2023届广东省广州市高三上学期调研测试（一模）英语试题

20/2019/20/2023届广州市高三年级调研测试英语本试卷共10页，满分120分。考试用时120分钟。注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、试室号和座位号填写在答题卡上。用2B铅笔将试卷类型(B)填涂在答题卡相应位置上。并在答题卡相应位置上填涂考生号。因笔试不考听力，试卷从第二部分开始，试题序号从“21”开始。2．作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑;如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答案不能答在试卷上。3．非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上;如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案;不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答无效。4．考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ACopenhagenhasGREATpublictransport.Itisreliable,safe,andeasilyaccessible.Ofcourse,likeeverythinginCopenhagen,itisnotcheap.Thesystemcanbealittleconfusing,evenforlocals,butwe’reheretohelpsimplifyitallforyou!AndtodayourfocusisTravellingwithaBike.BIKESONTHETRAINBicyclescanbetakenons-toglinesforfreebutyoucan’ttakebikesthroughN?rreportstationduringpeakhours.Totakeyourbikeonatrain,youneedtoputitonthefirstorlastcarriage,clearlymarkedwithlargesignsofbicyclesontheoutside.Totakeabikeonaregionaltrain,whichtakesyoutopartsofDenmarkoutsideCopenhagen,youmustbuyanextraticket.Thepricedependsonthedistanceandvariesfrom16krto28kr.BIKESONTHEMETROBicyclescanbetakenonthemetroforanextra13kr.Youneedtopayforthebikewithitsownticket.Youcan’ttakeyourbikeonthemetroduringpeakhours.BIKESONTHEBUSYoucanbringabikeonabusbuteachbusislimitedtotwobikes,evenifthereismuchspace.Generally,peopledonottravelwiththeirbikesonbusesinCopenhagen.BIKESONTHEFERRY(渡轮)Chargesforbicyclesdependonthecompanyandthedestination.Youwillneedtocheckwiththeferrycompanies.Whenyoubooktheticket,youmuststatethatyouhaveacycle,evenifit’sfreeofcharge.1.Whoisthistextprobablyintendedfor?A.Touristguides.B.Biketravelers.C.Localcitizens.D.Ticketinspectors.2.Onwhichpublictransportcanyoutakeabikeforfree?A.Apeaktimes-togtrain.B.Aweekdayregionaltrain.C.Anoff-peakmetrotrain.D.Aweekendferry.3.Whatisthedisadvantageofbringingabikeonabus?A.Busesaretoocrowded.B.It’sagainstthelocalcustom.C.Availabilityisnotguaranteed.D.It’snotwelcomedbyotherpassengers.【答案】1.B2.A3.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在哥本哈根的自行车旅行。【1题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“AndtodayourfocusisTravellingwithaBike.(今天我们的重点是骑自行车旅行。)”可推断，这篇文章可能是写给自行车旅行者。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据BIKESONTHETRAIN中“Bicyclescanbetakenons-toglinesforfreebutyoucan’ttakebikesthroughN?rreportstationduringpeakhours.(自行车可以免费乘坐s-tog线，但在高峰时段不能通过N?rreport站。)”可知，高峰时间s-tog列车上可以免费携带自行车。故选A。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据BIKESONTHEBUS中的“Youcanbringabikeonabusbuteachbusislimitedtotwobikes,evenifthereismuchspace.Generally,peopledonottravelwiththeirbikesonbusesinCopenhagen.(你可以带一辆自行车上公共汽车，但每辆公共汽车仅限于两辆自行车，即使有很大的空间。一般来说，在哥本哈根人们不携带自行车乘公共汽车。)”可知，在公共汽车上携带自行车不能得到保证。故选C。BFromtheconcerthallsofEuropetothetechindustriesoftheUnitedStates,C.J.Santoshascreatedastoryacrosstheglobe.BominBrazil,SantosmovedtoSwitzerlandattheageof18,andearneddegreesinbothmusicperformanceandbusinessadministrationthere.Duringhisnext10yearsof“intense”careerasaprofessionalmusician,hespentmostofhistimeontheroad.“IhadthehonortoperforminthetopconcerthallsinEurope,”Santossaid.“Itreallyworemeouttobeconstantlytravelingandperforming,butitallowedmetoseetheworldandunderstanditinitsfulldiversity.Thiswasauniqueexperience,andIcarryitsbenefitswithmetothisday”Throughtheseexperiences,Santoswasabletobecomefluentinsixlanguages.Withtheseskillsunderhisbelt,Santosworkedwithhiswife,whoisalsofluentinfourlanguages,todevelopasmalltranslationbusiness.“Runningitwithnopriorbusinessexperiencewasachallengingbutexcitinglearning-by-doingexperience,“Santossaid.“Inaddition,thetranslationindustryexperiencedamassivedigitaltransformationinthelastdecade.”MBA/M.S.ughtSantostoanMBA/M.S.programinbusinessanalyticsandinformationmanagementwherehegotrichexperience,knowledgeandperspectivesindifferentindustries.Theprogramprovidedhimwithsomethingheclearlyenjoysinlife:variety“Ithelpedmetakethemostadvantageofthetranslationindustry’sdigitaltransformation.WhatIgainedfromtheprogramismorethanwhatImanagedinthe15yearsinEurope,”headded.AsSantoscontinuestogrowhisbusiness,he’salsoworkingasanadvisor.“Theworld’sdigitaltransformationhasadvancedathighspeed,”hesaid.“Tome,it’sveryexcitingtobeavaluableresourcetothosewhoneedhelptojumponboardthedigitalexpress.”4.WhatdidSantosthinkofhiscareerasamusician?A.Stablebutstressful.B.Tiringbutrewarding.C.Uniqueandenjoyable.D.Demandingandfruitless.5.MBA/M.S.veSantostotakeuptheMBA/M.S.program?A.HisstrongdesireforaMaster’sDegree.B.Thechallengefromstartinganewbusiness.C.Hislackofeducationbackgroundinbusiness.D.Thedemandforalearning-by-doingexperience.6.Whatisparagraph5mainlyabout?A.ThegreatvarietySantosenjoysinlife.B.Theapplicationofdigitaltransformation.C.ThebenefitsSantosgotfromtheprogram.D.Santos’sviewpointontranslationindustry.7.InwhichaspectdoesSantosprobablyofferhelpasanadvisor?A.Digitalsolutions.B.Businessanalysis.C.Translationskills.D.Resourcesmanagement.【答案】4.B5.B6.C7.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了C.J.Santos从欧洲的音乐厅到美国的科技产业的经历。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Itreallyworemeouttobeconstantlytravelingandperforming,butitallowedmetoseetheworldandunderstanditinitsfulldiversity.(不断的旅行和表演真的让我筋疲力尽，但它让我看到了世界，并充分理解了它的多样性)”可推断，桑托斯认为他的音乐家生涯虽然累但有回报。故选B。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段““Runningitwithnopriorbusinessexperiencewasachallengingbutexcitinglearning-by-doingexperience,“Santossaid.(桑托斯说：“在没有任何商业经验的情况下经营这家公司是一种具有挑战性但令人兴奋的边做边学的经历。”)”和第五段“MBA/M.S.ughtSantostoanMBA/M.S.programinbusinessanalyticsandinformationmanagement,wherehegotrichexperience,knowledgeandperspectivesindifferentindustries.(这使桑托斯获得了商业分析和信息管理的MBA/M.S.项目，在那里他获得了丰富的经验，知识和不同行业的观点)”可知，创业的挑战驱使桑托斯攻读MBA/M.S.项目。故选B。【6题详解】主旨大意题。根据第五段“MBA/M.S.ughtSantostoanMBA/M.S.programinbusinessanalyticsandinformationmanagement,wherehegotrichexperience,knowledgeandperspectivesindifferentindustries.Theprogramprovidedhimwithsomethingheclearlyenjoysinlife:variety.“Ithelpedmetakethemostadvantageofthetranslationindustry’sdigitaltransformation.WhatIgainedfromtheprogramismorethanwhatImanagedinthe15yearsinEurope,”headded.(这使桑托斯获得了商业分析和信息管理的MBA/M.S.项目，在那里他获得了丰富的经验，知识和不同行业的观点。这个项目为他提供了他在生活中显然很享受的东西：多样性。“它帮助我充分利用了翻译行业的数字化转型。我从这个项目中获得的东西比我在欧洲15年所管理的还要多。”)”可知，本段主要介绍桑托斯从这个项目中得到的好处。故选C。【7题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“AsSantoscontinuestogrowhisbusiness,he’salsoworkingasanadvisor.“Theworld’sdigitaltransformationhasadvancedathighspeed,”hesaid.“Tome,it’sveryexcitingtobeavaluableresourcetothosewhoneedhelptojumponboardthedigitalexpress.”(随着桑托斯的业务不断发展，他也在担任顾问。“世界数字化转型正在高速推进，”他说。“对我来说，能够成为那些需要帮助的人乘坐数字快车的宝贵资源是非常令人兴奋的。”)”可知，桑托斯作为顾问，可能会提供数字解决方案方面的帮助。故选A。COurplanetquakesthousandsoftimesayear,butwestillcan’tpredictexactlywhenandwhereearthquakeswillstrike.Whatifanimals’oddbehaviorcouldwarnus?Researchershavereviewedhundredsofreportsonpre-quakeabnormalanimalbehaviors,butmorewerejustanecdotes.GeologistJimBerklandcountednewspaperadslookingforrunawaycatsanddogs.OnOctober13,1989,hetoldanewspaperreporterabigquakewouldstrikeinaweek.Fourdayslater,theLomaPrietamega-quakehit!ButthescientificcommunitystillrejectedBerkland’stheory.Hedidn’tdocumenteveryprediction,sonobodycouldmeasurehisaccuracyrate.Actualscientificevidencehastoberepeatable.Andaconnectionbetweenacauseandaneffecthastobeshowntobestrongerthanrandomchancethroughcarefulexperimentationanddatacollection.Californiaresearchersinthe1970shappenedtohavebuiltcontrolledhabitatstomonitorthewheel-runningactivityofpocketmice.Thesehabitatshappenedtobeinanactiveearthquakearea.Thenthe1971SanFernandoearthquakestrucknearby.Theresearcherscheckedtheirdataandfoundnobigchangesinhowlongtheanimalsranintheirwheelsorstayedundergroundbeforetheearthquakeactivity.Whatmightthenextexperimentshow?Researchersfrom150universitiesworldwideareworkingonanewstudycalledtheICARUSproject.Theprojecttracksmanysmallanimalspeciessuchasbirds,bats,andturtlesforthepurposeofscientificresearch.Onegroupofresearchersislookingforpossibleconnectionsbetweenanimalbehaviorandearthquakes.Iftheyfindareliableconnection,thiscouldsavehundredsofthousandsofhumanlives.ICARUSaimstopoweranappthatwillgivepeoplehourstogettosafety.However,noteveryoneishopeful.GeologistWendyBohonsaidthatICARUSisdoingsome“coolthings,”butsheknowsanimalbehaviorishardtopindown.“Mycatcouldactcrazybeforeanearthquake,”shesays.“Butitalsoactscrazyifsomebodyusesthecanopener.”8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“anecdotes”meaninparagraph2?A.Real-lifenewsstories.B.Randomindividualstudies.C.Repeatedscientificreports.D.Unprovedpersonalaccounts.9.WhywasBerkland’stheoryrejectedbythescientificcommunity?A.Heusedunreliabledatafromnewspaperads.B.Hisdocumentwasn’tconsistentwithhistheory.C.Hisstudydidn’tincludeenoughanimalsamples.D.Hefailedtoprovetheaccuracyofhispredictions.10.WhatistheultimategoaloftheICARUSproject?A.Toprovideaccuratepre-quakewarnings.B.Todevelopanapptocallforhelpduringquakes.C.Toseekworldwidecooperationsinquakeprediction.D.Tofindconnectionsbetweenanimalbehaviorsandquakes.11.WhatisWendyBohon’sattitudetowardstheICARUSproject?A.Disapproving.B.Doubtful.C.Intolerant.D.Unclear【答案】8.D9.D10.A11.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了研究人员对地震前动物异常行为的研究，希望提供准确的震前预警。【8题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词前半句“Researchershavereviewedhundredsofreportsonpre-quakeabnormalanimalbehaviors,(研究人员查阅了数百份关于地震前动物异常行为的报告，)”和转折词but可知，这些地震前动物异常行为的报告是传闻，即未经证实的报告。故选D。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“ButthescientificcommunitystillrejectedBerkland’stheory.Hedidn’tdocumenteveryprediction,sonobodycouldmeasurehisaccuracyrate.(但是科学界仍然拒绝接受伯克兰的理论。他没有记录每一个预测，所以没有人能衡量他的准确率。)”可知，伯克兰的理论被科学界拒绝，是因为他没能证明自己预测的准确性。故选D。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Onegroupofresearchersislookingforpossibleconnectionsbetweenanimalbehaviorandearthquakes.Iftheyfindareliableconnection,thiscouldsavehundredsofthousandsofhumanlives.ICARUSaimstopoweranappthatwillgivepeoplehourstogettosafety.(一组研究人员正在寻找动物行为和地震之间的可能联系。如果他们找到可靠的联系，这将挽救成千上万人的生命。ICARUS旨在为一款应用程序提供动力，让人们在几小时内到达安全地带。)”可知，ICARUS项目的最终目标是提供准确的震前预警。故选A。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“However,noteveryoneishopeful.GeologistWendyBohonsaidthatICARUSisdoingsome“coolthings,”butsheknowsanimalbehaviorishardtopindown.“Mycatcouldactcrazybeforeanearthquake,”shesays.“Butitalsoactscrazyifsomebodyusesthecanopener.”(然而，并非所有人都抱有希望。地质学家温迪·博汉说，ICARUS正在做一些“很酷的事情”，但她知道动物行为很难确定。“我的猫在地震前会表现得很疯狂，”她说。“但如果有人用开罐器，也会显得很疯狂。”)”可推断，温迪·博汉对ICARUS项目表示怀疑。故选B。DPieterBruegel’siconic1565paintingTheHarvestershangsattheMetropolitanMuseumofArt.Theworkshowedpeopleharvestingwheatnearlyastallastheywere.“nowadays,however,ifyouwalkthroughawheatfield,youbasicallyseethatwheatisaboutknee-height.Thereducedheightisessentiallyaconsequenceofbreeding(培育)alongwithgenesforincreasingproductiontofeedagrowingpopulation,”biologistDeSmetexplained.DeSmetsayswheatisjustoneexampleofhowhistoricalartworkcanallowustotrackthetransformationoffoodcropsovertime.HeteamedupwitharthistorianVergauwen,afriendsincechildhood,todocumentsuchartworkaroundtheworld.Theyhavebeenmainlylookingatthingswheretheycanspotchangesinshape,colorandsize.TheirinterestinplantsinartworkbeganwithavisittotheHermitageMuseum,wheretheynoticedanodd-lookingwatermeloninanearly-17th-centurypainting.Itappearedtobepaleandwhiteontheinside.BiologistDeSmetassumedthepainterhaddoneapoorjob.ButarthistorianVergauwenhadadifferentidea.“No,thisisoneofthebestpainterseverfromthatera.Soifhepainteditlikethat,that’sthewayitmusthavelookedlike,”heexplained.Otherpaintingsrevealedthatbothredandwhitewatermelonsweregrownduringthe17thcentury.“Withallthegeneticknowledgewenowhave,wecanlookinmoredetailhowsomethingcomesabout,”DeSmetsaid.“Forexample,untilthe18thcentury,Europeanstrawberriesappearedtinyinpaintings-theythengrewinsizeastheywerecrossbredwithNorthAmericanvarieties.”Ultimately,theteamhopestocreateanonlineresearchdatabaseofhistoricalplantartwork.Theyseekthecontributionsofartenthusiastsaroundtheworldviathesocialmedia.“However,”Vergauwenreminds,“ifyou’regoingtouse,forexample,Picassototryandunderstandhowapearlookedintheearly20thcentury,youmightbemisled.”12.WhatcanwelearnaboutthepaintingTheHarvesters?A.Itshowshowpeoplesuccessfullygrewwheat.B.Itprovesthatwheatwasmuchshorterinthepast.C.Itexplainstheconsequenceofdifferentbreedingmethods.D.Itgivescluesabouthowwheatinthe16thcenturylookedlike.13.Whatinspiredtheresearchteamtostarttheirstudy?A.Theirpreferenceforfoodcrops.B.Theirfriendshipsincechildhood.C.Theirdividedviewsonanoldpainting.D.TheirsharedinterestinHermitageMuseum.14.WhatisthemessagefromVergauweninthelastparagraph?A.Artenthusiastsarenotcarefulenough.B.Abstractpaintingsoftenmisleadpeople.C.Thesourcepaintingsneedtoberealistic.D.Picasso’spaintingsarehardtounderstand.15.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.Tocommentonhistoricalplantpaintings.B.Totellinterestingstoriesbehindplantartwork.C.Toinformreadersofascientificbreakthrough.D.Tointroduceastudyonfoodcroptransformation.【答案】12.D13.C14.B15.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了古艺术品能够传递一定的农业信息，为农作物变化的研究提供线索。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“PieterBruegel’siconic1565paintingTheHarvestershangsattheMetropolitanMuseumofArt.Theworkshowedpeopleharvestingwheatnearlyastallastheywere.”（彼得·勃鲁盖尔1565年的标志性画作《收割机》悬挂在大都会艺术博物馆。研究显示，收割小麦的人几乎和他们的身高一样高。）可知，关于《收割者》这幅画，我们能了解到它为16世纪小麦的样子提供了线索。故选D项。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“BiologistDeSmetassumedthepainterhaddoneapoorjob.ButarthistorianVergauwenhadadifferentidea.“No,thisisoneofthebestpainterseverfromthatera.Soifhepainteditlikethat,that’sthewayitmusthavelookedlike,”heexplained.”（生物学家德·斯梅特认为画家画得不好。但艺术史学家韦高文却有不同的看法。“不，这是那个时代最好的画家之一。所以如果他把它画成那样，那它肯定就是这样的。”他解释道。）故可推知，他们对一幅古画有不同的看法激发了研究团队开始他们的研究。故选C项。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Vergauwenreminds,“ifyou’regoingtouse,forexample,Picassototryandunderstandhowapearlookedintheearly20thcentury,youmightbemisled.””（韦高文提醒说，“如果你试图用毕加索的作品来理解20世纪初梨子的样子，你可能会被误导。”）可知，在最后一段中韦高文传达了抽象画常常误导人的信息。故选B项。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据文章大意以及第二段中“DeSmetsayswheatisjustoneexampleofhowhistoricalartworkcanallowustotrackthetransformationoffoodcropsovertime.”（德斯梅特说，小麦只是历史艺术品如何让我们追踪粮食作物随时间变化的一个例子。）和最后一段中“Ultimately,theteamhopestocreateanonlineresearchdatabaseofhistoricalplantartwork.Theyseekthecontributionsofartenthusiastsaroundtheworldviathesocialmedia.”（最终，该团队希望创建一个历史植物艺术品的在线研究数据库。他们通过社交媒体寻求世界各地艺术爱好者的贡献。）故可推知，这篇文章的目的是介绍粮食作物变化研究。故选D项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Areyoufrequentlydepressedbythefeelingthatlifeisleavingyoubehindparticularlywhenyoulookoversocialmediasitesandarefacedwithalltheexcitingthingsyourfriendsareupto?____16____FOMO,orFearofMissingOutreferstotheperceptionthatotherpeople’slivesaresuperiortoourown.Itappearsasadeepsenseofenvy,andconstantexposuretoitcanhaveaweakeningeffectonourself-esteem(自尊).fire.____lingsofenvyandlackofconfidenceseemtobehumannaturesocialmediaseemstohaveaddedfueltothefire.____17____Socialmedia,withitsbuilt-inappeal,allowsustoshareonlythebestpresentationsofourlife,whileleavingoutthemoreboringaspects.Althoughthiscouldbecharacterizedasdishonest,itistheatmospheresocialmediaseemstodemand.Sohowdoweavoidbeingtrappedintoourowninsecuritiesbysocialmedia?posts.____ourownsocialmediaposts.____18____Well,sohaveothers.Andwhatthey’velefthiddenisthefactthatboredom,lonelinessandunpleasantchoresareanunavoidablepartofeveryone’slife,andyou’renottheonlyonefeelingleftout.____19____Youmaynotbearegularatfancypartiesoraclimberofdizzyingpeaks,butyouhaveyourhealth,aplacetoliveandrealfriendswhoappreciateyourpresenceintheirlives.Leantoshakeitoff.Weareallfloodeddailywithphotosofotherpeople’sperfections,butreally,whatdoesitmatter?____20____Andevenifyouaremoreeasilyaffectedthanothersbysocialmediaenvy,allyouneedtodoistolookaroundyouandacknowledgethatyouaredoingprettywellafterall.A.Ifso,youarenotalone.BValueyourfriendsinreallife.C.Learntoappreciatethepositives.D.Whydoesithavesuchastimulatingeffect?E.TheyareprobablynomorerealthanthefunniestrealityTVshow.F.Thefeelingthatweareleftouthaslong-termdamagingpsychologicalconsequences.G.Haveyoueverchosenphotosthatleadotherstotherosiestconclusionsaboutyourlife?【答案】16.A17.D18.G19.C20.E【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何避免社交媒体中的嫉妒感。【16题详解】根据前句“Areyoufrequentlydepressedbythefeelingthatlifeisleavingyoubehindparticularlywhenyoulookoversocialmediasitesandarefacedwithalltheexcitingthingsyourfriendsareupto?(你是否经常感到生活离你而去，尤其是当你浏览社交媒体网站时，面对着朋友们正在做的所有令人兴奋的事情?)”及下一段“FOMO,orFearofMissingOutreferstotheperceptionthatotherpeople’slivesaresuperiortoourown.Itappearsasadeepsenseofenvy,andconstantexposuretoitcanhaveaweakeningeffectonourself-esteem(自尊).(FOMO指的是别人的生活比我们自己的生活更优越的看法。它表现为一种强烈的嫉妒感，持续暴露在这种情绪下会削弱我们的自尊。)”可知，空处为承上启下句，即强烈的嫉妒感是很多人都有的感觉，引出下文对FOMO的介绍。所以选择项A“Ifso,youarenotalone.(如果是这样，你并不孤单。)”符合上下文语境。故选A。【17题详解】根据前句“Whilefeelingsofenvyandlackofconfidenceseemtobehumannature,socialmediaseemstohaveaddedfueltothefire.(嫉妒和缺乏自信似乎是人类的天性，而社交媒体似乎在火上浇油。)”和后文“Socialmedia,withitsbuilt-inappeal,allowsustoshareonlythebestpresentationsofourlife,whileleavingoutthemoreboringaspects.Althoughthiscouldbecharacterizedasdishonest,itistheatmospheresocialmediaseemstodemand.(社交媒体，以其固有的吸引力，让我们只分享我们生活中最好的一面，而忽略了更无聊的方面。虽然这可以被定性为不诚实，但这似乎是社交媒体所需要的氛围。)”可知，空处提问社交媒体为什么会有火上浇油的刺激作用，以引出下文对其原因的介绍。所以选择项D“Whydoesithavesuchastimulatingeffect?(为什么它有这样的刺激作用？)”符合上下文语境。故选D。【18题详解】根据前句“Consideryourownsocialmediaposts.(考虑一下你自己的社交媒体帖子。)”和后文“Well,sohaveothers.Andwhatthey’velefthiddenisthefactthatboredom,lonelinessandunpleasantchoresareanunavoidablepartofeveryone’slife,andyou’renottheonlyonefeelingleftout.(其他人也是如此。而他们所隐藏的事实是，无聊、孤独和不愉快的家务是每个人生活中不可避免的一部分，你不是唯一一个被忽略的人。)”可知，呈现在社交媒体上一般都是经过选择过的，代表生活美好方面的。所以选择项G“Haveyoueverchosenphotosthatleadotherstotherosiestconclusionsaboutyourlife?(你有没有选择过一些照片，让别人对你的生活得出最美好的结论？)”符合上下文语境。故选G。【19题详解】空处为本段主题句，根据后文“Youmaynotbearegularatfancypartiesoraclimberofdizzyingpeaks,butyouhaveyourhealth,aplacetoliveandrealfriendswhoappreciateyourpresenceintheirlives.(你可能不是高档派对常客，也不是攀登令人眼花缭乱的高峰的人，但你有健康的身体，有居住的地方，有真正的朋友，他们会欣赏你在他们生活中的存在。)”可知，本段主要介绍要学会欣赏积极的事物。所以选择项C“Learntoappreciatethepositives.(学会欣赏积极的事物。)”符合上下文语境。故选C。【20题详解】根据前句“Weareallfloodeddailywithphotosofotherpeople’sperfections,butreally,whatdoesitmatter?(我们每天都被别人完美的照片淹没，但说真的，这有什么关系呢?)”可知，我们不能社交媒体上的完美照片的影响，因为它们不一定是真实的。所以选择项E“TheyareprobablynomorerealthanthefunniestrealityTVshow.(它们可能并不比最有趣的电视真人秀更真实。)”符合上下文语境。故选E。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Thetrainhadbeenlongdelayed.Runningoutof____21____,Andyputdownhisbookandlookedout.Hefoundthe____22____atonce:itwasraininghard.Helaydownandfellasleepbutwassoonwokenupbyawoman.Shehandedhimhisbagand____23____thatithadslippedtothefloor.Hegratefullytookitbackandopenedit,____24____toseehismother’sscarfandsomesandwichesinside.Andy’sthoughtsdrifted(飘)towhenhewas____25____.Hismotherhadinsistedonputtingherscarfin.“Ifitrains,itmaygetcold.”Herememberedfeeling____26____andhadtakenitout.Butitwasstillhere.____27____Andyrealizedhewasburningwithfever.Feelinghelpless,hecalledhismum.“Takea____28____Ihaveputinmedicine,just____29____,”shesuggested.Touchedbyhismother’s_____30_____hetookthemedicineandsoonfelldeepasleepinthe_____31_____ofthescarf.Andywokeuplaterfeelingmuchbetter.Thenhenoticedthewoman,who’d_____32_____himearlier,_____33_____holdingababyinherarms,bothshaking.Theirclothesdidlittleagainstthecoldwind.Withoutthinkingtwice,Andywrappedhismother’sscarfaroundthebaby.Tohis_____34_____,thechildsoonfellasleepintheloveofnotone,buttwo_____35_____.21.A.luck B.patience C.time D.energy22.A.train B.truth C.cause D.notice23.A.insisted B.explained C.apologized D.admitted24.A.surprised B.ready C.thankful D.expecting25.A.checking B.leaving C.planning D.packing26.A.hurt B.annoyed C.ashamed D.puzzled27.A.Lately B.Finally C.Suddenly D.Instantly28.A.look B.pill C.rest D.sandwich29.A.forsafety B.onpurpose C.incase D.byaccident30.A.calmness B.confidence C.comfort D.care31.A.warmth B.memory C.smell D.touch32.A.helped B.pleased C.disturbed D.greeted33.A.comfortably B.safely C.gently D.tightly34.A.relief B.amazement C.mind D.advantage35.A.arms B.scarfs C.passengers D.mothers【答案】21.B22.C23.B24.A25.D26.B27.C28.B29.C30.D31.A32.A33.D34.A35.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了安迪在火车上感受到母亲的关爱并帮助了别人。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：安迪忍无可忍，放下书往外看。A.luck幸运；B.patience耐心；C.time时间；D.energy精力。根据“Thetrainhadbeenlongdelayed.”可知，因为火车耽搁了很久，所以安迪失去了耐心，放下书往外看。故选B。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他马上就找到了原因：雨下得很大。A.train火车；B.truth事实；C.cause原因；D.notice通知。根据“itwasraininghard.”可知，安迪找到火车耽搁了很久的原因。故选C。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她把他的包递给他，并解释说它滑到了地上。A.insisted坚持；B.explained解释，说；C.apologized道歉；D.admitted承认。根据“ithadslippedtothefloor.”可知，这位女士解释了递给安迪包的原因。故选B。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他感激地把它拿了回来，打开一看，惊讶地发现里面是妈妈的围巾和一些三明治。A.surprised惊讶的；B.ready准备好的；C.thankful感激的；D.expecting期望。根据“Herememberedfeeling____6____andhadtakenitout.Butitwasstillhere.”可知，发现包里面是妈妈的围巾和一些三明治，安迪感到很惊讶。故选A。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：安迪的思绪飘到了他收拾行李的时候。A.checking检查；B.leaving离开；C.planning计划；D.packing包装；收拾行李。根据“Hismotherhadinsistedonputtingherscarfin.”可知，安迪离家前收拾行李。故选D。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他记得当时很生气，就把它拿了出来。A.hurt受伤的；B.annoyed恼怒的；C.ashamed羞愧的；D.puzzled困惑的。根据“andhadtakenitout.”可知，安迪当时很生气。故选B。【27题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：突然安迪意识到自己发烧了。A.Lately最近；B.Finally最后；C.Suddenly突然；D.Instantly立即地。根据“Andyrealizedhewasburningwithfever.”可知，安迪突然意识到自己发烧了。故选C。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“吃一片我放在药里的药片，以防万一，”她建议道。A.look看；B.pill药片；C.rest休息；D.sandwich三明治。根据“Ihaveputinmedicine,”可知，妈妈为安迪准备了感冒的药片。故选B。【29题详解】考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：“吃一片我放在药里的药片，以防万一，”她建议道。A.forsafety为安全起见；B.onpurpose故意；C.incase以防；D.byaccident碰巧。根据“Takea____8____Ihaveputinmedicine,”可知，妈妈为安迪准备好药，以防万一。故选C。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他被母亲的关怀感动了，吃了药，很快就在围巾的温暖中睡着了。A.calmness平静；B.confidence信心；C.comfort安慰；D.care关心。根据““Takea____8____Ihaveputinmedicine,just____9____,”shesuggested.”可知，安迪被母亲的关怀感动了。故选D。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他被母亲的关怀感动了，吃了药，很快就在围巾的温暖中睡着了。A.warmth温暖；B.memory记忆；C.smell味道；D.touch触摸。根据“andsoonfelldeepasleep”可知，安迪在妈妈温暖的围巾中睡着了。故选A。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，他注意到那个早些时候帮过他的女人，紧紧地抱着一个婴儿，两个人都在发抖。A.helped帮助；B.pleased使……高兴；C.disturbed打扰；D.greeted打招呼。根据“Shehandedhimhisbagand____3____thatithadslippedtothefloor.”可知，那个女人帮助过安迪。故选A。【33题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然后，他注意到那个早些时候帮过他的女人，紧紧地抱着一个婴儿，两个人都在发抖。A.comfortably舒服地；B.safely安全地；C.gently温柔地；D.tightly紧紧地。根据“holdingababyinherarms,bothshaking.”可知，因为寒冷，所以紧紧地抱着。故选D。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：令他欣慰的是，孩子很快就在不是一个而是两个母亲的爱中睡着了。A.relief欣慰；B.amazement惊讶；C.mind想法；D.advantage优势。根据“thechildsoonfellasleepintheloveofnotone,buttwo____15____.”可知，孩子在温暖的围巾中睡着了，让安迪很欣慰。故选A。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：令他欣慰的是，孩子很快就在不是一个而是两个母亲的爱中睡着了。A.arms手臂；B.scarfs围巾；C.passengers乘客；D.mothers母亲。根据“Withoutthinkingtwice,Andywrappedhismother’sscarfaroundthebaby.”可知，因为两位母亲的爱，孩子很快睡着了。故选D。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Theneedforspeedissodeeplyrootedinmodernsocietythatweoftenforgettopresspauseandthinkaboutthethingsthatget____36____(good)withtime:antiques,agedwine,long-termrelationshipsandexpertiseovertheyears.PekingOperaisaslowprocesstoo.Anoften-repeatedsayinggoesasfollows:Threeminutesonstage,10years____37____stage.It’smeantasanodtoitsdemandingnatureandareminderofitshighstandardsthatensurethatanyperformance____38____(do)thewaytheforefatherswantedit.PekingOperaisdemandingbecauseoftheextensivelistofskillsit____39____(require).Aperformerisanactor,singer,dancer,acrobat,mimeandmartialartistallrolledintoone.They’realsoexpected____40____(apply)delicatemake-up,putonheavycostumesand,____41____(depend)ontheircharacter,performonstagein15cmplatformshoes.Thereissomuchtotakein____42____disciples(学徒)usuallystarttheircareerasyoungchildren，spendingyearsconditioningtheirbodiesandmindsforthestage.Sowhatchancedoes____43____theatrebeginnerwithlittlepatienceandzeroflexibilitylikemestandagainstPekingOpera?DoIhavewhatittakestoputona____44____(success)show?There’sonlyonewaytofindout:I’mrollingupmysleevesandtrainingunderthe_____45_____(guide)ofseniorstagemastersinthefield.【答案】36.better37.off38.isdone39.requires40.toapply41.depending42.that43.a44.successful45.guidance【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者作为一名京剧初学者对京剧的理解。【36题详解】考查比较级。句意：对速度的需求在现代社会中根深蒂固，以至于我们经常忘记按下暂停键，去思考那些随着时间流逝而变得更好的东西：古董、陈年葡萄酒、长期的关系和多年来的专业知识。结合句意可知，用副词的比较级形式。故填better。【37题详解】考查介词。句意：人们常说：“台上三分钟，台下十年功。”offstage台下。故填off。【38题详解】考查时态和语态。句意：这是对其苛刻性质的认可，也是对其高标准的提醒，以确保任何表演都以祖先希望的方式进行。根据句中时态可知，用一般现在时。主语perfo