2023年英语一考研真题优质资料

2023年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（一)SectionIUseofＥnｇlｉshDｉrｅｃtioｎs:Reaｄthefｏllowinｇtext.Choosｅｔｈebｅstword(s)ｆｏreachnumｂｅｒｅdblaｎｋandmarｋA，B,ＣｏrDonｔheAＮSWＥRSＨＥET.(10poinｔs)Ｔrustisａｔrｉｃkybusｉness.Ontheｏｎehand,it'saｎecessａrycondiｔiｏn１mａnywortｈwｈｉlethinｇs:ｃｈildcaｒe,friendshipｓ,eｔc.Ｏｎｔheｏtｈeｒｈａｎd,puttingyoｕr2,iｎthewｒongｐlaceｏfteｎcaｒriｅｓahigh3.4,ｗhydoweｔrustatall?Ｗell，becausｅitｆeelsgｏod.5ｐeopｌeplacetheirtrustinａｎiｎｄividuaｌｏrａnｉnstｉtｕtｉon,theiｒｂrａｉnsreleaｓeoxytocin，ahｏrmｏｎetｈａｔ６ｐｌeasurabｌefeelingsandｔrｉggersｔhｅherdinｇinstructthａｔprｏmpｔｓhumａnｓto７ｗitｈonｅanotｈer.Ｓciｅｎｔistshａｖefounｄthatexposuｒe8ｔhisｈorｍonepuｔsuｓｉnａtrｕstiｎｇ9：IｎaSｗissstudy,rｅsearcｈersspraｙedｏｘytociniｎtｏtheｎoseｓofhalfｔhesubｊeｃts;tｈosesubjectswererｅadytolenｄsignifｉcaｎｔlyhｉgheramountsｏｆmoneytostrangｅrsｔｈanwｅrｅtheiｒ10whｏｉnhaledsｏmethｉngelse.1１forus,ｗeaｌsohaveasixtｈsenｓｅｆordishoｎesｔythatmay12us.ACanadｉaｎstuｄyｆoｕndthａtｃhildreｎasyoｕｎgaｓ１3monthscaｎdifferentiａte14aｃｒeｄiblｅpeｒsonａndaｄiｓｈonestｏne.Ｓｉxtytoddｌerｓwereeａch15ｔoaｎadulttesteｒhoｌdingaｐｌasｔｉccontaｉｎｅr.Thｅtｅsterwｏｕldａsk,“Wｈａt’ｓｉnhere?”befoｒｅlookiｎgintothecontainer,smilinｇ,aｎdｅxclaiｍｉｎｇ，“Ｗow！”Eachｓubjecｔwａsthｅnｉｎvitｅdｔolooｋ16．Halfofthemfｏｕnｄａtｏy;theotherhａlf1７thecontaineｒwasempty-ａnｄrealizedthetｅｓterhad18theｍ.Aｍongthechiｌdｒｅnｗhohａｄｎotbｅentｒicked,themajoritｙwere19tocoｏｐｅrａtewitｈthetｅｓteriｎｌearninganewsｋiｌl,deｍoｎstratingthａttｈｅｙtrｕstedhiｓleａdership.20,onlｙfiveoftｈe30chｉlｄrenpaireｄwitｈthe“20”ｔeｓterｐａrｔiciｐａtedinaｆollｏw-uｐaｃtivity．1.[A]on[B］lｉｋe[Ｃ]for［D］from２.[A]ｆaitｈ［B］ｃonceｒｎ［Ｃ]attｅnｔiｏn[D]ｉｎtｅreｓt３.[A]bｅnefｉｔ［B]dｅbt［C］hｏpe［D]price4．［Ａ]Ｔhereｆｏre[B]Then［Ｃ］Insteaｄ[D]Ａgaｉｎ5.［Ａ]Uｎｔil[B］Ｕnless[C]Alｔｈoｕgｈ[D］Ｗhen6.[A]seｌects[B]prodｕcｅｓ[C］applieｓ[Ｄ］maｉｎtains7．[A]cｏnsulｔ[B］ｃｏｍpetｅ[C]ｃonｎect[Ｄ]cｏmpare8.[A]at［Ｂ]by［Ｃ]of[D]to9．［A］context[B]ｍood[C]peｒiod[D］ｃircle10.［A］counterpａｒｔｓ[B］substｉtuｔes[C]colleagueｓ[Ｄ］suｐporters11.[Ａ]Fuｎny[B]Ｌuｃkｙ[C]Ｏdｄ[D］Ironic１2．［A]moniｔor[Ｂ]protect[C］surprisｅ［D］dｅｌight13.[A]between[B]wiｔhｉｎ[C］towaｒd[Ｄ]oｖer1４．[A]traｎsferred[B]aｄded[Ｃ］intｒoduceｄ［Ｄ]ｅntruｓted15.［A]out［Ｂ］bacｋ[C］arouｎd［D]inｓide16.[A]discｏｖｅrｅd［B］provｅd[C]insiｓteｄ[D］.rｅｍembered17．[A］bｅtｒａyed[B]wronged[C］ｆoｏled［D］mockｅｄ1８.[A]ｆｏrｃed［B]wiｌliｎg[C]ｈesｉtant[Ｄ］ｅntitlｅｄ19.[A]Iｎcｏntraｓt[B]Asarｅｓuｌt[C］Ｏnthｅｗｈoｌｅ[D］Forinｓtaｎｃe20.［Ａ]infleｘｉｂle[B］ｉncapablｅ[C]unrｅliａbｌe[D]uｎsuitａbleSeｃtioｎIIＲeａdingCｏmｐreｈenｓionPaｒtADireｃtioｎs：Rｅadtｈｅfoｌlｏwｉngfｏurtextｓ.AnswertheｑｕestioｎsbｅloｗｅａｃｈｔeｘtbychoosinｇA,B,CorD.MarkyouｒaｎsｗeｒsonｔheＡNSWERＳHEET．(40ｐoiｎtｓ)Text１Aｍoｎgtheannoyｉnｇcｈaｌleｎgeｓfaciｎgthｅmiddlｅｃlassｉsonethatwｉllpｒobablyｇoｕｎmｅntioｎｅdinthｅnｅxtpｒesiｄentｉalcaｍpaiｇn:Whathａppenswheｎｔherobotscomeｆortheirjoｂs?Doｎ'tｄiｓmiｓsthatpossｉbｉliｔyentiｒely.ＡｂoutｈａlfofU.S.joｂsaｒeathiｇhrisｋofbeｉngautomatｅd,accorｄｉngtoａUniversityofＯxfｏrdstudy,withtheｍiddleｃlasｓdisproｐortionatｅｌyｓｑｕeezeｄ．Lｏwer-incomeｊｏbｓｌikｅgaｒdeningordaycarｅdon'taｐpealtoroboｔs.Ｂｕtｍanyｍiddle-clａsｓｏccuｐaｔions-tｒｕｃkiｎg，fｉnａｎcialaｄvice,sofｔwarｅenｇinｅeriｎg—havearｏusedtheirinｔereｓｔ,ｏｒsoonwill．Tｈerichｏwnthｅrobots,sｏtｈeywilｌbefinｅ．Thisiｓn'tｔobeａlaｒｍist.Optiｍistspoｉntｏutthattecｈｎｏlogicaｌupｈeaｖalhasbｅnefitedworkersinｔhepａst.TheIndustｒialRｅvolｕｔiｏndiｄn＇tgｏsoweｌlfoｒＬudditeswｈosｅjobsweｒeｄisplacedｂymeｃｈanｉzｅdlｏoms,butitｅｖeｎtuallyraiｓedlivinｇｓtａndardｓandcreatｅｄｍoｒthａｎｉtdｅsｔrｏyed．Likeｗise，aｕtoｍａtionshouｌdeｖｅｎｔuaｌlｙbooｓtｐroducｔivity,ｓtｉｍulatedｅmａnｄbydriｖinｇdownprｉces,anｄfｒeeworkeｒsfroｍhaｒd,ｂorｉngworｋ.Bｕtinｔｈｅmedｉｕmtｅrm，mｉｄdlｅ-ｃlassｗorkｅrsmａyｎeeｄalotｏfheｌpaｄjｕｓｔｉnｇ.Thｅfirsｔstep,ａｓＥrikBryｎjolfssoｎaｎdAndrｅｗMcAｆｅｅａｒｇueiｎＴhｅSecｏnｄMaｃhineAgｅ,sｈoｕlｄberethiｎkingedｕcatiｏnandjobtrａininｇ.Ｃurriculｕms—froｍgrammarsｃhoolｔocolｌｅge-shouldeｖolvetoｆocusleｓsonmemｏｒiziｎgｆaｃtsandmoreoncｒeativｉtyandcomplexｃｏmmｕnicatｉon.Vｏcatioｎaｌschoolsshoulddoabeｔterjobｏｆｆostｅringｐrｏbleｍ-solvinｇｓｋｉllsandｈelpiｎgｓtｕdeｎｔsｗoｒｋａlongsｉdeｒobotｓ.Ｏｎlｉｎeeｄｕcａtionｃaｎsｕpplｅｍentthetｒadiｔｉonａlkｉnd.Itcoulｄmａkeexｔratraiｎiｎｇandinstructｉoｎaffordaｂle.Profｅssionaｌｓtrｙingtoaｃquireｎewｓkｉlｌswilｌbｅａbｌeｔodosoｗiｔhouｔgｏｉngintodebｔ．TｈechaｌｌeｎgeofcoｐingwithautｏｍatiｏnｕndｅrliｎｅsｔheｎeｅdfｏrthｅU．S.ｔorｅviｖｅitsfadingbusinessdyｎamism:Sｔartingpaniｅsmustｂeｍａdeｅａsier．Inｐrevｉｏuserasｏfdｒastictecｈnｏｌogicａlchａnge，eｎｔrepｒeneｕrssｍｏoｔhedtｈeｔrａnｓiｔiｏnbydrｅaｍinｇupｗaysｔocoｍbｉｎｅlaboｒandmaｃhines．Ｔhebｅsｔusesoｆ3Ｄｐrinterｓandvｉrtuａlｒealｉｔｙhavｅn＇tbeenｉnveｎｔedyet.TheU．S．needstｈenewcomｐaniｅsthaｔwillinvenｔthｅm.Ｆinallｙ,beｃauseａutomatｉonthreateｎｓtｏwｉdｅｎｔhegａｐbetweｅｎcapitaｌｉncomeandlaboｒｉncomｅ，taxesandthesaｆetyｎetwillhavｅtobｅｒethouｇht.Taｘｅsonlow－wａgｅlaborneedｔｏbecut,anｄｗaｇesubsidiｅssuchａｓｔheearnedｉnｃomｅtaxcｒeｄitshouldbeexpanded：Thｉswouｌdbooｓtiｎcｏmeｓ,eｎcouragｅwork,rewａrdcompaｎｉesforｊoｂcreatioｎ,ａndｒeduceiｎequality．Tecｈnoloｇyｗiｌlｉmｐｒoveｓocieｔyinwayｓbigaｎｄsmalloverthenexｔfｅwｙears,ｙetthiswiｌlbelittｌｆorttotｈoｓewhofｉｎdtheｉrｌivｅsandcaｒeeｒsｕpeｎdedbyａutomａｔion.Desｔroｙｉｎgthemａchinestｈａtarecomiｎgfｏrourjobswoｕldｂeｎuts．Ｂutpoliciｅstohｅlｐｗｏrkersaｄaptｗｉllbeｉndispeｎsable.21.Whowｉllbｅmosｔthreaｔenｅdｂyautomaｔion？[A]Leaｄingpolｉｔｉcｉanｓ.［B]Low-waｇelaboreｒｓ.[Ｃ］Ｒｏbotoｗnｅrs．［D］Middle－cｌaｓsworｋers．22.Whｉchｏfthefollowingbestreｐresenｔｔｈｅautｈoｒ’sview?[A］Ｗorriesａboｕｔaｕtomatiｏ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rｌiｖｅsnowgeneratｅ.Pｒivａcylawbuilｄsontheconｃｅptｏfdamaｇeｔoanindiｖiｄualfromｉdｅnｔifiａbｌeknowｌeｄgeaｂｏuｔtｈem.Thatｍisｓeｓtheｗaythesuｒveｉlｌanｃeecｏnomywoｒks．Thｅdａtaoｆaｎiｎdivｉdualtheｒegａｉnｓitsvalueonlywhenitiｓcoｍｐareｄｗiththｅdaｔaofｃountleｓsmillionsmore．Thｅｕseofpｒiｖacyｌaｗtｏcuｒｂｔhｅtecｈgianｔｓintｈｉｓinｓtancefeelｓsligｈtlymaladａpted.Thｉspｒacticｅｄｏesnotａｄdrｅsstherｅaｌwｏrry．ItiｓnｏtｅnouｇhtosaythatthｅaｌgoritｈmsDeeｐＭinddeｖelopsｗiｌlbｅnefitpａtiｅnｔsanｄsaｖelivｅs.Ｗhatmatｔersistｈａｔtｈeｙwillbeｌoｎｇtoaprivatｅmｏnoｐｏlyｗhichdeｖeｌopedｔhemｕsｉngｐublicrｅsｏｕｒces．Iｆｓoftｗａrｅprｏmisｅｓtoｓaｖelivesontｈｅｓcａletｈａtｄugsｎowcan，bigｄatamａyｂeｅxpecｔedtobｅhavｅasabｉgpharmｈasdone.Weareｓtiｌlatｔhｅｂeginninｇoｆthisrevoluｔｉonandsｍallchｏicesnowmａyturｎouｔtohaveｇiganticｃonsequenｃesｌatｅr.Ａlｏngstｒuｇgｌｅwｉllbeneededtoavoidafutuｒeoｆdigｉtaｌｆeｕdalism.MsＤenhａm'sreporｔisaweｌcomestａｒt.31．ＷhaisｔruｅoｆtｈeａgｒeemｅntbetweenｔheNHSandDeeｐMinｄ？[A]Ｉtcaｕsｅdconflictsamongｔechgｉａｎts.[B]Ｉｔfailedtopayｄｕeａttentｉｏntｏpatiｅｎt’ｓriｇhts.[C]Itfellｓhorｔofthelatter'sｅxpectａtions[D]Iｔｐutbotｈｓiｄeｓintoadanｇｅrｏｕssituatiｏn.32.TheNHStruｓtrｅsｐondedtｏＤenham'sveｒｄictwith［Ａ]emptyｐｒomｉses．[B］tougｈresｉstanｃe.[Ｃ]ｎｅｃeｓsaryadjｕsｔｍents.［D]ｓinｃｅreａｐologiｅｓ.33.TheaｕtｈorarｇuesinＰａrａｇraph2that［A]ｐrivaｃyｐｒoteｃtionｍｕstbesecuｒedatａllｃosts.［B]leakｉｎｇｐatients＇dataisｗorsethanseｌliｎｇｉt.[C]ｍａkiｎgｐrofiｔsfrｏmpatienｔs'dataisillegaｌ．［D]theｖaluｅｏfesfromｔｈeprｏcessｉngoｆｉt34.Accorｄinｇtｏｔhelastpaｒagｒaｐh,therealwｏｒryarｉsingｆromthisdealis[A]ｔheviｃioｕsｒｉvａlｒyａｍoｎgbigphaｒｍaｓ.［Ｂ]ｔｈeineｆfeｃtiveeｎfoｒcementｏｆprivacylaw.[C］theuncｏnｔroｌleｄuseoｆnewsoftware．［D]ｔhemonopolyoｆbigdａtabytｅchgｉantｓ.３５.Ｔhｅautｈor'saｔtitudetowarｄｔｈｅaｐplicatiｏnofAItoｈｅalthcareis[A]ａmｂｉguous.[B］cautｉoｕs．[C]appｒecｉativｅ.[D］contemptuous．Teｘt4TheU.Ｓ．PoｓtａｌServｉcｅ(UＳPS)continｕestoblｅedredinｋ.Iｔreｐoｒtedanｅtｌｏssof$５．6billionforfiscａl２02３,the10thstraightｙeariｔseｘｐenｓeｓhａｖeeｘceeｄeｄrevenｕe．Ｍｅａnwhｉle,ithaｓmorｅthaｎ＄120bｉllｉoninunfuｎdedｌiabilities，ｍoｓtlｙforeｍployeehealthaｎdretirementｃosｔs.Ｔheｒｅareｍanybankrｕptcｉes.Fundameｎtalｌy,ｔｈeＵＳPＳｉsinａhiｓtoｒｉcsqueｅzｅbｅtweｅntｅchnｏlogicalchangeｔhathａｓｐerｍanｅｎtlｙｄecrｅaｓeddemaｎdfｏrｉｔｓbrｅａd-aｎｄ-ｂdｕct,fｉrst-classmail，ａｎdareｇｕlaｔorysｔruｃtｕretｈaｔｄｅｎiesｍanａgeｍeｎtｔhｅflexibｉlitｙtoａdｊuｓtitsoperationsｔotｈenewrealiｔyAnｄinteresｔgrouｐsrangiｎgfrompostａlunionstogreetiｎg-cardmakｅｒsｅｘeｒtｓelｆ-intereｓteｄprｅssuｒｅontｈeUSPS’ｓultｉｍaｔeｏｖeｒseｅr-Congreｓs－insistinｇthａｔwhateverelｓehａppenｓtothePｏｓtａｌServｉce,aspectｓoｆthestatusｑuotheydepｅndｏngetproteｃteｄ．Thisisｗhyrepeatedatteｍｐtｓatrefoｒmｌegiｓlａtionhaｖｅfaiｌeｄinrｅｃｅntyeaｒs,ｌｅａvｉngthePostalSerｖiceunablｅｔopayitsbillsexｃeｐtbydeｆerriｎgvｉｔalmｏderｎizaｔion.Ｎowcomesｗoｒｄｔhateｖｅryoneiｎvolved---Deｍoｃｒａts,Repｕblicanｓ,ｔhePoｓtaｌSｅｒviｃe，thｅunioｎsandthesysteｍ'sheavieｓtusers—ｈasfinａlｌyagreedonａpｌantoｆiｘthｅsyｓｔｅm.LegislaｔionｉsmｏvｉｎgthroughtｈeＨousethａtwouｌdsaveUSPSaｎｅstｉmated$28.６ｂｉｌlionｏveｒfiveyeａrs,whｉchcｏuldhelpｐayforｎｅwｖｅhiclｅs，amｏｎgotｈersurｖiｖalmeaｓuｒeｓ.Mostofｔhｅｍｏneｙwouｌdcoｍeｆromａｐｅnny-per-lettｅｒpermａnenｔrａteincreaｓｅａnｄfromshｉftｉｎｇpｏstａｌｒｅｔireesｉntｏMedｉcａre.Thelaｔｔeｒstepｗoｕldｌａｒｇelyｏffｓetｔheｆinancialburｄenofannuallypｒe-ｆundingｒetｉreehealthcare，thusaddresｓiｎgalong-standingｃomplaiｎtbyｔheＵSPSaｎｄitsuniｏn.ＩｆiｔclｅaｒstｈeHouse,thｉｓmeasurewoｕlｄstillhavetogｅtｔhｒｏuｇhtheSenａtｅ–wheｒesomeonｅisboｕndtopoinｔoｕttｈaｔiｔamｏuntsｔoｔhｅbarｅ,ｂareｍinimｕmnecｅsｓaｒytokeｅｐｔhePostaｌSｅrviceafｌoat,notｃomprehｅnsivereｆｏrｍ.There’snocｈangetocolleｃtiveｂargａiningａttｈeＵSPS,amａjｏromisｓｉonconsidｅringｔhatｐｅrsonneｌaccountsfor80pｅrcenｔoｆｔhｅaｇency’scoｓtｓ.ＡlsomｉssingｉｓanydisｃussｉonｏfｅlｉminatinｇSaturdayｌetterdeｌivery.Thａtｃｏmmｏn-ｓｅｎsechａnｇｅenjoyswiｄeｐｕbｌicsuｐportanｄwｏｕldsaveｔｈｅＵＳＰS$2billiｏnpｅryear.Butpostalspecial－ｉnterestgroupsseeｍｔoｈavekilleｄit，ａtleastintｈeHｏuse．Ｔheｅｍerｇingconsensusarouｎdtｈｅbilliｓasｉgnthaｔleｇislａtorsareｇettiｎgfrighｔenｅdａboutaｐｏlｉticallｙeｍｂaｒｒaｓsingshｏrt－ｔｅrmcollａpseattheＵSPS.Ｉtiｓnoｔ,howeｖer,ａsｉgnｔhaｔthey’reｇeｔtingsｅriousaｂoutｔｒansformiｎgtheposｔalsystemfoｒthe21ｓtcentury．36.ＴheｆｉnaｎciaｌproblｅmwｉththｅUＳPSｉsｃausedpaｒｔlｙby［A].itsunｂａlancｅdbｕｄgｅｔ.［B］.iｔsrｉgidｍａｎaｇeｍeｎt.[C]．ｔheｃｏstfｏrteｃhnicaｌｕpgradｉng.[D].tｈewithdｒawａlofbanksupport．３7.AｃcoｒｄｉngtｏPaｒagｒaｐh２,theUＳPSｆailstomodernizeiｔsｅｌfｄuetｏ[A].ｔｈｅｉnｔerferｅnｃeｆｒominｔereｓtgrouｐs．[B].ｔhｅinadｅｑuａtefｕnｄiｎgfrｏｍCongｒess．[C].ｔheshrｉｎkiｎｇｄemandforpostalｓervｉcｅ.［Ｄ］.tｈeｉncoｍｐeｔenceofｐosｔalunｉonｓ．38.Thelｏng-staｎplaｉntbytheUＳPＳanditsunionsｃaｎｂeadｄressｅdbｙ[Ａ].reｍｏviｎgｉｔｓbｕrdenofretireｅheaｌｔhｃare.[B］.ｍakingｍoreｉnｖestmentｉnnｅwｖehicleｓ.[C]．ａdｏptingaｎeｗrate-increasｅmechａｎism.[D］.attｒactｉngｍｏｒeｆirｓt-classmaiｌuseｒｓ．39.Ｉntｈelastpaｒagraph，ｔheauthorseeｍｓtoｖiewlegislatorswｉtｈ［A］rｅspeｃｔ.[B］tｏleｒａnｃｅ.[C］ｄiｓconteｎt．［D］gratitude.４０.Ｗｈiｃhofｔhefｏllowｉngwouldｂethebｅsttitlｅforthetext？[Ａ].TｈeUSPSStaｒtstoMissＩtsGｏodＯldDays[Ｂ］.TheＰｏstａlＳervｉｃe：ＫeepAwayfromMyＣheese[C］.TheUSPＳ：ChｒｏnicＩllnｅssReqｕｉresaQuｉckＣuｒe[D].ThePosｔａlSerｖiceNｅedsMoｒetｈanaBand－AiｄPartBDirections:Thefolｌｏwingparａgraphsaregivｅninawｒｏngorｄｅr.FoｒＱueｓtiｏns41-45，yｏｕaｒｅreqｕｉｒedtｏｒeoｒｇaｎizeｔｈｅseparagｒaｐhｓintｏacoｈereｎtarticlebychoosｉngfｒoｍｔheｌisｔA-Gaｎdfiｌlingｔｈｅｍｉntothenumｂeｒedbｏxes.PａrａgraｐhsＣａｎdFhavebeencorreｃtlypｌaｃed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