强调句与定语从句

［标签:标题］篇一：强调句和各从句的区别一、定语从句与名词性从句句式结构用法比较定语从句常易与主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句等名词性从句相混淆。判断的方法是：由关系代词或副词引起的句子直接充当句中某一成分，即为名词性从句；如果这个句子修饰前面的一个名词即先行词或指代整个句子的内容，即为定语从句。例1.(1)Asisknowntoeveryone,themoontravelsroundtheearthonceeverymonth.(2)Itisknowntoeveryonethatthemoontravelsroundtheearthonceeverymonth.比较：(1)两个句子之间有连接词，而且由逗号分隔。根据前一分句意义“正如大家所知道的(众所周知)”分析，该句应用关系代词as引导非限制性定语从句，指代主句整个句子内容。(2)两个句子之间有连接词that连接。根据句意分析，that所引起的从句为主语从句，故该句应选用it作形式主语置于句首，引导主语从句。例2.(1)Shenzhenisnolongerwhatitusedtobe.(2)Shenzhenisnolongertheplacethatitusedtobe.比较：(1)句中没有充当表语的名词，故应选用代词what(??样子)引起一个表语从句。(2)句中表语名词theplace被itusedtobe所修饰，且充当其句中表语。故应选用关系代词that指代先行词theplace引起一个定语从句。例3.(1)Pleasetellmethereasonwhyhedidn'tattendthemeeting.(2)Pleasetellmewhyhedidn'tattendthemeeting.比较：(1)句中充当宾语的名词thereason被hedidn'tattendthemeeting所修饰，且充当句中的原因状语。故应选用关系副词why指代先行词thereason连接定语从句。(2)句中没有充当直接宾语的名词，而是由一个句子充当宾语。根据句意，应选用疑问副词why连接宾语从句。二、强调句与主语从句的比较强调句将句子中的itis/was…that同时省去，句子仍然成立；而主语从句将that与后面部分代替it，成立。如：ItisLiLei’sbrotherthatyoumetinthestreetyesterday.你昨天在街上所见到的就是的兄弟。本句若将Itis及that同时省去为：YoumetLiLei'sbrotherinthestreetyesterday.句子同样成立，因此前面的句子是强调句型。ItisexcitingthatwehavesucceededinsendingupShenzhouV我们成功地发射了这件事情真令人兴奋。本句若将Itis及that同时省去为:WehavesucceededexcitinginsendingupShenzhouV.显然句子错误，因此，前面句子不是强调句型，而是主语从句。三、强调句与定语从句的比较◎强调句中的It没有实际意义，Itbe与that可同时被省略；而定语从句中的Itbe与that不可同时省略；◎强调句型中be的时态须踉后面句子的时态相一致；而定语从句中主句谓语动词be的时态须由主句的时间确定◎强调句将句子中的that不能省略，也不能将that换成which；而定语从句中的that作宾语时可被省略，并且当先行词是事物时可用which代替。◎当itbe后面的时间、地点名词作主语、宾语或表语时，引导词可用that/which；而作其他成分时，引导词须用when/which。如：ItisanEnglishbook（that/which）Iboughtyesterday.它是我昨天买的书。（本句是对Whatisthat?问句的回答，that所引导的是定语从句，that可被省略）ItwastheEnglishbookthatIboughtyesterday.昨天我所买的就是这本书。（本句相当于对IboughttheEnglishbookyesterday中anEnglishbook进行强调）Itwasaroomwhereweusedtohavemeetings. 它是我们过去常在开会的房子。（where所引导的从句对前面的room进行说明，它是定语从句）Itwasintheroomthatweusedtohavemeetings.过去我们开会就在这间房子里。（intheroom是被强调的部分，本句是强调句型）Itisadaywhenthepeoplecelebratetheirvictory.这是人们庆祝他们的胜利的日子。（when所引导的从句对aday进行说明，是定语从句）Itwasonthatdaythatpeoplecelebratedtheirvictory.就在那一天，人们庆祝了他们的胜利。（强调onOctober1,1949）四、强调句与状语从句的比较◎状语从句句首的It本身就是句子的主语；而强调句首的It不作任何成分也没有实际意义。◎状语从句的连接副词that及句子前面的Itbe不能去掉（from）。◎状语从句的引导词可以是when/where，而强调句型中的that不能用其他词代替。如：Itissuchaninterestingbookthatwealllikeitverymuch,它是一一本如此有趣的书，我们大家都非常喜欢。（结果状语主从复合句）Itissuchaninterestingbookthatwealllikeverymuch.我们大家都非常喜欢的就是一本如此有趣的书。（强调suchaninterestingbook）（比较：Itissuchaninterestingbookaswealllikeverymuch.这就是我们大家都非常喜欢的如此有趣的书。定语从句）Itwasalreadymorningwhenhewokeup.当他醒来时，已经是早晨了。（时间主从复合句）Itwasthenextmorningthathewokeup,就在第二天早晨他醒来了。（强调thenextmorning）篇二：名词性从句强调句与定语从句综合练习名词性从句、强调句与定语从句综合练习Whatapityisyoudidn'tcometotheparty.A.there;becauseB.it;thatC.he;whenD.that;for—Ibelieveyou'vetriedyourbestandyoucancometothetopoftheclass.—Thankyou.A.what;/B./;/C.what;thatD./;thatPleasegivethenotetoisintheclassroom.A.whoB.whomC.whoeverD.whomeverWasityesterdayyoureceivedtheletterfromher?A.whenB.whichC.onwhichD.thatThequestionMikeaskedwasthesportsmeetwouldbeputoff.A.thatB.ifC.whetherD.becauseThesephotographswillshowyou.whatourhometownlookslikewhatdoesourhometownlooklikehowourhometownlooklikehowdoesourhometownlooklikeWeneedthesamemachineinyourfactory.A.whichisbeingusedB.asisbeingusedC.thatisbeingusedD.asitisbeingusedcanbeseenfromhisface,heisquitesatisfied.A.ThatB.ItC.WhichD.AsIshetoldyoureallyfunny?A.thatB.isC.whatD.thisPleaseletmeknowyouwantme.A.whether;todoB.that;doingC.that;doneD.what;todoHelentmealotofmaney,Icouldn'tbuytheTVset.A.withitB.forwhichC.withoutwhichD.bywhichwecan’tgetseemsbetterthanwehave.A.What;whatB.What;thatC.That;thatD.That;whatItworriedhermotherabitherhairwasturninggrey.A.whileB.thatC.ifD.for—Doyourememberourmanagercame?—Yes,Ido,hecameinhiscar.A.howB.whenC.thatD.ifPleasegoandbringyourpenhere.It′syouleftit.A.thereB.whereC.therewhereD.wherethereIt'scommonlybelievedwisetogiveachildheorshewants.A.howeverB.whateverC.whicheverD.wheneverIlivedinyoucall“AcientGreece”andIusedtowritereportsaboutOlympicGames.A.thatB.afterC.whatD.whenDoyouknow?A.whoisthatwomanB.whothatwomanisC.whomisthewomanD.thatwomanisThefactLilygotthefirstprizeiswellknowntousall.A.thatB.whatC.whyD.whichOurcityisnolongeritusedtobe.A.whichB.thatC.asD.whatWe'llneverforgetthedayswespentontheseashore.A.duringwhichB.inwhichC.whenD.XLeiFengwasalwaysthinkingofhecouldhelpother.A.thatB.howC.whomD.whichstillneedstobediscussed.HowistheworktobefinishedaheadoftimeHowtheworkistobefinishedaheadoftimeWhyistheworkfinishedaheadoftimeWhenistheworkfinishedaheadoftimeI’dlikeacarfrontlightsarebigandround.A.whichB.thatC.whoseD.whatIknownothingaboutHelenbutsheisagirlfromAmerica.A.howB.whenC.thatD.whyItdependsonwewillholdthesportsmeetnextFriday.A.ifB.ifornotC.thatD.whetherPippafailedtopasstheexamisveryclear.A.WhatB.ThatC.WhichD.WhereDorothywasalwaysspeakinghighlyofherroleintheplay,ofcourse,madetheothersunhappy.A.whoB.whichC.thisD.whatThereasonnothingonearthismotionlessistheearthisinconstantmotion(运动).A.why;thatB.that;whyC.of;thatD.that;becauseprovesthatmyopinionisright.A.ItwillhappenthatB.ThathashappenedC.WhathashappenedD.Whenithappens［答案］1.B。it在此处做形式主语，代替由that引导的主语从句。.D。两个由that引导的宾语从句被and连接时，只有引导第一个从句的that可以省略。.C。whoever在此处做连接代词，引导宾语从句且在从句中做主语。.D.强调句。正确语序为：Itwasyesterdaythatyoureceivedtheletterfromher..C。引导表语从句且含有“是否”之意的边词只能用whether而不能用if。.A。what在此处做连接代词，引导宾语从句并在从句中做宾语；宾语从句须用陈述句语序。定语从句。根据“thesame+先行词”后跟as引导定语从句的原则，可知答案为B.D。As引导的非限制性定语从句。.C。what在此处做连接代词，引导主语从句，并在从句中做直接宾语。.D。what在此处做连接代词，引导宾语从句，并在从句中做不定式todo的宾语。.C。定语从句。由“介词+which”引导。.A。第一个what引导的主语从句做主句的主语；第二个what引导的主语从句做比较状语从句的主语。两个what均在各自引导的从句中做宾语。.B。that在此处可引导主语从句；句首的it为形式主语。14.A。由答语后半部分的大意即可选定答案。15.B。where在此处做连接副词，引导表语从句且在从句中做状语。16.B。whatever在此处做连接代词，引导宾语从句，做不定式togive的直接宾语，whatever在从句中做宾语。.C。call后常接双宾语，如callhimTom,所有宾语从句中的缺少宾语，使用连接代词what既可以引导这个宾语从句又可以作call的宾语。也可参考unit2OlympicGames(book2)中reading部分。.B。who在引处做连接代词，引导宾语从句，并在从句中做表语；宾语从句须用陈述句的语序。.A。that在此处做连词，引导同位语从句，对名词thefact进行补充说明。.D。what在此做连接词，引导表语从句，且在从句中做表语。.D。定语从句。thedays为先行词，wespent后缺少宾语，可用that或which来引导,也可以省略。22.B。how在此处做连接副词，引导宾语从句，并在从句中做状语。。how在此处做连接副词，引导主语从句；主语从句本身须用陈述句的语序。定语从句。whose在此作引导词，同时也修饰frontcar。此句还可变为：I’dlikeacarthefrontlightsofwhicharebigandround.。.Cothat在此处做连词，引导宾语从句，做介词but的宾语。.D。引导做介词宾语的从句且含有“是否”之意时，连词只能用whether而不能用if，因为if只能引导动词的宾语从句，不能引导介词的宾语从句。27.B。that在此处做连词，引导主语从句，在从句中不担当成分，但不可省略(位于句首)。28.B。非限制性定语从句。Which指代“Dorothywasalwaysspeakinghighlyofherroleintheplay”这部分，ofcourse为插入语。.A。先行词为reason时，定语从句常由why来引导；主语为reason时，表示原因的表语从句不能用because而要用that来引导。请从下面归纳出三个基本句型：Theraesonwhyhewaslatewasthathemissedthebus.Hewaslate.Thatwasbecausehemissedthebus.Hemissedthebus.Thatwaswhyhewaslate..C。what在此处做连接代词，引导主语从句且在从句中做主语。篇三：定语从句、强调句和同位语从句定语从句、同位语从句与强调句一、定语从句1、定语从句在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词，词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引出。关系代词有：who,whom,whose,that,which；关系副词有：when,where,why。2、非限制性定语从句的“四个不能”：(1)非限制性定语从句通常不能用that引导。(2)非限制性定语从句不能用why引导，要用forwhich代替。例：Ihadtoldthemthereason,forwhichIdidn'tattendthemeeting.(3)由一介词+关系代词”时，关系代词不能用as。(4)指人的关系代词作宾语时用whom,不能省略。3、在定语从句中，当先行词指物时，下列情况的关系词宜用that而不用which(1)先行词被①形容词最高级②序数词③数词几种词修饰或被④only、any、few、little、no、all、oneof等修饰时。先行词为all、much、little、none、few、one、something、anything等不定代词时。(3)先行词中既有人又有物时。例：Hewaslookingpleasantlyattechildrenandparcelsthatfilledhisbus.(4)先行词在主句中作表语关系词在从句中作表语时。例：Thevillageisnolongertheonethatwas5yearsago.(5)当主句中含有疑问词which时。例：Whicharethebooksthatyouboughtforme?4、几个特殊的定语从句句型：Heistheonlyoneofthestudentswhohasgotverygoodmarksinthematch.(句中one为先行词)Heisoneofthestudentswhohavegotgoodmarksinthematch.(句中students为先行词)Isthisplacetheone(that)wevisitedyesterday?Isthistheplace(that/which)wevisitedyesterday?Hestoodatthewindow,fromwherehecouldseewhatwashappening.Itmayrain,inwhichcasethematchwillbeputoff.5、定语从句的做题方法：(1)找出主句，确定先行词；(2)找出从句，判断从句是否完整(是否符合简单句的基本构成)一一否，用关系代词；是，用关系副词。二、同位语从句1、同位语从句就是在复合句中作名词的同位语的名词性从句。同位语从句对于名词进一步解释，说明名词的具体内容，一般由that引导.例：Theking'sdecisionthattheprisonerwouldbesetfreesurprisedallthepeople.2、同位语从句有时可以不紧踉在它所说明的名词后面，而是被别的词隔开。例：HegotthenewsfromMarythatthesportsmeetingwasputoff.三、强调句1、强调句型的基本结构：Itis/was+被强调部分(主语、宾语、宾语补足语或状语等)+that/who+句子的其余部分。例：ItwasyesterdaythatMarymetanoldbeggarinthestreet.(强调时间状语)2、强调句中含有notuntil的句子在强调notuntil句型时，not位于until从句前，主句谓语动词作相应变化，即itis(was)+notuntil从句+that+其它。例：Itwasnotuntilhehadfinishedtheworkthathewenthome.四、同位语从句与定语从句的区别1、定语从句中的that既代替先行词，同时以在从句中作某个成分(主语或宾语)，而同位语从句中的that是连词，只起连接主句与从句的作用，不充当句中任何成分。2、定语从句是形容词性的，其功能是修饰先行词，对先行词加以限定，描述定的性质或特征；同位语从句是名词性的，其功能是对名词进行补充说明。例：(1)ThenewsthathetoldmeisthatTomwouldgoabroadnextyear.(第一个that引导的从句是定语从句，that在从句中作宾语))ThenewsthatTomwouldgoabroadistoldbyhim.(同位语从句，that在句中不作任何成分)注意：当主句的谓语部分过短时，同位语从句放在谓语动词的后面，以免头重脚轻，句子不平衡。例：Wordcamethatourteamhadwonthegame.五、定语从句与强调句的区别1、定语从句中关系词作从句成分，复合句。2、强调it无意义，that/who不是引导词。3、强调itis/was和that/who后如果句子意思讲得通则是强调句，讲不通则不是。 例：Itisthemuseumthat/whichwevisitedlastyear.定语从句）Itwasinthehotelthatwestayedlastnight.（强调句）练习：1、1..A.whichB.whoC.itD.that2..A.thatB.whichC.whereD.thereThereisnodictionaryyoucanfindeverything.A.thatB.whichC.whereD.inthatNextmonth,.A.whichB.thatC.whenD.whereItwason12May,2008theearthquakeofWenchuancounty,Sichuanprovimcehappened.A.sinceB.whichC.thatD.when.you'llbeinyourhometowniscoming.A.whichB.thatC.whenD.whereHewantedtoknowthetimeheneededtoknow.A.thatB.whenC.whereD.whatThereisn'tsomuchnoiseinthecountryinbigcities.A.thatB.whichC.whereD.asTheycouldonlyreadsuchstories.A.thatB.whichC.asD.whatInformationhasbeenputforwardmoremiddleschoolgraduateswillbeadmittedintouniversities.A.whileB.thatC.whenD.as.Crusoe'sdogbecameillanddied,madehimverylonely.A.asB.whichC.thatD.thisItwasnotuntilmidnight_theyreachedthecampsite.A.thatB.whenC.whileD.asThere'safeelinginmewe'llneverknowwhataUFOis-notever.A.thatB.whichC.ofwhichD.what..A.WhichB.WhatC.ThatD.AsItissaidt