2023学年完整公开课版Book3Unit1Languagepoints学案

Book3Unit1Languagepoints1.Festivalsaremeanttocelebrateimportant….是为了;意在/旨在做某事mean(meant,meant)meanadj.吝啬的，小气的；卑鄙的meaning意思meaningful有意义的meaningless毫无意义的meansn.方法（单复数同形）meansbtodosth让…干…meantodosth打算meandoingsth.意味着(1)我从来没有让他为我们工作的意思Inevermeanthimtoworkforus.(2)对不起，我并没有打算伤害你。Sorry,Ididn’tmeantohurtyou.(3)错过了这班车意味着要等多一个小时。Missingthebusmeanswaitingforanotherhour.2.takeplace发生，举行taketheplaceof/takesb'splace(动词短语)代替，取代inplaceof(介词短语)代替；交换inplace放在原来的位置；适合的，恰当的outofplace不在合适的位置；不适当的inthefirstplace(列举理由)首先，第一点putoneselfinone'splace处于某人的位置；为某人设身处地想一想takeplace与happen,breakout一样，易受汉语影响而误用于被动语态中。如：不能说：Whenwillthebasketballgamebetakenplace？应说：Whenwillthebasketballgametakeplace?【易混辨析】takeplace，happen，breakout，occur(1)takeplace发生(常指事先安排或计划的事情)(2)occur指“发生”时可与happen换用，但后接tosb./sth.时，两者含义不同：happentosb./sth.指不好的事情发生在某人/物身上；occurtosb./sth.指“某种思想等被想到；出现在头脑里”。(3)breakout爆发(指战争，灾害等突然发生)3.starve(v.)1)挨饿；饿死(vi.)战争中数百万人挨饿至死。Millionsofpeoplestarvedtodeathduringthewar.2)使挨饿，使饿死（vt.）starveoneself绝食敌人想把我们饿死。Theenemytriedtostarveustodeath.3)starveforsth.=longforsth.=hungerforsth.这些无家可归的孩子渴望得到爱。Thehomelesschildrenstarvedforlove.starvation(n.)挨饿；饿死dieofstarvation饿死starvationwages不够维持基本生活的工资4.inmemoryof=inhonourof纪念某人这个雕像是为了纪念那位有名的科学家而建立的。Thestatuewasbuiltinmemoryofthefamousscientist.5.beliefn．信任；信心；信仰(pl.beliefs)believevt.相信beyondbelief难以置信havebeliefin相信，信任inthebeliefthat…相信……Itissb’sbeliefthat…某人相信……6.dressup(使)盛装；打扮；装饰dressupforsth为某事而盛装dressupassb打扮成某人get/bedressedin穿着(衣服或颜色)dresssb/oneself给某人或自己穿衣服puton穿上，戴上；上演，演出7.trickn．诡计；恶作剧；窍门;花招vt.欺骗；诈骗playatrick/trickson搞恶作剧；捉弄某人tricksbintodoingsth诱使/骗某人做某事tricksboutofsth骗走某人某物他假装有钱，骗女朋友跟他结了婚。Hetrickedhisgirlfriendintomarryinghimbypretendingtoberich.这些男孩喜欢捉弄他们的老师。Theseboysloveplayingtricksontheirteacher.8.IndiahasanationalfestivalonOctober2tohonourMohandasGandhi,theleaderwhohelpedgainIndia’sindependencefromBritain.[点拨]MohandasGandhi和theleader是同位语，theleader指的就是MohandasGandhi这个人。昨天我遇到了我弟弟的朋友汤姆,他是他们班最好的学生。YesterdayImetTom,afriendofmybrother’swhoisthetopstudentintheirclass.9.gainvt．获得;得到n.获利;增加;利益;好处gainconfidence/strength/experience获得信心/力量/经验gainsthfrom…从…处获得某物Nopains，nogains.不劳无获。/一分耕耘,一分收获gainfullmarks获得满分gainthefirstprize获得一等奖gain(1)表经过努力一点一点地获得自己渴望的东西。Hehasgainedrichexperienceintheseyears.(2)表示速度、重量等慢慢增加。Hegainedweightafterrecoveryfromhisillness.(3)(钟，表)快。（反义：lose走慢…时间）Thisclockgainsfiveminutesaday.这只钟每天快5分钟。【易混辨析】gain,win,get,earn,acquire,obtain(1)gain强调经过艰苦的，更大的努力而获得成就，利益，好处。(2)win常指具有优越的特质或条件而能克服各种障碍，为“赢得”。(3)get为普通词，有时指不一定需要努力就能“得到”。(4)earn意为“赚得”，表示经过艰苦努力所得的报酬。(5)acquire意为“获得”，一般指通过漫长的过程而逐渐获得。(6)obtain意为通过自身的努力，技能或工作获得。(1)I'mnewinthejobbutIhavealreadygainedmuchexperience.(2)Pleasegetmeaglassofwater.(3)Hisperseverancewonhimmanyfriendsandagoldmedal.(4)Heearned/earnsupto$50,000ayearbywritingstories.(5)Aftersixyears'study，hehasacquiredagoodknowledgeofEnglish.(6)Youwillneedtoobtainpermissionfromtheprincipal(大学校长).10.awardvt.判定；授予n.奖品；奖awardsbsth＝awardsthtosb奖给某人某物win/gain/receiveanawardforsth因某事获奖beawardedsth被授予…berewardedwithsth被奖赏….behonoredwithsth被表彰/表扬….11.admirevt.(praise)赞美，钦佩；羡慕；欣赏admirern．钦佩者；羡慕者admiringadj.赞赏的；羡慕的admirableadj.可钦佩的;令人羡慕的admirationn.羡慕；钦佩admiresbforsth因某事而钦佩某人inadmiration羡慕地；爱慕地havegreatadmirationforsb钦佩某人12.lookforwardtosth/doingsth期待，期盼lookoutfor注意；当心；提防lookupto仰慕lookbackon回顾；回头看lookdownupon/on…轻视/看不起…lookintosth调查13.Thecountry,coveredwithcherrytreeflowers,looksasthoughitiscoveredwithpinksnow.asthough仿佛，好像asthough和asif可引导方式状语从句和表语从句,其从句谓语常用虚拟语气。(1)引导方式状语从句当从句主语和主句主语一致,从句谓语中又含有动词tobe时,可把主语和tobe一起省去。他环视四周,好像寻找什么。Heglancedaboutasthough(hewas)insearchofsomething.(2)引导表语从句看样子天要下雨了。Itlooksasifit’sgoingtorain.asthough和asif从句用虚拟语气,还是用陈述语气。完全根据具体情况而定。如果从句表示的意思与事实完全相反,或者纯粹是一种假设,通常用虚拟语气。那孩子说话的样子好像她是个大人。Thechildtalksasifshewereanadult.Hewalkedintothehouseasifhehadboughtit.14.Nowyoucanfindyourpassionforexerciseandhavefunwithyourkidsatthesametime.havefunwith玩得高兴，玩得开心havefun意为“过得快乐”。同义词组为haveagoodtime,enjoyoneself。短语有：havefun(in)doingsth.快乐地做某事。我晚上闲着无事很无聊。Ihavenofuninspendingtheeveningdoingnothing.15.turnupIfhedoesn’tturnupsoon,weshallhavetogowithouthim.到来;露面;出现Thelostpapershaveturnedup.被找到;被发现SheturnedtheTVup.把…开大一些turndown拒绝；关小，调低turnout结果是；证明是；生产（turnoutsth）turnover翻身；打滚；移交；转动turnoff关掉turntosbforhelp向某人求助16.keepone’sword意为“守信用”,反义词是breakone’sword,即“失信”。他总是一个守信用的人。Heisamanwhoalwayskeepshisword.注意：keepone’sword和breakone’sword中的名词word不能用复数形式。inaword/inshort/tobeshort/inbrief简言之；总之haveawordwithsb.与某人谈话havewordswithsb.与某人争论/争吵inotherwords换句话说17.apologizevi.道歉，辩解，辩护apologyn．道歉，致歉apologeticadj.道歉的；谢罪的；愧疚的apologeticallyadv.抱歉地；道歉地apologize(tosb)for(doing)sth因(做)某事向某人道歉make/offeranapology(tosb)for(do