北京市密云区2023高考英语阅读理解系列训练（19）及答案

第页密云区2023高考英语阅读理解系列训练〔19〕及答案Friendsplayanimportantpartinourlives，andalthoughwemaytakethefriendshipforgranted，weoftendon’tclearlyunderstandhowwemakefriends.Whilewegetonwellwithanumberofpeople，weareusuallyfriendswithonlyafew.For[来源:Zxxk.Com]example，theaverageamongstudentsisabout6perperson.Inallthecasesoffriendlyrelationships，twopeoplelikeoneanotherandenjoybeingtogether，butbeyondthat，thedegreeofintimacybetweenthemandthereasonsfortheirsharedinterestsvarygreatly.Aswegettoknowpeople，wetakeintoaccountthingslikeage，race，economicconditions，socialposition，andintelligence.Althoughthesefactorsarenotofgreatimportance，itismoredifficulttogetonwithpeoplewhenthereisamarkeddifferenceinageandbackground.Somefriendlyrelationshipscanbekeptonargumentanddiscussion，butitisusualforclosefriendstohavesimilarideasandbeliefs，thesameopinionsandinterests.Theyoftentalkabout“being_on_the_same_wavelength〞.Itgenerallytakestimetoreachthispoint.Andthemoreintimatelyinvolvedpeoplebecome，themoretheydependononeanother.Peoplewhowanttobefriendshavetolearntoputupwithannoyinghabitsandtostanddifferences.Incontrastwithmarriage，therearenofriendshipceremoniestostrengthenitbetweentwopeople.Butthesupportingandunderstandingofeachotherthatresultsfromsharedexperiencesandfeelingsdoesseemtocreateapowerfulbond，whichcanovercomedifferencesinbackground，andbreakdownbarriersofage，classorrace.1.Accordingtothepassage，________.A.friendsarethosewhomustsharetheirinterests[来源:1ZXXK]B.friendsarecloserthanpeoplewhojustgetonwellwitheachotherC.allthepeopleknowhowtomakefriendsD.everystudenthassixfriends2.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat________.A.therearenospecialceremoniestostrengthenfriendshipB.friendshipcanovercomealldifferencesbetweentwopeopleC.differenceinopinioncanleadtofriendship[来源:1]D.friendshipcanbestrengthenedbysmilesandsoftvoices3.Theunderlinedwords“beingonthesamewavelength〞inParagraph2meanthatpeople________.A.watchthesameTVprogramsB.arethesameinallwaysC.havethesamebackgroundD.sharethesamewayofthinkingandthesameinterests4.WhichofthefollowingisNOTimpliedinthepassage?A.Evenfriendsmayhavedifferentopinions.B.Friendsneverarguewitheachother.C.Itgenerallytakestimeforpeopletobecomeclosefriends.D.Someone’shabitsmayannoyhisfriends.1.Mr.Foggandhisservanttravelledinmanydifferentways，evenonanelephantatonetime.(完形填空最后一段倒数第四句)福格先生和他的仆人以许多不同方式进行旅行，他们甚至曾骑过大象。[来源:Z,xx,k.Com](1)AtonetimeIusedtoskiingeverywinter.我曾一度每到冬季就去滑雪。(2)Don’ttrytodoeverythingatonce；takeitabitatatime.不要什么事情都一块儿干，要一次做一点儿。(3)Iagreedatthetimebutlaterchangedmymind.我当时同意了，但后来又改变了主意。(4)I’matyourserviceatalltimes.我随时为您效劳。2.Friendsplayanimportantpartinourlives，andalthoughwemaytakethefriendshipforgranted...(阅读理解第一段第一句)尽管我们可能把友谊看成理所当然，但朋友在我们的生活中起着十分重要的作用……(1)Heneverpraiseshiswife；hejusttakesherforgranted.他从不夸妻子，只是觉得她的一切理当如此。(2)Don’ttakeitforgrantedthatwhatyoudidisallright.别想当然地认为你做的都是对的。[来源:Zxxk.Com](3)Itakeitforgrantedthatyouhavereadthisbook.我认为你一定读过这本书。3.Butthesupportingandunderstandingofeachotherthatresultsfromsharedexperiencesandfeelingsdoesseemtocreateapowerfulbond，whichcanovercomedifferencesinbackground，andbreakdownbarriersofage，classorrace.(阅读理解最后一段最后一句)[来源:1ZXXK]基于相同经历和感情的相互支持和理解能够创造一种有力的联系，这一联系能克服背景的不同，打破年龄、阶层、种族之间的障碍。(1)Thetelephonesystemhasbrokendown.电话系统失灵了。(2)Iflawandorderbreaksdown，anarchywillresult.法治一垮，就会出现无政府状态。(3)Howcanwebreakdownthebarriersoffearandhostilitywhichdividethetwocountries?怎样才能消除这两个国家人民之间的恐惧和仇恨呢？答案1.B2.A3.D4.B[来源:1]********************************************************结束[来源:学#科#网Z#X#X#K]阅读以下短文，从每题所给的四个选项〔A、B、C和D〕中，选出最正确选项。AWillNanfangUniversityofScienceandTechnologyinShenzhenannounceanewbeginningforChina’shighereducationreform?It’stooearlytoanswer.ButitspresenceischallengingtheMinistryofEducation.Evenwithouttheapprovaloftheministryitseemsthattheschoolisdeterminedtomoveforwardandenroll50students,so-calledchildprodigies(奇才),tobeginclassesonMarchl,2023.Ongraduatingin2023,thesestudentswillreceiveadiplomaunauthorizedbytheMinistryofEducation-unlikethestudentsoftheiragefromthestate-rununiversities.TheschooliscommittedtomodelingitselfonHongKongUniversityofScienceandTechnology,butifthegovernmentwillnotapprovetheschool,thesituationcouldcausealotoftroubleforthose50studentsiftheywanttodograduatestudiesatotherhigherlearninginstitutions.Otherschoolscouldturntheirapplicationsdownfortheirunauthorizeddiplomas.Thedifficulties,however,havenotfrightenedstudentsandtheirparentsaway.OnDec.18,2023morethan1,000studentsandtheirparentsvisitedNanfangUniversityofScienceandTechnologyforinterviews.Privateinvestmentmarkstheschooloutfromotherhigherlearninginstitutionsinthenation.Notapennycomesfromthegovernment.Sothegovernmentwillhavenovoiceinhowtheschoolwillberun.TheMinistryofEducationhaspublishedacomprehensiveplanforeducationreformanddevelopmentbetween2023and2023.ThegoalistomakeChina’shighereducationinternationallycompetitive.Toaccomplishthisgoal,thegovernmentshouldhavethecouragetolettheeducatorswhohavebigideastrythemout.TheministryshouldhaveapplaudedtheindependencetheschoolinShenzhenhasshownandencouragedmoretodolikewise.EducationreforminChinahasreachedanewandcrucialstage.NanfangUniversityofScienceandTechnologyhasalongwaytogotoproveitselfcompetitiveratherthanadiplomamill.1．Over1,000studentsandparentsvisitedtheschoolbecause. A．theybelievethattheschoolwillhaveabrightfuture B．theybelievethegovernmentissuretoapprovetheschool C．theschoolmodelsitselfonHongKong D．theywillneverdograduatestudiesatotherhigherlearninginstitutions2．Thetroublethestudentsintheschoolmayhaveisthat. A．thegovernmentwillhavenovoiceintheschool B．theywon’treceiveanydiplomawhengraduatingfromtheschool C．otherschoolsareunlikelytoaccepttheirdiplomafromtheschool[来源:Z|xx|k.Com] D．theywillnotlearnhowtobecompetitive3．WhatdoestheauthorthinkofNanfangUniversityofScienceandTechnology? A．Itisanotherkindofdiplomamill. B．It’simpossiblefortheschooltobecompetitive. C．ItwillnevergettheapprovalfromtheMinistryofEducation. D．Itsindependencefromthegovernmentmaybenefittheeducationreform.4．Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage? A．UniversityofNewStyle.B． C．ModelingHongKong参考答案1—4ACDA**********************************************************结束〔201*·安徽卷〕Thinkaboutthedifferentwaysthatpeopleusethewind.Youcanuseittoflyakiteortosailaboat.Windisoneofourcleanestandrichestpowersources〔来源〕,aswellasoneoftheoldest.Evidenceshowsthatwindmills〔风车〕begantobeusedinancientIranbackintheseventhcenturyBC.TheywerefirstintroducedtoEuropeduringthe1100s,whenarmiesreturnedfromtheMiddleEastwithknowledgeofusingwindpower.Formanycenturies,peopleusedwindmillstogrind〔磨碎〕wheatintoflourorpumpwaterfromdeepunderground.Whenelectricitywasdiscoveredinthelate1800s,peoplelivinginremoteareasbegantousethemtoproduceelectricity.Thisallowedthemtohaveelectriclightsandradio.However,bythe1940s,whenelectricitywasavailabletopeopleinalmostallareasoftheUnitedStates,windmillswererarelyused.Duringthe1970s,peoplestartedbecomingconcernedaboutthepollutionthatiscreatedwhencoalandgasareburnedtoproduceelectricity.Peoplealsorealizedthatthesupplyofcoalandgaswouldnotlastforever.Then,windwasrediscovered,thoughitmeanshighercosts.Today,thereisaglobalmovementtosupplymoreandmoreofourelectricitythroughtheuseofwind.【文章大意】本文介绍了风能及风能运用的情况。在能源短缺的今天，作为最为洁净、丰富的风能，一定会对我们的生活作出极大的奉献。60.Fromthetextweknowthatwindmills.A.wereinventedbyEuropeanarmiesB.haveahistoryofmorethan2800years[来源:Z|xx|k.Com]C.usedtosupplypowertoradioinremoteareas[来源:学§科§网Z§X§X§K]D.haverarelybeenusedsinceelectricitywasdiscovered【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第二段句子可知，十九世纪末有了电之后，偏僻地区的人们就利用风车发电，于是人们就有了电灯和收音机，因此选择C项。根据windmillsbegantobeusedinancientIranbackintheseventhcenturyBC可知，A项错误，B项错在morethan；根据末段句子可知，尽管本钱较高，人们依然使用风能提供电力，因此D项错误。61.Whatwasanewuseforwindpowerinthelatel9thcentury?A.Sailingaboat.B.Producingelectricity.[来源:1]C.Grindingwheatintoflour.D.Pumpingwaterfromunderground.【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第二段句子可知，人们最初利用风车磨面或抽水，十九世纪末有了电之后，人们又用其发电，因此选择B项。62.Oneofthereasonswindwasrediscoveredinthe1970sisthat.[来源:1ZXXK]A.windpoweriscleanerB.itisoneoftheoldestpowersources[来源:Zxxk.Com]C.itwascheapertocreateenergyfromwindD.thesupplyofcoalandgasfailedtomeetneeds【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，二十世纪七十年代，人们注重环保，而且认识到煤和气的短缺；而风能的特点是洁净、丰富和历史悠久，但是本钱较高。综合选择A项最正确。63.Whatwouldtheauthorprobablydiscussintheparagraphthatfollows?A.Theadvantageofwindpower.B.Thedesignofwindpowerplants.C.Theworldwidemovementtosaveenergy.D.Theglobaltrendtowardsproducingpowerfromwind.【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据末段句子Today,thereisaglobalmovementtosupplymoreandmoreofourelectricitythroughtheuseofwind可知，接下来作者应该谈论利用风能发电的情况，因此选择D项。*****************************************************结束〔201*·山东卷〕TimRichterandhiswife,Linda,hadtaughtforover30yearsnearBuffalo,NewYork--heincomputers,sheNotlongafterthesurgery,TimsawabrochuredescribingImaginationLibrary,aprogramstartedbyDollyParton'sfoundation(基金会)thatmailedabookeverymonthtochildrenfrombirthtoagefiveinthesinger'shometownofSevier,Tennessee.“Ithought,maybeLindaandIcoulddosomethinglikethiswhenweretire,"Timrecalls.Heplacedthebrochureonhisdesk,"asareminder."Fiveyearslater,nowretiredandwiththatbrochurestillonthedesk,T.Theprogramhadbeenopeneduptopartnerswhocouldtakeadvantageofbookandpostagediscounts.ThequalityofthebookswasofgreatconcerntotheRichters.Ratherthansignuponline,theywenttoDollywoodforalook-see.“Wedidn’twanttogivethechildrenrubbish,〞saysLinda.Thebooks-reviewedeachyearbyteachers,literacyspecialistsandDollywoodboardmembers-includedclassicssuchasEzraJackKeats’sTheSnowyDayandnewerbookslikeAnnaDewdney’sLlamaLlamaseries.[来源:1]Satisfied,thecouplesetuptheRichterFamilyFoundationandgottowork.Since2023,theyhaveshippedmorethan12,200bookstopreschoolersintheirintheirarea.MeganWilliams,amotheroffour,ismorethanappreciative:“ThisprogramintroducesustobooksI’veneverheardof.〞TheRichtersspendabout＄400amonthsendingbooksto200children.“Somepeoplesitthereandwaittodie,〞saysTim.“Othersgetasbusyastheycaninthetimetheyhaveleft.〞62.WhatdidTimwanttodoafterlearningaboutImaginationLibrary?A.Giveoutbrochures.