarmingupObjectivesLearnaboutthedifferentsolutionstothedrugproblemandunderstandtheprosandconsofeachofthem.Comparetheargumentsandfindouttheirlogicalpremisesandfallacies.Learnhowtoarguecoherentlyandconvincinglybystudyingthetechniquesemployedbythewriters.WarmingupBackgroundHistoryAuthorsUnit6HowDoWeDealwiththeDrugProblem?1.GoreVidalprolificAmericannovelist,andessayistpoliticalactivist:Democratic-LiberalThewarondrugshasnothingatalltodowithdrugs.Itispartofanall-outwarontheAmericanpeoplebyagovernmentinterestedonlyincontrol.—GoreVidalBackgroundAuthors“ProbablynoAmericanwritersinceFranklinhasderided,ridiculed,andmockedAmericansmoreskillfullyandmoreoftenthanVidal.”(GordonS.Wood,TheNewYorkTimes,December14,2003)GoreVidalwasoftenpointedlycontroversial:hepublishedcommentsondemocracy,homosexuality,religion,anddruglegalization.BackgroundAuthors2.ClarencePagecolumnistandmemberoftheeditorialboardoftheChicagoTribune1972PulitzerPrizeforaChicagoTribuneTaskForceseriesonvoterfraud1989PulitzerPrizeforCommentaryBackgroundBackgroundAuthors3.CharlesKrauthammera

syndicatedcolumnist:The

WashingtonPostWritersGrouppoliticalcommentatorphysicianconservative(neoconservativeinforeignpolicy)BackgroundBackgroundAuthorsComparethethreeauthors’backgroundsandseeifyoucanexplainwhytheydisagreewitheachother.BackgroundBackgroundAuthorsProhibitionintheUnitedStates(theNobleExperiment)

1840s,spearheadedbysomereligiousdenominations(宗派，教派）1881,Kansasasthefirsttooutlawalcoholicbeverages1917,alcoholbannedasmandated（委托统治）inthe18thAmendmenttotheConstitution1919-1933,nation-widemovement,plaguedbysmugglingandbootlegging（非法制造贩卖）1933,the18thAmendmentrepealedbythe21stAmendmentHistoryBackgroundTextAnalysisEssay1Essay2Essay3StructureDetailedAnalysisStructureDetailedAnalysis

DetailedAnalysisStructureUnit6HowDoWeDealwiththeDrugProblem?WhatisthesolutiontothedrugproblemofferedbyVidal?

legalizationratherthancriminalizationWhatthenarehismainarguments?Therighttobeinformedcorrectly(paras.1-2)Therighttochoose(paras.3-4)Sanepeoplewon’tbeaddictedtodrugs.(para.5)AlessonfromProhibition(paras.6-7)Thegovernmentandthemafiahaveavestedinterestinthecriminalizationofdrugs.(paras.8-10)TextAnalysisEssay1Structure

ofEssay1TherighttobeinformedsensiblyHowtoinformpeoplesensibly?Whywillthisrequireheroichonesty?Doyouthinkthiswillwork?heroinopiumecstasyspeediceTextAnalysisEssay1Argument1:DiscussionDrugs

GoreVidal

understandingthelanguagepoints2.…weshallenduparaceofZombies.

endup:tobeinaparticularplaceorstateafterdoingsth.orbecauseof doingitIfyoudon’tmendyourways,you’llendupacriminal/injails.Wedidn’tlikeitatfirst,butweendedupcheering.

他最终成了公司的主管人。Heendedup(as)headofthefirm.

我们原打算去欧洲旅行，但最终去了东南亚。WehadplannedtotraveltoEurope,butendedupinSouth-eastAsia.

Drugs

GoreVidal

drug-relatedwordsandphrasesDrug-takerDrugaddictDrugabuseAwhiffofopiumDrugaddictionmainlinerStampoutDrugpushersGethookedonNextfixBureaucraticmachine1.atcost(atcostprice)Tom’suncleisacardealerandlethimbuythecaratcost.Cost+_______=sellingpriceTranslation倾销是指用低于成本的价格进行销售，以将竞争对手赶出市场的行为。

Dumpingisthesellingbelowcosttodrivecompetitorsoutofmarket.实话和您说吧，这差不多是成本价了。

Totellyouthetruth,it’salmostatcostprice.markupTextAnalysisEssay1Argument1:WordsandExpressions(1)2.kick/breakthehabit(infml)

tostopdoingsththathasbeenahabitforalongtime,esp.abadordangeroushabitThecenterprovideshelpforaddictswhohavekickedtheirhabitandwanttostayawayfromdrugs.Alexhaskickedcigarettes,heroin,andbooze（暴饮）.TextAnalysisEssay1Argument1:WordsandExpressions(2)3.(just)fortherecordJustfortherecord,Ididn’tvoteforhim.FortherecordI’djustliketosaythatItotallydisagreewiththisdecision.TextAnalysisEssay1Argument1:WordsandExpressions(3)27Therighttochoose

Tochoosewhat?Thepreconditionofthisright?Doyouthinkthattakingdrugsbelongstothisright?rightrightrightTextAnalysisEssay1Argument2:Discussionendup

Iwonderedwherethepictureswouldendupaftertheauction.endupdoingsthMostslimmersoncrashdietsendupputtingweightbackon.endupwithAnyonewhoswimsintherivercouldendupwithanastystomachupset.endupasHecouldendupasPresident.enduplikeIdon’twanttoenduplikemyparents.TextAnalysisEssay1Argument2:WordsandExpressionsSanepeoplewon’tbeaddictedtodrugs.Why?Howtodealwithpeoplewhoarenotsaneenough?Howcantheforbiddenfruitpsychologyapplytothisargument?Doyouagreewiththisargument?TextAnalysisEssay1Argument3:Discussion1.itistoobadthat…itisapitythat…

Itistoobadthatthecountryhadtogotowaroverthematter.

2.itisnottoobadif…

Itisnottoobadifamanhassomewilddreams.TextAnalysisEssay1Argument3:WordsandExpressionsAlessonfromProhibitionWhat’sthelesson?What’smeantby“nopublicmemoryofanythingthathappenedlastTuesday”?WhydidtheCongressfeelittheir“divinemission”toprohibitalcohol?TheresultofProhibition?TextAnalysisEssay1Argument4:Discussion1.sthisforbiddentosb那时任何外国人都被禁止进入该地。Entrytotheplacewasthenforbiddentoallforeigners.2.stampout地方政府发动了一场运动来清除腐败。

Thelocalgovernmenthasmadeadrivetostampoutcorruption.3.have/feelcontemptfor我对这种不诚实的行为只有蔑视。

Ihave/feelnothingbutcontemptforsuchdishonestbehaviors.TextAnalysisEssay1Argument4:WordsandExpressionsThegovernmentandthemafiahaveavestedinterestinthecriminalizationofdrugs.

Howcanthisbe?Whyblamethegovernmentforthedeaths?Whydoesthegovernmenthaveavestedinterestinit?WhatisthenVidal’srealconcern?Thedrugproblem?Orindividualfreedomagainstgovernmentcontrol?TextAnalysisEssay1Argument5:DiscussionDrugs

GoreVidal

understandingthelanguagepoints3.NooneinWashingtontodayrecalls...

NooneinWashingtontoday||recallswhathappenduringtheyears||alcoholwasforbiddenbyaCongress||thatthoughtishadadivinemissiontostampoutDemonRum–||launching,intheprocess,thegreatestcrimewaveinthecountry’shistory,||causingthousandsofdeathsfrombadalcohol,and||creatingageneralcontemptamongcitizenry…

SubjectVerbObjectRelativeclauseRelativeclausePresentparticiplephrase1Presentparticiplephrase2Presentparticiplephrase31.get(sb)hookedon根据最近的一份报告，八岁的小孩子就会吸海洛因成瘾。

Childrenasyoungaseightyearsoldcangethookedonheroin,accordingtoarecentreport.小伙子是很容易喜欢上这种音乐的。

Youngmencaneasilygethookedonthiskindofmusic.TextAnalysisEssay1Argument5:WordsandExpressions(1)2.haveavestedinterestin(doing)sth美国南北战争以前，要废除奴隶制很难，因为奴隶主有既得利益。ItwasdifficulttoendthesystemofslaverybeforetheCivilWarbecauseslaveownershadavestedinterestinkeepingit.莫娜离开公司对他有利。HehasavestedinterestinMona’sleavingthefirm.TextAnalysisEssay1Argument5:WordsandExpressions(2)witheraway

to

dieoutordisappeargradually因为吸毒，她成为艺术家的希望逐渐幻灭。Asaresultofherdrugaddiction,herpromiseofbecominganartistwitheredaway.上了年纪的人抱怨说，在这个自由社会里，老的价值观念正在逐渐消失。Olderpeoplearecomplainingthattheoldvaluesarewitheringawayinthisfreesociety.TextAnalysisEssay1Argument5:WordsandExpressions(3)WhatisthesolutiontothedrugproblemofferedbyPage?Neitherlegalizationnorcriminalizationwillwork.Itisinfactasocialproblem.Whatthenarehismainarguments?Legalizationisoversimplified:proponents’arguments.(paras.11-15)Legalization’sfailure:opponents’arguments.(paras.16-18)Criminalizationisneithertherightanswertothisproblem.(paras.19-20)TextAnalysisEssay2StructureofEssay2Legalizationisoversimplified:proponents’arguments.

1.commonwisdom:remove_____________pumpedintotheunder-worldreduce____________attractiontakeaway____________taxthesaleandusemoneyto____________________2.“deepthinkers”KurtSchmoke:_______________________________________MiltonFriedman:_______________________immenseprofitsforbidden-fruitcriminalstigmabuildmoretreatmentcentersProhibitionofdrugsisbailingouttheoceanwithateaspoon.Prohibitionmakesmattersworse.

TextAnalysisEssay2Argument1:FillintheBlanksPara.11:Unfortunately,legalizationsoundstoogoodtobetrue.Para.12:Itsoundsgoodbecauseitissimple…Para.13:Deepthinkers…Para.15:Hewas

notaloneinhissentiments.Para.16:Thesimplicity…Unfortunately,thesimple

beauty…hasanuglygapinghole.TextAnalysisEssay2Argument1:Transition1.Satire/Irony:

Ifyoucan’twinthegame,changetherules.…deliciouslyconvenient…Deepthinkers…2.Understatement:…soundstoogoodtobetrueandprobablyis.Quotationfromauthority:

para.15,18TextAnalysisEssay2Argument1:WritingTechniques1.pump…into…

toputalargeamountofsthinto,usu.atahighrate特区政府未来五年在旅游业投入18亿美元以振兴不景气的经济。TheSARGovernmentwillpump$1.8billionintothetouristindustryoverthenextfiveyearstohelprevivethesaggingeconomy.在考试前她极力向他灌输一些知识.

Shetriedtopumpsomefactsintohisheadbeforetheexamination.TextAnalysisEssay2Argument1:WordsandExpressions(1)2.bailout

toremovewater;tohelpsboutoftrouble,esp.financialproblems我们不能指望政府帮助所有的亏损公司摆脱困境。Wecan’texpectthegovernmenttobailoutallthefailingcompanies.bealonein(doing)sth不是只有我一个人这么认为。

Iamnotaloneinthinkingso.TextAnalysisEssay2Argument1:WordsandExpressions(2)Legalization’sfailure:opponents’arguments1.Whatdothefollowingpeoplesay?Prof.JamesQ.WilsonWilliamBennett2.Interestingcomparison:paras.16&18Doyoufindanythingworthnoting?Whatdoesyourfindingsuggestforourownessaywriting?TextAnalysisEssay2Argument2:Discussion1.thebeautyofsthThebeautyofe-mailisitsspeedandeaseofuse.2.rebuttalmakearebuttalofTheymadeaclause-by-clauserebuttaloftheletter.TextAnalysisEssay2Argument2:WordsandExpressionsCriminalizationisneithertherightanswertothisproblem.

Thenwhatistheansweraccordingtotheauthor?Thequickfixisillusorybecause…Theslowfixisillusorybecause…TextAnalysisEssay2Argument3:DiscussionmagicbulletThere’snomagicbulletforschoolreform.

quickfix

There’snoquickfixforstoppingpollution.Congressistryingtoavoidquick-fixsolutions.TextAnalysisEssay2Argument3:WordsandExpressionsQuestionsforDiscussionAccordingtotheauthor,whatistheultimatecauseofthedrugproblem?Doyouagree?Doestheauthorproposeapossiblesolutiontothedrugproblem?Whatsolutionscanyoupropose?TextAnalysisEssay2WhatisthesolutiontothedrugproblemofferedbyKrauthammer?

Deglamorization.Drugproblemcanonlybesolvedculturally.Whatthenarehismainarguments?Islegalizationagoodsolution?(paras.21-26)Whatshouldwedo?(paras.27-31)Conclusion:foursolutions.(para.32)TextAnalysisEssay3StructureofEssay3Islegalizationagoodsolution?1.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardslegalizationonthefollowingissues?druglawenforcementcomparison:illegaldrugsvs.alcoholrelationshipbetweenlegalizationanddruguse2.Islegalizationagoodsolution?√TextAnalysisEssay3Argument1:Discussion1.toboot

inaddition;too;furthermoreItwasalongfilmandanuninterestingonetoboot.2.dwarftobesobigthatotherthingsaremadetoseemverysmall

Shakespearedwarfsotherdramatists.3.beheretostay

Tolegalizeotherdrugsistodeclarethattherestofthepharmacyisheretostaytoo.TextAnalysisEssay3Argument1:WordsandExpressions卡特尔（cartel）由一系列生产类似产品的独立企业所构成的组织，集体行动的生产者，目的是提高该类产品价格和控制其产量。根据美国反托拉斯法，卡特尔属于非法。卡特尔是垄断组织形式之一。生产或销售某一同类商品的企业，为垄断市场，获取高额利润，通过在商品价格、产量和销售等方面订立协定而形成的同盟。参加这一同盟的成员在生产、商业和法律上仍然保持独立性。亨弗莱·德弗瑞斯特·鲍嘉（1899年12月25日-1957年1月14日），美国男演员。1942年凭借在《卡萨布兰卡》中出色的表演获得奥斯卡最佳男演员奖提名；1951年凭借《非洲女王号》获得奥斯卡最佳男主角奖。1999年，被美国电影学院评为电影诞生100年以来最伟大的男演员。

Whatshouldwedo?1.Whydoestheauthormentionsmoking?changedimageofsmokers?measurestaken?2.Weshoulddothesametodrugs…attitudetowardsthe“JustSayNotoDrugs”campaign?Whatdoeshemeanby“crackingdownhardonusers”?TextAnalysisEssay3Argument2:Dject

totrytomakepeopleseesthina