河北工业大学研究生英语期末考试样题-2012.6

GENERALENGLISHQUALIFYINGTEST

FORNON-ENGLISHMAJORGRADUATESTUDENTS

(2012-06)

PAPERONE

PARTILISTENINGCOMPREHENSION(25minutes,20points)

SectionA(1pointeach)

DirectionsI:nthissection,youwillhearnineshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Atthe

endofeachconversationaquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.The

conversationsandthequestionswillbereadONLYONCE.Choosethebestanswer

fromthefourchoicesgivenbymarkingthecorrespondingletterwithasinglebar

acrossthesquarebracketsonyourmachine-scoringAnswerSheet.

1.A.Heisprettycomfortableinthiskindofsetting.

B.Heisnotateasewhenseeingher.

C.Heisnotusedtothecurrentsurroundings.

D.Herarelyfeelsshyinunfamiliarplaces.

2.A.Waiterandcustomer.

B.Husbandandwife.

C.Bossandsecretary.

D.Doctorandpatient.

3.A.Theywenttoseeamovie.

B.Theyhadaheatedquarrel.

C.Theyendedtheirrelationship.

D.Theychangedtheirplan.

4.A.Atacoffeeshop.

B.Inthestreet.

C.Atoneshome.

D.Inarestaurant.

5.A.Shepreferstogoshoppingwithhim.

B.Shedoesnotwanttoeatout.

C.Sheisinabadmoodtoday.

D.Shewantstoenjoytheperfectweather.

6.A.TuesdayandFriday.

B.WednesdayandThursday.

D.SaturdayandSunday.

C.MondayandSaturday.

7.A.Themanalwaysmakeswisedecisions.

B.Janemaynotbeabletodothejobverywell.

C.Janeknowshowtorunachainstore.

D.Themanreallylikesthebookcover.

8.A.Thewomanneedstoarriveearlier.

B.Themanhastodelayhisdeparture.

C.Thewomandislikesairtravel.

D.Themanhassomeextraworktomorrow.

9.A.Doublemajorinbothbusinessandpsychology.

B.Majorinbusinessandminorinpsychology.

C.Dropbusinessorpsychology.

D.Choosetwocloselyrelatedmajors.

SectionB(1pointeach)

Directions:Inthissectionyouwillheartwomini-talks.Attheendofeachtalk,therewillbesome

questions.Boththetalksandthequestionswillbereadtoyouonlyonce.Aftereach

question,therewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustchoosethebestanswer

fromthefourchoicesgivenbymarkingthecorrespondingletterwithasinglebar

acrossthesquarebracketsonyourmachine-scoringAnswerSheet.

Mini-talkOne

10.A.Itrepresentsthebrideslinktoherfamilyandthepast.

B.Itrepresentssupportofthebridesfamilyandfriends.

C.Itsasymbolofgoodluckandsuccess.

D.Itsasymbolofgoodhealth.

11.A.Wealthandhealth.

B.Protectionagainstevil.

C.Loyaltyandpurity.

D.Aremainderofthepast.

12.A.Wearingsomethingnew.

B.Wearingblueitems.

C.Wearingsomethingborrowed.

D.Wearingasilversixpenceinashoe.

Mini-talkTwo

13.A.Theyarefacingbudgetdeficit.

B.Theyaregivingmoreweighttoacademicstudy.

C.Theyareconductingobservationalstudies.

D.Theyareshorteningschoolhours.

14.A.Becausebeingactiveisthecauseofhighergrades.

B.Becausetheamountofactivityrequiredisjustright.

C.Becausetheyhelpstudentslearntofollowrulesinclass.

D.Becausetheycanarousestudentscuriosity.

15.A.Whetherthereisdifferencebetweenschoolsubjects.

B.Whetherphysicalactivityislinkedtoacademicperformance.

C.Whetheracomparisonshouldbemadewiththecontrol.

D.Whethertheamountofactivityaffectsacademicperformance.

SectionC(1pointeach)

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearatalk.Answerthequestionsbelow.Youwillhearthe

recordingtwice.Attheendofthetalktherewillbea3-minutepause,duringwhich

timeyouareaskedtowritedownyouranswersbriefsontheAnswerSheet.Younow

have25secondstoreadthequestionsbelow.

（请在录音结束后把16-20题的答案抄写在答题纸上）

16.Tokeepyoursensitiveinformationsafe,yourjobistocreateapasswordthatisvery

_________(3words).

17.Yourpasswordshouldnot________(2words)aboutyou.

18.Considerthis:inadditionto________(2words),phrasescanalsobeeasytoremember.

19.Thispasswordcouldstillbestrongerbyaddingupper-caseletters,numbersor________(2

words).

20.Alwaysrememberto________(3words)eachsiteyouvisitonacomputerthatisntyours.

PARTIIVOCABULARY(10minutes,10points)

SectionA(0.5pointeach)

Directions:Therearetenquestionsinthissection.Eachquestionisasentencewithonewordor

phraseunderlined.BelowthesentencearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choose

thewordorphrasethatisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedone.Markthecorrespondingletter

withasinglebaracrossthesquarebracketsonyourmachine-scoringAnswerSheet.

21.Facebookstopexecutivesareeligiblefortwice-a-yearbonusesofupto45percentoftheir

basesalaries.

A.optional

B.qualified

C.desirable

D.casual

22.Wayshavetobefoundtoaccommodatethespecialneedsoftheseleft-behindchildreninrural

areas.

A.satisfy

B.occupy

C.alter

D.host

23.ThenumberofpeoplewithAlzheimersdiseaseintheUnitedStatesisprojectedtomorethan

doubleby2050.

A.devised

24.Mysupervisor,gentleandfriendly,mademefeelateasefromthefirstmeetingwithhim.

A.atlargeB.atlengthC.atrandomD.athome

25.IsearchedthelibrarytoseewhatIcouldlearnaboutthemassacre,butnothingturnedup.

A.wasrecommendedB.wasfoundC.wasunderstoodD.wasclarified

26.GeraldineFerrarosaidthatwhoevercoinedthetermObamaCarewasbrilliant.

A.cameuponB.brokedownC.madeupD.drewon

27.Uponlearningthathismotherwasgravelyill,hewastednotimegettingtothehospital.

A.suddenlyB.moderatelyC.seriouslyD.genetically

B.thrust

C.estimated

D.encountered

28.Itrequiresuncompromisingeffortstodeveloptheseresidencesintotruehomesforour

underprivilegedcitizens.

A.unproductive

29.Snowisnotpredicatedfortoday;wecanexpectsomerain,though.

A.althoughB.thereforeC.yetD.however

30.Atthattime,therewasawealthofevidencethatJapanwasplanningwarinthePacific.

A.abundantB.valuableC.expensiveD.priceless

B.unyielding

C.uninviting

D.unintentional

SectionB(0.5pointeach)

Directions:Therearetenquestionsinthissection.Eachquestionisasentencewithsomething

missing.BeloweachsentencearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.

Chooseonewordorphrasethatbestcompletesthesentence.Markthecorresponding

letterwithasinglebaracrossthesquarebracketsonyourmachine-scoringAnswer

Sheet.

31.Thisoldmandevelopednervedamagetohisbrain,_______himnearlydisabled.

A.leaving

32.Thesediscoverieshaveopenedupnew_______inthefieldofcancerresearch.

A.rainbowsB.horizonsC.altitudesD.paradoxes

33.SomepoliticiansinJapanstillbelievethattheNanjingmassacreisnothingbuta_______.

A.novelB.flawC.truthD.myth

B.keeping

C.allowing

D.causing

34.Manypeoplechoosetobehonestwhencreatingtheironline_______tomakefuturedating

easier.

A.pretexts

B.prepositions

C.profiles

D.protests

35.Severallargestudieshavefound_______loweroddsofheartdiseaseamongregularnut

eaters.

A.confidently

36.Thebossneedsaworkoutprogramthatperfectly_______hisbusyschedule.

A.turnsintoB.fallsintoC.looksintoD.fitsinto

B.consistently

C.conceptually

D.contemptuously

37.Aglimpse_______oursolarsystemrevealstheneighborhoodoutsidethesunsinfluenceis

strangerthanexpected.

A.into

38.Ithasnever_______tomethatanintimateknowledgeofEnglishgrammarcanbesouseful.

A.occurredB.happenedC.turnedD.conformed

39.TheFDAisexpectedtorequiresafetystudiesone-cigarettesand_______theiruse.

A.regulateB.recollectC.reboundD.rehearse

B.at

C.by

D.beyond

40.Teenagerscanbecome________andhardtohandleifeverysingledecisionistakenaway

fromthem.

A.obedient

B.cooperative

C.rebellious

D.aesthetic

PARTIIICLOZETEST(10minutes,10points,1pointeach)

DirectionsT:hereare10questionsinthispartofthetest.Readthepassagethrough.Then,go

backandchooseonesuitablewordorphrasemarchedA,B,C,orDforeachblankin

thepassage.Markthecorrespondingletterofthewordorphraseyouhavechosen

withasinglebaracrossthesquarebracketsonyourmachine-scoringAnswerSheet.

“Abetter,richerandhappierlifeforallourcitizens.”ThatstheAmerican__41__.In

practice,itmeanslivinginaspacious,air-conditionedhouse,owningacarorthreeandmaybea

boatoraholidayhome,nottomentionflyingoffto__42__destinations.

Thetrouble__43__thislifestyleisthatitconsumesalotofpower.Ifeveryoneintheworld

startedlivinglikewealthyAmericans,we__44__needtogeneratemorethan10times__45__

energyeachyear.And__46__,inacenturyorthree,weallexpecttobe__47__byanarmyof

robotsandflyintospaceonholidays,wearegoingtoneedavastamountmore.Wherearewe

goingtogetsomuchpowerfrom?

Itisclearthatcontinuingtorelyon__48__fuelswillhavecatastrophicresults,becauseof

thedramaticwarmingeffectofcarbondioxide.Butalternativepowersourceswillaffectthe

climatetoo.Fornow,theclimateeffectsof“cleanenergy”sourcesaretrivial__49__thosefrom

greenhousegases,butifwekeeponusingevermorepoweroverthecomingcenturies,theywill

becomeevermore__50__.

41.A.constitution

42.A.exotic

43.A.on

B.dream

C.history

C.supersonic

C.at

D.character

D.alcoholic

D.with

B.patriotic

B.for

44.A.shall

B.will

C.should

C.asmuch

C.while

D.would

45.A.muchmore

46.A.if

B.morethan

B.though

B.attendedto

B.stone

D.ofmore

D.so

47.A.takento

48.A.rock

C.attachedto

C.fossil

D.submittedto

D.diamond

D.comparedwith

49.A.accordingto

50.A.significant

B.basedon

B.imperative

C.suchas

C.indispensableD.negligible

PARTIVREADINGCOMPREHENSION(45minutes,30points,1point

each)

Directions:

Inthispartofthetest,therearefiveshortpassages.Readeachpassagecarefully,

andthentothequestionsthatfollow.Choosethebestanswerfromthefourchoices

givenandmarkthecorrespondingletterwithasinglebaracrossthesquarebrackets

onyourMachine-scoringAnswerSheet.

PassageOne

Asmanypeoplehitmiddleage,theyoftenstarttonoticethattheirmemoryandmental

clarityarenotwhattheyusedtobe.Wesuddenlycan‟trememberwhereweputthekeysjusta

momentagooranoldacquaintance‟sname.Asthebrainfades,werefertotheseoccurrencesas

“seniormoments.”Whileseeminglyinnocent,thislossofmentalfocuscanpotentiallyhavea

detrimentalimpactonourprofessional,social,andpersonalwell-being.

Neuroscientistsareincreasinglyshowingthatthere‟sactuallyalotthatcanbedone.Itturns

outthatthebrainneedsexerciseinmuchthesamewayoutmusclesdo,andtherightmental

workoutscansignificantlyimproveourbasiccognitivefunctions.Thinkingisessentiallyaprocess

ofmakingneuralconnectionsinthebrain.Becausetheseconnectionsaremadethrougheffortand

practice,scientistsbelievethatintelligencecanexpandandfluctuateaccordingtomentaleffort.

Anewcompanyhastakenitastepfurtheranddevelopedthefirst“braintrainingprogram”,

calledLumosity,toactuallyhelppeopleimproveandregaintheirmentalsharpness.Lumosityis

farmorethananonlineplacetoexerciseyourmentalskills.That‟sbecausetheyhaveintegrated

theseexercisesintoaWeb-basedprogramthatallowsyoutosystematicallyimproveyourmemory

andattentionskills.Theprogramkeepstrackofyourprogressandprovidesdetailedfeedbackon

yourperformanceandimprovement.Mostimportantly,itconstantlymodifiesandenhancesthe

gamesyouplaytobuildonthestrengthsyouaredeveloping–muchlikeaneffectiveexercise

routinerequiresyoutoincreaseresistanceandvaryyourmuscleuse.

Apparentlyitworks.Inrandomized,controlledclinicaltrialsLumositywasshownto

significantlyimprovebasiccognitivefunctions.Onestudyshowedstudentsimprovedtheirscores

onmathtestsby34percentafterusingLumosityforsixweeks.Thecompanysaysitsusershave

reportedclearerandquickerthinking,improvedmemory,increasedalertnessandawareness,

elevatedmood,andbetterconcentrationatworkorwhiledriving.

WhilemanyofthegamesatLumosityarefree,amodestsubscriptionfeeisrequiredtouse

thefullprogramoverthelongterm.However,Lumosityiscurrentlyofferingafreetrialoftheir

programtonewuserssothatyoucanseehowwellitworksbeforeyoudecidetosubscribe.The

companybelievestheresultswillspeakforthemselves.

51.Whatcanwelearnabout“seniormoments”?

A.Theyarenothingtobeworriedabout.

B.Theyhappentoeachmiddle-agedperson.

C.Theymostlyhappentotheelders.

D.Theyaresignsofdecliningmemory.

52.Neuroscientistsarebeginningtofindthat_______.

A.cognitivefunctionscanbeimprovedbymentaleffort

B.intelligencevarieswiththeamountofphysicalexercise

C.“seniormoments”arequiteusefulatwork

D.ourbrainandmusclesshouldbetraineddifferently

53.FromParagraph3,itcanbeconcludedthatLumosity_______.

A.isjustanonlineplacetoexerciseyourmentalskills

B.requirestheuserstokeepdoingthesamegames

C.isasetofexercisesintendedforthementally-retarded

D.canhelpusersmakeimprovementinthebrain

54.ClinicaltrialshaveprovedthatLumosity_______.

A.isbetterthanreported

B.ishighlyeffectiveandbeneficial

C.shouldbeunderstrictcontrol

D.leavesmuchtobedesired

55.WhichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaboutLumosity?

A.Accesstothesegamesisquiteexpensive.

B.Chronicusershavetopayfortheaccesstothegames.

C.AllthegamesatLumosityarefreeofcharge.

D.Accesstothegamesislimitedtosubscribers.

56.Themainpurposeinwritingthispassageisto________.

A.presentthenewfindingsofneuroscientists

B.remindthemiddle-agedtotakephysicalexercise

C.describehowLumositycameintobeing

D.introducehowbrainingtrainingmakesyousmarter

PassageTwo

AccordingtopsychologyprofessorCarolDweckofStanfordUniversity,“Praisingchildren

forbeingsmartcanbackfire.”Ifthisdoesn‟tgettheattentionofMillenniumparents,I‟mnotsure

whatwill.

Itismyobservationthatsomanyparentstodaybelievethatiftheirchildappearstobethe

beastbit“advanced”forhisage,he‟sdestinedtobethenextAlbertEinstein,TigerWoods,orBill

Gates.It‟shumannatureformomanddadtoshowmuchadmirationfortheirchildanddishout

praiseforaccomplishmentsachieved.Theproblemis,accordingtothisstudy,parentsmaynotbe

doingthebestthingbypraisingtheirchildforhisintelligence.

DwecksresearchinvolvedjuniorhighstudentsinNewYorkandconcludedthat“classroom

performanceimprovedwhenherstudysubjectsbelievedthebrainislikeamusclethatcangrow.”

Studentswho“focusedonthelearningprocess(effort,concentrationorstrategiesused)askedfor

feedbackanddidbetterinallsubjects.”Feedbacksuchas,„Youdidwellbecauseyouworkedso

hardor„Youusedsomanydescriptivewordstomakethisstoryinterestingcanencourage

childrentotrynewthings,astheyarebeingrewardedfortheireffort.Whenthe„timeandeffort

strategyisbeingpositivelyreinforced,thechildwillprobablyusethesamestrategynexttimethey

arelearningsomething.Overtimenewstrategiescanbeintroduced,sothechildsrepertoireof

strategiesisbroadened.

Dweckgoesontosaythat“they(studentswhoimproved)performedbetterbecausetheir

successwasbeingmeasuredbyeffort,notbytestscoresorgrades.”Parentsshouldpraiseeffort,

notjustresults.Childrenwhoreceivedpraiseabouttheirinnateabilities(talentsorstrengths)had

lesschanceoftryingnewthingsandbecameanxiousandunderperformedasthingsbecamemore

difficult.Thatisoneofthegreatestdangerstocontinuallypraisingchildrenforwhatevertheydo

inordertofalselyraiseachildsself-esteem.

Whataremomanddadtodo?Offergenuinepraiseandencouragementforeffortand

successes,butbalancethiswithsettingappropriateexpectationsandfollowingupwith

consequenceswhenthechildfallsshortduetolaziness.Dontmakeexcuses.Yourchildwill

betterfacethechallengeslifehastoofferinthefuturewhenyouasaparentrecognizetheefforts

heismakingtoday.

57.Theunderlineword“backfire”inthefirstparagraphprobablymeans________.

A.createsomemiracles

B.produceanundesirableresult

C.benegligibletosomeextent

D.bemotivatingandinspiring

58.Whichofthefollowingcanbeconsideredproperfeedback?

A.Youdidreallywellonthisspellingtest,youmusthavespenthourspracticingyourwords.

B.Oh,honey,youresosmart–thatfailinggradewontmatteranyway.

C.Thisisawonderfulpainting.Whatagreatartistyouare!

D.Youdidreallywellonthisspellingtest,youareveryclever.

59.Achildwhoispraisedforhiseffortandstrategyislikelyto________.

A.havehislearningstrategiesincreased

B.feelinferiortothesmartchildren

C.havefalselyhighself-esteem

D.expectmorepraiseandencouragement

60.Praisingachildforhistalentmay________.

A.encouragehimtotrynewthings

C.leavehimlesspreparedforchallenges

61.Theauthorsadvicetoparentsis_______.

A.toexposethechildtogreaterchallenges

B.nottoexpecttoomuchofachild

B.motivatehimtogreaterefforts

D.puthislifeatriskincaseoffailure

C.toforbidthechildtomakeanyexcuses

D.tocombinepraisewithconstructivecriticism

62.Whichofthefollowingcanbeapropertitleforthispassage?

A.NeverPraiseYourChildforAnyofHisAchievements

B.PraiseYourChild,ButNotforBeingSmart

C.HowtoRewardaChildforHisEffort

D.Praise–aMustfortheChild‟sFuture

PassageThree

Asanewmatchmaker,internetdatingsitespromisetwocuttingedges:avastlygreaterchoice

ofpotentialpartnersandscientificallyprovenwayofmatchingsuitablepeopletogether.

Thegreaterchoiceisunarguable.Butdoesisleadtobetteroutcomes?Anddothe

“scientificallytestedmethods”actuallywork?Thesearethequestionsaskedbyateamof

psychologistsledbyEliFinkel.

Theresearchers‟firstobservationishowanyofthemuch-boastedpartner-matchingmethods

actuallyworks.Manyfirmspreservetheirintellectualpropertyastradesecrets,andthereisno

reasonwhyinternetdatingsitesshouldnotbeamongthem.Butthisrendersclaimsof

effectivenessimpossibletotestobjectively.Thereisthusnoindependentscientificevidencethat

anyofthesemethodsdoesenhancethechanceoftheirhittingitoffwhentheymeet.

Itispossibletotestthevalueofaclaimthattheymatchpeoplewithcompatiblepersonality

traits.However,DrDyrenforthaskedmorethan20,000peopleabouttheirrelationshipsand

assessedtheirpersonalities.Membersofcoupleswithsimilarpersonalitieswereindeedhappier

thanthosewithout.Butthedifferencewasjust0.5%.

Surely,thechancesoffindingthatmagicotherareincreasedbythesecondthinginternet

datingbrings:amultitudeofchoice.Buthere,too,thingsarenotassimpleastheymightseem.

Anassumptionbehindallconsumerdecisionsisthatwhatpeoplethinktheywantiswhat

theyactuallyneed.Andthedatasuggestpeoplearenotgoodatknowingwhattheywant.Oneof

DrFinkel‟sownstudiesshowedthatwhentheyareengagedinspeeddating,people‟sstated

preferencesatthebeginningoftheprocessdonotwellmatchthecharactersoftheindividualsthey

actuallylike.Whenfacedwithabundantchoices,peoplepaylessattentiontocharacteristicsthat

requirethinkingandconversationtoevaluateandmoretomattersphysical.Choice,inotherwords,

dullsthecriticalfaculties.

Finkel‟sconclusionisthatloveisashardtofindontheinternetaselsewhere.Youmaybe

justaslikelytoluckoutinthelocalcafé,orbyactingontheimpulsetostopandtalktothat

strangeronthestreetwhoseglanceyoucaught,asyouarebyclickingawaywithamouseand

hopingthat,oneday,Cupid‟sarrowwillstrike.

63.Theeffectivenessofthedatingsitesisdifficulttoverifyscientificallybecausethey________.

A.keeptheirintellectualpropertysecret

B.havetwocuttingedges

C.adoptstrangematchingmethods

D.aregoodatdeceptionasevidenced

64.Theexpression“hititoff”inParagraph3probablymeans________.

A.saygoodbye

C.gethurt

B.getalongwell

D.dislikeeachother

65.Dr.Dyrenforthfoundthatcoupleswithdifferentpersonalities________.

A.weremuchlesshappythanthosewithsimilarpersonalities

B.weremorelikelytodivorcethanthosewithsimilarpersonalities

C.werealmostashappyasthosewithsimilarpersonalities

D.weremuchhappierthanthosewithsimilarpersonalities

66.AccordingtoParagraph6,theabundanceofchoicesofferedbythedatingsites________.

A.canincreasethechanceoffindingidealpartners

B.helpspeopletobecomebetterawareofwhattheywant

C.diversattentionfromothermentalqualities

D.leadstoexclusiveconcernwithonesappearance

67.Finkelsconclusionisthat________.

A.itisimpossibletofindtrueloveontheInternetwhereveryouare

B.youareaslikelytofindlovethroughchanceencountersasviatheInternet

C.youaremorelikelytofindlovethroughtheseonlinedatingsites

D.youcanfindlovemoreeasilybytalkingtoastrangeronthestreet

68.TheresearchersattitudetowardstheseInternetdatingsitesis________.

A.suspicion

C.objection

B.confidence

D.recommendation

PassageFour

Manycountrieshavemadeitillegaltotalkintoahand-heldmobilephonewhiledriving.But

thelatestresearchprovidesfurtherconfirmationthatthedangerlieslessinwhatamotorists

handsdowhenhetakesacallthaninwhattheconversationdoestohisbrain.Evenusinga

“hands-free”devicecanimpairadriversattentiontoanalarmingextent.

MelinaKunaroftheUniversityofWarwickandToddHorowitzoftheHarvardMedical

Schoolranaseriesofexperimentsinwhichtwogroupsofvolunteershadtopayattentionand

respondtoaseriesofmovingtasksonacomputerscreenthatwerereckonedequivalentin

difficultytodriving.Onegroupwasleftundistractedwhiletheotherhadtoengageina

conversationabouttheirhobbiesusingaspeakerphone.AsDrKunarandDrHorowitzreportin

PsychonomicBulletin&Revi,ethwosewhoweremakingtheequivalentofahands-freecallhad

anaveragereactiontime212millisecondsslowerthanthosewhowerenot.That,theycalculate,

wouldadd5.7meterstothebrakingdistanceofacartravelingat100kph.Theyfoundthatthe

groupusingthehands-freekitmade83percentmoreerrorsintheirtasksthanthosewhowerenot

talking.

Theyalsoexploredtheeffectofsimplylisteningtosomething–suchasaradioprogram.For

thistheyplayedarecordingofthefirstchapterofBramStokers“Dracula”.Eventhoughthetest

subjectsweretoldtopayattentionbecausetheywouldbeaskedquestionsaboutthestory

afterwards,ithadlittleeffectontheirreactiontimes.DrKunarreckonsthathavingtothinkabout

responsesduringaphoneconversationcompetesforthebrainsresourcesinawaythatlisteningto

amonologuedoesnot.TheresearchledbyFrankDrewsoftheUniversityofUtahsuggeststhe

samethingistrueoftheidlechatterofapassenger.

Punishingpeopleforusinghand-heldgadgetswhiledrivingisdifficultenough,eventhough

theycanbeseenfromoutsidethecar.Stoppingpeoplemakinghands-freecallswouldprobablybe

impossible–especiallybecausemoreandmorevehiclesarenowbeingfittedwiththenecessary

equipmentasstandard.Persuadingpeopletoswitchtheirphonesoffaltogetherwhentheyget

behindthewheelmightbetheonlyanswer.Whoknows,theymightevencometoenjoynot

havingtotakecalls.Andtheyllbelikeliertoarriveinonepiece.

69.Whichbodypartismostaffectedbytalkingintoacellphonewhendriving?

A.Hands.B.Feet.C.EyesD.Thebrain

70.InKunarandHorowitzsexperiments,thesubjectswhoperformedtaskswhiletalking______.

A.reactedmorequicklyandmadefewermistakes

B.reactedmorequickly,butmademoremistakes

C.reactedmoreslowly,butmadefewermistakes

D.reactedmoreslowlyandmademoremistakes

71.AccordingtoFrankDrews,listeningtoapassengertalking_______.

A.affectsdriversmorethanaphoneconversation

B.affectsdriversmorethanlisteningtoastory

C.haslesseffectonthedriversthanaphoneconversation

D.haslesseffectonthedriversthanlisteningtoastory

72.Thelawforbiddingtheuseofhand-heldphoneswhendriving_______.

A.isnecessaryandfeasible

C.willarouseheateddebate

B.hasbeenfrequentlybroken

D.hasbeenwidelyobserved

73.Thebesthopeofstoppingpeopleusinghands-freephoneslieswith_______.

A.thelawmakersB.carmanufacturersC.driversthemselvesD.newtechnology

74.Thepurposeofthepassageisto_________.

A.informpeopleofthedangerofusingphoneswhiledriving

B.callonlawmakerstomakenewroadlawsontheuseofcellphones

C.offersuggestionsfordriverswhousecellphoneswhiledriving

D.weighthebenefitsandharmsofusingphoneswhendriving

PassageFive

Inthesetimesoffastmediaandever-growingInternet,weareundersomanyexternal

influencesthatitisanythingbuteasytothinkforourselves.Unlessyouareacunning,veryaware

person,youmostlikelydontevenknowwhenyourthinkingisnotyourown.

Notthatalloutsideinfluenceisbadtoformingyourownviews,butbeingunabletothinkfor

yourselfcanmakeyoumiserableatbest,orapuppetofsomeoneelsesprogramming,atworst.

Admittedly,weareallbornintosocietiesorcultureswherethenormsandcustomsare

alreadyestablished.Wehavelittlechoicebuttoconformtowhatisalreadyinplace.Thisisnot

necessarilyabadthing.However,itcanbeconfiningandcontrollingifweaccepteverything

blindlyandneverquestionthestatusquo.

Doesthismeanallofyourideascanbeoriginalandunlikeeveryoneelses?Notatall!

Nordoesitrequirebeingcontraryandargumentativejusttobedefiantorstandout.Tothink

foryourselfmeansthatwhateveropinionsyouholdwillbewellthoughtoutandarisefrom

thoroughinvestigationandthoughtfulanalysis.Itmeanschoosingtonotcompromisethefactsfor

thesakeofconsensusorfittingin.Itisnotunlikecriticalthinking–itjustbringsaboutabroader

scopeofchoicesanddecision-makinginyourlife.

Forexample,howmanyofusfeeltheneedtokeepupwith„thelatest?Wewearclothes,

listentomusicandfo