2019版高考英语大一轮复习第一部分Module1BritishandAmericanEnglish课下作业外研版必修5

Module1BritishandAmericanEnglishⅠ.要点单词—识记·联想·运用[会书写]一、核心单词1.queuevi.排队(等待)2.comparevt.比较3.presentvt.陈说；提出(看法、计划等)4.attemptn.努力；试试5.lookn.外观；表面；样子6.criticise/criticizevt.责备二、阅读单词1.linguistn.语言学家2.omitvt.省略3.remarkn.议论；发言4.distinctiveadj.独出心裁的5.standardadj.标准的三、拓展单词1.obviousadj.明显的，不言而喻的→obviouslyadv.明显地；显而易看法2.confusingadj.令人疑惑的；难懂的→confusedadj.感觉疑惑的→confusevt.使疑惑confusionn.疑惑3.varietyn.种类→varyv.不一样→variousadj.各种各种的4.differvi.不一样，有差异→differencen.差异→differentadj.不一样的→differentlyadv.不一样地5.settler.移民；定居者→settlev.定居；逗留；解决；在(某国等)殖民→settlement.nn定居点；解决；殖民过程6.steadilyadv.不停地；连续地→steadyadj.连续的，稳固的7.rapidlyadv.快速地→rapidadj.快速的18.announcementn.申明；宣布→announcev.申明；宣布9.addvt.加；增添→additionn.加法，加，附带→additionaladj.此外的，附带的10.simplifyvt.简化→simpleadj.简单的→simply.简单地；只是binationn.组合；联合→combinev.联合12.referencen.参照；查阅→referv.查阅；提到；波及(to)[会累积]含att形近词集锦attemptv.&n.妄图，试图②attendv.列席；上(学)；照顾③attractvt.吸引④attachvt.使依赖；贴上；系上⑤attackv.&n.攻击；抨击⑥attainvt.达到，实现；获取－ist后缀，表示“人”①linguistn.语言学家scientistn.科学家③touristn.旅客④chemistn.化学家⑤physicistn.物理学家以重读闭音节结尾且末端只有一个辅音字母的动词的过去式和过去分词要双写该辅音字母，再加edadmit→admitted→admittedprefer→preferred→preferredrefer→referred→referred4.“议论”单词知多少①commentn.议论；建议；责备②remarkn.议论reviewn.回首；复习；议论④criticismn.责备；责备－ly组成副词的后缀2①steadilyadv.不停地；连续地rapidlyadv.快速地③gentlyadv.温柔地④truly/reallyadv.真实地[会应用]用所给词的适合形式填空1.Theconfusedlookonherfaceshowedshewasconfusedbytheconfusingquestion.(confuse)2.Fromtheappearance,wecannottellthedifferencesbetweenthetwins,thoughtheyalwayshavesomedifferentideas.Asforthisphenomenon,ideasdifferamongmanypeople.(differ)3.Hemadesimpleremarksonherremarkableachievements.(remark)4.Afterhewascriticisedbythecritic,herealizedthatcriticismwasveryimportant.(criticise)5.Thebookexplainsgrammarsimplyandclearly,becausetheauthorusedsimpleexamplesentencestosimplifyabstractconcepts.(simple)6.Hisgenerousdonationfilledourneedforadditionalfunds,andinaddition,__itencouragedmoreandmorepeopletogiveahand.(add)Ⅱ.核心短语—识记·联想·运用[会书写]1.have...in_common有同样的特色2.make_a_difference有影响，使不同样3.get_around四周走动(旅游)4.be_similar__to与相像5.have_difficulty_(in)_doing_sth做某事有困难6.leadto惹起；致使7.infavourof赞同；支持8.referto...as...称为9.thanksto幸好，多亏10.pickup学会；拾起；收听(广播)；(用车)接人；好转[会累积]3“make＋a＋n.”短语荟萃①makeareservation预约②makeadifference有影响，有差异③makeacontribution贡献④makeamistake出错误⑤makeanoise发出噪音“be＋adj.＋to”构造小结①besuperiorto比优胜/年长②beseniorto...比年长/资历深③bejuniorto...比年青/资历浅④beinferiorto...次于；不如⑤besimilarto与相像⑥befamiliarto为所熟习[会应用]采用上表左栏短语填空1.Nothavingagoodsenseofdirection,IalwaystakeamapalongwheneverIget__aroundinthecity.2.Asweallknow,drivingtoofastanddrunkdrivingcanlead__toalotofaccidents.3.Whenaskedabouttheiropinionabouttheschoolmaster,manyteacherswouldprefertoseehimstepasidein__favor__ofyoungermen.4.Theyarenowingreatneedofhelp.Soyoursupportwillcertainlymake__a__difference.5.Thanks__tomodernscienceandtechnology,peopleleadamorecomfortableandricherlife.6.It’ssurprisingthatyourbrotherpicked__upRussiansoquickly—hehasn’tlivedthereverylong.Ⅲ.经典句式—剖析·背诵·仿写句型公式1：while作并列连词，表示对照，意为“而，但是”。[教材原句]Americansuseaflashlight,whilefortheBritish,it’satorch.美国人把手电筒称为flashlight，而英国人叫它torch。[句型仿写]Mybrotherisfondofplayingchess，while__I__enjoy__playing4football__and__basketball.我哥哥喜爱下棋，而我喜爱踢足球和打篮球。句型公式2：havedifficulty(in)doingsth“做某事有困难”。[教材原句]ALondonerhasmoredifficultyunderstandingaScotsmanfromGlasgowthanunderstandingaNewYorker.伦敦人要听懂来自格拉斯哥的苏格兰人说话比听懂纽约人说话更难。[句型仿写]Forlackofindependence,moststudentshave_difficulty(in)_adapting_tocollegelifeatpresent.因为缺少独立，目前大多数学生很难适应大学生活。句型公式3：“find＋宾语＋宾补”构造，意为“发现处于某种状态”。[教材原句]However,ifyouturnonCNN,theAmericanTVnetwork,youfindnewsreadersandweatherforecastersallspeakingwithdifferentaccents.但是，假如你翻开美国电视网络节目CNN，你会发现新闻播报员和天气预告员操着不一样的口音。[句型仿写]Weturnedaroundandfound__the__little__girl__strugglinginthelake,cryingforhelp.我们转过身来时发现小女孩在湖中挣扎，高声呼救。Ⅳ.语篇填空—回首·补全·热诵依据课文内容，在空白处填入1个适合的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。BritishEnglish1.differs(differ)fromAmericanEnglishinmanyways.Themostobviouswayisinthevocabulary.Sometimes,thesamewordhasa2.slightly(slight)differentmeaning,whichcanbe3.confusing__(confuse).Besides,therearesomedifferencesingrammar,spellingandpronunciationbetweenthetwovarieties,4.whichsometimesmakespeoplefromdifferentplaceshave5.difficulty(difficult)inunderstandingeachother.Despitethedifferences,theystillhavemuch6.incommon,andcommunicationsacrosstheAtlantic7.have__developed(develop)steadily，whichhasledtothem8.moving__(move)closer.Thoughthereseemtobemany“Englishes”andpeoplespeakEnglishwithdifferent9.accents(accent),usersofEnglishwillallbeabletounderstandeachother，10.wherevertheyare.5[核心词汇]1.differvi.不一样，有差异(1)differfrom＝bedifferentfrom与不一样differin＝bedifferentin在方面不一样differwithsbabout/onsth对于某事与某人建议不一样(2)differencen.不一样；差异makeadifference有影响；重要，重要tellthedifferencebetween...and...划分与的差异①Thisbookdiffersfromthatoneinthewritingstyle.这本书和那本书的写作风格不一样。②Onlywhenwematchourwordswithactionscanwemakeadifference(different)inwhateverwehopetoaccomplish.只有言行相符我们才能在希望达成的任何事情上有所作为。2.attemptn.努力；试试；妄图vt.试图；妄图(1)makeanattempttodo/atdoingsth试图做某事atone’s/thefirstattempt第一次试试(2)attempttodo/atdoingsth试图做某事(3)attemptedadj.未遂的①Theonlytimethatweattemptedto__do(do)somethinglikethatwasinthecityofPhiladelphia.我们独一一次试着做那样的事是在费城。②Wemadeanattemptto__leave(leave)forcamping,butwerestoppedbyourteacher.我们想去野营，但被我们的老师拦住了。3.confusingadj.令人疑惑的；难懂的(1)confusevt.使疑惑；使难于理解confuseAwith/andB把A和B混杂(2)confusedadj.感觉疑惑的，感觉难懂的be/get/becomeconfusedat/about对感觉疑惑6(3)confusionn.疑惑；杂乱；混杂inconfusion疑惑地；乌七八糟①Sometimesthesamewordhasaslightlydifferentmeaning，whichcanbeconfusing(confuse).(教材原句)有时，同一个单词有略微不一样的意思，这会令人诱惑。②Feelingveryconfused(confuse)，thelittlegirllookeduptheinformationinthebooktofindouttheanswer.这个小女孩感觉特别疑惑，于是她从书上查找资料以找到答案。③Theylookedatmeinconfusion(confuse)anddidnotanswerthequestion.他们疑惑地看着我，没有回答以下问题。4.comparevt.比较；匹敌；比喻；对比n.比较(1)compare...with/to...把和对比较compare...to...把比作comparedto/with...和对比(往常作状语)(2)beyond/withoutcompare无与伦比，并世无双(3)comparisonn.比较；比较；比喻incomparisonwith与对比①Manyparentslikecomparingtheirownchildrenwiththeirfriends’children.很多父亲母亲喜爱拿自己的孩子和朋友的孩子进行比较。②Ateacherisoftencomparedtoacandle.That’sbecausetheirdevotiontoworkisbeyond__compare.老师常被喻为蜡烛。那是因为他们对工作的奉献精神是无与伦比的。③Itseemedasmallchallengecompared(compare)withtheoneIhadexperienced.与我经历过的对比，这看起来仿佛是一个小挑战。presentvt.陈说；提出(看法、计划等)；体现；赠予，颁发，介绍adj.列席的，在场的；此刻的，目前的n.礼品；目前[一词多义]写出以下句中present的词性和含义①Thecompanypresentedamedaltohimonthedayheretired.v.颁发②Thepresentsituationistakingaturnforthebetter.adj.目前的③Howmanypeoplewerepresentatthemeetingyesterday？adj.列席的7④Thesenoteswillremindyouhowtopresentyourideas.vt.陈说；提出⑤Wheneveryoubuyapresent，youshouldthinkaboutitfromthereceiver’spointofview.n.礼品sbwithsth(1)present向某人赠予某物sthtosb(2)bepresentat列席(3)atpresent＝atthepresenttime目前，此刻forthepresent目前；临时⑥At__present，moreandmorepeopleareenjoyingSing!China.此刻，愈来愈多的人喜爱《中国新歌声》。⑦I’llleavemybicyclebehind.Idon’tneeditfor__the__present.我要把自行车留下来，我临时不需要它。[名师指津]present用作形容词，表示“在场的”时，往常作表语或后置定语；表示“现在的”时，常作前置定语。6.have...incommon有同样的特色(1)havealot/much/agreatdealincommonwith与有好多共同之处havenothing/littleincommonwith与没有/极罕有共同之处(2)incommonwith与同样(3)commonsense知识①Althoughtheyaregoodfriends,theyhavelittleincommonwitheachother.只管他们是好朋友，可是他们几乎没有共同之处。In__common__withothermiddle－agedpeopleIlikejogginginthemorning.与其余中年人同样，我喜爱清晨慢跑。③Anyonewithcommon__senseisabletomaketherightdecisionwhenfacingthesituation.当面对这类状况时，任何有知识的人都会做出正确决定。leadto惹起，致使，通向leadsbtodosth使某人做某事leadsbto...率领某人前去，使某人得出(看法)leada...life过着的生活8leadtheway带路，领路①Questioningcanleadtosearching(search)forananswer.怀疑能够致使找寻答案。②InclassIwilldividethestudentsintosmallgroupsandleadthemto__practise(practise)speakingEnglishinaninterestingway.(天津卷·满分作文)在讲堂上我会把学生疏成小组，用风趣的方法让他们练习说英语。Hedecidedtolead/live__a__new__lifeaftertheunusualexperience.在此次不平时的经历事后，他决定过一种新的生活。[名师指津]leadto中的to是介词，后接名词、代词或动词－ing形式。表示致使的短语还有：resultin,contributeto,bringabout等。[要点句型]ALondonerhas__more__difficulty__understandingaScotsmanfromGlasgowthanunderstandingaNewYorker.伦敦人要听懂来自格拉斯哥的苏格兰人说话比听懂纽约人说话更难。difficulty前可用some,any,no,little等词来修饰。表示“做某事有困难”还有以下构造：havetroublewithsthhavetrouble/problems/ahardtime(in)doingsthwithsth.There’sdifficulty/troublein）doingsth.①Theexpertsaretryingtofindoutthereasonwhymanyteenagershavedifficultycommunicating(communicate)withtheirparents.专家们正在努力地弄清楚很多青少年和父亲母亲沟通有困难的原由。②Wheneverwehavetroublewithourstudies,ourteachersalwayshelpuspatiently.每逢我们在学习上碰到困难，老师老是耐心帮助我们。[名师指津]在考察句型havedifficulty(in)doingsth时，difficulty常常提早作为主句中的先行词，后边成为havedoing形式。③Youcan’timaginewhatgreatdifficultywehaveeverhaddealing(deal)withtheproblems.你想象不到我们办理这些问题时所碰到的巨大困难。9[当堂达标]Ⅰ.单词拼写1.Themanwhothoughtofcombining(联合)agasenginewithwheelswastheinventoroftheautomobiles.2.ItissaidthatAustralianscientistsaremakingfreshattempts(试试)atexplainingclimatechange.3.Hesimplified(简化)thestorysothatthechildrencouldunderstandbetter.4.ThenumberofforeignstudentsattendingChineseuniversitieshasbeenrisingsteadily(连续地)since1990.5.Asthefamousexpertremarks(讨论),thesecretofhappinessistothinkaboutpositivethingsandstayoptimistic.6.Comparing__(比较)Tomwithotherathletes,youwillfindthatTomhastheperfectbodyshapeforaswimmer.7.Itisobvious(不言而喻的)thatsheisverycleverbecauseshecanworkoutsuchadifficultproblem.8.Herletterwassoconfusing(令人疑惑的)thatIcouldhardlymakeanysenseofit.9.Allvarieties(种类)ofgoodsfordailyuseareavailableintheshoppingmall.Ⅱ.单句语法填空1.Youcanhardlyimaginethedifficultythewomanhadbringing(bring)upherchildren.2.Thisisademandingjobandasmallmistakecanmakeagreatdifference(differ).3.Somepeoplewastefoodwhileothersdon’thaveenough.4.WangYaping’slecturemakesiteasierforusto__understand(understand)thelawsofphysics.5.Studentsshouldbeencouragedto__present(present)theirownopinions,whetherrightorwrong.6.Iattemptedto__get(get)intouchwiththembutwithoutsuccess.7.Anyonefoundtrying(try)totakeknivesonboardflightswouldbecaughtbythe10police.8.Thewriter’swritingstylewaswhatpeopleremarkedon/uponmostatthemeeting.Ⅲ.单句改错1.Itrainedheavilyinthesouth,causedseriousfloodinginseveralprovinces.caused→causing__2.Comparedautumnwithotherseasons,Ilikeitbetter.Compared→Comparing3.Incommontomanyotherboys,helikescomputergames.to→with4.Thanktoyourhelp,wesucceededinsolvingthetoughproblem.Thank→Thanks5.Jimhadpreparedcarefullyforhisphysicstestsothathecouldbesureofpassingitinthefirstattempt.in→atⅣ.一句多译/句型变换1.把她和他的工作比较一下，就会发现她的好得多。①Compared__to/with__his__work，her__work__is__much__better.(过去分词短语作状语)②Comparing_her_work_with__his_work，you’ll__find__hers__is__much__better.(此刻分词短语作状语)③Compare_her_work_with_his_work，and_you’ll_find_hers_is_much_better.(祈使句＋and＋陈说句)英式英语和美式英语在好多方面有差异。①BritishEnglishdiffers__fromAmericanEnglishinmanyways.(differ)②BritishEnglishis__different__fromAmericanEnglishinmanyways.(different)③Therearedifferences__betweenBritishEnglishandAmericanEnglish.(difference)3.Heattemptedatpassingtheexam,buthefailedintheend.→Hemadeanattemptatpassing/topasstheexam,buthefailedintheend.(attemptn.)4.Everyoneinthiscityknewhim,sowefoundhishousewithoutdifficulty.→Everyoneinthiscityknewhim,sowehadnodifficultyfindinghishouse.5.OnTeachers’Day,mystudentspresentedmewithsomeflowers.→OnTeachers’Day,mystudentspresentedsomeflowerstome.[课下作业]A11(2018·贵州一般高等学校招生适应性考试)WhenIwasincollege，IspentasemesterstudyingabroadattheUniversityofStrathclydeinGlasgow，Scotland.Inmybrieftimethere，IcametoloveScotlandforitslocalculture，foodandscenery.Youmightthink，“Scotlandisn’tsodifferentfromtheU.S.；theystillspeakEnglishthere！”ButwhenIsteppedofftheplane，Iwasgreetedbyagruff－voiced(声音粗哑的)ladyatcustoms.“You’llbecomingfromAmerica，then？”Sheaskedme，andInodded.“ButallofourguysareleavingGlasgowfortheStates！”Herthickmore，wherecustomsagentsneverjokearound.AsIsettledinattheuniversity，Icouldfeelmyselfgettingusedtohearing—andevenspeaking—theScottishEnglishofmycustomsagent.Inclassroomdiscussions，peoplewouldsay“em”whentheycouldn’tthinkofwhattosayinsteadof“um”，whichwasgreatfun.Afterthefirstfewweeks，Istoppedchucklingaboutthis.Strathclydestudentsstayeduplateintothenight，runningaroundcampusandshouting，“Go！Lat’sgo，lat’sgo，lat’sgo(curseword)Glasgow！”Prettysoon，Iwasnolongersaying“thanks”atthesupermarket—instead，Isaid“cheers”.MyScottishfriendsdrankwhiskeyandatehaggis(羊杂碎布丁).IdrankplentyofwhiskeybutIwasashamedtoadmitthatIwasn’tbraveenoughtotryhaggis.Scottishbakeriesusuallysellbridies(肉馅饼).Addacupoftea—thoughIusuallyAmericanizeditbychoosingcoffeeinstead—andabridiemakesforadeliciousbreakfast.EverytimeItookatrainanywhereinScotland，I’dgazeoutattherollinghillsandwonderifgrasswasgreenerthananywhereelseintheworld.ThenI’dreflectthatthere’sareasonthiscountrywasthebirthplaceofgolf.【语篇导读】本文介绍了“我”在苏格兰学习时期的体验：居民友善，食品独到，风景优美，苏格兰英语与美式英语有差异。1.Whatdidtheauthorthinkoftheladyatcustoms?A.Impolite.B.Friendly.C.Serious.D.Calm.12答案B[推理判断题。依据第二段最后两句可知，作者以为她的苏格兰英语和风趣用得恰到利处，而美国的海关工作人员却素来不跟人开玩笑；据此可推测，作者以为这位在海关工作的女士是友善的，故B项正确。]2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“chuckling”inParagraph3mean?A.Talkingloudly.B.Comparing.C.Laughingquietly.D.Hearing.答案C[词义猜想题。依据第三段中的第二、三句并联合“Prettysoon,I...said‘cheers’.”可推知，在教室议论时，“我”发现他们的发音很风趣，几周后，“我”适应了他们的发音，所以不再偷笑。故画线词意为“偷笑”，C项正确。]3.Whatistheauthor’spurposeofwritingthetext?A.ToexplainwhyScotlandisfamousforgolf.B.TopromotethedevelopmentofScottishcateringtrade.C.Tointroducedifferentpronunciationsof“em”and“um”.D.TosharehisexperiencesinScotlandasanexchangestudent.答案D[写作企图题。通读全文并联合第一段第二句可知，本文旨在和读者分享“我”在苏格兰做互换生时期所感觉到的苏格兰文化、美食和美景，故D项正确。]B(2018·新疆一般高考第二次适应性检测)AWaytoMakeYourOld,SlowComputerLike－NewAgainIsyourcomputerpainfullyslow?Haveyouconsideredbuyinganewfastercomputerbutthepriceofevenabasiconediscouragesyou?Well,fortunately,there’sanewdevicethathasrecentlyhitthemarketandit’sabsolutelygivingold,slowcomputerslightning－fastspeedagain.Theclevernewdeviceissavingpeoplehundreds(eventhousands)butthebigcomputercompaniesaren’thappyaboutit!*WhatIsIt?13It’scalledXtra－PCandifyouhaveanold,slowcomputer,itisexactlywhatyou’vebeenwaitingfor.Xtra－PCisasmallthumbdriveyousimplyplugintoyourcomputer’sUSBportanditinstantlytransformsyouroldcomputertoalike－newone.Itworkswithanycomputer(MacorWindows)laptop,desktop,andnetbooksmadein2004orlater.*HowDoesItWork?Supereasy!Allyouhavetodois...*PlugItIn—SimplyplugXtra－PCintoaUSBportwhileyourcomputeristurnedoff.*TurnYourComputerOn—SelectbootfromUSBandbingo,you’regoodtogo.*EnjoytheNewPC—Inlessthan15minutes,you’llbeshockedatthedifferenceintheperformanceofyourcomputer.*WhatCanIDowithMyLike－NewComputer?*Surftheweb*Shareonsocialmedia*Writeemails*Watchvideos*Playgames*Safelyshoponline*Andmore!*HowMuchIsThisGoingtoCostMe?Thisisnotajoke.Xtra－PCisonly$24.99!Andtheyoffera30－daymoneybackguarantee.TherehonestlyisnogoodreasonnottotryXtra－PC.YoucangetXtra－PCdirectfromthecompany’swebsite.Makesuretobuyitfromtheofficialsiteastherearemanyknockoffsonthemarkettoday.【语篇导读】本文主要介绍了一款让老而慢的电脑面目一新的设施。4.ThebigcomputercompaniesareunhappywithXtra－PCmainlybecause________.A.peoplewillneverbuyanycomputerB.itwillprobablyaffecttheirprofitsC.itmakescomputersfasterandmoreaffordable14D.it’sanewtypeofcomputerwithcreativedesign答案B[推理判断题。依据第一部分的最后一句可知，这个新设施会令人们省钱，所以会影响大型电脑企业的收益，应选B。]5.WhichofthefollowingistrueaboutXtra－PC?A.Youshouldturnonyourcomputerwhenpluggingitin.B.Youshouldreturnitoveramonthtogetyourmoneyback.C.Youcanuseittochangeanyoldcomputerintoanewone.D.Youcanimprovetheperformanceofyouroldcomputerwithit.答案D[细节理解题。依据第一段的第三句可知，有了这个新设施，老电脑的运转速度能大大加速，与文中的“EnjoytheNewPC—Inlessthan...”响应，应选D。]6.Theunderlinedword“knockoffs”inthelastparagraphprobablymeans________.A.cheapcopiesofawell－knownproductB.illegalwebsitesthatcheatpeopleC.falsemessagesontheInternetD.companieswithabadreputation答案A[词义猜想题。依据画线词所在句可知，要去官网买此设施，其原由是因为市场上有很多低价仿冒品，应选A。]7.Themainpurposeofthepassageisto________.A.tellreadershowtospeedupyourcomputerB.encouragereaderstobuyanewdeviceC.introduceanewinventiontoreadersD.explaintoreadershowXtra－PCworks答案C[写作企图题。依据本文的整体内容可知，本文主要介绍了一款能够使老电脑焕然一新的设施，由此可知，本文主假如向读者介绍这款新产品，应选C。]C(2018·重庆调研推测二)Astheworldbecomesmoreconnected,thenumberofpeoplelivingoutsidetheirhomecountryisontherise.Tofindoutwhatmakesexpats(移民)happyintheirnewhometown,theglobalcommunitynetworkInterNationsrecentlyconductedtheirannualExpatInsidersurvey.InMalta,warmweatherandnearnesstoEuropearethebigdrawsforthis15Mediterraneannation.Theclimateleadstoaslowerpaceoflife.“Someshopshavea‘siesta’earlyintheafternoon,andmanypeoplenoticeslowserviceattherestaurants，”saidanInterNationsConsulfromRome.“Iremembersittingatatablearound8p.m.onceandleavingatmidnight!Weonlyhadastarterandonemain.”InEcuador,friendlype