2020-2021学年北京门头沟区八年级下期末英语试卷附答案详解

2020—2021学年北京市门头沟区八年级（下）期末英语试单选题（本大题共12小题，共6.0分）1.Twopeopleareusingacomputer.MaybearelearningChinese.( )A.HeB.1.Twopeopleareusingacomputer.MaybearelearningChinese.( )A.HeB.TheyC.SheD.We2.——WhenwillyoursistercometoBeijing?2.——Idon'tknowA.whenshewillcomeA.whenshewillcomeB.whenwillshecomeC.whenshecomesC.whenshecomesD.whendoesshecome3.Englishforfiveyears.(A.teachB.3.Englishforfiveyears.(A.teachB.wasteachingC.willteachD.havetaught4.Theboyistooyoungtodress4.5.A.heYouB.himC.5.A.heYouB.himC.hisD.himselfifyoudoonethingatatimeandsticktoyourpain.(A.succeedB.succeededA.succeedB.succeededC.willsucceedD.havesucceeded6.Hesaidthathehisnewhouse.(0.A.likeB.likesC.likedD.willlikeTomA.usedtoplaytabletennis,butnowhe'sgettinginterestedintennis.( )B.gotusedtoC.isusedtoD.wasusedtoShe'sveryhard-workingnotveryclever.(A.andB.orC.6.Hesaidthathehisnewhouse.(0.A.likeB.likesC.likedD.willlikeTomA.usedtoplaytabletennis,butnowhe'sgettinginterestedintennis.( )B.gotusedtoC.isusedtoD.wasusedtoShe'sveryhard-workingnotveryclever.(A.andB.orC.butD.soMorepeoplewillworkforfunthefuture.(A.onB.inC.atD.forTimheresince2008.(A.livesB.livedC.haslivedD.wasliving11.A.whereisthefoodB.wherethefoodis11.A.whereisthefoodB.wherethefoodisC.wherewasthefoodD.wherethefoodwasAntsusesmelltotellotherants12.youdon'tunderstand,askyourteacher.( )12.第1页，共18页

A.IfB.UnlessA.IfB.UnlessC.BecauseD.For二、完形填空(本大题共8小题，共8.0分)WhenmybrotherandIwerechildren,wespentafewweekseachsummerinthecountrysidewithouruncle.Hewasageologistandlovedtogoonlongwalksto(13)stonestoaddtohiscollectionattheuniversity.Onedayourunclegaveustwo(14)andaskedustohelphimcarrythestones.Thewholeday,wewalkedaroundthecountryside,andeverynowandthen,ouruncleputstonesinourbags.Wewereabitsurprisedthatsometimeshealso(15)somestonesoutfromourbags.Wethoughthehadjustfoundbetterstones.Wegotbackhomeinthelateafternoon.Thebagswereso(16)thatwewerereallytiredoutwhenweputthemontheground.Yetouruncle'sbagwashalf-empty."Whydidyougiveussomanystones?"weasked."Ididn't.Youdid."hesaid,waitingforawhilebeforecontinuing."Youdidnotknowit,butIgaveyoualittleattitudeC态度)testtoday.Andwheneveryoucomplained(抱怨)aboutanyoneoranything,I(17)astoneinyourbags.Andwheneveryoutalkedaboutsomethinginanattitudeofpositive(积极的)thinking,Itookoutastone.Andnowlookatyourbags."Thebagswere(18)full."Yournegative(负面的)thoughtsarelikestones.Youcarrytheminyour(19)justlikethosestonesinabag.Themorenegativethoughtsyouhave,theheavieryourmindis.Solookatthosebagsandstartpayingattentiontowhatyousayandhowyousaythings."Thislittle(20)wasoneofthemostimportantIeverhad.AndIremembermyunclewithgreatloveforteachingusoneofthemostimportantlessonsoflife—thepowerofattitude.13.A.takeB.fetchC.buyD.find14.A.hatsB.shoesC.bagsD.baskets15.A.enjoyedB.tookC.sawD.felt16.A.heavyB.oldC.bigD.nice17.A.takeB.putC.carryD.add18.A.halfB.hardlyC.almostD.really19.A.headB.bagC.handD.mind20.A.lessonB.wordC.thoughtD.attitude三、阅读理解（本大题共13小题，共26.0分）A第2页，共18页TheBlogofRosieTheweekendByRosieIJune6,2021Hi!I'monvacationhereinLondonandit'sfantastic!OnSaturdayIwasintheBritishMuseumforthreehours.OnSundayIvisitedTowerBridge.Wherewereyouovertheweekend?Tellmeyournews!DISCUSSION9：30Gladyou'rehavingagreatvacation.IwasintheSummerPalaceinBeijingonSaturday.Iwasthereforaflowershow.Itwasamazing!AndSophiatherewerelotsofpeople.ButonSundayitwasrainyandIwasn'tverywell.Istayedinbedforawholeday.Steve10：10ItwascloudythewholeweekendinParis.OnSaturdayIwasatafootballgamewithmyclassmates.Itwasexciting!OnSundayIwasattheshopswithAnnforfourhours.11：00JackIwasn'tathomeovertheweekend.OnSaturdayIwasinScotlandforatrip.Itwasalovely,warmdayandIhadapicnicwithfriends.ItTheBlogofRosieTheweekendByRosieIJune6,2021Hi!I'monvacationhereinLondonandit'sfantastic!OnSaturdayIwasintheBritishMuseumforthreehours.OnSundayIvisitedTowerBridge.Wherewereyouovertheweekend?Tellmeyournews!DISCUSSION9：30Gladyou'rehavingagreatvacation.IwasintheSummerPalaceinBeijingonSaturday.Iwasthereforaflowershow.Itwasamazing!AndSophiatherewerelotsofpeople.ButonSundayitwasrainyandIwasn'tverywell.Istayedinbedforawholeday.Steve10：10ItwascloudythewholeweekendinParis.OnSaturdayIwasatafootballgamewithmyclassmates.Itwasexciting!OnSundayIwasattheshopswithAnnforfourhours.11：00JackIwasn'tathomeovertheweekend.OnSaturdayIwasinScotlandforatrip.Itwasalovely,warmdayandIhadapicnicwithfriends.Itwasgreat!Sundaywasboring.Ittookmefivehourstogetbackhome.Itwasalongjourney.11：20KateOnSaturdayIwasatHeathrowAirport.Imetafriendthereandwetalkedtogetherfortwohours.Iwasveryhappy.OnSaturdayIwasinSydneyforaconcert.ItiswinterinAustralia.Anditwaswindyandcold!21.OnSaturdaySophiawasA.intheSummerPalaceB.atTowerBridgeC.intheBritishMuseumD.atHeathrowAirportWhatwastheweatherlikewhenStevewasinParis?A.Rainy.B.Warm.A.Rainy.B.Warm.C.Cloudy.D.Cold.第3页，共18页HowlongdidittakeJacktogetbackhome?A.Twohours. B.Threehours. C.Fourhours. D.Fivehours.KatewasinSydneyfora.A.picnic B.concert C.footballgame D.flowershow.BDoyouwanttobeavolunteeronweekendsorduringthevacation?Thevoluntaryworkcanhelpyoumakemorefriendsandlearnnewskills.Themostimportantthingisthatyoucangetsomeusefulguidestoyourfuturejob.Herearesomeplacesforyoutodovoluntarywork.HospitalsAreyouinterestedinmedicine?Doyouenjoyhelpingpatients?Thevolunteeringinthelocalhospitalmaybetherightthingforyou.Therearemanyvolunteerchancesforchildrenbetween13and16yearsold.Youcandothefollowingjobs?Transporting（运送）patientswithanurse,talkingtothemandreadingtothem.NursinghomesAreyouinterestedinhelpingtheoldpeople?Thenyoucangotoanursinghome.Youcandothefollowingwork：pushingwheelchairs（轮椅），talkingwitholdpeople,helpingthemwritelettersandsoon.GardencentersIfyoulikegardening,payattentiontothenoticesoflocalgardencenters.Youmayhavethechanceslikeplantingtrees,wateringflowersandlookingafterplants.You'resuretoimproveyourgardeningskillsbyworkingasavolunteerinagardencenter.It'spossiblethatyouwillbecomeagoodgardenersomeday.LibrariesDoyouenjoyworkinginthelocallibraries?Somevolunteersinthelibrariesarebetween12and18.Thelibrariesoffersomechancessuchascomputercenterhelpersandchildren'sprogramhelpers.Accordingtothepassage,peopledocanvoluntaryworkinplaces.A.Two. B.Three. C.Four. D.FiveThewriterthinksthebiggestadvantageofdoingvolunteerworkis.makingmorefriends.meetingmanyinterestingpeople第4页，共18页learningsomenewskills.gettingmoreusefulguidestothefuturejobWhatdoesthepassagemainlytellus?Howtobeagoodvolunteer.Someplacestogetagoodjob.Howtodothevolunteerwork.Someplacestodothevolunteerwork.C"Life'salong,longjourney."Sowearetold,andmostofuswouldnotsetoffonajourney,evenashortone,withoutsomeideasofwherewewantedtogo.Yetmanypeopletravelonlife'sjourneywithnosenseofdirectionatall.Settingpersonalgoalscangiveyourlifeasenseofdirection.Goalsettingisusedbytopsportsplayers,successfulbusiness,peopleandachieversinallfields.Beforeyousetpersonalgoals,thinkaboutwhatyouwanttoachievewithyourlife.Trytosetgoalsinsomeofthefollowingcategories（类别）：Education-Willyouachievetheeducationalgoalsafterfinishinghigh-school?Areyoustillgrowingandlearning?Family—Whatkindofrelationshipdoyouwantwithyourparentsandotherfamilymembe?sCreative—Doyouwanttoachieveanyartisticgoals?Career—Whatjobdoyouwanttotakewhenyougrowup?Whatdoyouneedtomakeyourdreamcometrue?PublicService—Doyouwanttomaketheworldabetterplace?Physical—Areyoufitenoughtodothethingsyouwanttodo?Pleasure—Howdoyouwanttoenjoyyourself?Tohelpmaketheprocessmoremanageable,divideyourgoalsintosmallertasks.Forexample,ifyouwanttoreachamaingoalinfiveyears,setathree-yeargoal,aone-yeargoal,athree-monthgoalandaone-monthgoal.ThencreateadailyTo-DoListofthingsthatyoushoulddotoday.Whenagoalisachieved,takethetimetoenjoyyoursuccess.Thishelpsyoubuildtheself-confidence.Remember,yourgoalscanchangeastimegoeson.Butbesureyourgoalsarethingsyouhopetoachieve,notwhatyourparents,familyorteacherswant.Accordingtothepassage,wesetgoalsto.第5页，共18页haveabetterfutureknowwheretohaveajourneymakeyourdreamcometruegiveyourlifeasenseofdirectionWhatshouldyouconsiderwhenyousetafamilygoal?Theeducationyouwanttoget.Therelationshipwithfamilymembers.Thejobtosupportyourfamily.Thetimeyou'llspendreachingyourgoal.What'sthebestadvicetoachievethemaingoal?Buildingtheself-confidence.Dividingyourgoalsintosmallertasks.CreatingadailyTo-Dolistofthings.Settingthetimetoachievethemaingoal.DHowdidpeopletellthetimebeforeclockswereinvented?Atfirst,theancientpeoplelookedupatthesunandcouldtellitwasthemiddleofthedaywhenthesunwasdirectlyoverheadinthesky.Theyalsoknewwhenitwasmorningorevening.Later,theEgyptiansusedsticks.Thesesticksmeasured（测量）timeduringtheday.Thesunshoneonthetallstickandthestickmadeashadow阴影）.Asthesunmovedacrossthesky,theposition（位置）oftheshadowchanged.Thiswouldletpeopletellwhattimeitwas.Overtime,theChinesefirstusedsundialsinsteadofshadowsticks.Thesundialhasatypeofshadowstickonit.Asthesunshinesonit,ashadowappearsonthenumbers.Eachnumberstandsforanhouroftheday.Butsundialsdon'tworkatnightoronacloudyday!Therearenoshadowsunlessthesunisout.Waterclocksusedwatertomeasuretimeatnight.Waterdrippe（滴落）slowlyfromonebowlintoanother.Thelevelofthewaterinthebowlsshowedthetime.Peoplealsousedsandglasses.Youmayhaveseenone.Somegamesstillusesandglasses.Thesandfallsfromthetopofthesandglassestothebottom.Itmeasuresshortamountsofthetime.Themoresandfalls,themoretimehaspassed.Whenthesandhasfinishedfalling,youhavetoturnthesandglassesover.Atfirst,theancientpeopletoldthetimebylookingatthe?第6页，共18页C.stickD.shadowC.stickD.shadowB.moonA.sunWhat'sthemainideaofthepassage?SomeinventionsinChina.Somethingaboutsundials.Howtotellthetimeinthepast.Howtotellthetimebylookingatthesun.四、任务型阅读-简答（本大题共1小题，共10.0分）Dolphinsarewonderful.Theyaresociallyskilled,smart,quick,joyful,andplayfulanimalsthatsharemanysimilarfeelingswithhumans.Wheredodolphinslive?Dolphinsliveintheworld'sseasandoceansandinsomeriverstoo.Somedolphinsliketoliveincoastalareas,otherslikeshallowwater.OrcasaretheonlydolphinswhichliveintheArcti（北极）andAntarctic（南极）.Theirlargesizemeansthattheyhavemoreprotectionagainstthecoldofthefreezingseas.Candolphinsliveinfreshwater?RiverdolphinssuchastheAmazonRiverdolphinandSouthAsianriverdolphinslivetheirlivesonlyinfreshwaterriversandlakes,alongwayfromtheoceantheyaresometimesknownasthe"trueriverdolphins".Candolphinstalk?Maybetheycan'ttalkwithwords,buttheytalkwithsounds.Theyshowtheirfeelingswithsounds.Dolphinstravelinagroup.Wecallagroupoffish"school."Theydon'tstudy,buttheytraveltogether.Dolphinsaremammals,notfish,buttheyswimtogetherinaschool.Dolphintalktotheotherdolphinsintheschool.Theygiveinformation.Theytellwhentheyarehappyorsadorafraid.Theysay"Welcome"whenadolphincomebacktotheschool.Theytalkwhentheyplay.Theymakeafewsoundsabovewater.Theymakemanymoresoundsunderwater.Peoplecannothearthesesoundsbecausethesoundsarevery,veryhigh.Scientistsmaketapesofthesoundsandstudythem.Sometimespeoplecatchdolphinsforalargeaquarium.（An第7页，共18页

aquariumisazooforfish）Peoplecanwatchthedolphininashow.Dolphinsdon'tliketobeawayfromtheirschoolinanaquarium.Theyaresadandlonely.Therearemanystoriesaboutdolphins.Theyhelppeople.Sometimestheysavesomebody'slife.Dolphinmeatisgood,butpeopledon'tliketokillthem.Theysaythatdolphinsbringgoodluck.Manypeoplebelievethis.WhichkindofdolphinliveintheArctic（北极）andAntarctic（南极）？Wheredoriverdolphinslive?Howdodolphinsshowtheirfeelings?Whycan'tpeoplehearthedolphin'ssounds?Whatdomanypeoplebelievethatdolphinscanbring?五、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共10.0分）根据中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于50词的文段写作。文中已给出内容不计入总词数。所给提示词语仅供选用。请不要写出你的校名和姓名。假如你是张明，本周日是你班国际生Peter的生日。你打算邀请他来你家度过一个有意义的中式生日。请你根据下面的地图，用英语给他写一封邮件，描述一下从学校到你家的具体路线，并告诉他生日会的具体活动。提示词语：turnright,goacross,opposite,eatnoodles,playgames提示问题：Howcanyougethome？Whatareyougoingtodoattheparty？Supaimarket

wBnibi皿 LSchoolRadSupaimarket

wBnibi皿 LSchoolRadDearPeter,第8页，共18页WouldyoupleasecometomyhometocelebrateyourbirthdaythisSunday?Yours,ZhangMing第9页，共18页答案和解析.【答案】B【解析】he他，they他们，she她，we我们。根据上句Twopeopleareusingacomputer.可知是两个人在用电脑，用they代替Twopeopleo故选：Bo两个人在用电脑。也许他们在学中文。掌握代词用法是解题关键。.【答案】A【解析】根据题干"Idon'tknow?”和选项可知，此题考查宾语从句，宾语从句三要素：语序，时态；引导词，宾语从句要用陈述句语序，选项BD为疑问句语序，排除。根据问句，可知宾语从句的时态为一般将来时态，故宾语从句的时态也为一般将来时态。故选：Ao一你姐姐什么时候来北京？一不知道她什么时候来。宾语从句三要素：语序，时态，引导词，可作为解题时的技巧。做题时一般先观察是否使用陈述语序，结合语境可确定句子的时态；最后根据答句来确定最终答案。.【答案】D【解析】teach一般现在时；wasteaching过去进行时；willteach一般将来时；havetaught现在完成时。根据时间状语"forfiveyears",可知句子应用现在完成时，即我教英语已经五年了。故选：Do我教英语已经五年了。掌握时态的构成和用法，结合语境或时间状语，给出答案。.【答案】D第10页，共18页【解析】he他，主格；him他，宾格；his他的，形容词性物主代词；himself他自己，反身代词。"dressoneself"是一个固定词组，表示"穿着，打扮，自己穿衣服”。故选：D。这男孩太小，不能自己穿衣服。掌握代词用法是解题关键。.【答案】C【解析】if引导的条件状语从句用，主句使用一般将来时，构成will+动词原形；从句使用一般现在时。故选：C。如果你一次只做一件事，坚持自己的痛苦，你就会成功。考查主从复合句，要根据句意或提示词，判断时态，选用合适的引导词。.【答案】C【解析】根据题干，可知句子是含有that引导的宾语从句的主从复合句，主句的时态是过去时，从句用过去相关的时态，分析选项，因此是liked。故选：C。他说他喜欢他的新房子。掌握宾语从句的结构和用法，结合题干和语境，给出答案。.【答案】A【解析】从后面的now可以推出，前面的空是说的是以前的事情，用usedtodo...（过去）常做……；而getusedto..和beusedto…均指"习惯于做……"，被排除。故选：A。汤姆以前打乒乓球，但是现在他对打网球感兴趣了。考查动词短语，要牢记动词短语的词义及用法，进行比较分析，选择正确答案。.【答案】C第11页，共18页【解析】A和，B或者，C但是，D所以，根据语境：她工作很努力，但不太聪明。故选：C。她工作很努力，但不太聪明。主要考查的是对句子意思的理解和对连词的辨析。.【答案】B【解析】on在…上，in在…里，at在，for为，根据题干，inthefuture在将来，是固定短语。故选：B。将来会有更多的人为了娱乐而工作。介词在英语中起到穿针引线的作用，英语介词的一个特点是一词多义，并且介词间语义交叉现象很多，习惯用法也很多，有时很难从词义上区分开来。故学习中要注意不断总结，结合语境结合基本词义多记一些介词的习惯用法和固定搭配。.【答案】c【解析】根据时间状语since2008，可知句意为"Tim自2008年起就住在这里。”，可确定此题为现在完成时态，其结构为：have/has+过去分词。主语Tim是单数，助动词应用has。故选：C。Tim自2008年起就住在这里。理解句意的基础上，把握关键词和时态的考点，得出答案。.【答案】B【解析】根据题干"Antsusesmelltotellotherants？"和选项可知，此题考查宾语从句，宾语从句三要素：语序，时态，引导词；宾语从句要用陈述句语序，选项A和C为疑问句语序，排除。结合主句时态'Antsusesmelltotellotherants"的时态为一般现在时态和意思”蚂蚁用气味告诉其他蚂蚁”，可知宾语从句的时态为一般现在时态，排除D。故选：B。第12页，共18页蚂蚁用气味告诉其他蚂蚁食物在哪里。宾语从句三要素：语序，时态，引导词，可作为解题时的技巧。做题时一般先观察是否使用陈述语序，结合语境可确定句子的时态；最后根据答句来确定最终答案。.【答案】A【解析】A如果，B除非，C因为，D因为，根据语境：如果你不明白，问你的老师。故选：A。如果你不明白，问你的老师。主要考查的是对句子意思的理解和对从属连词的辨析。.【答案】【小题1】D【小题2】C【小题3】B【小题4】A【小题5】B【小题6】C【小题7】D【小题8】A【解析】(1)D.动词辨析。A携带；B取加；C买；D发现；根据上句Hewasageologist 地质学家，应该是lovedtogoonwalkstocollectstones 喜欢散步发现石头，故答案是D。(2)C.名词辨析。A帽子;B鞋；C书包;D篮子；根据后面ouruncleputstonesinourbags,可知应该是背包，故答案是C。B.动词辨析。A喜欢；B拿；C看见；D感觉；根据下句Wethoughthehadjustfoundbetterstones.我们以为他刚刚找到了更好的石头。可知拿出一些石头在我们包，takeout拿出，故答案是B。A.形容词辨析。A重的；B老的；C大的；D漂亮的；根据后面wewerereallytiredoutwhenweputthemontheground.当我们把它们放在地上时,我们真的很累了。可知包很重，故答案是A。B.动词辨析。A拿；B放；C携带；D加；根据下文Andwheneveryoutalkedaboutsomethinginanattitudeofpositive(积极的)thinking,”谈论积极的，拿出一些石头，可知前面是谈论消极的，放一些石头在里面，故答案是B。C.副词辨析。A一半；B几乎不；C几乎；D真地；根据上文可知Thebagswerefull.应该是你们的包几乎是满的，故答案是C。第13页，共18页D.名词辨析。A头；B包，C手；D大脑；根据上文谈论积极的，拿出一些石头，前面应该是抱怨时，放一些石头，可知这里你把它们记在脑里，就像那些装在袋子里的石头一样，故答案是D。)A.名词辨析。A课，教训；B话；C想法；D态度；根据上文描述，可知这一课是我上过的最重要的一课，故答案是A。这篇文章通过作者和他弟弟捡石头的故事，告诉我们：作者的负面想法就像石头一样，他的思想就像背包里的石头一样，他的负面想法越多，他的思想就越重。考查完形填空。根据所给的短文对意思有所了解，然后根据短文的大体意思，选择每个符合题意的答案，使短文更通顺。21.【答案】【小题1】A【小题2】C【小题3】D【小题4】B【解析】细节理解题。A.根据IwasintheSummerPalaceinBeijingon$20迅2丫星期六我在北京的颐和园。可知索菲亚周六在颐和园。故选A。C.根据ItwascloudythewholeweekendinParis.巴黎整个周末都是阴天。故选C。D.根据Ittookmefivehourstogetbackhome.我花了五个小时才回到家。可知杰克回家花了五个小时。故选D。B.根据OnSaturdayIwasinSydneyforaconcert.星期六我在悉尼听音乐会。可知凯特去悉尼听音乐会。故选B。本文介绍了孩子们在周末的假期活动。在通读全文的基础上，根据全文大意，展开逻辑思维，瞻前顾后，认真辨析选项，仔细推敲，确定最佳答案。25.【答案】【小题1】C【小题2】D【小题3】D【解析】(1)C.细节理解题。根据Hospitals；Nursinghomes；Gardencenters；Libraries,医院；养老院；花园中心；图书馆，可知共四个做志愿者的地方。故选C。第14页，共18页（2）D.细节理解题。根据Themostimportantthingisthatyoucangetsomeusefulguidestoyourfuturejob最重要的是你能得到一些对你未来工作有用的指导。可知最大的优点就是为未来工作得到些有用的指导。故选D。（3）D.主旨大意题。根据Herearesomeplacesforyoutodovoluntarywork这里有一些地方供你做志愿工作。及全文可知本文主要讲述的是做志愿者的好处以及一些做志愿者工作的地方。故选D。本文主要讲述的是做志愿者的好处以及一些做志愿者工作的地方。在通读全文的基础上，根据全文大意，展开逻辑思维，瞻前顾后，认真辨析选项，仔细推敲，确定最佳答案。28.【答案】【小题1】D【小题2】B【小题3】B【解析】细节理解题。（1）口.根据Settingpersonalgoalscangiveyourlifeasenseofdirection.可知设定个人目标可以让你的生活有方向感。故选D。（2）B.根据Family—Whatkindofrelationshipdoyouwantwithyourparentsandotherfamilymembers？（家庭一一你希望与父母和其他家庭成员建立什么样的关系？）可知设定家庭目标时应该考虑的是与家庭成员的关系。故选B。（3）B/艮据Tohelpmaketheprocessmoremanageable,divideyourgoalsintosmallertasks.可知为了让这个过程更容易管理，把你的目标分成更小的任务。故选B。本文主要介绍了设置个人目标的原因以及如何设置并完成我们的个人目标。在通读全文的基础上，根据全文大意，展开逻辑思维，瞻前顾后，认真辨析选项，仔细推敲，确定最佳答案。31.【答案】【小题1】A【小题2】B【小题3】C第15页，共18页【解析】（1）A.细节理解题。根据Atfirst,theancientpeoplelookedupatthesunandcouldtellitwasthemiddleofthedaywhenthesunwasdirectlyoverheadinthesky起初，古代人抬头看太阳，能分辨出这是一天当中太阳正对着天空的时候。可知古人抬头看太阳来算时间。故选A。（2）B.理解判断题。根据Thesundialhasatypeofshadowstickonit.Asthesunshinesonit,ashadowappearsonthenumbers.Eachnumberstandsforanhouroftheday.日晷上有一种阴影棒。当阳光照射在上面时，数字