2023年上海中级口译真题

202３年9月中级口译真题+参考答案英语中级口译资格证书第一阶段考试SECＴION1:ＬISTＥNINGTESＴPartA：SpotＤicｔatｉｏnDｉrectiｏns:Inthisparｔｏｆtheｔeｓt,ｙoｕwｉllhearaｐassaｇeandreaｄthesaｍepassagewithblaｎｋsｉnit.Ｆillineａchoftｈｅblankswiththｅworｄｏrwoｒdsｙｏuhavｅｈｅarｄｏntｈeｔaｐe.WritｅyoｕｒaｎsｗerｉnｔhecorreｓｐondingspａceinyourAＮSＷERBOOKLET.ReｍeｍｂeｒyouwiｌlｈeaｒtｈeｐａｓsａgeＯNLYONＣＥ.Ｂritiｓhpeｏpｌeａrefarmｏreｓopｈisｔicａteｄabｏutbｅｖｅraｇesthantｈeyweｒe50yeａrsago.WitｎｅssｔｈeＳｔarｂucksreｖｏlutionandｙou’llkｎowwｈeｒe____＿______(1)gｏes．Hｏｗeveｒ,sｐｕrreｄonbyrｅcｅntstudieｓsuggeｓtｉngthatｉtcaｎcuｔthｅｒiskof_＿＿_＿_____＿(2)andｒetaｒdｔｈｅａgｉnｇpｒoｃess,teaisenｊｏｙｉngａ__＿_＿＿_＿__＿(3）.Althouｇhｔeａｉsaｖailabｌｅinmorepｌaｃestｈaｎever，itrｅmａinｓtｏbe______＿______（4）ofatｙｐicalBｒitisｈfamily.IfｙouareinvitedtoanＥngｌiｓｈhome,__＿___＿＿_____（５)intｈemornｉnｇｙougetａcuｐoftea．Itisｅitｈerbrｏughｔｉnbyaｈeaｒｔily_＿___＿_______(6)ｏｒａｎalｍosｔmalevoleｎtｌysiｌeｎｔmaiｄ.Whenyｏuare＿＿_＿___＿＿_＿＿_(7)iｎyｏｕｒswｅeｔeｓtmorｎiｎgｓleeｐyoumuｓtnｏtｓaｙ:‘Goawａy,ｙou____________＿(8)．’Ｏntheconｔrａry,youhａvｅｔｏdｅｃlarewｉthｙoｕrbeｓtfiｖeo’ｃloｃksmiｌe:‘Thaｎｋyouｖerymuｃｈ.I_____________（９）acuｐoftｅa,esｐｅcialｌyｉnｔｈｅmorning.’Iftheyｌeaｖeyoualonｅwiththeliquidyoｕｍａｙpｏurit__＿___＿＿_＿___(1０)！Tｈeｎyｏuｈaｖe______＿＿_＿＿(1１)；theｎyouｈaｖeｔeaat1１o’clockinthemornｉng;＿＿___________(１2)；theｎyoｕhａvｅteafoｒtea;tｈenaftｅｒｓuppeｒ;anｄagaｉnateleveno’ｃｌoｃk__＿_＿＿__＿__＿_（１3).Yoｕmusｔｎotrefｕｓｅａｎyａｄdiｔiｏｎalｃupsofｔeaunderthｅ____＿___＿＿＿＿_（１４）:ifｉtｉsｈot；ifｉｔiｓcold;ifyouare___＿＿_＿_＿___＿(15);ifyoｕarenervouｓ;ｉfyoｕareｗatcｈiｎｇTV;_____________(16）;ｉfyouhaｖejustｒetｕrｎedhomｅ;ｉfyｏufeelliｋeiｔ;ifｙｏｕdonｏtｆeeｌｌikeit；ifyouhavｅhａｄｎｏtea___＿___＿__＿＿＿_（17);ｉfyｏuhaveｊuｓtｈａdａｃup.Ｙouｄｅｆinitelｙmｕstnｏt＿____＿_＿___＿＿_(1８)．Isleepatｆiｖeo’ｃlｏckintｈemｏrnｉnｇ;Ihaｖecoｆfeefｏrｂreakfasｔ；Ｉdｒinkinｎumeｒａbｌe_______＿＿＿___（1９)ｄuriｎｇtheｄay;Ihavｅtｈe___＿＿________(２0)ｅvｅｎａttea－ｔime！ＰａrtB:ListｅｎingComprehｅnsion１．StatemｅｎtsDirｅｃtioｎｓ:Ｉntｈispartoftｈetest,youwilｌhearsevｅralshorｔstａtｅments．ＴhesestatementｓwillbeｓpokenONLＹONCＥ,ａnｄyouwilｌnotfindthemwriｔtenonthepaper;soyoumｕstlｉｓteｎcarefuｌｌy.Whｅnyouhearasｔatｅｍｅnt,readtheａnｓwerｃhoiceｓandｄecidewhicｈoｎｅisｃlｏseｓtinｍｅaningｔoｔhestatｅmeｎtｙｏｕhaveheａrd.ＴhenwｒiteｔheleｔterofｔheansｗeｒyouhaｖechosｅniｎthecorrespｏndingspａｃeｉnｙourANSWEＲBOOKＬET.1.(A)TｈeproｇrａｍonＣｈannelEightremindsmeofＴVcommｅrｃｉals.(B)TheｐroduｃtａdverｔisedintｈeTVcoｍmerciａlcａｎnothelpｃuｒeｍyｉllｎｅｓｓ．（C)Ｉｄon’tｗatchTVthａtmuch,bｅcauseoｆｔhｅomｎipresentａdvｅｒｔiｓemeｎts．（D）Ihavetosｉtonthesｏfａ,ｂecausｅIamｔoosicｋtoｓtanｄinfrontofthetｅleｖisiｏn.2.（Ａ）Ｔheｐlaｎeaｒrｉvｅdat7:３０．1(B)Theplaneａrrｉvｅdat8:００.（C）Theｐlaｎｅaｒｒivedat９:00.(Ｄ）Thｅplaneaｒｒｉｖedat１0：00.3．(A)I’llａsｋsｏmeoneelsetoreadａｎdchecｋtｈｉｓagreemｅntｆorerrｏrs．(B）I’lｌthinkmoreaboｕttｈeagrｅｅｍenｔbｅforｅmａkingａdｅｃision.(Ｃ)Ｉt’ｓｏbvｉousthatI’ｌｌdisｃｕｓstheagreemenｔwithmｙassistaｎtfｉrｓt.(D)It’ｓoutofqueｓtｉonthatIshｏuldｇｅtintoaｎyａgrｅementwithyou.４．（A)Thebeｔｔermemｂersｄｅcidedtocaｎcelｔheｍeeting.(B)Ｌesｓtｈaｎhaｌfoftｈｅcommitteｅwaｓawayｏnbusinesstrips.(C）It’dbebetｔeriｆnoｏnehadattendedtｈiｓmｏrning’sｃommiｔteｅmeｅting..(D)Theｍeeｔinｇｗascanｃelleｄbｅcａuseofｌｏwattendance.5．(A)Ｓｕｐｅrmaｒketｓintheｉｎｎeｒcityａndtｈeｓuburbsareｕｓuａlｌｙｏｗnedｂythｅsamecoｍpany.(Ｂ)Pｒoducｔsｉｎgrocerystorｅsａremoｒeexｐensivetｈaｎthoｓeinsｕpｅｒmarkｅｔs．（Ｃ)Thereiｓaｐｒｉcediｆfeｒenｃeforthesamｅproductｅveninｓhｏｐsｒunｂyｔhｅsameｃｏｍpａnｙ.(D)Ｐeoplepｒｅfeｒｔｏｓhopinｓｕｐｅrｍarkeｔs,whicharemｏｓtlｙlｏcａtedｉnthｅsubｕｒbｓ,witｈfreepaｒkinｇspace.6.(A)MaｎyAmｅricaｎsｃanｎotaffｏｒdhiｇhereducatiｏnｂeｃauseofthesoａｒinｇｃｏlｌegｅtuitionfｅｅsandexpｅｎses．(B)SeｎdｉngtheircｈｉlｄrentocollｅgeiｓnolonｇerabｉgｇerchallengｅfoｒmilｌionsｏfＡmericans.（C)ThｅＡmericanｇovｅｒｎmenｔhasｓeｔthegoalthatitwilｌｅventuａllystｏpfunｄinghｉｇｃatｉonｉnstｉtuｔioｎs.(Ｄ)Nowadａys,Ameｒicanｐarentsｈaveｔopaｙmoreｔｏsendtheirchildrentocollege．7．（A）Ｆorｍanyuniｖerｓitygraduates,thejobsthｅytakewiｌlnoｔbeｒeｌatedtothｅiraｃademicａｃhievemｅnts.(B)Ｂeｃａｕsｅｏfeconomｉcrecｅsｓion,tｈｅnumberoｆuniｖeｒｓitystudｅntsｍajoringｉnｌibｅralaｒtsisdeclining.(Ｃ)Uniｖｅrsitysｔｕｄｅnｔsｗｈｏaｒeintｅreｓtedinliberａlａrtswilｌhavemorｅjobｏｐpｏｒｔunitｉesuｐoｎgｒaｄｕation.（Ｄ)Wiｔhｈigｈuｎｅｍploymｅｎtrate，ｍａnｙuniveｒｓitystudentsｗillhａvｅtooｐｔfｏrｔranｓferrｉngtoｏthｅｒｍaｊors.8.（A)Gｏｏdbusiｎｅssnegoｔiatｏrswillneｖｅｒrepeatwhatotheｒpeoｐleｈａvealreａdyｒestａted.(B)Restatｉｎｇbygｏodｂｕsinessnegｏｔｉatorｓisnotaneｆｆectivewａytocｈeckｔheinforｍａｔｉon.(C)Goodbusineｓsｎegｏtｉaｔorｓarｅsomｅtimｅscuriouｓaboutｏtheｒpｅoplｅ’sreｓtaｔemｅnｔｓ．(D)Rｅｓtａtingwｈatotherｓｈaｖesaidiｓａｇooｄｓｔrategｙforconfirminｇundｅrstandiｎg．9.(A）Wｅcａｎnotｒeachaｎagreｅment,leｔaloｎｅaspokｅｎpromisｅ．(B）We’ｄbeｔterdraｆｔanｄthensiｇnawriｔtenａgreｅmeｎt.(C）Ｗｅgｅnｅrallykeｅpoｕrpｒomiｓesinbｕsinｅｓsｔｒansacｔionｓ.(D)Ｗehopeyoｕunderstandwｈｙweａrｅunabletokeepouｒpｒoｍises.10.(A)Ｉdon’tthinkyouhａvemoreｔosayonｔｈattｏpic.(B)Ithinkwe’dbeｔtertaｌkabｏutｔhatｉｎｄｅtaiｌｓometｉmelateｒ.(Ｃ）Iamtrulyappｒeciativeifyoucaｎｅｌaboｒateｏnthａttopiｃａfｔeｒｌunch.(Ｄ)Iambｕsyｒｉghtｎow,ｓowemｉgｈｔａｓwelldisｃussｉtoveｒlunchtoｄay.２．ＴalksaｎdConverｓationsＤireｃtｉons:Inｔhiｓpaｒtoftｈeｔeｓt，youwillhearｓeveralshｏrtｔalksanｄｃｏnveｒｓaｔionsＡｆtereａｃhoｆ2ｔhese,youwillhearａfewquestiｏｎs.ListeｎcarefullｙbecauｓeyoｕwillhearｔｈｅtalｋoｒcｏnversationａｎdqueｓtionsONＬYOＮCE．Whｅnyｏｕheaｒaqｕestiｏn,reａｄｔhefourｃｈｏicesaｎdｃhooｓeｔhebestaｎswertothatqｕｅsｔion．ThenwriｔｅthｅleｔteroｆtheａｎswｅryouhavecｈosenintｈecorrespondingｓpａceｉnyourANSＷERBOOKLEＴ．Quｅstions11—1４11．(A）Ｔｗo(B)Ｔhｒee(Ｃ)Foｕr(D）Fｉve12.（A)Aproｆit－mａkiｎgpriｖaｔescｈｏol.(B）Ａnon-profit-makingiｎdepｅndeｎtschooｌ.(C)Astatescｈooｌthatisfundedｂynｏｎ-ｇoｖerｎmenｔalsoｕrcｅs．(Ｄ)AsecondaｒyscｈooltｈatisoｐｅnｔothemaｊoｒｉtｙofBｒｉｔishstuｄｅｎts.13.(A)Ｍａｎycｈildreｎａrｅｎoloｎgerplacedinｓｃｈoolsaｃcordingtotheｉracademicaｂｉlities．(B)Ｍaｎyｃhildｒｅncaｎafｆordtostｕdyinｐrivａｔｅscｈooｌs,asｔheyｂecomepartofｔｈeｓｔaｔesyｓtem.(C)Cｈilｄｒenfromwｅalthyfａmilｉesnolongerchoosｅtoｇoａndstｕdyinｐuｂｌiｃｓｃhｏｏls.(D)Ｃlevererchｉldrenwｉllｂeｓｅntｔotｈebesｔprivateｓｃhoｏｌsinｔheｃountｒｙfｏrabetterdeｖeloｐment．14．(A)Ｃleverａndｌesｓbrigｈtｃｈildrｅｎwillmixwellwithｅacｈothｅr．(B）Scｈoｏlａuｔhoritiｅswｉllreceiｖemｏｒefuｎdｓｆromthegｏvｅrｎmｅnt．(Ｃ）Ｍostｓｔudentswｉｌldｏwellintheirenｔraｎceexaminatｉｏnｆorthｅｈigｈｅｒｅｄuｃation.(Ｄ)Ｅveｒｙchildｗｉｌlhaveanequalｏppｏrtuｎitytｏｇｏoｎtｏｈighereducation.Questions１５—１815.(A)Oｎethatｉsunabrｉdｇｅdwitｈｄｅtaileｄdefiｎitions.(B)Ｏnｅthatcontainsfewerworｄsanｄｅmｐhasizesoｎsｐeciaｌｗoｒds.（C)Onｅtｈatcontaiｎsaｂrｏａdrangｅoｆwordsｉncoｍmｏnuｓaｇｅ.(D)Oｎethatspaｎsseveｒａlvoｌumｅsandhasextensiｖewoｒdhｉｓｔｏｒies1６.(A)TheＮeｗＯxｆｏｒｄPictuｒeDiｃtiｏnaｒｙ（B）ＴｈeAmｅｒｉcａnHeriｔagｅDiｃtioｎａrｙ(C)TheDｉcｔｉonaｒｙofLegａlTerms(D)ThｅDrinｋiｎgＷaterDictionaｒy17.(A)Ｉｔlｉｓtｓabｂrｅviａｔiｏｎs，propernｏｕns，andtableｓｏfmｅａsｕres.(B)Ｉtisａnunabridｇededitionpｒovidiｎｇasmａnｙas５00,000enｔrieｓ．（C）Itｗasｒandoｍlycｏmｐiledａnｄｃｏntainsasmanｙforeiｇnwordsasｐossible.(D)Itprovidesdetａｉｌedinfoｒmaｔｉoｎｏffａmouｓｐeoｐleanｄpｌacｅｓ.18.（Ａ)Asｃhｏoldｉctiｏｎary.（Ｂ）Aｃolleｇedｉctｉｏnary.（C)Ａgｅnｅraldicｔionary.(D)Asｐecｉalizｅｄdｉctionarｙ.Quｅsｔｉons１9—2２1９.（A)Hｅ’ｓboughthｉswｉfｅapｒesｅnt．（B)He’smiｓsedａｎimpｏrtaｎｔｐｈonｅcall.(C)He’sdｉsｍisｓedhisnｅｗsｅcretaｒｙ．(D）Ｈｅ’spopｐeｄouｔｓhｏpping.２０．(A)Ｔalkｉngａboutthelａteｓtfashion.(Ｂ)Offerｉｎgsｐecialｒeｄuctｉoｎｓ.（C)Giｖiｎｇｂｉggerdiscountstofeｍalecustomｅrs.（D)Pressingontｈｅｃustomｅrtomakeaｄecision.２1.(A)Upsidedownandinsiｄeouｔ.(Ｂ)Iｎｓideoｕtandｂaｃｋｔoｆront.(C)Withｉｔｓsｌeeｖeｓａstｒouseｒleｇs．(Ｄ)Wiｔhitsｐａtｔernupsidedowｎ．２2.(A）AＶ-nｅcｋedｐｕｌｌｏverwiｔhｓhoｒtsleeves.3(B)Ahigｈ-neｃｋedpullovｅrwithloｎgslｅeves.(C)Aｗhitepulloｖｅrwiｔhaｐattern.(D)Aｂlueｐullｏverwｉthａhiｇhneｃk.Questions２3—2６２3.(A)Ｔｈatofacrｅator.(B)Tｈatoｆarｅ－crｅatｏr.（C）Thａtofarｅceivｅｒ.（Ｄ）Ｔｈatｏfaperｆormer.２4.(A)Becausewｅneedtocoｎcentrateforouｒquietｔhoｕgｈt.(B)Becausewｅｗantｔogivefullattentiｏntoｔheｄriving.(C)Becausewｅｔrytｏavoiｄbeｉｎgcaugｈtbｙtheｐatrｏlliｎgpolｉce．(D)Becaｕseweｉnｔeｎdtobeaｓｃasuaｌａspoｓｓibleｉｎｔhｅdｒivｉng.２5.(A)Intｈeeleｖator.(B)Iｎｔhecar.（C)Iｎthebathrｏoｍ．(D)Iｎtheｃhurｃh.２６.（A)Ｂｙpeｒｃepｔivｅandaｎaｌyｔicａllistening．(B)Byｔakingasonicbatｈ.(C)Byattｅndingclａｓsicalconｃeｒts.(D)Byｌisteｎiｎgtoanemｏtionａlpｉeceofmusiｃ.Ｑuｅsｔionｓ27—30２7.(A）Ｈisｇraｎdfathｅr’shouse.（B)Hｉsｐarents’reｍａrks.(Ｃ)Amagaziｎe.(D）Acoursebooｋ.２8.（A）Enjoyingvｉsitinｇｚoos.（B)Driｖiｎｇａｃar.(C）Maｋingmoney.(Ｄ)Ｔaｋinｇkｉdstoａmuseｕm.29.(Ａ)Iｔdiｅdafｅwyeａrsaｇo.(B)Itkｉlledseveｒaltoｕrists．(C)Itisｏｎlyalegenｄ．(D)Itｉsａｌivingdinosaur.3０.(Ａ）Ｎooneｈaspｒoviｄedaｎaｃcuｒateｄeｓcｒｉptioｎｏftheanimal．（B）Noｄeaｄｂoｄｉesoftｈｅanｉmalhaveevｅrbeenfound.(C)Thｅｒeareoｎlｙ50０spｅｃieslivｉngiｎLochNess.(D)Ｔｈelａｋeisnotdｅepenoughforsucｈahuｇeanimal．PartC:ListeｎｉnｇaｎｄTｒaｎslaｔion1．SenｔｅｎceTransｌationＤiｒectｉｏns:Ｉｎｔhｉspartofthｅtest，youwilｌhｅaｒ5senteｎcesiｎEｎgliｓｈ.ＹouｗillｈeaｒｔｈeseｎｔｅncesONLYONCE.Aｆtｅｒｙｏuhaveheardｅachsenteｎｃｅ,ｔｒanslａteｉｔintoChiｎeseandwｒｉteyouｒversioninthecorrespondingspaceinｙｏurANSWＥRＢOOＫLET.(1)(2)(３)(4）（5)2.ＰassageTrａｎslatｉoｎDirectｉoｎs:Iｎthisｐａｒtofthetｅst，ｙｏｕwｉllhear2pasｓagesiｎEngliｓh.ＹouwillｈeartheｐassagesOＮＬYOＮＣE.Ａftｅryouhavehｅardeachpａｓsage，translatｅitintoChiｎeseandwｒｉtｅyｏurveｒsionintｈecｏrresｐｏｎdｉnｇspaceinyoｕrANSWERＢOOＫLEＴ.Youmaytakｅnotesｗhｉleｙouareｌisｔｅｎing.(１）(2）４SECTION2:STUＤYSKIＬLＳ(４5ｍinｕtes)Ｄiｒeｃtｉoｎs:Inｔhｉｓｓeｃｔｉon,youwilｌrｅadｓeｖｅｒalｐａsｓages.Ｅachpａssageiｓｆｏlloｗeｄbｙseveraｌquestiｏnsｂａseｄonｉｔscontent.YoｕａｒetochoｏseONEbestaｎｓｗｅr,（A),(B),(C)or(D)，toeachqｕesｔiｏｎ.AnsｗeralｌthequestioｎsfolｌowｉngeａchpassageonthebasiｓoｆwhatｉsstａteｄorｉｍｐliｅdiｎｔｈaｔpaｓsageandwritetheleｔteroｆtheanswｅryouhaveｃhoseｎinthecoｒｒｅspondｉnｇspａｃｅinyｏｕｒＡＮSWEＲＢOOKLET．Questioｎｓ1—5TｈepuｒｐoseｏftheAmericancｏurｔsysｔeｍiｓｔoｐrotecｔtｈerigｈtsoftｈepeople.AcｃｏrdｉnｇtoAmeｒｉcanlａｗ，ifsoｍｅoｎeisaccｕsedoｆacrime，heorsheiscoｎsｉdeｒedinｎoｃentｕｎtilthecourtproveｓtｈatthepersoｎiｓguiltｙ．Inotｈerwoｒｄｓ,itistｈerespｏｎｓｉbiliｔyｏfthecouｒttｏpｒｏvethａtapeｒsonｉsgｕiｌｔｙ.Itisnoｔtheresponsiｂｉlityofthepｅrｓoｎtoprｏｖeｔｈathｅorsｈeisinnocent．Inoｒdertｏａrreｓtaｐeｒｓon,ｔheｐolicehａvetobｅreaｓoｎaｂlｙsurｅｔhａtacrimｅhasbeeｎcoｍmitted.Thｅpoliｃｅｍusｔｇiveｔhesuspectthereasonｓwhｙtｈeｙａrearｒeｓｔingｈimaｎdtｅlｌhｉmhｉsrightsuｎderthelaｗ.Thenthｅpolｉcｅtakｅthｅｓｕｓpecttoｔhｅpolicｅｓtationto“book”hiｍ.“Ｂookingmeansthａｔthenameofｔｈepeｒsonanｄthechargesagainsthimareforｍallylisｔedatthepolicestａtion.Thｅnｅｘtsｔｅpiｓfoｒｔｈeｓｕｓpecttｏgobｅｆoreajｕｄｇe．Thejudgｅｄecidesｗhｅtherｔhesuｓpｅｃtsｈｏｕldbｅkeptｉnｊaｉlorrelｅased.Iftｈｅsusｐｅcｔhasnoｐreviouｓｃriｍinａlｒｅcoｒdanｄtheｊuｄｇefeｅｌstｈａthewillretｕｒntocouｒtrathｅｒｔｈａnruｎaｗay—fｏrｅｘａmple,bｅcauseｈeownsaｈousｅaｎdｈasａｆamily—ｈｅcaｎgofree.Oｔhｅrwise,ｔhesｕsｐectｍusｔpｕtupbａil.Atthistiｍe,toｏ,tｈｅｊｕdｇewillａｐpoinｔacoｕｒtｌaｙeｒtoｄｅfｅndtｈesusｐｅcｔiｆhecan’ｔaffoｒdonｅ．Ｔhｅsuspectreturnstｏｃourtawｅekortwｏｌａteｒ.Ａlawyerfromｔhｅdisｔriｃtattorneｙ’soffｉcepresentsacasｅａgａinstthesuｓpect.Thisisｃaｌlｅdahｅaring.Tｈeattorneymａypreｓenteｖiｄenceaｓweｌlａswiｔnｅｓｓes．Thejudgeatthehearingthendeｃideswhｅtｈeｒｔhereｉseｎouｇhreasontoholｄatrial.Ｉｆtheｊudgｅdeｃidesｔhaｔthｅreisｓｕffｉcientevidencetocaｌlforatriａl,ｈｅｏrｓｈeｓｅtｓａdａteforthesuspectｔoapｐeａrｉncｏｕｒttofｏrmallyｐleadｇuiｌtyorｎoｔguｉｌty.Ａtthetｒiａｌ,ａjｕryof12peoplelisｔeｎｓtｏthｅevidｅｎｃｅfrombｏtｈaｔｔoｒｎeysandhearsthetｅstimonyoftheｗitnｅｓses.Thenthejurygoesintoａpriｖaｔerｏomtｏconsiderｔheｅvｉｄenｃｅａｎddｅcidewhetherｔhedｅfｅndantｉsguiltyｏfthecrime.Ｉfthejuryｄecｉdｅstｈatthｅdeｆendaｎtisinnoｃent,hegoesfｒee．Hoｗever,ｉfｈeｉscoｎvicted，thejudgesｅtsadatefortｈedｅｆendaｎttoapｐｅaｒincｏurｔaｇaｉnforsｅntencing.Ａｔｔhiｓtime,thejｕdｇeｔelｌstｈｅcoｎvictedpersｏnwｈathispｕnｉshmenｔwillbｅ.Thejudgemaysｅｎｔencehimtoprｉsoｎ,oｒdｅrｈimtopａyafine，orplａcehimｏnｐrobaｔion.TheAmｅｒｉcaｎjｕsticeｓystｅｍｉsvｅrｙcomplexaｎdsoｍetｉmｅsoperaｔｅsslowly．Hｏｗever，evｅrｙsｔepiｓdeｓignｅdtopｒotｅｃttｈeｒｉghｔｓofthepeoplｅ.Tｈeseindｉｖidｕalrightsａreｔhebａｓiｓ,orｆounｄａｔioｎ,ｏftｈeＡｍericangovernmenｔ.1．Whatisｔheｍainideａofthepaｓｓagｅ？(A)ThｅAmｅrｉcancourtsyｓtemｒｅqｕirｅstｈaｔasｕspecｔprovｅthａtｈeorｓｈeisinnocenｔ.(B)TheUScｏｕｒtsystemisdeｓignｅdtｏpｒoteｃttherighｔｓofthepeoｐlｅ.(C)UndertｈeAmericanｃourtsysｔeｍ,juｄgｅdecidesiｆasuspeｃtisｉnnoｃenｔorguilty.(D)TheＵSｃourtｓｙsｔｅmisdesｉｇnedｔｏhelpthepolｉcepreｓｅntａcaｓeaｇainsｔthesｕsｐeｃt.2.Ｗhａtfｏllｏws‘inotherwｏrds’(para.1)?（A)Anexamplｅoｆtheprevioｕsｓｅntｅnce.(B)Aneｗideａaｂouｔthecourｔｓystｅm.(C)Aｎｉtｅmofｅvidencetｏｃａllｆｏratｒial．5(D)Ａrestaｔementoｆtheｐｒeviｏｕsｓeｎteｎce.３．Aｃcｏrdｉngtoｔhｅｐassage,‘heｃanｇofree’（ｐaｒa.3）meａns_________.(A)thesusｐecｔisfreｅtｏchooｓeaｌawyerｔodefendhim(Ｂ)tｈｅsuｓｐectdｏeｓｎothａvｅtｏgｏtoｔrｉalbecａusetｈｅｊudｇeｈａsdeciｄｅdheiｓinnｏcenｔ(C)theｓusｐeｃtwilｌbeinｆorｍedbymaiｌwhｅtｈｅrhｅisｉｎnocentｏrnｏt(Ｄ)thｅsuspeｃtdoesnｏｔhａｖetowaitinjａiｌｏrｐaｙmoｎeｙuntilｈｅgoesｔｏtrial4．Wｈatiｓthepurｐｏseofｈaｖingｔheｓusｐecｔｐaybａil?（A)Toｐａyfoｒthejudｇｅandtｈeｔriａl．(B)Ｔopayfｏraｃｏurtlａwyeｒtoｄefｅndtheｓuspｅct.(C)Toensuｒethatthesｕspecｔwiｌｌretuｒｎtocourt.(D)Toensｕretｈaｔtｈｅsusｐectwｉllaｐｐeaｒinpｒison.5.Accordiｎgtｏthｅpassage,wｈiｃhｏfthefoｌｌowingｓtatementsiｓtrue?(Ａ）ＴhｅAｍericａnjｕｓticｅｓystｅｍｓｏｍeｔimｅsｏpｅrateｓslowly.（B)Thｅpoliceｃanarｒesｔaｓusｐectwithｏutgiviｎｇanyrｅasonｓ．(C)Ｉtiｓｔhereｓｐｏｎｓibilityofthｅｓｕｓｐecttoprｏｖehｅｉsiｎｎｏcent．(Ｄ)Ｔheｊuｒyｃonｓiderstheｅvidｅnceintｈｅcouｒtｒooｍ.Quｅstｉｏｎs6—１0Sｏｙｏu’vegotaninvenｔiｏn—youandaroｕnd39,000ｏthｅｒseａｃhｙear，accordingto20２３ｓtatisｔics!The64,00０-dｏllａrｑuesｔioｎ,ifyouｈavｅｃomeuｐｗitｈadevｉceｗhichyoubelｉｅvｅｔｏbetheaｎｓweｒtotｈeｅｎergｙcrisiｓoｒyｏu’vｅinｖｅnteｄalawｎｍoｗeｒwhichcutsｇrasｓwithajetofwatｅr(nｏtsｏdaｆt,soｍｅｏnehasiｎvｅntｅdone)，ishowtoｅnｓureyou’ｒｅthｅonｅtｏｒeaptheｒｅwaｒdｓofyouｒｉngｅnuiｔy．Howwillａllｙoｕgardenshedboffinsｏuttherｅkeepotｈｅrsｆrｏｍcapitaｌiｚingonyourｉdｅａsandliｎiｎgtｈｅirpocｋｅtｓaｔyourexpense?Ｏneoftheｆirststepｓtoprｏteｃtyouriｎtereｓｔistｏpateｎtyｏｕｒiｎvenｔｉon.Tｈatcankeepiｔoutofｔhegraspoftheｐiｒatesforatleaｓtｔhenext20yｅars.Andｆoｒthisreａsｏninventorsｉｎtheｉrｄroｖesｂeaｔaｃｏnｓtanttrａilfroｍallｏverthecountrytothedoｏrsｏfananonｙｍousgrｅy-frontedbuildingｊｕｓtｂehinｄLoｎdon’sHolborntotrｙandpatｅnttｈeiｒdevicｅs.ThebｕildｉｎｇhouｓｅsthePaｔeｎｔOffice.Iｔ’sanａｎthｅapofcｏrriｄorｓ，ｏfｆicｅｓａndｆｉlingrooms—asｏrtinｇhouseandstｏraｇedepoｔfoｒoneoｆtheｗorｌd’sｂiggestａndmoｓtvaｒiedcolｌecｔiｏnｓoｆｔｅｃｈnｉcaldａｔa.Sｏmetenmiｌｌionpatenｔｓ—Ｅnｇｌｉｓhａndｆorｅigｎ—arelｉｓtedtheｒe．Fiｌeafteｒfilｅ，catalｏgueａftercaｔalｏｇueｄeｔａiltｈebraｉn-chｉｌｄrenofinveｎtorsdｏwntheｃenturies,ｆroma16０0’smａｃhineguｎdesｉgｎｅdtｏfireｓquareｂulletsａtｉnfidelsandroｕndoｎesatCｈriｓｔianｓ,toprｅsｅｎt-dａylａseｒ,nucｌearaｎdcoｍputｅrｔechnoｌogy.Ｔhｅfirst‘letterｓpatｅnt’ｗeｒegrantｅdaslｏｎgaｇoａs1４4９toａＦｌemishcrａfｔsmanbyｔheｎameofJohnＵtynam.Theleｔters,ｗriｔｔeniｎＬatin,arestilｌonｆilｅａttｈeoffice.TｈｅyweregranteｄｂyKinｇHenryＶIａｎdentiｔledＵtｙnamtｏ‘importｉntothisｃounｔry’hisknowledgeofmaｋingｓｔａinｅdｇlasｓwｉｎｄowsinoｒderｔｏiｎstallsuchwindowsatEtonＣｏlｌeｇe.Presenｔ-daypatentspｒoceduｒeisaｍoresopｈisticateｄaｆfairｔhaｎgettingaｇo-ａhｅaｄnoｔｅfromtｈemoｎarｃｈ.Thesedａyｓtheｓtｒceduresgoverninｇwhetheｒｙｏuｇeｔaｐatentfoｒyourｒeｖｏlutionarymｏuｓe-traｐorsolar-poｗeｒedｂacｋ－scrａtchｅrｈaｖeｂeenreducedtoaprｅttyｅｘaｃｔscｉeｎｃe．Fromｓtａrttofinishitｗilltakeａroｕndtwoａndaｈalfｙｅarｓandcｏｓｔ￡165ｆoｒthｅiｎvｅnｔortogainpatenｔpｒotectionfoｒhｉsbrainchｉｌd.That’sifｈe’slucky．ＢynomeansallｗｈoapplytothePatｅntOffice,whiｃhisabｒａnchｏｆtｈeDepartmｅntoｆTrade,geｔaｐａteｎt.6ＡｋｅyｍａｎattheＰａtentOｆficeisBernａrdPａｒtriｄge，PrｉncipalＥxamｉｎeｒ(Aｄｍinｉstrａｔion),whoboilｓdowntoonｅworｄｔｈｅｖｉｔａlｉngｒeｄｉentanyinvenｔｏｒneｅdsｂｅfｏrehecａnhopｅtｏovercomｅtｈｅｍanyhuｒｄｌeｓinthecomplexｐrｏcedureofobtainingapatent—‘ingenuitｙ’．6．Ｐeopletakeouｔａpａtentbeｃａｕsetheｙwantto_＿_＿______.(A）ｋeeｐtheiriｄeasfrｏｍbｅingsｔolen(Ｂ)reapthｅrｅwａrdｓofｓomｅｂｏdｙelsｅ’singｅnuity(C)vｉsittｈepatｅntofficｅbuｉldiｎg（D)comeupｗｉthｍｏreｎｅｗｄevｉｃeｓ7.Thephrasｅ‘thｅbｒaiｎ-chｉlｄreｎｏｆiｎｖenｔｏrs’(parａ.5)means__＿______.(Ａ）thｅchilｄrenwithｈiｇｈiｎtelｌigeｎcｅ（B）ｔheiｎvenｔioｎstｈaｔpeoｐeupｗｉth(C)aｄevicetｈatachildbelｉevｅstoｂetheanswerｔｏtheｅnergycrisｉｓ(D）alawnmoｗertｈataniｎｄｉｖiｄｕalhasinvenｔedtocｕtgrass８.Ｗhａthaｖｅthe1600’smaｃhinｅｇunaｎdｔｈepｒeｓenｔ-daylaserincommon?（Ａ)Ｂothwｅrｅapprｏvedｂｙthｅmｏnaｒch．（Ｂ)BothｗeｒeｇrａnｔedｂyＫｉngHenryVI.(C)BoｔhwｅreｒejecｔeｄｂytｈｅDepartｍenｔofTrａde.（Ｄ）Bothwerepａtented.9.WhyisJｏhnUｔｙｎamｓtillreｍemberｅd?(A)Heiｓｔhefiｒstｐｅrsoｎtogeｔａpａtｅntforhisrevolutiｏｎaｒymｏｕｓe-tｒap.（B）Hｅisthefirstpersontoｂegrantｅdaｎofｆｉcｉalpａteｎt．（Ｃ)HeｉstheｆirｓtｐｅｒsontobeaｎｏfficerintｈePaｔentOfｆice.(D)Ｈｅisthefｉｒsｔpersｏntohaｖeｉnｖｅｎｔedａlaｗnmｏwer.１0.Accoｒdingtothｅpassage,howwouldｙｏudescrｉbｅthｅｃomplexprｏｃeduｒｅofobtａinｉngａpatｅnｔｆoraninvｅntion?(A)Itｉｓratheｒｅxpｅｎｓive.(B)Itisanimｐossｉｂletasｋ.(Ｃ)Itｉsexｔreｍelydifｆｉcｕlt.(D）Itｉsverｙtricｋy.Qｕestiｏns１1—１5Ａｌlｌiｖingcｅllｓonｅarthreｑｕireｍoｉｓtｕrｅfｏrtｈeirmeｔａｂｏｌisｍ.Cerealｇrainｓwhｅnbrｏｕｇｈｔinｆromtheｆｉelｄ,altｈoughtheｙmayappｅartｏbｅｄrｙ,ｍａycontain２0pｅrcｅntofmoｉstureoｒｍore.Iｆtheyarｅstoｒeｄｉnabinthｕｓ,therｅisｓufficientmoistureｉnｔhemtosｕpportseｖｅraｌvarietiｅsofｉnsｅｃtｓ．Theseinｓeｃｔswiｌｌ,therｅforｅ,lｉｖeandbrｅｅdand,astheygrowanｄｅaｔｔｈｅｇrａin,ｉtｐroｖideｓtｈeｍwithbioｌogicalｅnｅrgyfoｒtheｉrlifeprocesses．Ｔｈiseneｒgywｉll,ｊｕｓｔａsinｍan,becomemaniｆestasheat.Sｉｎceｔｈebuｌkofthegraｉnａｃtsａsaninsuｌatoｒ,ｔhetemperaｔuresurrouｎdingthecoｌoｎyofinseｃtswｉllrｉsesoｔｈat，noｔonlyispartoｆthegｒａinspoiｌedbytｈedireｃtattaｃkoftheiｎsｅctsbutmoremayｂedamagｅdbyｔheｈeaｔ.Sｏmeｔimes，tｈetemｐerａturemａyｅvｅｎｒiｓetoｔhepoｉnｔwherｅthｅsｔoｒedgrａincatchesfirｅ．Forｓafestorage,grainmｕsｔｂedrｉｅduntilitｓmoisturecontenｔis1３peｒｃeｎtｏrleｓs.Traｄitioｎaｌartsｏｆｆooｄpｒｅseｒｖaｔｉontooｋａdｖantａgeoftｈisprinｃiplｅinanumbeｒoｆways．Theplantseeｄs,ｗheaｔ,rye，ricｅ，ｂａｒｌeymillｅt,maize，aretｈemselvessｔrｕctureseｖoｌvｅｄbynaturetoprｏvｉdestorｅdｆｏoｄ.Thｅstarｃhoｆthｅireｎｄｏｓpｅrmisuｓedｆoｒｔheｎouｒishｍentｏｆtｈeｅmｂｒｙoduriｎｇｔｈetimeitover-wｉnters(iｆitisapｌanｔoftheTemｐerateZone)andｕntiｌitsｎewleａvesｈａｖe７gｒowｎaｎｄtheirchｌｏrophyｌlｃanｔraｐeneｒgyfromthｅsunｌighｔtonouｒｉshｔheneｗ-ｇｒowｎpｌａnｔ.Tｈeseｐarａtｉonｂytｈｒeshingａnｄｗinnowingis,ｔherefｏｒｅ，toｓomeｄegreepａrtｏfａtechniｑｕｅｏｆfoodpreservatｉon.Ｔhedirecｔｄrｙｉngoｆothｅｒfｏodshasalsobeenｕsｅd.ＦishhasbeeｎdriediｎmａnypaｒtsoｆｔｈewoｒｌdｂｅsｉdesAfｒiｃa.Ｓlicesofdriedｍeａtareｐreｐarｅdbynumｅrousrａｃes.Bilｔoｎg,aｆormofdriedｍeａt，wａsacｕstｏｍarｙfｏｏdfortrａvelers.Thｅdｒｙingofmeａｔorfｉsh,ｅitherｉntheｓunｏroveｒａfｉre,quiteaｐartfromｔｈedegreｅtoｗhicｈitexposesthefoodtｏiｎfectionbybacteｒiaａnｄｉnfｅsｔａtiｏｎbyiｎｓｅｃts,tendsalsotｏｈarmitｓquａlｉtｙ．Proteinsａpleｘmｏlecularｓtrｕｃtuｒeswhiｃhareｒeadilyｄisruｐted．Ｔhisｉsthereaｓonwｈydriｅdmeａtbecomeｓｔouｇｈaｎdcan,wｉthsoｍescｉeｎtificjｕstｉｆicａtioｎ,ｂylｉkeｎedｔoleａｔheｒ．Ｔheｔeｃhｎiｃalprocｅssoｆｄryingfｏｏｄｓｉndｉrｅctlyｂypｉcklｉｎｇtheminｔhestrｏｎgsalｔｓｏlutionｓcomｍonｌｙcａllｅd‘ｂriｎe’ｄoesｌessｈａrｍtotheｐrｏteintｈａnstｒaightforwarddryinｇ，ｐａrtｉcularlyiftｈisiscaｒrｉedｏutathighｔｅmperatuｒｅｓ．Itisforｔｈisrｅａｓonthatmaｎyｏfthetypicａldｒyiｎgprｏcessesａrenotｔakeｎtｏｃompletｉoｎ．Thaｔistosay，theouterparｔｓmaｙｂedｒiｅdlｅavｉngａmoｉsｔinnｅrｓeｃtｉｏn.Uｎderｔhesecircumstａnｃeｓ,ｐreservationｉsoｎｌypartｉａl.Thedrieｄfoodkeepsloｎgerthaｎitwoｕｌdhaｖｅuｎdｒｉｅdbutitcaｎnｏtｂekｅｐｔindefinitelｙ．Forthｉｓreaｓｏｎ,traｄitionalｐｒoｃessesaretobefounｄiｎmanypartsｏftｈeｗｏｒlｄinwhiｃhacombinａtionofｐａrtialdrｙｉngａｎdpiｃｋｌingｉｎｂｒinｅisuｓed.Quiteｏfｔentｈedryingｉnvｏlｖｅｓexposureｔｏsmｏｋe．Foodstrｅａtedinthｉｓwayａｒe,ｂesidesfｉshofｖarioussｏrｔｓ,ｂaｃｏn,ｈamsａndnuｍeroustypesofsａusaｇｅs.11.Ａcｃordingtotheｐasｓaｇe,ｉnsectｓsｐoilsｔoｒeｄcereａlsby_____＿＿_.（A)coｎsｕmiｎgａｌlthegraｉｎthemselｖes（B）geｎeｒatingheａtaｎdｒaｉｓｉngthesｕrroundingtｅmperａture(Ｃ）increasiｎｇthemoistｕrecontentintheｇraｉn（D）attａckｉngeachｏtherforｍoregrａｉn12.Inｓｐeakingofthetraditｉonａlmethodsoｆfooｄprｅｓｅrvatｉoｎ,thewriter＿＿______．(A)exｐressｅsdoubtｓaboｕtdｉrecｔｓmoking(Ｂ)ｄｅｓcribessaltinｇaｎdｐicklingaｓineｆfectiｖe(Ｃ)condemｎｓｄｉrectdrｙiｎg(Ｄ)mｅｎtｉonsｔhｒｅshingandｗinｎowing13.Directｄryingａffectsｔｈequａlitｙofｍeatorｆisｈbｅｃaｕse＿_＿_____.（A）itｅxposesｔhｅmtｏｉnsectｓ（Ｂ)itmaｋesthemhａrd(Ｃ)itdａmageｓthｅprotｅiｎ(Ｄ)iｔdevelｏｐsbacｔｅrｉa14.Wecanleａｒnfromtheｐａssagethatsａltingpreservｅsｆoｏdbｙ_＿______.(A)ｄｅstrｏyiｎgtheｐｒotein(B)drａwｉnｇawaymoisｔurｅfromthefoｏd(Ｃ)dryingｔｈefｏodｉnthｅｓun(D)drｅssiｎｇｔｈefooｄ15.Aｃcordｉｎｇtoｔｈｅｐａｓｓage，paｒｔialｄryingiｓusefuｌｂｅｃause＿___＿___．（A)iｔdamａgesthｅproteinless（B)itcanｂｅcombｉnedｗｉthｐiｃklｉng(C)itlｅavｅｓthｅinsideｍoｉst(Ｄ)itｍakeｓthefooｄｓofｔ8Ｑuｅｓtionｓ16—20Wｅaｒeｍｏvinginexorａblyiｎｔotheaｇeofａutomation.Ｏuraｉmｉsnottodeviｓｅａmeｃｈaｎｉsmwhiｃｈcaｎｐｅｒfoｒｍatｈoｕsandｄifferentａctｉonｓoｆanyｉnｄｉｖidｕaｌmanbuｔ，onthｅconｔrarｙ,oｎeｗhichｃｏuｌdｂyａsinglｅactｉoｎrｅplａcｅaｔhoｕsandｍｅn.Inｄｕsｔｒｉａlautoｍaｔionhasmovedaｌonｇthreeliｎes.Firｓtthｅreｉsｔhecoｎｖeyoｒbeltsｙstemofcontinuoｕsproｄucｔｉｏnwｈerebysepaｒａteoｐｅrａtionsａrｅlｉｎkedｉｎｔoasinｇｌesｅquｅnｃｅ．Ｔhegoodsproｄucｅｄbythiswｅlｌ-ｅｓtａbｌishｅdmeｔｈｏdａreunｔouchedbytheworkｅr，andtheｍaｃhｉneｒeplaceｓbothｕnskilledandｓｅmiｓkiｌled．Secondly,thｅreｉsautｏmaｔｉｏnwitｈfeｅｄbａckcontrolofthequａlityoftｈeproducｔ:herｅｍechａnismsａrebｕiltｉntotheｓystｅmwhichcancompaｒｅtheoｕtpｕtｗithanｏrm,thaｔｉs,theactuaｌproducｔwithwhatiｔissｕpposedｔobe,anｄｔhencorrectaｎyｓhortcomingｓ.Theentｉrecycleoｆoperａtioｎsdiｓｐenｓｅswithhumancontrｏlexｃｅpｔiｎsofarasmonitorｓaｒeｃoｎcerｎeｄ.Oneorｔｗoexａmｐlesofｔhiｓｔｙpeｏfautomationwillillusｔrateｉtsｉmmeｎseｐossｉｂilitieｓ．ThereisafaｃtｏryinthｅU．S.A.whｉchｍａｋｅs1，0００millｉonｅlectriｃligｈｔbｕlbsaｙｅａr,andthefａcｔoryｅmploystｈrｅehunｄredpeople.Ｉftheｐｒeautｏｍａtiｏntecｈnｉqｕesｗeｒetobeemployed,theｌabourfｏｒｃeｒeｑuiredwouｌdleapｔｏ2５,00０.Ａｍotoｒｍａｎufactuｒinｇcoｍpanywith4５,００0spaｒepａｒｔｓregulａtestheireｎｔiｒｅsupplyｅｎtｉｒelｙbｙcompｕtｅr.Comｐuterscanbeenｔrｕstedwithｍostofthesｕpｅrvｉsionoｆinduｓｔrｉalｉｎstallaｔioｎs,suchascｈemｉcaｌplaｎｔsoroilrefinｅries．Tｈirdｌy,tｈereisｃomｐuterauｔomation,forｂanｋs,ａccountｉｎgdｅｐaｒtｍenｔｓ,insuraｎｃeｃompaniesandthelｉｋe.Ｈeｒetｈeesseｎｔｉａlfｅａｔuｒesarｅthｅｒｅcｏrding,storing,sｏrtingaｎdretrievａlｏｆinfoｒmａｔioｎ．Ｔｈeｐrｉncipaｌmｅｒitofｍodｅrnｃｏmｐutingｍaｃhiｎesisｔheachｉｅvｅmenｔoftｈeiｒvasｔlygreaterspeeｄofopｅｒaｔionbycoｍpaｒisonｗｉthｕｎａiｄｅdhumanefｆort;aｔaskｗhichｏtherwisｅmigｈｔtaｋeyeaｒs，ifatteｍpｔedａtaｌｌ,ｎoｗｔakesdaysoｒｈoｕrs.Ｏneofthｅmostｕｒgentpｒｏｂlemsｏｆｉnｄuｓtrialsocieｔiesｒapiｄlyintroducｉnｇautomaｔionishowｔofiｌltｈｅtimｅｔｈａtwilｌbemadefreeｂytｈeｍaｃhineｓwhichwｉlｌtakeｏｖｅrtheｔａsksofｔheworkerｓ.Thｅqueｓtｉonｉsnoｔｓimplｙoffｉllｉngemｐtytimeｂutaｌsoofuｔilｉｚingtｈｅｓｕrpｌushumanｅnｅrｇythatwillbereleased.Weａreaｌｒｅadｙseeingsｔrawsiｎtheｗｉnd：deｓtruｃtｉveoutbuｒstsontｈｅpaｒtofyouthwhoｓｅworknolongｅrdemanｄsmｕsculａrｓtreｎgth.Ｗhｉleautｏmａｔioｎwｉllundoubteｄｌydoａwａｙwiｔhａlａrｇｅｎｕmberoftediousｊobs,arｅweｓurethａtitwｉｌlnotputoｔhｅrswhichareequallytediｏuｓiｎtheirplaｃe?Foranenorｍousamouｎtｏfsｈeｅｒmonitoｒｉngwilｌberequired.Ａmａｎinanautomatedpｌantmａyhａｖｅtｏsitｆorｈoｕrｓonandwatchｉngｄialｓａｎdtakｉngｄeciｓivｅactioｎｗhｅｎｓomesignaliｎfｏｒｍshimｔhatallisnotｗeｌl.Whatmｅａniｎgwillhiｓoｃｃupatｉonbeaｒforｔｈｅwoｒker？Hｏwｗｉllｈedｅvotｅhisfrｅetiｍeａfteｒafｏuｒorfivｅhoｕrｓtiｎtoflaｂour?Mｏreoｖer，whａt,indeed，wｉｌlbetｈeｓｉgnｉficaｎｃeforhｉmofhiｓleiｓｕｒe？Ifiｎduｓtryofthefutuｒｅｃouldｂepuｒgedｏfiｔsmonｏｔonyａndmeａninglessness,manwouｌdthenｂebetteｒequippedtｏuｓehｉsleiｓurｅtiｍeｃｏnstｒｕctivelｙ.16.Themａiｎpｕrposeｏfautomaｔｉoｎｉｓ_＿＿______.(Ａ)tｏdevｉsethemachineｗhiｃhcoｕldreplａｃｅtheｓｅmi-ｓkｉlled(Ｂ）ｔoprocessinforｍatｉonasfａｓｔaspossibｌe(C)todeｖelopaｎeffｉcｉentlａbｏr-ｓａviｎgmｅｃhanism（D)tｏｍａkeanindiｖｉｄualmanperforｍmaｎyｄifｆeｒeｎtacｔｉons17．Ｔhecｈiefbeneｆｉtｏfｃｏmｐｕtingmachｉnesｉs＿_＿_____.(A）thｅｉｒgreaｔerｓpｅedｏｆｏｐeratｉon(B）tｈｅｉｒｃｏｎtrｏlｏftheproducｔquaｌiｔy(C)tｈeｉｒconｖeｙorbeｌtｓystemofcontinuouｓpｒoductｉon9(D)ｔheｉｒsupｅｒvｉsionofindｕsｔrialinstallaｔionｓ1８.Oneoftｈeｐroblemsbrougｈtaboutbｙaｕtomatiｏnininｄｕstｒiａlsoｃietiesｉs____＿_＿__．(Ａ）plentｙoｆｉnformａtion(Ｂ)ｓurplｕsｈumaneｎergy(Ｃ)ｄestｒuctiveouｔbursｔｓ(D)lessleisureｔime19.Wｈｉｃhｏfｔheｆｏｌlｏwingbeｓtexplaｉnstheｕseof‘sｔｉnt’（pａrａ．4)?(Ａ）Eｆfort.(Ｂ）Forcｅ.(C)Excess.(Ｄ)Peｒiod.２0.Ａccｏｒdinｇtotｈｅpａssage,whｉchofthｅfoｌlowinｇｓｔatementｓistrｕe?（Ａ)Thｅrｅiｓnoａｕtomationｗithfeedbackconｔｒoloftheqｕaliｔyofｔｈeproduｃt．(B)Compｕｔersａｒereｌiableinanｙsuｐｅｒvisiｏnoｆiｎｄustriａlｉnstalｌatioｎs.(C)Theesseｎtiaｌfeaｔｕrｅsfoｒｂａnksaretｈerecordingａndsortiｎｇoｆｉnforｍatｉｏn.(D)Autｏｍationｗillundoubteｄlyeliminatｅnuｍeｒouｓｔediouｓjoｂs.Ｑuestｉons21—２５TｈecitywaterpipesinRomewereusualｌyofbａｋedclayｏrleaｄ;