2023年MBAMPAMPACC管理类联考考研英语真题及答案版

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lｆiｎｄtｈａｔmanyｏｆtｈeproｄｕctsweｕseeveｒyday—cｈewｉnggums,sｋiｎｍｏisturizeｒｓ,ｄｉsinfectinｇwiｐeｓ,ａirfreshenerｓ,waｔerｐuriｆｉerｓ，hｅalthsnaｃks,aｎｔipｅｒｓpiraｎｔs，cologｎes，ｔｅetｈwｈiteｎerｓ,fabrｉｃsofｔeｎｅｒs，vｉｔamiｎs—arerｅｓultsoｆmａnuｆacturedhabｉｔs.Aｃｅntuｒyaｇo，fewｐｅoplｅｒegｕlarlybrｕｓhedtheirｔeethｍuｌｔｉpletimesaday.Todａy，becausｅｏfｃａnnyadverｔisiｎgandpublicheaｌｔhｃampaｉgnｓ,manyAmｅricａnｓhabiｔｕａllｙgｉveｔheirpeａrlywhitesaｃavity-pｒｅventingscrubtｗiceａdａy，oftｅnｗithColgate,Crestoｒoneｏftｈeｏthｅrbrａnds.Ａfeｗdeｃaｄesａgo,manｙpeopledidｎ’ｔdrｉnkwaｔeroutsideofａmeal.Thenbevｅｒageｃompａniesstartedbｏｔtlinｇthepｒoductionoffar－offsprｉngs,aｎdｎowofｆｉcｅworｋeｒsｕnthiｎkinｇlysｉpbｏtｔledｗateralｌｄaylong.Cｈewiｎggｕm,oｎceboｕgｈtprimarｉlyｂyadolesceｎtbｏys，isnoｗfｅaturedincommｅrciａlsasabreatｈfresheｎeraｎdteeｔhcleanｓｅrforuseａfｔerameal.Ｓｋiｎmｏistｕｒｉzｅrｓａｒeａdvertｉｓedaｓｐａｒtofmoｒningbｅａutyｒiｔｕals，slipｐedinbetweenhairbrushｉngandｐuttingonmａｋeup．“Oｕrproductsｓucceeｄwheｎtheybecoｍepaｒtｏｆｄａilyｏrｗｅeklｙｐaｔterｎｓ,”ｓaｉdCaroｌＢerniｎg,acｏnｓｕmerpsｙchｏlogistwhoreceｎtlyreｔiｒedfromＰrｏｃｔeｒ&Gamble，thecoｍpａnythａtｓold$７６billionoｆTiｄe,Crestanｄoｔherｐroducｔｓlasｔｙear.“Creａtingposｉtｉvehabiｔsisａｈugｅparｔofiｍproｖingourcｏnsumers’liveｓ，ａnｄｉt’ｓessenｔialtomakiｎgnewｐrｏdｕctscｏmmerｃiallｙviａbｌe．”Thｒoughexpｅrimｅntｓａｎdobservatｉon,ｓｏcｉalｓcieｎtiｓtslｉkeDｒ.Ｂerniｎghaｖｅleaｒneｄthaｔｔherｅisｐoweｒintyiｎgcertaiｎbehaviorstohabｉtｕａlcuｅsｔhrｏughｒelｅntｌessadvertｉsing.Aｓthisneｗscienceoｆhabiｔhａsｅmerged,ｃｏntroｖｅrsiｅｓhａvｅeｒuptｅdwhenthetactiｃshavebeenusｅdtosellｑueｓtionablｅｂeautｙcｒeamｓoruｎhｅaltｈｙfoodｓ.３1．AｃcordingtoDr．Curtis，haｂitsｌiｋｅhaｎｄｗａshingwｉthsoap＿＿___＿__.［A]shouldbｅfuｒtheｒcuｌtｉvated[B]ｓhouldbｅchaｎgedgradｕaｌly[Ｃ]aｒedeeｐｉｙrｏotedinhistory[Ｄ]arebａsiｃａllypriｖaｔeconｃerns3２.Boｔtledwａｔｅｒ，cｈewinｇgunanｄsｋinmoiｓturizｅrsarｅmｅntioｎedｉnPａｒagraph5soasto_＿＿＿[A]ｒeｖeａｌtheiｒimpactonｐeｏple’habits［B]showｔheurgeｎtnｅeｄｏfdailynecessiｔiｅs[C］inｄｉcａteｔｈeirｅffeｃｔonpｅｏple’ｂｕｙingpower[D］mａｎifｅstthesignifｉcａnｔroleofgooｄhabits３3.whichｏｆtｈefolｌｏｗinｇdｏesNOTｂelｏngtoproducｔsthathelpｃreatepｅople’shabiｔs?[A］Tｉｄe［B]Crest[C]Colgａｔe［Ｄ]Unilver３４.Fromthetextｗekonwthatsomeofconｓumer’ｓhabitｓaｒeｄｅｖelopｅddueto__＿_＿[Ａ］ｐeｒfectｅdarｔofpｒodｕcts［Ｂ]aｕtomaｔicｂehaviorｃreatioｎ［C]commercｉalpromoｔioｎs[Ｄ]scienｔｉfiｃｅxｐeｒiｍents35．theauｔhｏr’sａttitudetowarｄtheinfluencｅofadveｒtｉsemenｔonpeopｌe’ｓhaｂitsis____[A]indiｆferent[B]ｎｅgａtive［C］ｐoｓitive[D]biasｅｄTeｘt4MaｎyAmeｒｉcaｎsｒeｇarｄｔhejurysｙstｅmａｓaconcｒetｅeｘｐressioｎoｆcｒuｃialｄemoｃraｔicvaｌues，includiｎgthｅprｉncipｌｅｓtｈatallciｔizeｎsｗhomeetminimalｑualificａｔionｓｏｆageandlｉteraｃyaｒeeqｕaｌlycompetenｔｔoｓeｒveoｎjurieｓ；thatｊurｏｒsｓｈoｕｌdｂeselectｅdｒanｄomlyｆromａｒepｒｅsentaｔiｖecroｓsｓectｉoｎｏfｔheｃｏｍmunitｙ；ｔｈａtnocitizenshouldbedenｉedtherｉghttosｅｒveｏnajurｙonaccｏuntofraｃｅ,reliｇiｏn,sex,ｏｒｎaｔionalｏrｉgiｎ;ｔhaｔｄｅfendａｎtsareeｎtｉｔledtotｒiaｌbytｈeirｐeers;andｔｈatveｒdiｃtsshoｕldrepｒesenｔthecoｎscieｎceｏｆthｅcommunityaｎdnｏtjusｔthelettｅroｆｔhelａw．Ｔhｅjurｙisalsosａidtｏbethebestsurviｖingexａmｐｌeｏｆｄirectratheｒtｈanrepresentativedemｏcrａｃｙ.Ｉｎadirectdｅmocｒacy,citｉｚensｔａｋeturｎｓgoｖerningtｈｅmｓeｌveｓ,rａtherthanｅleｃｔiｎgｒeｐreseｎtativestｏgｏvernforthem.Bｕｔａsreｃeｎtlｙasｉｎ1９８６,jｕrysｅlectionpｒocedｕresconｆｌictｅdwitｈｔhｅｓｅｄｅmocraticideals.Ｉnｓｏmestaｔes,fｏrexampｌｅ,juｒｙdutywasliｍiｔedtopeｒｓoｎsoｆsuｐposeｄlｙsupeｒiｏrｉntｅlｌｉgenｃe,ｅducａtion,aｎdmoralｃharacｔer.ＡｌｔｈougｈtheSuｐremｅＣourtｏftheUnｉtｅdSｔateｓhａdprｏhｉbiｔedintenｔionalraｃiａldiscriminationiｎｊｕｒyselｅctionasearlｙasthe１８８０caｓｅofstrauderv.ＷeｓtＶｉｒginia,ｔhｅpractｉceoｆｓｅleｃtingｓo-ｃaｌledeｌiteorbｌue-ribbonｊuriｅｓｐroｖidｅdaconｖenientwayaroｕｎｄthisanｄｏtherantidｉsｃriminatｉonlaws.Thesystｅmalsofaileｄtｏrｅgulａrｌyｉｎcludｅwomｅｎonｊuｒiｅsunｔiｌthｅｍid-２０thcentｕｒy.AlｔｈoughwｏmenfirstｓｅrｖedoｎstatejuriｅsiｎＵtahｉn1898,iｔwasnotuｎtiltｈe1９40sthａtａmajｏrityoｆstaｔesmadeｗoｍｅnelｉgｉblｅforjｕｒｙｄｕty.Eｖｅnthenseｖeralstateｓauｔomａｔiｃaｌlyexｅmpｔeｄｗomenｆｒomjｕｒydutyｕnｌeｓsｔｈeypersoｎlｌyaskedtｏhaｖｅtheirnameｓinclｕdedonｔhejurylisｔ.Thisｐrａcticeｗasｊｕsｔifiｅdｂｙtｈｅｃlaｉmthatwｏｍenwｅrｅneedeｄathomｅ,andｉtkeptjuriesunｒｅpresｅnｔaｔivｅofwoｍｅntｈｒouｇhthe１96０s.In1９6８,theCoｎgｒｅｓsoｆtheUnitedStatespassedtheJｕryＳｅleｃtionandSｅrviｃeAｃt,ｕｓhｅringｉnaneweraofdemocrａticrｅfoｒmsfｏrthejury．Tｈisｌａｗａｂoliｓhedspeciaｌeｄucationalreｑuirementsforfedｅraｌjuｒoｒsａndrequireｄthｅｍtobeｓｅlectedatrａndｏmfrｏmaｃrossｓeｃtionoftheentiｒecommuｎity.Ｉnthelandｍark１975decisionTaylorｖ.Louisiana,theSupremｅＣｏurtｅxtｅｎdedｔhereqｕireｍentthａｔjuriesｂerｅpｒesentａtｉveofallｐartsofｔｈecommｕｎiｔyｔｏｔhesｔaｔelevel．TheＴaｙlorｄeciｓｉｏｎaｌsｏdｅclａredsｅxdiｓcrimiｎationiｎjurｙsｅleｃｔionｔobeｕnconｓｔituｔiｏnaｌandoｒderedstatestoｕsethｅsａmｅprocｅduresforｓeleｃtingmaleａndfemaleｊurorｓ.3６．FromthｅpriｎciｐlesoftheUSjurysｙｓteｍ,welearntｈat＿＿__＿＿[A]boｔｈliｔcrateａndiｌｌｉterａtｅpeopleｃanｓｅrveoｎjuries［B]dｅfenｄantsａreimmｕnｅfromｔrialbｙtｈeｉrｐeerｓ[C]noａgelｉmｉｔsｈouｌdbeｉｍposedfｏrjurysｅｒvice[D］ｊudｇmentshｏuｌdconsidertheoｐｉnｉonoｆtｈeｐｕblｉc３7.Tｈｅpracticeofsｅleｃtingso—callｅdｅliｔejuroｒspriｏrｔo1968shoｗed_＿___[Ａ]ｔhｅinadcquavyｏｆａntidｉscrｉminationlaws[B]theprｅvalｅntdｉscrimiｎationagａｉnstｃertaiｎraces［C]tｈｅｃｏnｆｌictiｎｇideａlｓｉnjuryｓelectionｐrｏｃedurｅs3８.Eｖｅniｎｔhe1960s,ｗomenwerｅｓeldomｏnthｅｊuｒyｌistinsomｅｓｔatesbｅｃａuse_____[A]theywereauｔomaticaｌlybanneｄｂｙstａtelaｗs[B]tｈeｙfellfarshｏｒtoftherequｉｒedquaｌifｉcａtiｏns[C]thｅyweｒesuｐｐosedtopeｒfｏrmdomesｔicdutiｅs[Ｄ]tｈeytｅndｅｄtoevａｄeｐuｂliceｎgａgｅmeｎt３9.AftertheＪurｙSeleｃtiｏnａnｄSerｖicｅActwaspaｓseｄ．_＿_［Ａ]sexdiｓcriminatｉonｉnjuryｓｅｌectioｎwasuncｏnstｉｔuｔionalａｎdｈadｔoｂeaboｌished[B]eduｃaｔiｏnalreqｕｉreｍeｎtsbecamelessｒｉgiｄinthｅselecｔioｎoffedｅraｌjｕｒors［C]jｕrorsattheｓtatelevｅloughtｔobeｒｅpresentaｔiveoftheeｎtiｒecommunitｙ[D]staｔｅsｏugｈtｔoｃoｎfoｒｍｔothefedｅralcｏｕrtinｒeformingｔhｅjurｙsystem４０.indｉsｃusｓinｇｔheUSjuｒｙsyｓtem,thetextcｅｎterson_＿_____［Ａ]itsnaturｅａndprｏbｌems[Ｂ]ｉtsｃhaｒａcterｉsticｓandｔｒaditiｏｎ[C]iｔsprｏｂlemsaｎdtｈeｉrsolutioｎs[D]itstrａditｉonａnｄdeveloｐmeｎtSｅctionⅢTransｌａtion4６.Ｄirｅcｔｉons:ＩｎｔｈissectiｏntｈereisatextｉnEnglisｈ．TｒansｌatｅitｉntoChinese.ＷriteｙourtrａｎslａtionoｎＡNSWERＳHEEＴ2.(15points)“Suatａiｎabiｌity”haｓbｅｃomeaｐoｐularwoｒdtheｓｅｄays,bｕｔtoTeｄＮiｎg,thecｏnceｐtｗillalｗayｓｈａｖepersonａlmeanｉng.Ｈaｖingenduredaｐainfulpeｒiｏdofunsusｔainaｂｉlitｙinhｉｓoｗｎlifemadeｉtcleartohimｔｈatsuｓtａinabilｉtｙ－orｉenteｄｖａlｕｅsmustbｅexｐressｅdthoｕgheverydａyacｔｉonandchｏice．Ningrecallsspenｄingacｏnfｕsingｙｅaｒinthｅlate1990sselｌｉｎｇｉnsuｒancｅ.He’dbeeｎthoughｔhｅdｏｔ-comｂooｍandburstaｎd,despｅraｔｅｆoｒajob,signedoｎｗithａBouｌdeｒａｇeｎcy.Iｔdidin’ｔgowｅll.“Ｉtwａsａreａｌｌｙｈaｄmoｖebecａuｓｅthａt’sｎｏtmyｐasｓioｎ,”saｙｓNiｎg,ｗhoｓｅdileｍmaaｂoutｔhejobｔransｌated,predictaｂｌy,intoａlackofsales．“Ｉｗasmiserａble,IhadsomｕｃhanxiｅtythaｔIwouldwａｋeuｐiｎtｈｅmiddleｏｆtheｎｉghtandstareattheceｉling．Ｉhadnomoｎｅyanｄneededtheｊob．Everyonesaid,‘Jｕｓtwａit,you’llｔruntheｃoｒｎer,giveｉtsometiｍe．’”翻译参考“坚持不懈”如今已成一个流行词汇,但对TedＮｉng而言,这个概念一直有个人含义,经历了一段痛苦松懈的个人生活,使他清楚面向以坚持不懈为导向的价值观,必须贯彻到天天的行动和选择中。Ｎing回忆起2０世纪90年代末期卖保险的那段迷茫时光，他通过蓬勃兴起的网络疯狂地找工作,并且与Boulｄｅr代理机构签了约。事情进展并不顺利,TedNiｎｇ说到:“那真是个糟糕的选择，由于我对此没有激情,”可以预料，他把工作中的矛盾能解释为没有业务。Ning说：“我很痛苦渴望半夜起来盯着天花板,我没钱，我需要工作，每个人都说‘等吧，只要有耐心会好转的。’”４7.Diｒｅｃtioｎs:YouｈaｖｅjusｔcomeｂａckfrｏｍtheU.S.asamembｅrofaＳino-Aｍｅricanｃultｕｒａlｅｘcｈangeproｇrａｍ．WrｉteａｌetteｒｔoyoｕｒAmeriｃａncolleａgueto1)Expressyｏurｔhaｎksforｈis/ｈｅrwａrmｒeceｐtion;２)Weｌcoｍehim/ｈerｔｏviｓitChinaindｕｅcouｒse．Youｓｈouldwriteａbouｔ10０ｗoｒｄｓonＡＮSWＥＲＳHEEＴ2．